Pub Date : 2024-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.002
Claudia Claridge
This study explores the use of the meta-rethorical expression (MRE) understatement in the Corpus of American Soap Operas. The high frequency of the nominal form shows (fictional) speakers' and script-writers’ awareness of and active engagement with the rhetorical concept. There are a minority of self-directed (the speaker's own utterance) versus a majority of other-directed uses (somebody else's utterance). MRE comments are to a large extent realised by a restricted number of five patterns, and show a narrow range of common modifying collocates, both of which may show conventionalized usage. The function of the MREs is to mark the utterance targeted as semantically too weak and to imply or explicitly provide a stronger version of it. Thus they show a critical and challenging attitude vis-à-vis the target statement and, in the case of other-directed instances, the other speaker.
{"title":"That's the understatement of the century: Understatement as a meta-rhetorical expression in the Corpus of American Soap Operas","authors":"Claudia Claridge","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores the use of the meta-rethorical expression (MRE) <em>understatement</em> in the Corpus of American Soap Operas. The high frequency of the nominal form shows (fictional) speakers' and script-writers’ awareness of and active engagement with the rhetorical concept. There are a minority of self-directed (the speaker's own utterance) versus a majority of other-directed uses (somebody else's utterance). MRE comments are to a large extent realised by a restricted number of five patterns, and show a narrow range of common modifying collocates, both of which may show conventionalized usage. The function of the MREs is to mark the utterance targeted as semantically too weak and to imply or explicitly provide a stronger version of it. Thus they show a critical and challenging attitude vis-à-vis the target statement and, in the case of other-directed instances, the other speaker.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Pages 75-87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142744301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.006
Anne Barron
Settling the bill is an integral part of a first date, with payment negotiation potentially involving a number of speech acts, not least payment offers. Research on payment offers and on payment negotiation sequences represents a desideratum. Furthermore, psychological and sociological research points to payment negotiation in dating as a site of gender construction. However, pragmatic research on gender variation and payment offer sequences is lacking.
We address payment offers and payment offer sequences across genders by exploring payment negotiation interactions broadcast in the United Kingdom on the reality television series, First Dates. Examining the sequential patterns around payment offers and pragmalinguistic realisations of payment offers and suggestions to share expenses, the analysis sheds light on media representations of how interactants negotiate the wider payment event and how this negotiation relates to gender. Findings highlight gender variation on a sociopragmatic and discoursal level in uses of both speech acts and in their sequencing. On a pragmalinguistic level, payment offers were typically realised directly; realisations of suggestions to share expenses were more varied, pointing to individual variation, changing conventions and to interactional dynamics in identity co-constructions. The study has implications for gender pedagogy and for the role of media discourse in the representation of gender.
{"title":"“I'll get it”: Payment offers, payment offer sequences and gender on First Dates","authors":"Anne Barron","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Settling the bill is an integral part of a first date, with payment negotiation potentially involving a number of speech acts, not least payment offers. Research on payment offers and on payment negotiation sequences represents a desideratum. Furthermore, psychological and sociological research points to payment negotiation in dating as a site of gender construction. However, pragmatic research on gender variation and payment offer sequences is lacking.</div><div>We address payment offers and payment offer sequences across genders by exploring payment negotiation interactions broadcast in the United Kingdom on the reality television series, <em>First Dates</em>. Examining the sequential patterns around payment offers and pragmalinguistic realisations of payment offers and suggestions to share expenses, the analysis sheds light on media representations of how interactants negotiate the wider payment event and how this negotiation relates to gender. Findings highlight gender variation on a sociopragmatic and discoursal level in uses of both speech acts and in their sequencing. On a pragmalinguistic level, payment offers were typically realised directly; realisations of suggestions to share expenses were more varied, pointing to individual variation, changing conventions and to interactional dynamics in identity co-constructions. The study has implications for gender pedagogy and for the role of media discourse in the representation of gender.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Pages 4-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142722261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-22DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.005
Andreas Trotzke
This editorial sketches some general ideas and issues in the field of speech act syntax, and it highlights the development of the so-called cartographic approach to syntax in that domain. Given the recent focus of encoding speaker, addressee, and further speech act categories in the left periphery of the clause, the editorial points out the relevance of the contributions to this Virtual Special Issue.
{"title":"Recent advances in the syntax of speech acts","authors":"Andreas Trotzke","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This editorial sketches some general ideas and issues in the field of speech act syntax, and it highlights the development of the so-called cartographic approach to syntax in that domain. Given the recent focus of encoding speaker, addressee, and further speech act categories in the left periphery of the clause, the editorial points out the relevance of the contributions to this Virtual Special Issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 140-144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142703523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-18DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.010
Andreas Trotzke
This paper proposes a new approach to the interface between linguistic form and speech acts. The basic idea is to rethink prevailing canonicity assumptions about the inventory of syntactic forms used to perform speech acts. I argue for a new concept of canonicity in that domain, which is based on the following claim: pragmatically unmarked versions of the major speech acts requests, questions, and assertions comply with the socio-pragmatic principle of ‘maximize politeness’. According to this principle, speakers try to minimize the risk of failure in achieving the relevant illocutionary goals of individual speech acts, and they can minimize that risk by using unambiguous linguistic forms that express politeness. I illustrate this account for unmarked forms of requests, questions, and assertions in German because in this language, the pragmatically unmarked versions of each of those speech acts can be signaled by dedicated particle elements (bitte ‘please’ in requests; denn ‘then’ in questions; and ja ‘yes’ in assertions). I claim that these particles are an overt realization of a syntactic head of a functional projection that encodes socio-pragmatic meaning in the left periphery of the clause. The paper sketches a unified syntactic analysis that holds across speech acts and that can potentially be extended to further phenomena of politeness marking in natural language.
本文针对语言形式与言语行为之间的界面提出了一种新方法。其基本思想是重新思考关于用于实施言语行为的句法形式清单的现行规范性假设。我主张在这一领域建立一个新的规范性概念，它基于以下主张：请求、提问和断言等主要言语行为的无标记语用版本符合 "礼貌最大化 "的社会语用原则。根据这一原则，说话人在实现个人言语行为的相关会话目标时，会尽量减少失败的风险，而他们可以通过使用表达礼貌的无歧义语言形式来尽量减少这种风险。我用德语中请求、疑问和断言的无标记形式来说明这一观点，因为在德语中，这些言语行为的无标记语用版本都可以通过专用的语素（请求中的 bitte "请"；疑问中的 denn "那么"；断言中的 ja "是"）来表示。我声称，这些微粒是功能性投射的句法头的公开实现，而功能性投射则在分句的左外围编码社会语用意义。本文勾勒了一种统一的句法分析，这种分析适用于各种言语行为，并有可能扩展到自然语言中的其他礼貌标记现象。
{"title":"Towards a social syntax","authors":"Andreas Trotzke","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a new approach to the interface between linguistic form and speech acts. The basic idea is to rethink prevailing canonicity assumptions about the inventory of syntactic forms used to perform speech acts. I argue for a new concept of canonicity in that domain, which is based on the following claim: pragmatically unmarked versions of the major speech acts requests, questions, and assertions comply with the socio-pragmatic principle of ‘maximize politeness’. According to this principle, speakers try to minimize the risk of failure in achieving the relevant illocutionary goals of individual speech acts, and they can minimize that risk by using unambiguous linguistic forms that express politeness. I illustrate this account for unmarked forms of requests, questions, and assertions in German because in this language, the pragmatically unmarked versions of each of those speech acts can be signaled by dedicated particle elements (<em>bitte</em> ‘please’ in requests; <em>denn</em> ‘then’ in questions; and <em>ja</em> ‘yes’ in assertions). I claim that these particles are an overt realization of a syntactic head of a functional projection that encodes socio-pragmatic meaning in the left periphery of the clause. The paper sketches a unified syntactic analysis that holds across speech acts and that can potentially be extended to further phenomena of politeness marking in natural language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 122-139"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.008
Takeshi Hiramoto
Drawing from a conversation analytic investigation of Japanese speakers' face-to-face conversations and telephone calls, this study investigated a conversational device that allows speakers to stay on as tellers while answering questions. The device consists of various forms of embedding practices that make the teller's continuation of extended telling recognizable as an answer to the recipient's confirmation requests. These include the following: first, vocabulary incorporation with word replacement, in which the teller's original lexical choice is replaced with a new word used in the recipient's confirmation request; second, vocabulary incorporation without word replacement, in which the teller repeats a word (with possible syntactic modification) included in the recipient's confirmation request; and third, transformative answers, in which the teller designs their continuations with adjustments to the original question posed to them. In addition, two types of syntactic operation construct a turn-in-progress as a continuation of extended telling: repeating the same syntactic formulation of the preceding utterance of the teller and producing a syntactically continuous component of the preceding utterance. These practices enable tellers to move their extended telling forward while answering the request for confirmation, thus securing their status as tellers.
{"title":"Embedding answers into ongoing story (and other extended) telling in conversational interaction","authors":"Takeshi Hiramoto","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drawing from a conversation analytic investigation of Japanese speakers' face-to-face conversations and telephone calls, this study investigated a conversational device that allows speakers to stay on as tellers while answering questions. The device consists of various forms of embedding practices that make the teller's continuation of extended telling <em>recognizable as an answer</em> to the recipient's confirmation requests. These include the following: first, vocabulary incorporation with word replacement, in which the teller's original lexical choice is replaced with a new word used in the recipient's confirmation request; second, vocabulary incorporation without word replacement, in which the teller repeats a word (with possible syntactic modification) included in the recipient's confirmation request; and third, transformative answers, in which the teller designs their continuations with adjustments to the original question posed to them. In addition, two types of syntactic operation construct a turn-in-progress as a continuation of extended telling: repeating the same syntactic formulation of the preceding utterance of the teller and producing a syntactically continuous component of the preceding utterance. These practices enable tellers to move their extended telling forward while answering the request for confirmation, thus securing their status as tellers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 99-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.011
Adrian Leemann , Carina Steiner , Péter Jeszenszky , Jonathan Culpeper , Lea Josi
The present study investigates the dynamics of leave-taking and thanking on buses in rural versus urban settings. Employing a mixed-methods approach, Study A involved an online survey with 1000 participants from 125 locations in German-speaking Switzerland, while Study B observed 236 passengers' behaviors in urban and rural contexts whereby contextual factors such as location of exiting, time of day, and passenger demographics were systematically varied. Results revealed an urban-rural divide, with rural areas demonstrating more frequent leave-taking and thanking. Factors like door location on the bus, number of exiting passengers, and passenger age influenced the realization of these speech acts, with front-door, solo exits and older passengers displaying more leave-taking and thanking. Furthermore, in rural areas, bus drivers often initiated the interactions. Subsequent qualitative interviews after the conduction of Study B revealed several possible reasons for the urban vs. rural divide: in the rural countryside, bus lines can be geographically more exposed. Roads can be dangerous, particularly in wintertime. This could increase the probability of wanting to bid farewell to the bus driver and to express gratitude for bringing them home ‘safely’. This research sheds light on the subtleties governing social exchanges within public transportation contexts.
本研究调查了农村与城市环境下公交车上的请假和致谢动态。研究 A 采用混合方法，对来自瑞士德语区 125 个地点的 1000 名参与者进行了在线调查；研究 B 则观察了 236 名乘客在城市和农村环境中的行为，并系统地改变了乘客下车的地点、时间和人口统计等环境因素。结果显示，城乡之间存在差异，农村地区的乘客更频繁地离开和致谢。公交车上的车门位置、下车乘客人数和乘客年龄等因素影响了这些言语行为的实现，前门、单独下车和年龄较大的乘客表现出更多的请假和致谢行为。此外，在农村地区，公交车司机往往是互动的发起人。研究 B 结束后进行的定性访谈揭示了城市与农村之间存在差异的几个可能原因：在农村，公交线路的地理位置可能更加暴露。道路可能很危险，尤其是在冬季。这可能会增加想要向公交车司机道别并感谢他把他们 "安全 "送回家的可能性。这项研究揭示了公共交通环境中社会交流的微妙之处。
{"title":"Saying goodbye to and thanking bus drivers in German-speaking Switzerland","authors":"Adrian Leemann , Carina Steiner , Péter Jeszenszky , Jonathan Culpeper , Lea Josi","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the dynamics of leave-taking and thanking on buses in rural versus urban settings. Employing a mixed-methods approach, Study A involved an online survey with 1000 participants from 125 locations in German-speaking Switzerland, while Study B observed 236 passengers' behaviors in urban and rural contexts whereby contextual factors such as location of exiting, time of day, and passenger demographics were systematically varied. Results revealed an urban-rural divide, with rural areas demonstrating more frequent leave-taking and thanking. Factors like door location on the bus, number of exiting passengers, and passenger age influenced the realization of these speech acts, with front-door, solo exits and older passengers displaying more leave-taking and thanking. Furthermore, in rural areas, bus drivers often initiated the interactions. Subsequent qualitative interviews after the conduction of Study B revealed several possible reasons for the urban vs. rural divide: in the rural countryside, bus lines can be geographically more exposed. Roads can be dangerous, particularly in wintertime. This could increase the probability of wanting to bid farewell to the bus driver and to express gratitude for bringing them home ‘safely’. This research sheds light on the subtleties governing social exchanges within public transportation contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 78-98"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.009
Drew Spain
This paper investigates how welp, a phonetic variant of the discourse particle well that has achieved recognition through its proliferation online, functions within talk-in-interaction. Its usage is identified in two positions: 1) prefacing a sequence-closing assessment produced in reaction to a publicly available gap between expectations and the result of some interactional enterprise, and 2) produced solitarily in the same context in order to close a sequence and move on to the next. Solitary welp is then compared with oh well in order to distinguish between their orientations, and evidence supports the conclusion that whereas oh well surrenders an ongoing project, welp orients to an already concluded matter.
{"title":"Welp in talk-in-interaction: Moving on from publicly available disappointments","authors":"Drew Spain","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates how <em>welp</em>, a phonetic variant of the discourse particle <em>well</em> that has achieved recognition through its proliferation online, functions within talk-in-interaction. Its usage is identified in two positions: 1) prefacing a sequence-closing assessment produced in reaction to a publicly available gap between expectations and the result of some interactional enterprise, and 2) produced solitarily in the same context in order to close a sequence and move on to the next. Solitary <em>welp</em> is then compared with <em>oh well</em> in order to distinguish between their orientations, and evidence supports the conclusion that whereas <em>oh well</em> surrenders an ongoing project, <em>welp</em> orients to an already concluded matter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 52-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.001
Katelyn MacDougald
This study investigates person deixis in local multiplayer combat video game play. Unlike online gaming, local multiplayer game play supports multiple points of reference as players are mutually and simultaneously embodied within three deictic fields: the realworld (physical environment), gameworld (virtual environment), and playworld (interface between the two). The interplay between these fields is examined in talk that occurs during recorded sessions of two brothers playing Super Smash Bros. Using an interactional sociolinguistic framework, the analysis demonstrates (1) that deictic shifts correlate with frame shifts and (2) that patterns in complex person deixis correlate with different types of frame lamination. In this way, it is argued that deictic fields are constituents of interactive frames, offering insight into the dynamics of person, time, and space in local video game play in particular and co-present gaming in general. This finding contributes to a broader understanding of the strategies by which interactants navigate and build emergent worlds through the activity of playing together.
{"title":"“I jigglyfucked you with Luigi!”: Person deixis in local multiplayer combat video game play","authors":"Katelyn MacDougald","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates person deixis in local multiplayer combat video game play. Unlike online gaming, local multiplayer game play supports multiple points of reference as players are mutually and simultaneously embodied within three deictic fields: the realworld (physical environment), gameworld (virtual environment), and playworld (interface between the two). The interplay between these fields is examined in talk that occurs during recorded sessions of two brothers playing <em>Super Smash Bros</em>. Using an interactional sociolinguistic framework, the analysis demonstrates (1) that deictic shifts correlate with frame shifts and (2) that patterns in complex person deixis correlate with different types of frame lamination. In this way, it is argued that deictic fields are constituents of interactive frames, offering insight into the dynamics of person, time, and space in local video game play in particular and co-present gaming in general. This finding contributes to a broader understanding of the strategies by which interactants navigate and build emergent worlds through the activity of playing together.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 66-77"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.005
Dylan Jarrett
The present study employs an acceptability judgment task to determine the degree to which native speakers of Colombian Spanish accept three epistemic adverbs (de pronto, posiblemente, tal vez) in intersubjective contexts of speech act hedging. 85 native speakers of Colombian Spanish completed a 17-item contextualized acceptability judgment task in which they provided Likert ratings of the degree to which they accepted the three adverbs in contexts of epistemic commitment, representative speech act hedging (opinions, conclusions) and directive speech act hedging (suggestions). It was found that tal vez was accepted at moderately high to high rates for both types of hedging, while posiblemente was accepted at moderately high rates for contexts of hedging representative speech acts (specifically, the mitigation of conclusions), but was rated moderately low in contexts of hedging directive speech acts. De pronto was only moderately accepted in contexts of hedging directive speech acts and rated moderately low in contexts of hedging representative speech acts. This research contributes to the field by providing empirical description of the pragmatic capabilities of epistemic de pronto as well as experimental evidence of the variable use capabilities of otherwise synonymous adverbs. Additionally, the pragmatic restrictions observed in the more recently epistemic de pronto support existing theories of semantic change which note an increase in intersubjectivity over time.
本研究采用可接受性判断任务来确定哥伦比亚西班牙语母语者在言语行为对冲的主体间语境中对三个认识副词（de pronto、posiblemente、tal vez）的接受程度。85 位以哥伦比亚西班牙语为母语的人完成了一项由 17 个项目组成的语境可接受性判断任务，他们对在认识论承诺、代表性言语行为对冲（观点、结论）和指令性言语行为对冲（建议）语境中接受这三个副词的程度进行了李克特评分。结果发现，tal vez 在这两种对冲情况下的接受率都在中等偏高到偏高之间，而 posiblemente 在代表性言语行为对冲（特别是减轻结论的影响）情况下的接受率中等偏高，但在指令性言语行为对冲情况下的接受率则中等偏低。在对冲指令性言语行为的语境中，De pronto 的接受度一般，在对冲代表性言语行为的语境中，De pronto 的接受度较低。这项研究通过对认识性 de pronto 的语用能力进行实证描述，以及对同义副词的不同使用能力进行实验证明，为这一领域做出了贡献。此外，在新近出现的 "认识性 de pronto "中观察到的语用限制支持现有的语义变化理论，该理论指出主体间性随着时间的推移而增加。
{"title":"The acceptability of epistemic adverbs in intersubjective contexts: Consideration of epistemic de pronto in Colombian Spanish","authors":"Dylan Jarrett","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.10.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study employs an acceptability judgment task to determine the degree to which native speakers of Colombian Spanish accept three epistemic adverbs (<em>de pronto, posiblemente, tal vez</em>) in intersubjective contexts of speech act hedging. 85 native speakers of Colombian Spanish completed a 17-item contextualized acceptability judgment task in which they provided Likert ratings of the degree to which they accepted the three adverbs in contexts of epistemic commitment, representative speech act hedging (opinions, conclusions) and directive speech act hedging (suggestions). It was found that <em>tal vez</em> was accepted at moderately high to high rates for both types of hedging, while <em>posiblemente</em> was accepted at moderately high rates for contexts of hedging representative speech acts (specifically, the mitigation of conclusions), but was rated moderately low in contexts of hedging directive speech acts. <em>De pronto</em> was only moderately accepted in contexts of hedging directive speech acts and rated moderately low in contexts of hedging representative speech acts. This research contributes to the field by providing empirical description of the pragmatic capabilities of epistemic <em>de pronto</em> as well as experimental evidence of the variable use capabilities of otherwise synonymous adverbs. Additionally, the pragmatic restrictions observed in the more recently epistemic <em>de pronto</em> support existing theories of semantic change which note an increase in intersubjectivity over time.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":"234 ","pages":"Pages 19-33"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142660322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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