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Effects of a Rearing Dietary Protein Regimen on Productive Performance, Egg Quality, and Bone Quality of Laying Hens. 饲粮蛋白质方案对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质和骨品质的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220042
Cecilia T Oluwabiyi, Jingpeng Zhao, Hongchao Jiao, Xiaojuan Wang, Haifang Li, Yunlei Zhou, Hai Lin

The pullet phase is an important stage in the development of laying hens when the development of organs, including reproductive organs and bones, is rapid. However, in recent years, few studies have focused on this crucial stage. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary crude protein (CP) regimen during the rearing period (9-21 weeks (wks) of age) on pullet development and the subsequent performance, egg quality, and bone quality of Hy-Line Brown laying hens. A total of 256 pullets were randomly assigned to two treatments. Each treatment was replicated eight times with 16 pullets per replicate (n=8), which were fed ad libitum using either of the two CP regimens: (1) 14%-18% CP (fed with 14% and 18% CP from 9-17 wks and 18-21 wks, respectively); (2) 16% CP (fed with 16% CP from 9-21 wks of age). At 21 wks of age, eight birds per treatment were randomly selected to evaluate body composition and ovarian development. For quality analysis, eggs were collected at 28, 32, 36, and 70 wks. At 70 wks of age, eight hens per treatment were selected to evaluate bone quality. There were no treatment differences in pullet performance, body composition, and ovarian development at 21 wks. The dietary CP regimen during the rearing period (9-21 wks) did not influence laying performance during the laying period. There were no treatment differences in tibial and femoral quality at 70 wks. Egg quality results showed an inconsistent trend. It was concluded that the pullets fed with the low CP grower diet (14%) during the pullet period and a high CP pre-lay diet (18%) from 18-21 wks of age developed properly and had satisfactory laying performance. However, the rearing diet did not enhance bone quality.

小鸡期是蛋鸡发育的一个重要阶段,包括生殖器官和骨骼在内的器官发育迅速。然而,近年来,很少有研究关注这一关键阶段。本试验旨在评价饲养期(9 ~ 21周龄)饲粮粗蛋白质(CP)方案对海兰褐蛋鸡幼雏发育及后续生产性能、蛋品质和骨品质的影响。共有256只幼崽被随机分为两组。每个处理重复8次,每个重复16只仔鸡(n=8),使用两种CP方案任意饲喂:(1)14% ~ 18% CP(分别于9-17周和18-21周饲喂14%和18% CP);(2) 16% CP(9 ~ 21周龄饲喂16% CP)。在21周龄时,每个处理随机选择8只鸡,评估其身体组成和卵巢发育情况。在28、32、36和70周采集卵子进行质量分析。70周龄时,每组8只鸡进行骨质量评价。在第21周时,各组在小鸡性能、体成分和卵巢发育方面没有差异。饲养期(9 ~ 21周)饲粮CP方案对产蛋期产蛋率无显著影响。在70周时,胫骨和股骨质量没有治疗差异。鸡蛋品质结果呈现出不一致的趋势。综上所述,在产蛋期饲喂低CP生长饲粮(14%)和18 ~ 21周龄饲喂高CP产蛋前饲粮(18%)的蛋鸡发育正常,产蛋性能满意。然而,饲养饲粮没有提高骨质量。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Oxygen Gas Injection on the Subsequent Development of Chick Embryos in a Shell-Less Culture System. 注氧对无壳培养体系中鸡胚后续发育的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220031
Katsuya Obara, Chizuka Obara Henmi, Mitsuru Naito, Ikki Mitsui, Yumi Une, Atsushi Asano, Atsushi Tajima

The effects of oxygen gas injection starting on day 17 of incubation (D17) in a chick shell-less culture system (cSLC) on the subsequent embryo development were examined on day 19 of incubation (D19). On D19 of cSLC, the plasma phosphorus and total cholesterol concentrations of the embryos were significantly higher (P<0.05), while the plasma calcium concentrations were significantly lower (P<0.05) than those in the intact control (IC) group. However, no significant differences in embryo viability and other major blood component levels were observed among the experimental groups (P>0.05). The percutaneous oxygen saturation was lower in D17-cSLC embryos before oxygen gas supplementation than in the IC (P<0.05) embryos. Severe renal tubular degeneration of the metanephros was observed in D19-cSLC embryos despite oxygen gas injection starting from D17. These results indicate that D19-cSLC embryos are hypoxia even after injecting oxygen gas starting on D17.

在鸡无壳培养体系(cSLC)中,于孵育第17天(D17)开始注射氧气,并于孵育第19天(D19)观察其对后续胚胎发育的影响。在cSLC第19天,胚胎血浆磷和总胆固醇浓度显著升高(PPP>0.05)。补氧前D17-cSLC胚胎的经皮氧饱和度较补氧前低
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引用次数: 0
Connexin 43 is Localized in Gizzard Smooth Muscle Cells during Chicken Development. 连接蛋白43在鸡发育过程中定位于砂囊平滑肌细胞。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220003
Kosuke Tokunaga, Shota Akimoto, Machiko Aiba, Mutsuki Nakagomi, Takahiro Suzuki, Ryuichi Tatsumi, Mako Nakamura

Smooth muscle cells are widely distributed in the digestive organs of chickens. They exist as single cells, but adhere to each other to function synchronously. In this study, the expression of the gap junction protein connexin 43 (Cx43) in chicken gizzards was investigated at embryonic days (E) 10, E15, and E18. Gizzards have an abundance of smooth muscle cells because of their thick muscle layers, which enable easy analysis of the cells. Morphological observations and expression patterns of smooth muscle markers were confirmed. Next, we observed where the markers were localized in the gizzard tissue at E10, E15, and E18. Finally, the expression pattern of Cx43 in primary cultured smooth muscle cells from E15 gizzards was investigated. The analysis revealed the expression and localization of Cx43 and calponin 1 in the smooth muscle layers, and 3D analysis revealed dynamic changes in the localization pattern of Cx43 from E10 to E15. Cultured smooth muscle cells confirmed that Cx43 was expressed in the cell membrane and cytosol. In conclusion, Cx43 expression was identified in chicken gizzards at E10, E15, and E18, which was localized differently during development. The expression was broad at E10, and became restricted at E15 and E18. Primary culture of smooth muscle cells showed that Cx43 was present in the cell membrane and cytosol. This suggests that Cx43 is actively translated into the cytosol at E10, forming a hexamer, and shuttling the cell membrane to function as a gap junction.

平滑肌细胞广泛分布于鸡的消化器官中。它们以单细胞的形式存在,但相互结合以同步发挥作用。本研究研究了鸡胚期(E) 10、E15和E18时鸡胗中间隙连接蛋白连接蛋白43 (Cx43)的表达。砂囊有大量的平滑肌细胞,因为它们的肌肉层很厚,可以很容易地分析细胞。确认了平滑肌标记物的形态学观察和表达模式。接下来,我们观察了标记在E10, E15和E18的砂囊组织中的定位。最后,研究了Cx43在原代培养的E15砂囊平滑肌细胞中的表达规律。分析揭示了Cx43和calponin 1在平滑肌层的表达和定位,3D分析揭示了Cx43在E10 ~ E15的定位模式的动态变化。培养的平滑肌细胞证实Cx43在细胞膜和胞浆中表达。综上所述,Cx43在鸡胗E10、E15和E18位点均有表达,但在发育过程中定位不同。在E10表达广泛,在E15和E18表达受限。平滑肌细胞原代培养表明,Cx43存在于细胞膜和细胞质中。这表明Cx43在E10被主动翻译到细胞质中,形成六聚体,并穿梭于细胞膜中作为间隙连接。
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引用次数: 1
Conditioned Taste Aversion to L-Amino Acid Taste Stimuli and Oral Transcriptional Changes to Type 1 Taste Receptors T1R1 and T1R3 on Chronic Exposure to L-Alanine Solution in Chickens. 慢性暴露于l -丙氨酸溶液的鸡对l -氨基酸味觉刺激的条件性味觉厌恶及1型味觉受体T1R1和T1R3的口腔转录变化
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0210128
Yuta Yoshida, Ryota Tanaka, Shu Fujishiro, Shotaro Nishimura, Shoji Tabata, Fuminori Kawabata

Elucidating taste sensing systems in chickens is an important step toward understanding poultry nutrition. Amino acid taste receptors, type 1 taste receptors 1 and 3 (T1R1 and T1R3, respectively), are expressed in chicken taste cells, and chicken T1R1/T1R3 is activated by L-alanine (L-Ala) and L-serine (L-Ser), but not by L-proline (L-Pro). However, it is not clear whether chickens have a gustatory perception of L-amino acids. Here, we found that chickens conditioned to avoid either L-Ala, L-Ser, or L-Pro solutions could successfully learn to avoid the corresponding L-amino acid solution in the conditioned taste aversion (CTA) test. Because CTA is a well-established learning paradigm generated specifically by pairing gustatory perception and gastrointestinal malaise, the present study suggests that chickens can sense L-amino acids by gustatory perception. In addition, we found that the expression of the T1R1 and T1R3 genes was significantly downregulated in response to chronic exposure to L-Ala solution, but not to acute oral stimulation. Taken together, the present study suggests that chickens have a gustatory perception of L-amino acids, and the expression of T1R1/T1R3 mRNAs in the oral cavity can be regulated by L-amino acid intake. Since chickens can detect L-Pro solutions, additional amino acid receptors, other than T1R1/T1R3, may be involved in L-amino acid taste detection in chickens.

阐明鸡的味觉感知系统是了解家禽营养的重要一步。鸡味觉细胞中表达1型氨基酸味觉受体1和1型味觉受体3(分别为T1R1和T1R3),鸡T1R1/T1R3被l -丙氨酸(L-Ala)和l -丝氨酸(L-Ser)激活,而l -脯氨酸(L-Pro)不激活。然而,目前尚不清楚鸡是否对l -氨基酸有味觉感知。本研究发现,条件反射避免L-Ala、L-Ser或L-Pro溶液的鸡在条件反射味觉厌恶(CTA)测试中可以成功地学会避免相应的l -氨基酸溶液。由于CTA是一种成熟的学习范式,它是由味觉感知和胃肠道不适相结合而产生的,因此本研究表明鸡可以通过味觉感知l-氨基酸。此外,我们发现T1R1和T1R3基因的表达在长期暴露于L-Ala溶液时显著下调,而在急性口服刺激时则不下调。综上所述,本研究提示鸡对l -氨基酸具有味觉感知能力,并且l -氨基酸的摄入可以调节口腔中T1R1/T1R3 mrna的表达。由于鸡可以检测L-Pro溶液,除了T1R1/T1R3之外,可能还有其他氨基酸受体参与鸡的l -氨基酸味道检测。
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引用次数: 2
Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis. 鸡胚发生末期催乳素释放的调控。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220023
Norio Kansaku, Shin Wakui, Tomohiro Sasanami, Takeshi Ohkubo

Difference of onset of increase of PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland and plasma PRL concentration during the late stage of chicken embryogenesis is well known. To investigate the disagreement, changes in PRL content and PRL mRNA levels, and the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptides (VIP) on PRL release and PRL mRNA expression were examined using western blot analysis and real-time PCR quantification. Changes in SPRL content were strongly correlated with PRL mRNA levels. The increase in PRL content on day 17 of incubation may be caused by the increase in PRL mRNA levels on day 16 of incubation. Additionally, the effects of VIP on PRL release from the embryonic anterior pituitary gland were not observed until day 18 of embryogenesis. These results suggest that increased levels of PRL mRNA and PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland are closely correlated. However, the increased expression of PRL mRNA observed on day 17 and the initiation of PRL release from the anterior pituitary gland on day 19 were differentially regulated. According to the results of western blot analysis, the proportion of glycosylated PRL (G-PRL) and non-glycosylated PRL (NG-PRL) in the anterior pituitary gland at the end stage of development differed from the proportion of PRL released from the anterior pituitary gland. According to the results of two-dimensional western blot analysis, no isoforms with different isoelectric points were detected in the culture medium on days 19 and 20. These data suggest that the peptide chains of G-PRL and NG-PRL were not modified. In conclusion, the differentiation of PRL-producing cells and the maturation of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland were completed at the end stage of incubation, and that different factors regulated the initiation of PRL mRNA expression before day 18 of incubation.

鸡胚发生后期垂体前叶PRL含量升高的起始时间和血浆PRL浓度的差异是已知的。为了研究这种差异,我们采用western blot和real-time PCR方法检测了PRL含量和PRL mRNA水平的变化,以及血管活性肠多肽(VIP)对PRL释放和PRL mRNA表达的影响。PRL含量的变化与PRL mRNA的表达水平密切相关。第17天PRL含量升高可能是由于第16天PRL mRNA水平升高所致。此外,直到胚胎发生第18天,才观察到VIP对胚胎垂体前腺PRL释放的影响。提示垂体前叶PRL mRNA水平升高与PRL含量密切相关。然而,在第17天观察到PRL mRNA的表达增加和第19天开始从垂体前叶释放PRL受到差异调节。western blot分析结果显示,发育末期垂体前叶中糖基化PRL (G-PRL)和非糖基化PRL (NG-PRL)的比例与垂体前叶释放的PRL的比例不同。二维western blot分析结果显示,第19天和第20天培养液中未检测到具有不同等电点的同种异构体。这些数据表明G-PRL和NG-PRL的肽链没有被修饰。综上所述,PRL产生细胞的分化及下丘脑和垂体前叶的成熟在孵育末期完成,PRL mRNA的表达在孵育第18天前受到不同因素的调控。
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引用次数: 2
Repression Effects of Hydrolysates from Hen-Egg Proteins on Amyloid Fibril Formation. 鸡蛋蛋白水解物对淀粉样纤维形成的抑制作用。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220038
Yukiko Muroi, Izumi Aburaya, Takuro Shima, Mitsuharu Matsumoto, Ryo Sasahara, Takahisa Suzuki, Keiichi Watanabe, Koji Wada, Yasushi Sugimoto

Amyloid fibrils, which are formed from aggregates of aberrant proteins, can cause various forms of amyloidosis (including Alzheimer's disease). Such disorders often occur in elderly populations and are suspected to be lifestyle related. Thus, it has been speculated that some foodstuffs could be beneficial for preventing amyloidosis. In this study, we determine whether fibril formation by the hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) could be inhibited by conducting a thioflavin T assay followed by fluorescence and electron microscopy observations. The results demonstrated that four peptide specimens prepared by the hydrolysis of crude proteins from the egg white, egg yolk, chalazae, and eggshell membrane of hen eggs effectively inhibited HEWL fibril formation. Among the four specimens, peptides from chalazae exhibited the highest preventive ability. The superiority of chalaza peptides was also observed when fibril formation was assayed using a full-length human lysozyme and human amyloid β peptide 1-42, which is the key factor for the development of Alzheimer's disease. Our study of the fibrillization of the human lysozyme also showed that metal ions (Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Mn2+ and Al3+) promoted fibrillization, and their effects were abolished by the peptide specimens (especially by chalaza peptides). Thus, we conclude that chicken-egg proteins could be a convenient source of therapeutic materials for amyloidosis.

淀粉样蛋白原纤维由异常蛋白聚集形成,可引起各种形式的淀粉样变性(包括阿尔茨海默病)。这类疾病常发生在老年人群中,怀疑与生活方式有关。因此,有人推测某些食物可能对预防淀粉样变有益。在这项研究中,我们通过进行硫黄素T测定,然后进行荧光和电镜观察,来确定鸡蛋白溶菌酶(HEWL)的纤维形成是否可以被抑制。结果表明,蛋清、蛋黄、chalazae和蛋壳膜粗蛋白水解制备的4种多肽样品能有效抑制hel纤维的形成。在4个样品中,chalazae的多肽具有最高的预防能力。当使用全长人溶菌酶和人淀粉样蛋白β肽1-42检测纤维形成时,也观察到chalaza肽的优越性,后者是阿尔茨海默病发展的关键因素。我们对人溶菌酶成纤维的研究也表明,金属离子(Zn2+, Ca2+, Co2+, Mn2+和Al3+)促进了成纤维,而它们的作用被肽样品(尤其是chalaza肽)所消除。因此,我们得出结论,鸡蛋蛋白可能是淀粉样变性治疗材料的便利来源。
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引用次数: 0
Immune Response in Chickens Vaccinated with Freeze-Thawed or Warmed Water-in-Oil Vaccine. 冻融或温水油浸疫苗接种鸡的免疫反应。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220029
Takeshi Kawasaki, Tomohito Iwasaki, Takafumi Watanabe, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Marina Hosotani, Michi Yamada

This study investigated whether freezing or warming water-in-oil (W/O) vaccines affected the immune responses of chickens. One of the conditions affecting the efficacy of commercially available animal vaccines is the storage temperature range. Previous studies have shown that the properties of some inactivated vaccines change owing to freezing, leading to reduced immune responsiveness after inoculation. In this study, we first determined the freezing temperatures of a commercial W/O vaccine using freezers maintained at -10, -13, -15, and -20°C. The results showed that the W/O vaccine froze from -10 to -12°C. Next, we evaluated the effect on antibody level transitions (sample-to-positive ratio) in 46-day-old broiler chickens vaccinated with the W/O vaccine that was maintained at -20°C, 5°C, and -10°C, in that order. In addition, the effect on antibody value transitions was evaluated in 45-day-old broiler chickens vaccinated with the W/O vaccines that were frozen and thawed between -20°C and 5°C repeatedly or warmed to 45°C. In these experiments, no remarkable effect of the freeze-thawing or warming treatments on antibody value transitions was observed. These results suggested that the efficacy of the W/O vaccine was not significantly affected when placed in a frozen environment or left in a room temperature environment of 42°C or lower for approximately 5 d. These data indicate the possibility of expanding the temperature range for handling W/O vaccines.

本研究考察了冷冻或加热油包水(W/O)疫苗是否会影响鸡的免疫反应。影响市售动物疫苗效力的条件之一是储存温度范围。以往的研究表明,某些灭活疫苗的性质因冷冻而发生变化,导致接种后免疫反应性降低。在这项研究中,我们首先使用保持在-10、-13、-15和-20°C的冰柜确定了商用W/O疫苗的冷冻温度。结果表明,W/O疫苗在-10 ~ -12℃冻结。接下来,我们评估了接种W/O疫苗的46日龄肉鸡在-20°C、5°C和-10°C环境下抗体水平转变(样本阳性比)的影响。此外,对接种了W/O疫苗的45日龄肉鸡,在-20°C ~ 5°C之间反复冻融或加热至45°C,评估了其对抗体值转换的影响。在这些实验中,没有观察到冻融或加热处理对抗体值转变的显著影响。这些结果表明,将W/O疫苗置于冷冻环境或在42°C或更低的室温环境中放置约5天,对其效力没有明显影响。这些数据表明,有可能扩大处理W/O疫苗的温度范围。
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引用次数: 0
Complete Mitochondrial Genome Analysis Clarifies the Enigmatic Origin of Haplogroup D in Japanese Native Chickens. 完整的线粒体基因组分析澄清了日本土鸡单倍群 D 的神秘起源。
IF 1.8 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220027
Takahiro Yonezawa, Masahide Nishibori, Yoshio Yamamoto, Takeshi Sasaki, Kohei Kudo, Hiroshi Ogawa, Hideki Endo, Fumihito Akishinonomiya

Japanese native chickens (JNCs) comprise approximately 50 breeds, making Japan a diversity hotspot for native chicken breeds. JNCs were established through the repeated introduction of chickens from foreign countries. Jidori, which is the generic name of JNC breeds whose ancestral morphology resembles that of their wild progenitor (red junglefowls), is generally thought to have propagated from north East Asia (Korea and north China) to ancient Japan. However, mitochondrial haplogroup D, which is abundant in Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) as well as the Pacific but relatively rare in other regions, can be observed in some Jidori breeds (e.g., Tosa-Jidori, Tokuji-Jidori) with high frequency, leading to speculation that chickens from ISEA or the Pacific also contributed genetically to JNCs. To test this hypothesis, we sequenced the mitochondrial genomes of Jidori breeds and conducted phylogeographic analysis. Our results indicate that the JNC Haplogroup D belongs to Sub-haplogroup D2, which is currently only observed in Xinjiang, northwest China, and not to Sub-haplogroup D1, which is widely distributed in the ISEA-Pacific region. The other mitochondrial haplogroups of Jidori examined in this study also showed affinity to those of chickens native to north East Asia. Therefore, our findings support the north East Asian origin hypothesis for Jidori.

日本本土鸡(JNC)约有 50 个品种,使日本成为本土鸡品种多样化的热点地区。JNC 是通过反复从外国引进鸡而建立起来的。Jidori是JNC品种的总称,其祖先形态与其野生祖先(红色丛林鸡)相似,一般认为Jidori是从东北亚(朝鲜和中国北部)传播到古代日本的。然而,线粒体单倍群 D 在东南亚岛国(ISEA)和太平洋地区大量存在,而在其他地区则相对罕见。为了验证这一假设,我们对 Jidori 品种的线粒体基因组进行了测序,并进行了系统地理学分析。结果表明,JNC单倍群D属于D2亚单倍群,而D1亚单倍群广泛分布于ISEA-太平洋地区。本研究中检测的吉多里鸡的其他线粒体单倍群也与原产于东北亚的鸡的线粒体单倍群有亲缘关系。因此,我们的研究结果支持 "鸡 "起源于东北亚的假说。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Hypothalamic Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad Signaling in Feeding Regulation in Chickens. 下丘脑转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)/Smad信号在鸡饲养调节中的作用
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0220040
Takaoki Saneyasu, Miku Ueda, Kanami Nagata, Jiawei Chai, Kazuhisa Honda, Hiroshi Kamisoyama

Previous studies in mammalian obesity models have suggested that central transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) controls the gene expression of appetite-regulating neuropeptides and peripheral energy metabolism. In the present study, we investigated the possible involvement of central TGF-β/Smad signaling in feeding regulation in chickens. Central administration of TGF-β1 resulted in phosphorylation of Smad2 in the hypothalamus of chicks and suppressed feed intake without changing the gene expression of hypothalamic appetite-regulating neuropeptides (neuropeptide Y, agouti-related protein, proopiomelanocortin, and corticotropin-releasing factor). However, neither fasting nor refeeding induced the phosphorylation of hypothalamic Smad2. These findings suggest that the activation of hypothalamic TGF-β/Smad signaling suppresses feed intake in chicks but it might not occur in response to feeding status.

先前在哺乳动物肥胖模型中的研究表明,中枢转化生长因子-β (TGF-β)控制食欲调节神经肽的基因表达和外周能量代谢。在本研究中,我们研究了中枢TGF-β/Smad信号在鸡饲养调节中的可能参与。中央给药TGF-β1导致鸡下丘脑Smad2磷酸化,抑制采食量,但不改变下丘脑食欲调节神经肽(神经肽Y、豚鼠相关蛋白、促黑素原、促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子)的基因表达。然而,禁食和再喂养均未引起下丘脑Smad2的磷酸化。这些发现表明,下丘脑TGF-β/Smad信号的激活抑制了雏鸡的采食量,但可能不是对饲喂状态的反应。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Growth-Related Genes on Body Measurement Traits in Wenshang Barred Chickens. 生长相关基因对文上条鸡体测量性状的影响。
IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2022-10-25 DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.0210138
Cheng Yang, Jun Teng, Chao Ning, Wenwen Wang, Shuai Liu, Qin Zhang, Dan Wang, Hui Tang

Body measurement traits (BMTs), which are classical quantitative traits of vital responses to body growth, have been studied in pigs, cattle, and sheep for several decades. In chickens, BMTs mainly cover body slope length, keel length, chest width, chest depth, tibia length, and tibia diameter; however, their genetic markers are yet to be considered. In this study, the Wenshang Barred chicken, a meat-egg-type native breed in China, was used to investigate the association between BMTs and the expression of growth-related genes, including GH, IGF1, IGF2, GHRL, IGF1R, IGFBP2, GHF-1, and TSHB. The results revealed that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs3138025 in GH was significantly associated with keel length (P=0.0455 <0.05), rs313810945 in IGF2 was significantly correlated with chest width (P=0.0454 <0.05) and chest depth (P=0.0259 <0.05), and rs317298536 in TSHB significantly affected chest depth (P=0.0399 <0.05). The SNPs were associated with traits reflecting body size and were potentially involved in bone growth, which was consistent with studies in humans, rodents, and other vertebrate species. In addition, a borderline significant association was found between rs317298536 and body weight (P=0.0604). These polymorphic sites may be treated as candidate genetic markers in breeding programs involving Wenshang Barred chickens.

身体测量性状(BMTs)是对身体生长的重要反应的经典数量性状,已经在猪、牛和羊身上进行了几十年的研究。鸡主要包括体坡长、龙骨长、胸宽、胸深、胫骨长、胫骨直径;然而,他们的遗传标记还没有被考虑。本研究以中国肉蛋型地方品种文上杠鸡为研究对象,研究了BMTs与生长相关基因(GH、IGF1、IGF2、GHRL、IGF1R、IGFBP2、GHF-1和TSHB)表达的关系。结果显示,GH中单核苷酸多态性(SNP) rs3138025与龙骨长度显著相关(P=0.0455), IGF2与胸宽显著相关(P=0.0454 P=0.0259), TSHB显著影响胸深(P=0.0399 P=0.0604)。这些多态性位点可作为汶上白斑鸡育种计划的候选遗传标记。
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引用次数: 1
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Journal of Poultry Science
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