Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Color stability, surface topography, and phase transformation of zirconia fabricated by additive and subtractive manufacturing after exposure to different artificial saliva formulations","authors":"Rafat Sasany DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Sultan Merve Uçar DDS ,&nbsp;Miguel Gómez-Polo DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Marta Revilla-León DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Seyed Ali Mosaddad DDS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>How variations in salivary chemistry affect the long-term stability of additive manufacturing (AM) and subtractive manufacturing (SM) zirconia is unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of different salivary environments on the color stability, surface roughness, and phase transformation of zirconia fabricated by AM and SM.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Disk-shaped specimens (n=160) were fabricated from 4 zirconia materials: 2 AM—AMZ-LI (LithaCon 3Y, produced via lithography-based ceramic manufacturing [LCM]) and AMZ-IN (INNI Cera, produced via digital light processing [DLP])—and 2 SM—SMZ-ST (monolayer Katana ST) and SMZ-ML (multilayer Katana STML). Each material group was divided into 4 subgroups (n=10) based on the aging medium: distilled water (DW), neutral artificial saliva (AS7), acidic artificial saliva (AS4), or enzymatic artificial saliva containing α-amylase (ASE7). Surface roughness (Ra), color change (ΔE₀₀), and phase transformation were assessed. Data were analyzed using a 3-way repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey HSD or Bonferroni post hoc tests (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ra was significantly affected by material type, aging condition, and fabrication method (all <em>P</em>≤.001), with AMZ-LI and SMZ-ML maintaining the lowest Ra values (&lt;0.60 µm) after aging. Color stability was similarly influenced (<em>P</em>&lt;.001), with all groups remaining within clinically acceptable limits (ΔE₀₀≤1.8). AMZ-LI (0.60 ±0.08 in DW; max=1.26) and SMZ-ML (0.84 ±0.05 in DW; max=1.20) showed the highest color stability, while SMZ-ST and AMZ-IN had higher ΔE₀₀ in acidic and enzymatic media. Phase transformation was more pronounced in SM groups (<em>P</em>&lt;.05), with SMZ-ML showing the greatest monoclinic increase, and AMZ-LI exhibiting the highest phase stability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both manufacturing techniques and aging environments significantly affected zirconia’s surface, optical, and phase properties. AMZ-LI showed superior resistance to surface and phase degradation, while AMZ-LI and SMZ-ML exhibited the highest optical stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 157.e1-157.e10"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor regarding, “Dimensional stability and fit of additively manufactured removable dies in dental cast resins with different chemical compositions”","authors":"Fiona Cornelia Arnold Dr med dent ,&nbsp;Mustafa Borga Dönmez DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Hanan Al-Johani BDS, MSD, PG Cert, PhD,&nbsp;Çiğdem Kahveci DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Martin Schimmel Prof Dr med dent,&nbsp;Burak Yilmaz DDS, PhD,&nbsp;Gülce Çakmak DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 201-202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145053768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Custom lingual augmentation prostheses for a patient with dysarthria, dysphagia, and functional deficits following complete glossectomy: A clinical report","authors":"David A. Cruz Walma DPhil, DMD ,&nbsp;Popa Laurentiu DDS ,&nbsp;Kyle Murdock DMD ,&nbsp;Michael T. Kase DMD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.02.039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.02.039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This clinical report describes the treatment of a patient with dysarthria, dysphagia, and functional problems following a complete glossectomy subsequent to squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue. A conventional palatal augmentation prosthesis failed to alleviate the symptoms of dysphagia and dysarthria because of the severely restricted movement of the residual lingual tissues. Two custom lingual prostheses that were interchangeable on a single magnetic base were fabricated to assist the patient with speech and deglutition. The lingual augmentation prostheses improved patient symptoms compared with no prosthesis or the conventional palatal augmentation prosthesis. The psychological benefit of an anatomic lingual prosthesis made the greatest contribution to improving the patient’s quality of life. This report outlines a novel method for improving oral functional and overall quality of life following complete glossectomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 168-172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143764216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor regarding “Dimensional stability and fit of additively manufactured removable dies in dental cast resins with different chemical compositions”","authors":"Yishu Xia MDS,&nbsp;Jianzhi Chen MDS","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.07.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.07.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 199-200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145212916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance comparison of three artificial intelligence models in predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions","authors":"Boxuan Xu DDS ,&nbsp;Yiqing Wang DDS ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Wei-Shao Lin DDS, PhD, MBA ,&nbsp;Jianguo Tan DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Li Chen DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Studies on the esthetic outcomes of soft tissue restoration coloration are lacking. Moreover, the relationship between ceramic powder proportions and their resulting color in gingival-colored restorations lacks investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this in vitro study was to develop and compare 3 artificial intelligence-based systems—Residual Neural Network (ResNet), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP), and Genetic Algorithm-optimized Backpropagation (GA+BP)—for predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions to improve color matching accuracy in restorative dentistry.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A total of 359 specimens were fabricated, including 286 standard and 73 extreme-proportion formulations. CIELab coordinates (L*, a*, b*) were measured using a dental spectrophotometer, and a database was established to correlate each gingival-colored porcelain powder composition with its corresponding CIELab values. Three models (ResNet, MLP, and GA+BP) were developed and evaluated using 5-fold cross-validation, with mean squared error (MSE) as the loss function. Performance metrics, including MSE, mean absolute error (MAE), explained variance, and training time, were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test followed by post hoc Dunn tests with Holm–Bonferroni correction. External validation used 10 new formulations, with ΔE₀₀ compared with perceptibility (&lt;1.1) and acceptability (&lt;2.8) thresholds via <em>t</em> tests or Wilcoxon tests (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ResNet achieved the lowest MSE of 0.0199 ±0.0003, outperforming MLP (0.0211 ±0.0003, <em>P</em>&lt;.01) and GA+BP (0.0213 ±0.0002, <em>P</em>&lt;.001). The model also demonstrated the lowest MAE (0.1069 ±0.0009), significantly lower than GA+BP (0.1086 ±0.0007, <em>P</em>=.002), but not MLP (0.1073 ±0.0004, <em>P</em>=.524). ResNet exhibited the highest explained variance (0.718 ±0.004), surpassing MLP (0.647 ±0.007, <em>P&lt;</em>.05) and GA+BP (0.638 ±0.004, <em>P&lt;</em>.001). GA+BP required the shortest training time (4.80 ±0.25 seconds per fold), less than MLP (5.62 ±0.30 seconds, <em>P&lt;</em>.05) and ResNet (16.74 ±1.89 seconds, <em>P&lt;</em>.001). In external validation, ResNet achieved an average ΔE₀₀ of 1.55 (95% CI: 1.14–1.95), lower than MLP (2.37; 95% CI: 1.72–3.02) and GA+BP (2.13; 95% CI: 1.54–2.72), with no significant difference among models (<em>P</em>&gt;.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ResNet demonstrated the best accuracy in predicting gingival-colored porcelain compositions, as evidenced by the performance metrics. These findings support the use of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven systems, particularly ResNet, to enhance the accuracy and reproducibility of gingival color matching.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 147.e1-147.e8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145175491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term outcomes on direct fiber reinforced composite fixed partial dentures: A 14-year practice-based study","authors":"Andrea Roccuzzo DDS, MAS, PhD ,&nbsp;Philippe Perrin DDS ,&nbsp;Hendrik Meyer-Lueckel DDS, MPH ,&nbsp;Richard Johannes Wierichs DDS, MHBA","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>A single-visit replacement of missing teeth without compromising future treatment options is an attractive solution valued by both patients and clinicians. Direct fiber-reinforced composite fixed partial dentures (DFRC-FPDs) offer a minimally invasive, immediate restorative option. However, clinical studies on DFRC-FPDs, especially those preserving intact enamel on abutment teeth, remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this clinical study was to report the long-term outcomes of DFRC-FPDs from a single-center, practice-based cohort study and to investigate factors influencing their survival and success.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A total of 153 DFRC-FPDs were inserted in 120 patients in a single private practice by 3 restorative dentists. The treatment encompassed either using cavities from existing restorations or direct bonding on intact enamel. The DFRC-FPDs were reinforced with fiber-splints (Everstick C+B). At the latest routine follow-up visit, restoration survival and success were recorded. Multi-level Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the association between clinical factors and time (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Within a mean follow-up period of 82 (range: 2 to 172) months, 18 DFRC-FPDs did not survive (cumulative survival rate: 88%) while additional 43 DFRC-FPDs received a restorative follow-up treatment (cumulative success rate: 60%). The annual failure rate was 1.7% for survival and 7.1% for success, respectively. In the multivariate analysis bruxism (<em>P</em>=.007) and the extensive use of flowable composite resin (CeramX+SDR Flow versus ELS, <em>P</em>=.015) were significant predictors for reduced success. Similarly, location (molars versus incisors or canines, <em>P</em>=.002) and the extensive use of flowable composite resin (CeramX+SDR Flow versus ELS, <em>P</em>=.015) significantly negatively influenced survival. The presence of proximal cavities did not significantly affect survival or success (<em>P</em>≥.593).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>For DFRC-FPDs, high survival and moderate success were observed after up to 14 years. DFRC-FPDs represent an immediate, long-term treatment option for replacing up to 2 missing teeth with no or minimal tooth preparation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 66.e1-66.e8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145058698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A digital workflow for a custom osteotomy guide for alveolar ridge splitting using an ultrasonic osteotome","authors":"Xin Feng DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Ziqianhong Wan DDS, MSc ,&nbsp;Xueqi Gan DDS, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Zhuoli Zhu DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.02.034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.02.034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A digital method of designing a patient-specific osteotomy guide for an ultrasonic osteotome used for alveolar ridge splitting is described. The cutting paths are planned based on the ideal restoration and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and then transferred to surgery by the osteotomy guide. Detachable lateral guides and longitudinal guide planes enable the required bone plate formation. This approach enhances accuracy, safety, and customization in alveolar ridge splitting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 54-59"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readability and performance of AI chatbot responses to frequently asked questions in maxillofacial prosthodontics","authors":"Soni Prasad BDS, MS, MBA ,&nbsp;Merve Koseoglu DDS ,&nbsp;Stavroula Antonopoulou DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Leila M. Sears DMD, MDS ,&nbsp;Vinsensia Launardo DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Nina Ariani DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Nadine Ziad Mirza DDS, MDSc ,&nbsp;Amanda Colebeck DDS, MS ,&nbsp;Banu Karayazgan DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Maribeth Krzesinski DDS ,&nbsp;Alvin G. Wee DDS, BDS, MS, MPH, PhD ,&nbsp;Cortino Sukotjo DDS, PhD, MMSc, MHPE","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Patients seeking information about maxillofacial prosthodontic care increasingly turn to artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots for guidance. However, the readability, accuracy, and clarity of these AI-generated responses have not been adequately evaluated within the context of maxillofacial prosthodontics.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the readability and performance of chatbot-generated responses to frequently asked questions about intraoral and extraoral maxillofacial prosthodontics.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>A total of 20 frequently asked intraoral and extraoral questions were collected from 7 maxillofacial prosthodontists. These questions were submitted to 4 AI chatbots: ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, and DeepSeek. A total of 80 responses were evaluated. Readability was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL). Seven maxillofacial prosthodontists were calibrated to score the chatbot responses on 5 domains, relevance, clarity, depth, focus, and coherence, using a 5-point scale. The obtained data were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey tests, Pearson correlation analyses, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FKGL scores differed significantly among chatbots (<em>P</em>=.002). DeepSeek had the lowest FKGL, indicating better readability, while ChatGPT had the highest. Word counts, relevance, clarity, content depth, focus, and coherence varied significantly among platforms (<em>P</em>&lt;.005). ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek consistently scored higher, while Copilot had the lowest scores across all domains. For questions on intraoral prostheses, FKGL scores negatively correlated with word count (<em>P</em>=.013). For questions on extraoral prostheses, word count positively correlated with all qualitative metrics except for FKGL (<em>P</em>&lt;.005).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Significant differences were found in both readability and response quality among commonly used AI chatbots. Although the DeepSeek and ChatGPT platforms produced higher-quality content, none consistently met health literacy guidelines. Clinician oversight is essential when using AI-generated materials to answer frequently asked questions by patients requiring maxillofacial prosthodontic care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 195.e1-195.e9"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145181989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fracture strength of additively manufactured implant-supported resin-based crowns on polyetheretherketone and titanium abutments","authors":"Doğu Ömür Dede DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Mustafa Borga Dönmez DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Gülce Çakmak Dr med dent, DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Ahmet Serkan Küçükekenci DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Burak Yilmaz DDS, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Implant-supported crowns can be fabricated using additive (AM) or subtractive manufacturing (SM) with resin-based materials. However, their fracture strength on different implant abutments remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the fracture strength (FS) and failure modes of AM interim crowns cemented on polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or titanium (Ti) abutments and compare them with SM crowns.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Sixty-four implant-supported crowns were fabricated from 3 AM resins (Crowntec [AM_CT], FREEPRINT temp [AM_FP], Varseosmile Crown Plus [AM_VS]) and one SM resin (M-PM Disc [SM_MPM]) (<em>N</em>=16). The crowns were cemented on 1-piece PEEK or Ti abutments (<em>n</em>=8) using dual-polymerizing self-adhesive resin cement after standardized surface treatments. All specimens were subjected to thermomechanical aging (5000 thermal cycles, 250 000 cycles at 49 N, 1.7 Hz) followed by FS testing. Failures were classified as repairable crown crack or fracture, catastrophic crown fracture without abutment damage, abutment distortion without crown damage, or crown and abutment damage. One-way analysis of variance with Tukey test and chi-squared test were used for statistical analysis (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All specimens survived cyclic loading. While Ti-supported crowns fractured consistently through catastrophic crown failure without abutment damage, most PEEK-supported crowns exhibited inconsistent failure patterns involving abutment distortion or combined crown-abutment damage. Only 6 crowns on PEEK abutments (4 AM_CT and 2 AM_FP) failed without abutment damage, making statistical comparison unreliable. Therefore, PEEK-supported crowns were excluded from statistical analysis. Among Ti groups, SM_MPM crowns demonstrated the highest FS, followed by AM_CT, while AM_FP and AM_VS showed significantly lower FS values (<em>P</em>≤.003). The distribution of failure modes differed significantly among crown materials, abutment types, and their combinations (<em>P</em>≤.014).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Crowns on Ti abutments fractured without abutment damage, with SM_MPM resulting in the highest FS, followed by AM_CT. In contrast, most PEEK-supported crowns exhibited abutment distortion without crown damage or simultaneous crown and abutment damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 106.e1-106.e8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145113530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing bonding and durability of polyaryletherketone (PAEK) restorations with nonthermal plasma activation and monomer-based priming","authors":"Szu-Yu Lai CDT, BS ,&nbsp;Chenxuan Wei DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Tzu-Yu Peng CDT, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prosdent.2025.08.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>While valued for their durability in dental prosthetics, polyaryletherketone (PAEK) materials, known for their chemical inertness and low surface energy, pose significant challenges in achieving durable adhesion to resin cements, a critical factor for the long-term success of dental restorations.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study evaluates the novel application of a methyl methacrylate-urethane dimethacrylate (MMA-UDMA) bonding primer following handheld nonthermal plasma (HNP) treatment to enhance the bonding performance and aging durability of PAEK materials with varying microfiller compositions, addressing the persistent challenge of achieving long-term adhesion in dental restorations.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Three PAEK types, ceramic-filled polyetheretherketone (PEEK), titanium dioxide-filled polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), and PEEK with disk shape (Ø10×2.5-mm) were airborne-particle abraded using 110-µm Al₂O₃ at 0.2 MPa. Specimens were then evenly allocated into 2 main groups: one group received surface bonding primer (SBP) application alone, while the other group underwent HNP treatment followed by primer application (PLP). Surface wettability and shear bond strength (SBS) were assessed before and after artificial aging protocols, which included thermocycling and highly accelerated stress testing. Failure modes were analyzed microscopically to identify adhesive, mixed, or cohesive failures. Statistical analysis was performed using 3-way ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test (α=.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PLP-treated groups showed significantly improved wettability and increased SBS across all materials compared with SBP (<em>P</em>&lt;.05), with the PLP-treated PEKK achieving the highest SBS at 16.35 MPa. After artificial aging, PLP-treated specimens revealed minimal reduction in SBS, with PEKK maintaining superior performance and the smallest decrease observed compared with others (<em>P</em>&lt;.05). Failure mode analysis indicated a higher incidence of mixed failures for PLP-treated specimens, suggesting enhanced bond durability. Statistical analysis confirmed that differences across material types and treatments were significant (<em>P</em>&lt;.05), highlighting the effectiveness of the HNP and primer application in improving long-term adhesion.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HNP treatment followed by MMA-UDMA primer application significantly improved the bonding performance and durability of PAEK materials used in dental prostheses. The current findings indicated that this method addressed the persistent challenge of achieving long-term adhesion, particularly in materials with high ketone content.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16866,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry","volume":"135 1","pages":"Pages 166.e1-166.e8"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145033605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}