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2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)最新文献

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Deep Learning based Synthetic Aperture Imaging in the Presence of Phase Errors via Decoding Priors 基于深度学习的基于先验解码的相位误差合成孔径成像
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149740
Samia Kazemi, Bariscan Yonel, B. Yazıcı
In this paper, we designed a deep learning (DL) based method for synthetic aperture imaging in the presence of phase errors. Random variations in the transmission medium resulting from unforeseen environmental changes, fluctuations in sensor locations, and multiple scattering effects in the background medium often amount to uncertainties in the assumed data models. Imaging algorithms that rely on back-projected estimates are susceptible to estimation errors under these circumstances. Moreover, under dynamic nature of the medium, collecting high volume of measurements under the same operating conditions may become challenging. Towards this end, our imaging network incorporates DL in three major steps: first, we implement a deep network (DN) for pre-processing the erroneous measurements; second, we implement a DL-based decoding prior by recovering an encoded version of the reflectivity vector associated with the scattering media to reduce sample complexity, which is then mapped to an image estimate by a decoding DN; finally, we consider a fixed step implementation of an iterative algorithm in the form of a recurrent neural network (RNN) by using the unrolling technique that leads to a model-based imaging operator. The parameters of all three DNs are learned simultaneously in a supervised manner. We verified the feasibility of our approach using simulated high fidelity synthetic aperture measurements.
本文设计了一种基于深度学习(DL)的相位误差合成孔径成像方法。由于不可预见的环境变化、传感器位置的波动以及背景介质中的多重散射效应而导致的传输介质的随机变化往往构成假设数据模型中的不确定性。在这种情况下,依赖于反向投影估计的成像算法容易产生估计误差。此外,在介质的动态特性下,在相同的操作条件下收集大量的测量数据可能会变得具有挑战性。为此,我们的成像网络将深度学习分为三个主要步骤:首先,我们实现一个深度网络(DN)来预处理错误测量;其次,我们通过恢复与散射介质相关的反射率矢量的编码版本来实现基于dl的解码先验,以降低样本复杂性,然后通过解码DN将其映射到图像估计;最后,我们考虑了一个循环神经网络(RNN)形式的迭代算法的固定步骤实现,通过使用导致基于模型的成像算子的展开技术。所有三个dn的参数以监督的方式同时学习。我们用模拟的高保真合成孔径测量验证了我们方法的可行性。
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引用次数: 0
AI-based Human Detection and Localization in Heavy Smoke using Radar and IR Camera 基于雷达和红外相机的人工智能浓烟人体检测与定位
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149735
Hovannes Kulhandjian, Alexander Davis, Lancelot Leong, Michael Bendot, Michel Kulhandjian
One of the main challenges currently firefighters are facing in search and rescue operations is battling the heavy smoke inside a space that needs to be searched for people and animals. In this work, we develop an integrated system composed of two unique sensing mechanisms that are capable of real-time detection and localization of humans and animals in deep smoke to improve the situational awareness of firefighters on the scene. We make use of data from a micro-Doppler sensor and an infrared camera and train a DCNN algorithm to localize a human in dense smoke in real-time. Experimental results reveal that the proposed system can detect a human in heavy smoke with an averaae of 98 % validation accuracy.
目前,消防员在搜救行动中面临的主要挑战之一是在一个需要搜索人和动物的空间内与浓烟作斗争。在这项工作中,我们开发了一个由两种独特的传感机制组成的集成系统,能够实时探测和定位深烟中的人和动物,以提高消防员在现场的态势感知。我们利用来自微多普勒传感器和红外摄像机的数据,训练一个DCNN算法来实时定位浓烟中的人。实验结果表明,该系统能够在浓烟中检测出人体,验证准确率达到98%。
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引用次数: 0
Joint Antenna Selection and Transmit Beamforming for Dual-Function Radar-Communication Systems 双功能雷达通信系统的联合天线选择与发射波束形成
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149772
Fangzhou Wang, A. L. Swindlehurst, Hongbin Li
Dual-function radar-communication (DFRC) design is a promising approach for solving the challenging spectrum congestion problem. This paper considers joint antenna selection and digital beamforming design for a DFRC system that serves multiple multicast communication groups and, meanwhile, performs sensing. The dual-function transmit design is cast as maximizing the minimum target illumination power in multiple target directions by jointly selecting the antennas and designing the beamformers subject to a lower bound on the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for the communication users and an upper bound on the clutter power at each clutter scatterer. The resulting optimization formulation is a mixed integer programming problem that is solved with a penalized sequential convex relaxation scheme along with semidefinite relaxation (SDR). Numerical results verify the effectiveness of the proposed DFRC scheme and the associated algorithm.
双功能雷达通信(DFRC)设计是解决具有挑战性的频谱拥塞问题的一种很有前途的方法。本文研究了服务于多个组播通信组并具有传感功能的DFRC系统的联合天线选择和数字波束形成设计。双功能发射设计是通过共同选择天线和设计波束形成器,使通信用户的信噪比(SINR)有一个下界,每个杂波散射点的杂波功率有一个上界,从而使多个目标方向上的最小目标照明功率最大化。所得到的优化公式是一个混合整数规划问题,该问题用惩罚序列凸松弛方案和半定松弛(SDR)来求解。数值结果验证了所提DFRC方案及相关算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
A Pattern Shaping Approach for Distributed Collaborative Beamforming 分布式协同波束形成的模式整形方法
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149638
Michael V. Lipski, S. Kompella, R. Narayanan
Collaborative transmit beamforming using coherent distributed arrays is a method by which multiple wireless nodes synchronize their transmissions in order to synthesize a virtual antenna array. Assuming a high degree of inter-node synchronization in frequency, phase, and location, wireless transmitters can synthesize a beam with a power gain of $N^{2}$ towards any arbitrary direction. Using a planar model, we examine the use of global optimization algorithms to add additional beams or nulls to the transmit pattern of a distributed array. Using simulations, we show that adjusting the positions of array nodes can reliably create multiple side beams or nulls in desired azimuth locations. Simulated annealing and pattern search optimization methods are explored for both beam forming and nulling and are compared across the average side beam intensity, node displacement, and algorithm running time.
利用相干分布式阵列协同发射波束形成是一种利用多个无线节点同步发射以合成虚拟天线阵列的方法。假设节点间在频率、相位和位置上高度同步,无线发射机可以向任意方向合成功率增益为$N^{2}$的波束。使用平面模型,我们研究了使用全局优化算法向分布式阵列的发射方向图添加额外波束或空点。通过仿真,我们证明了调整阵列节点的位置可以可靠地在期望的方位角位置产生多个侧波束或空波束。研究了模拟退火和模式搜索优化方法对光束形成和零化的影响,并对平均侧束强度、节点位移和算法运行时间进行了比较。
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引用次数: 0
Spectrogram Filtering and Ridge Graph Fitting Based Time Frequency Analysis 基于时频分析的谱图滤波和脊图拟合
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149655
Bingcheng C. Li
Since a frequency modulation signal can be approximated by polynomial chirplet in a local time window, polynomial chirplet transform has been applied to acoustic signal processing, radar Doppler analysis and gravity wave analysis. However, the direct implementation of a polynomial chirplet transform has extremely high computational cost due to its high dimensional polynomial chirplet parameter space. In this paper, we propose a spectrogram time-frequency filtering and ridge graph polynomial fitting approach to estimate polynomial chirplet parameters for the time-frequency analysis. In the proposed method, a low dimensional spectrogram ridge graph fitting is developed to extract high dimensional polynomial chirplet parameters for the computational cost reduction. Furthermore, the spectrogram filtering in the time-frequency space is proposed to improve the reliability of spectrogram ridge extraction, and a ridge interpolation technique is recommended to improve the accuracy of ridge extraction. Test results show that the proposed method has a low computational cost, high reliability and accuracy for extracting polynomial chirplet parameters.
由于调频信号可以在局部时间窗内用多项式啁啾来近似,因此多项式啁啾变换已被应用于声信号处理、雷达多普勒分析和重力波分析。然而,由于多项式啁啾参数空间的高维性,直接实现多项式啁啾变换具有极高的计算成本。本文提出了一种谱图时频滤波和脊图多项式拟合的方法来估计时频分析中的多项式啁啾参数。该方法采用低维谱图脊图拟合方法提取高维多项式啁啾参数,降低了计算成本。在此基础上,提出了在时频空间对谱图进行滤波以提高谱图脊提取的可靠性,并提出了一种脊插值技术以提高脊提取的精度。实验结果表明,该方法计算量小,提取多项式啁啾参数的可靠性和准确性高。
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引用次数: 0
Particular DDM codes for online phase shifter calibration in automotive MIMO radar 车载MIMO雷达移相器在线标定专用DDM代码
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149703
Mayeul Jeannin, O. Lang, D. Nugraha, Farhan Bin Khalid, André Roger, M. Huemer
Frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar systems employing Doppler division multiplexing (DDM) require calibrating the phase shifters to maintain optimal performance and minimize spurs all along the radar system's life cycle. Existing methods rely on a dedicated time slot to perform the phase shifters' calibration. Ideally, a method allowing for online estimation of the phase shifter imbalances without interrupting the radar operation would be desirable. In this work, a particular subset of the DDM coding scheme is analyzed, enabling such an online estimation. The proposed coding scheme and associated constellation imbalance estimator are detailed in this work and tested on the road, showing the robustness of the estimator.
采用多普勒分复用(DDM)的调频连续波(FMCW)多输入多输出(MIMO)雷达系统需要校准移相器,以保持最佳性能并在雷达系统的整个生命周期内最小化杂散。现有的方法依赖于一个专用的时隙来执行移相器的校准。理想情况下,一种允许在线估计移相器不平衡而不中断雷达操作的方法是可取的。在这项工作中,分析了DDM编码方案的一个特定子集,使这种在线估计成为可能。本文详细介绍了所提出的编码方案和相关的星座不平衡估计器,并在道路上进行了测试,验证了该估计器的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 0
A Tailored cGAN SAR Synthetic Data Augmentation Method for ATR Application 一种适合ATR应用的cGAN SAR合成数据增强方法
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149587
Gustavo F. Araujo, Renato B. Machado, M. Pettersson
This article proposes a method to simulate Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) targets for specific incidence and azimuth angles. Images synthesized by Electromagnetic Computing (EMC) are used to train a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network (cGAN). Two synthetic image chips of the same class and incidence angle, separated by two degrees in azimuth, are used as input to the cGAN. The cGAN predicts the image of the same class and incidence angle whose azimuth angle corresponds to the bisector of the two input chips. An evaluation using the SAMPLE dataset was performed to verify the quality of the image prediction. Running through a total of 100 training epochs, the cGAN converges, reaching the best Mean Squared Error (MSE) after 77 epochs. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is promising for Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) applications.
本文提出了一种模拟特定入射角和方位角合成孔径雷达(SAR)目标的方法。利用电磁计算合成的图像训练条件生成对抗网络(cGAN)。使用两个相同类别和入射角的合成图像芯片作为cGAN的输入,其方位角间隔为2度。cGAN预测的图像类型和入射角相同,其方位角对应于两个输入芯片的平分线。使用SAMPLE数据集进行评估以验证图像预测的质量。通过总共100个训练周期,cGAN收敛,在77个周期后达到最佳均方误差(MSE)。结果表明,该方法在自动目标识别(ATR)应用中具有良好的应用前景。
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引用次数: 0
Change Detection for High-Resolution Drone-Borne SAR at High Frequencies - First Results 高分辨率无人机SAR高频变化检测——初步成果
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149798
A. Bekar, M. Antoniou, C. Baker
This paper presents initial results of SAR imaging and change detection for a high-resolution (6×30cm), short-range drone-borne radar system. A novel hybrid approach to change detection is developed using the main SAR system parameters of altitude, look angle, and range to the scene center. These are used to determine the derived change detection sensitivity and to identify and quantify image decorrelation, a basic measure of change detection performance. An overview of the algorithm developed to generate incoherent/coherent change maps is also presented. In order to examine this approach to change detection on a practical basis, a high-resolution 24 GHz drone-borne SAR system is used, for the first time, to demonstrate and quantify performance based on real-world experiments.
本文介绍了高分辨率(6×30cm)近程无人机雷达系统的SAR成像和变化检测的初步结果。提出了一种基于高度、视角和距离等SAR系统主要参数的混合变化检测方法。这些用于确定衍生的变化检测灵敏度,并识别和量化图像去相关,这是变化检测性能的基本度量。本文还概述了用于生成不连贯/连贯变化图的算法。为了在实际基础上检验这种方法的变化检测,首次使用了高分辨率24 GHz无人机机载SAR系统,以基于真实世界的实验来演示和量化性能。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Adaptive Pulse Compression Algorithm for Targets with Straddling 跨界目标鲁棒自适应脉冲压缩算法
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149683
Chen Ning, J. Tian, Shanling Zheng, Biao Zhang, W. Cui
The existing iterative adaptive filtering algorithms based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion can effectively suppress range-Doppler sidelobes of targets and unveil targets in multi-target scenarios. However, these iterative adaptive filtering algorithms suffer from deteriorated performance in the presence of targets with range-Doppler-straddling when using linear frequency modulation (LFM) waveforms. To suppress sidelobes when straddling occurs, this paper presents a robust adaptive pulse compression algorithm based on straddling- robust self-calibration iterative adaptive filtering (SR-SCIAF). The received signal model considering range-Doppler-straddling effects are firstly established and then the SR-SCIAF algorithm is introduced based on the MMSE criterion. During the iterative processing, SR-SCIAF can reduce the modelling mismatch by estimating straddling offsets and compensating the corresponding phase mismatch. Simulation results demonstrate that SR- SCIAF provides good robustness against straddling effects and can effectively suppress range-Doppler sidelobes of targets with straddling in multi-target scenarios.
现有的基于最小均方误差(MMSE)准则的迭代自适应滤波算法可以有效地抑制目标的距离-多普勒副瓣,并在多目标场景下显示目标。然而,当使用线性调频(LFM)波形时,这些迭代自适应滤波算法在距离-多普勒跨越目标存在时,其性能会下降。为了抑制跨界时的副瓣,提出了一种基于跨界鲁棒自校准迭代自适应滤波(SR-SCIAF)的鲁棒自适应脉冲压缩算法。首先建立了考虑距离-多普勒跨界效应的接收信号模型,然后引入基于MMSE准则的SR-SCIAF算法。在迭代处理过程中,SR-SCIAF可以通过估算跨界偏移量和补偿相应的相位失配来减少建模失配。仿真结果表明,SR- SCIAF对跨界效应具有良好的鲁棒性,能够有效抑制跨界目标的距离-多普勒副瓣。
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引用次数: 0
Cooperative Waveforms Design for Distributed Radars in Multiple Blanket Jamming 多覆盖干扰下分布式雷达协同波形设计
Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1109/RadarConf2351548.2023.10149745
Rui Tan, Maosen Liao, Yi Bu, Xianxiang Yu, G. Cui
This paper deals with the suppression of multiple mainlobe blanket jamming for a distributed radar system via an interesting cooperative waveform strategy in frequency domain. Specifically, we consider three sites including one transmitting/receiving site and two transmitting sites with short baseline arrangement. We herein design a narrowband detecting signal with good autocorrelation for the transmitting/receiving site, and desired narrowband deceiving and wideband protecting signals for other two transmitting sites. By doing so, a complex spectrum can be formed when the three signals arrive at the enemy jammers via reasonably controlling the powers and launch timings of the three sites. Thus, the enemy jammers can not identify the real detecting signal resulting in degradation of the jamming efficiency. The numerical simulations are conducted to assess the performance of the proposed method compared with the classic distributed Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) mode and Single-Input Single-Output (SISO) mode.
研究了分布式雷达系统中多主瓣毯状干扰的抑制问题,提出了一种有趣的频域协同波形策略。具体来说,我们考虑三个站点,包括一个发送/接收站点和两个短基线安排的发送站点。本文针对发射/接收站点设计了具有良好自相关的窄带检测信号,对其他两个发射站点设计了窄带欺骗和宽带保护信号。通过合理控制三个站点的功率和发射时间,当三个信号到达敌方干扰机时,可以形成一个复杂的频谱。因此,敌方干扰机无法识别真实的探测信号,导致干扰效率下降。通过数值仿真比较了该方法与经典的分布式多输入多输出(MIMO)模式和单输入单输出(SISO)模式的性能。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2023 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf23)
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