Journal of Pragmatics最新文献

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The generic use of the 1st-person singular ich ‘I’ in German oncological consultations: Managing demonstrated and anticipated trouble 第一人称单数“我”在德国肿瘤会诊中的通用用法：管理已证明的和预期的麻烦

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.014

Dominic Hendricks

This article explores the interactional functions of the generic use of 1st-person singular ich ‘I’ in German oncological consultations. In these highly sensitive interactions, various types of trouble arise that doctors have to manage. In this context, trouble can refer to patient resistance to treatment recommendations, whether active or passive, as well as various forms of conduct that impinge upon the progressivity of the ongoing interaction. Following a review of the existing, albeit limited, research on generic uses of the 1st-person singular, I show how doctors employ generically used ich when managing these troubles in situ. Specifically, doctors either retrospectively address displayed trouble, for example, by accounting for their original treatment recommendation, or prospectively endeavor to pre-empt anticipated trouble on the part of their patients. Thus, the generic use of ich is closely related to the specific contingencies and affordances of oncological consultations. I argue that the generic use of ich provides a more involved and vivid reference form in contrast to the default German generic pronoun man ‘one’. This is due to its speaker-deictic semantic core, which leaves a trace of subjectivity within an otherwise generic scenario. However, the boundaries between a generic and a deictic interpretation remain fuzzy.

本文探讨了德国肿瘤会诊中第一人称单数“I”的通用用法的交互功能。在这些高度敏感的相互作用中，医生必须处理各种各样的问题。在这种情况下，麻烦可以指患者对治疗建议的抵抗，无论是主动的还是被动的，以及各种形式的影响正在进行的相互作用的进步性的行为。在回顾了现有的，尽管有限的，关于第一人称单数的通用用法的研究之后，我展示了医生如何在现场处理这些麻烦时使用通用的ich。具体来说，医生要么回顾性地处理显示的麻烦，例如，通过解释他们最初的治疗建议，要么前瞻性地努力预防患者预期的麻烦。因此，ich的一般使用与肿瘤会诊的具体突发事件和负担密切相关。我认为ich的一般用法提供了一种更复杂和生动的参考形式，而不是默认的德语一般代词man ‘ one ’。这是由于它的说话人指示语义核心，这在一个一般的场景中留下了主观性的痕迹。然而，一般解释和指示解释之间的界限仍然模糊。

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引用次数: 0

“You wanna flirt?” – “Let's flirt”: A corpus-based analysis of flirting “你想调情吗？”-“让我们调情”：一个基于语料库的调情分析

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.11.005

Lena Scharrer, Michelle Weckermann

Flirting is thus far linguistically under-researched. What makes it an intriguing phenomenon to investigate is that it seems to have no fixed form but a clear function. This article hence aims to fill the existing research gap by investigating flirting in the US dating show Love is Blind. The TV format is marked by the contestants not having visual contact in the early stages of the dating process and its focus on promoting marriage as an outcome of the show. In contrast to previous research, this corpus-driven study utilises a top-down approach and manual data coding in order to get an, if possible, all-encompassing picture of this practise. We furthermore present a comprehensive definition of flirting, highlighting playful transgression as a key feature. In our analysis we found that contestants make use of six vehicles to signal sexual and/or romantic interest, among these, sexual innuendo, self-praise and imagined future. While there are differences in the amount of the vehicles used by women and men, there seems to be no normative restriction in usage, meaning that both men and women use all six vehicles.

到目前为止，调情在语言学上还没有得到充分研究。它之所以成为一个有趣的现象，是因为它似乎没有固定的形式，但有一个明确的功能。因此，本文旨在通过调查美国相亲节目《爱是盲目的》中的调情现象来填补现有的研究空白。这种电视模式的特点是选手在约会的早期阶段没有视觉接触，它把重点放在促进婚姻上，以此作为节目的结果。与之前的研究相反，这个由语料库驱动的研究采用了自上而下的方法和手动数据编码，以便尽可能全面地了解这种实践。此外，我们提出了调情的一个全面的定义，突出好玩的越轨作为一个关键特征。在我们的分析中，我们发现参赛者使用六种方式来表达性和/或浪漫的兴趣，其中包括性暗示、自我表扬和想象的未来。虽然女性和男性使用车辆的数量有所不同，但在使用方面似乎没有规范的限制，这意味着男性和女性都使用所有六种车辆。

引用次数: 0

Responding to new information with negative discourse particles nein/nee/nö in German talk-in-interaction 德语对话中的否定语篇助词nein/nee/nö对新信息的响应

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.008

Alexandra Gubina , Emma Betz

This conversation analytic and interactional linguistic study examines how the negative discourse particles nein/nee/nö (‘no’) are used in response to new information in mundane and institutional talk-in-interaction in spoken German. We analyze two functions of these responsive negative discourse particles: First, we examine how these particles serve to receipt information as new and display a stance toward it, e.g., an affiliative negative stance or surprise. Second, we explore how they can function to request reconfirmation, treat the prior informing as new, and/or invite further elaboration – or even reconsideration – of what another person previously said. Our study describes responses to news that have not been featured in prior research and shows how different design features of nein/nee/nö-turns disambiguate their function, shape interactional trajectories, and manage epistemic and affective positioning. We also uncover how nein/nee/nö-turns can be used in response to a visually perceived event or state of affairs and discuss the implications of such uses for our conceptualization of “information” and “news”.

这个对话分析和互动语言学研究探讨了否定语篇助词nein/nee/nö （' no '）是如何在日常和机构的德语口语对话中用于回应新信息的。我们分析了这些反应性否定话语粒子的两个功能：首先，我们研究了这些粒子如何作为新信息接收并显示对它的立场，例如，附属否定立场或惊讶。其次，我们探索它们如何发挥作用，要求重新确认，将先前的通知视为新的，和/或邀请进一步阐述-甚至重新考虑-另一个人之前说过的话。我们的研究描述了对新闻的反应，这些反应在之前的研究中没有出现，并展示了nein/nee/nö-turns的不同设计特征如何消除其功能歧义，塑造互动轨迹，并管理认知和情感定位。我们还揭示了nein/nee/nö-turns如何用于响应视觉感知的事件或事态，并讨论了这些用途对我们对“信息”和“新闻”的概念化的影响。

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引用次数: 0

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.11.001

Yaomin Zhang, Guodong Yu

引用次数: 0

Expressions of gratitude: Influences of social factors on thanking strategies in Yuan Dynasty China 感谢的表达：元代社会因素对感谢策略的影响

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.013

Limin Huang , Dengshan Xia

The historical study of speech acts is crucial for understanding the evolution of politeness and social interaction, yet empirical investigations into premodern Chinese sociopragmatics are scarce. This study addresses this gap by investigating Chinese thanking in the Yuan Dynasty (1271 A.D.-1368 A.D.) and exploring the influencing social factors of thanking strategies. We draw on data collected from zaju 杂剧, a poetic drama flourishing in the Yuan dynasty. The results show that among the three factors of social class, gender and age, only social class exerts significant influences on the variations of thanking strategies in the Yuan dynasty. We identify two competing trends in general thanking strategies and notable variations in specific implicit thanking strategies across different social classes. The politeness orientation manifested in thanking in the Yuan dynasty is neither positive- nor negative-dominant on the whole but features a positive-negative continuum. On this basis, we propose two rivaling interactional ethos, i.e., the solidarity ethos and the deference ethos, prevailing among different social classes. Our findings may offer a glimpse of Chinese politeness in a certain historical period during its long-term development.

言语行为的历史研究对于理解礼貌和社会互动的演变至关重要，但对前现代中国社会语用学的实证研究很少。本研究通过考察元代（公元1271年-公元1368年）中国人的感恩行为，探讨影响感恩策略的社会因素，弥补了这一空白。我们借鉴了元代盛极一时的诗剧《杂剧》中的数据。结果表明，在社会阶层、性别和年龄三个因素中，只有社会阶层对元代人的感谢策略变化有显著影响。我们确定了两种相互竞争的趋势，在一般的感谢策略和显着的变化在特定的隐式感谢策略在不同的社会阶层。元代感谢语所表现出的礼貌取向总体上既不是积极主导的，也不是消极主导的，而是一个积极-消极的连续体。在此基础上，我们提出了两种相互竞争的互动精神，即团结精神和顺从精神，它们盛行于不同的社会阶层。我们的研究结果可以让我们对中国礼貌在其长期发展过程中所处的特定历史时期有所了解。

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引用次数: 0

Negotiating accountability for medicine non-adherence in interactions between pharmacists and patients 协商药剂师和患者之间相互作用的药物依从性责任

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.010

Suvi Kaikkonen , Salla Kurhila , Johanna Komppa , Hanna Tolonen , Kirsi Kvarnström

This article examines how clinical pharmacists and patients negotiate medicine non-adherence in medication reconciliation—a discussion between a pharmacist and a patient to update the patient's list of home medications. We focus on instances that reveal a discrepancy between the doctor's prescription and the patient's actual use of the medicine. By analyzing such instances of medicine non-adherence, we show how the participants orient to the social normativity of taking one's medicines as prescribed, and how this is reflected in the participants' orientation to treat the patient as the one accountable for these violations. The analysis illustrates how the non-present doctor plays a major role in the pharmacists' and the patients' interactional management of accountability. We argue that even though both the pharmacists and the patients treat non-adherence as the violation of a norm, the pharmacists nevertheless treat non-adherence as unproblematic if the patient volunteers an account of the violation. In contrast, if the pharmacist needs to pursue an account, more problematic interactional trajectories can arise. The conclusion is that it is not so much the violation itself that is more likely to cause interactional trouble, but the actors' moral positioning with respect to the violation. The data consisted of video- or audio-recordings of 48 pharmacist–patient encounters, which were analyzed using Conversation Analysis.

本文探讨了临床药师和患者如何在药物调解中协商药物不依从性-药剂师和患者之间的讨论，以更新患者的家庭药物清单。我们关注的是那些医生的处方和病人实际使用药物之间存在差异的例子。通过分析这些药物不遵守的例子，我们展示了参与者如何适应按照规定服用药物的社会规范，以及这如何反映在参与者将患者视为对这些违规行为负责的人的取向中。分析表明，非在场医生在药师与患者的互动问责管理中发挥了重要作用。我们认为，即使药剂师和患者都将不遵守医嘱视为违反规范，但如果患者自愿说明违反医嘱的情况，药剂师仍将不遵守医嘱视为没有问题。相反，如果药剂师需要追求一个帐户，更多的问题互动轨迹可能会出现。结论是，与其说违规行为本身更有可能造成互动问题，不如说行为者对违规行为的道德定位更有可能造成互动问题。这些数据包括48个药剂师与病人接触的视频或音频记录，使用对话分析对其进行分析。

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引用次数: 0

From a question word to a discourse marker: The particle neli in Macedonian 从疑问词到语篇标记词：马其顿语中的助词neli

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.012

Liljana Mitkovska, Eleni Bužarovska

The paper presents the results of the research on the use of the particle neli in spoken Macedonian. The aim is to examine the semantic and pragmatic variation of neli in sentences excerpted from telephone conversations. The main assumption is that neli is polysemous, and its meaning depends on the interaction between the communicative purpose of the sentence with neli and the syntactic position of the particle. Initial results show that neli is used both as an interrogative particle and as a discourse marker. When used as an interrogative particle in initial position, neli introduces biased questions that anticipate an affirmative response; in final position it seeks confirmation of the preceding statement. In medial position within declarative sentences, it functions at a discourse level where it acquires procedural and phatic meanings. Across its various functions, neli facilitates cooperative communication between interlocutors. Drawing on the Discourse Grammar framework, its extension from sentence-level to discourse-level usage is attributed to cooptation. Given that pragmatic markers rarely evolve from question particles, the polyfunctionality of neli provides a noteworthy typological contribution.

本文介绍了对马其顿语口语中助词neli使用情况的研究结果。目的是研究电话会话中“不来”的语义和语用变化。主要的假设是，“假话”是一词多义的，它的意义取决于句子的交际目的和助词的句法位置之间的相互作用。初步结果表明，neli既可作为疑问句助词，也可作为语篇标记语。当neli用作疑问句的初始位置时，它引入了带有偏见的问题，期望得到肯定的回答；最后，它寻求证实前面的陈述。在陈述句的中间位置，它在语篇层面起作用，获得程序意义和语言意义。通过其各种功能，neli促进了对话者之间的合作交流。在语篇语法框架下，它从句子层面的使用扩展到语篇层面的使用，可以归结为一种协同作用。考虑到语用标记很少从疑问句演变而来，内里语的多功能性提供了一个值得注意的类型学贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Reported speech in dementia: Pragmatic patterns in Spanish and Galician natural discourse 痴呆症患者的报告言语：西班牙语和加利西亚语自然语篇的语用模式

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.011

David Navarro-Ciurana , Ana Varela Suárez

Reported speech has been studied in both children and healthy adults. However, it remains a pending issue in the field of Clinical Pragmatics. Regarding adults with dementia, previous studies pointed out that reported speech in individuals with dementia appears almost exclusively as direct speech, while indirect speech arises only occasionally in the form of metaphors or irony.

This study has the following objectives: (i) to observe and begin to characterize how the ability to efficiently use reported speech in any type of discourse can deteriorate as cognitive decline progresses in dementia; (ii) to compare whether reported speech patterns vary when people with dementia construct narratives across different genres; and (iii) to examine whether reported speech is employed in dementia discourse as a compensatory strategy to avoid trouble sources. To this end, an oral corpus of 27 video recordings was compiled, featuring individuals at different stages of the disease.

The results indicate a systematic decline in both the frequency and structural complexity of RS. Direct speech is the most common form of RS across all stages. Cognitive impairment leads to a more echoic discourse and an increased number of pronouns with unclear referents; in addition, RS representations shift from being diverse to involving only participants present in the communicative context of the task. Discourse genre affects the rate of RS production, which appears more frequently in naturalistic tasks.

对儿童和健康成人的报告语言进行了研究。然而，这仍然是临床语用学领域的一个有待解决的问题。对于成年痴呆患者，先前的研究指出，痴呆患者报告的言语几乎完全是直接言语，间接言语只是偶尔以隐喻或反讽的形式出现。本研究有以下目标：(i)观察并开始描述在任何类型的话语中有效使用报告言语的能力如何随着痴呆症患者认知能力下降的进展而恶化；（ii）比较当痴呆症患者构建不同类型的叙事时，报告的语言模式是否会有所不同；（三）研究报告言语是否在痴呆症话语中被用作避免麻烦来源的补偿策略。为此目的，汇编了一份由27段录像组成的口语库，记录了处于该疾病不同阶段的个体。研究结果表明，语音发音的频率和结构复杂性都在系统性地下降。直接言语是所有阶段中最常见的语音发音形式。认知障碍导致话语回声增多，指代物不明确的代词增多；此外，RS表征从多样化转变为只涉及在任务交际语境中存在的参与者。话语类型影响语音生成的速度，而语音生成在自然主义任务中更为常见。

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引用次数: 0

Pragmatic functions of the interjection hello 感叹词hello的语用功能

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.009

Jan Svennevig, Kristine Hasund

In previous research, the English interjection hello has been described as a greeting or as a call for attention (a ‘summons’). However, in informal spoken conversation, it has a range of other pragmatic functions that have not been accounted for. This article describes these functions as they are manifested in a corpus of televised talk shows. Using a conversation analytic methodology, we account for the sequential characteristics and the pragmatic meanings of the interjection beyond those of greeting and summons. We show that it may be used to express surprise or positive evaluation, to reproach someone for some misconduct, and to evaluate a state of affairs negatively. It may also mark a proposition as obvious. In many of the instances, the interjection is produced with one of two characteristic emphatic intonation contours. The article also discusses the semantic relationships between the different usages and meanings of the interjection.

在之前的研究中，英语感叹词hello被描述为一种问候或一种引起注意的呼吁（“召唤”）。然而，在非正式的口语会话中，它还有一系列其他的语用功能，这些功能还没有被考虑到。本文描述了这些功能在电视谈话节目语料库中的表现。本文运用会话分析的方法，分析了感叹词在问候语和召唤语之外的顺序特征和语用意义。我们表明，它可以用来表达惊讶或积极的评价，谴责某人的一些不当行为，以及消极地评价事物的状态。它也可能标志着一个命题显而易见。在许多情况下，感叹词是用两种特征的重读语调轮廓之一产生的。文章还讨论了感叹词的不同用法和意义之间的语义关系。

引用次数: 0

Who said what? Epistemological positioning in police investigative interview reports 谁说了什么？警察调查采访报告的认识论定位

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-11-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.10.003

Aafke Diepeveen

This study is concerned with how suspects' statements are summarized and reproduced in writing in Norwegian police investigative interview reports. It explores epistemological positioning in such texts, understood as the expression of the source of information for what is written, and the author's commitment to its linguistic form and propositional content. The study encompasses both spoken interactional data (interview recordings) and written discourse (interview reports). It uses ethnomethodological conversation analysis (CA) as its main method to find how epistemological positioning is realized in the written version of the suspect's statement as compared to the original talk that it claims to represent. I find that epistemological positioning is expressed by (1) reporting speech in different formats; (2) obscuring the interviewer's and author's involvement in formulating the suspect's statement; (3) attributing talk to the suspect; and (4) omitting interactional detail. These practices work to either identify, obscure, ambiguate or manipulate the source of information for an utterance. They also involve varying degrees of commitment by the author to the linguistic form and propositional content of what they have written. The analysis shows that authors leave out much interactional detail and the texts display a focus on informational content, rather than on social actions and the way in which information was elicited. There is a clear tendency in these texts to underreport the police's role in shaping and (re)phrasing the suspect's story. The texts exhibit widespread use of constructions that are ambiguous and leave invisible shifts in voice – whether it is the author or someone else who should be considered responsible for what is written. The study provides insight into how interview reports function as a social and institutional practice and discusses implications for report writing practice.

本研究关注的是挪威警方调查采访报告中如何总结和以书面形式复制嫌疑人的陈述。它探讨了这些文本中的认识论定位，理解为对所写内容的信息来源的表达，以及作者对其语言形式和命题内容的承诺。该研究包括口头互动数据（采访录音）和书面话语（采访报告）。它使用民族方法学对话分析（CA）作为其主要方法，以发现与它声称代表的原始谈话相比，如何在嫌疑人陈述的书面版本中实现认识论定位。我发现认识论定位表现为：(1)不同格式的转述语；（二）掩盖采访者和作者参与制定嫌疑人供述的；（三）认定犯罪嫌疑人的谈话内容；(4)省略交互细节。这些做法的作用是识别、模糊、歧义或操纵话语的信息来源。它们还涉及作者对其所写内容的语言形式和命题内容的不同程度的承诺。分析表明，作者忽略了很多互动细节，文本更注重信息内容，而不是社会行为和信息的获取方式。在这些文本中有一种明显的倾向，低估了警察在塑造和（重新）措辞嫌疑人的故事中的作用。这些文本广泛使用了模棱两可的结构，并且在声音上留下了看不见的变化——无论是作者还是其他应该被认为对所写内容负责的人。该研究为访谈报告如何作为一种社会和制度实践发挥作用提供了见解，并讨论了报告写作实践的含义。

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