Journal of Pragmatics最新文献

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Managers see, analysts hear. Epistemic divide in financial dialogues 经理人看到，分析师听到。金融对话中的认知鸿沟

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.009

Costanza Lucchini , Andrea Rocci , Johanna Miecznikowski

This study investigates the epistemic asymmetry between managers and analysts in earnings conference calls (ECCs) through the lens of evidentiality and epistemicity. ECCs are dialogical exchanges where corporate managers present financial results and analysts pose questions on behalf of investors. These interactions highlight a significant epistemic divide: managers are insiders with direct access to proprietary knowledge, while analysts depend on the managers’ disclosures to inform investment decisions. This work explores how this asymmetry is reflected in the use of evidentials – linguistic markers that indicate the source of knowledge – and examines the strategic use of these markers in displaying and managing knowledge during ECCs.

Our primary hypothesis is that managers, leveraging their privileged access to information, will predominantly use direct evidentials, whereas analysts, positioned as outsiders, will favor hearsay evidentials to attribute knowledge to others. By analyzing a corpus of ECCs, we observe the distribution and function of evidentials to capture the participants' strategic behavior and the influence of institutional roles on knowledge negotiation.

This paper also contributes methodologically by demonstrating how evidential analysis can illuminate role dynamics in institutionalized activity types and highlighting the broader applicability of this approach to other dialogical contexts. After presenting our framework and taxonomy for evidentiality, we offer a quantitative and qualitative analysis of evidential markers to verify our hypothesis, shedding light on how participants’ roles and goals shape their linguistic strategies in managing epistemic asymmetry.

本研究透过证据性和认识性的视角，探讨经理人与分析师在财报电话会议中的认知不对称。ecc是一种对话式的交流，在这里，企业经理展示财务业绩，分析师代表投资者提出问题。这些互动凸显了一个重要的认知鸿沟：管理者是直接获得专有知识的内部人士，而分析师则依赖于管理者的披露来为投资决策提供信息。这项工作探讨了这种不对称如何反映在证据的使用上——表明知识来源的语言标记——并研究了这些标记在eca期间显示和管理知识的战略使用。我们的主要假设是，利用其获取信息的特权，管理者将主要使用直接证据，而作为局外人的分析师将倾向于道听途说的证据，将知识归因于他人。本文通过对知识谈判语料库的分析，观察了知识谈判中参与者战略行为的证据分布和作用，以及制度角色对知识谈判的影响。本文还通过展示证据分析如何阐明制度化活动类型中的角色动态，并强调这种方法在其他对话背景下的更广泛适用性，在方法上做出了贡献。在提出我们的证据性框架和分类之后，我们对证据标记进行了定量和定性分析，以验证我们的假设，揭示参与者的角色和目标如何影响他们在管理认知不对称方面的语言策略。

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引用次数: 0

Syntactic study of self-repair and self-reformulation in French and Spanish: Effects of utterance length 法语和西班牙语自我修复和自我重构的句法研究：话语长度的影响

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.07.017

Luisa Fernanda Acosta Córdoba , Raphaël Py

In this article we propose a study of self-repair and self-reformulation based on the analysis of a corpus of nearly 19,000 tokens, fully segmented into utterances. This corpus includes two languages, French and Spanish, which are equally represented, and five different communicative contexts (sociolinguistic interview, public interview, work meeting, meeting between friends and service interaction) for each of these two languages. This corpus architecture, as well as the segmentation of the entire corpus into utterances, allows us to point out some general trends, not previously described, regarding the effect of unit length on self-repair. Indeed, the average length in tokens of the utterance not only predicts the proportion of units with at least one self-repair, but also models the site of initiation of self-repair and type: if less than 10 % of utterances with 5 tokens or less have self-repair, almost 40 % of utterances with between 11 and 20 tokens have self-repair, and about 70 % of utterances with more than 31 tokens have self-repair. Moreover, in utterances with 5 tokens or less, self-repair is most likely to be without reformulation and to occur in a unit without a predicate, whereas in utterances with more than 11 tokens self-repair is likely to be with or without reformulation and to be initiated after the predicate, towards the middle of the unit.

在这篇文章中，我们提出了一项自我修复和自我重塑的研究，该研究基于对近19,000个标记的语料库的分析，这些标记被完全分割成话语。该语料库包括两种语言，法语和西班牙语，这两种语言的代表性相等，并为这两种语言中的每一种提供了五种不同的交际环境（社会语言学访谈，公开访谈，工作会议，朋友之间的会议和服务互动）。这种语料库架构，以及将整个语料库分割成话语，使我们能够指出一些以前没有描述过的关于单位长度对自我修复的影响的一般趋势。事实上，话语中标记的平均长度不仅预测了至少有一个自我修复的单位的比例，而且还模型化了自我修复的起始地点和类型：如果5个或更少标记的话语少于10%有自我修复，那么11到20个标记的话语中几乎有40%有自我修复，超过31个标记的话语中大约有70%有自我修复。此外，在具有5个或更少标记的话语中，自我修复最有可能没有重新表述，并且发生在没有谓词的单元中，而在具有超过11个标记的话语中，自我修复很可能有或没有重新表述，并且在谓词之后开始，朝向单元的中间。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to ““#HaveYouNoShame”: Unraveling the pragmatics of impolite political hashtags” [J. Pragmatics 235 (2025) 238–253/12] “#你不羞耻”：解读不礼貌政治标签的语用学”的勘误表[J]。语用学235 (2025)238-253/12]

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.007

Seyed Mohammadreza Mortazavi , Hamed Zandi

引用次数: 0

“Wha, what is this?”: Interactive elements in the representation of thoughts in Japanese manga (comics) “什么，这是什么？”：日本漫画（漫画）中思想表现的互动元素

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.002

Giancarla Unser-Schutz

Language is commonly assumed to be inherently dialogic, but there are many situations where people use language primarily to address themselves, as in verbal thoughts and when speakers talk to themselves. While pragmatics focuses on language use in interactive situations, examining non-interactive language use can offer insight into how interaction shapes language. Given that verbal thoughts in comics are primarily indicated visually and not by linguistic markers, they provide unique examples of free direct thoughts. This study investigates interactive language use in comics by examining a corpus of popular Japanese comics, focusing on 1) parts of speech distribution and 2) the use of interjections and sentence final particles compared in represented thoughts and speech. Although interjections were more frequent in represented speech, within interjections, disfluency and fillers were significantly more frequent in represented thoughts. Similarly, although sentence final particles were more frequent in represented speech, the self-directed na and question ka more frequent in represented thoughts. Unlike previous findings on self-talk, other-directed yo, while more frequent in represented speech overall, represented a larger relative proportion than ne in thoughts. These interactive elements were often used in suspended interaction, functioning as fictive devices to move readers through the text and deepen characters. This also suggests that the concept of interaction itself should be reconsidered, to better encompass one-sided interaction such as that observed in represented thoughts.

语言通常被认为是天生的对话，但在许多情况下，人们主要使用语言来表达自己，比如在口头思考和说话者自言自语时。虽然语用学关注的是互动情境中的语言使用，但研究非互动情境中的语言使用可以让我们深入了解互动如何塑造语言。考虑到漫画中的语言思想主要是通过视觉而不是语言标记来表示的，它们提供了自由直接思想的独特例子。本研究以日本流行漫画语料库为研究对象，探讨漫画中互动语言的使用，重点关注：1)词性分布；2)感叹词和句子末助词在表达思想和言语中的使用。虽然感叹词在表征言语中更频繁，但在感叹词中，不流畅和填充词在表征思想中明显更频繁。同样，虽然句子末助词在表征言语中出现频率更高，但在表征思想中，自述na和疑问句ka出现频率更高。与之前关于自言自语的研究结果不同，“他人导向的yo”虽然总体上在表征语言中更频繁，但在思想中所占的相对比例要比“ne”大。这些互动元素通常用于悬置互动，作为引导读者通过文本和深化人物的虚构手段。这也表明，应该重新考虑互动本身的概念，以更好地包含单方面的互动，例如在表征思想中观察到的互动。

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引用次数: 0

A critical pragmatic study of stance in peter Obi's world press conference speeches 彼得·欧比世界新闻发布会演讲立场的批判性实用主义研究

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.004

Felicia Oamen

The All Progressives Congress (APC) has dominated Nigeria's political space since 2015. However, Peter Obi's emergence as the Labour Party (LP) presidential candidate in 2022 challenged the hegemony of APC. This study, therefore, critically examined the pragmatic features of Obi's world press conference speeches, which were produced to contest Bola Ahmed Tinubu's (the APC presidential candidate) victory in the 2023 presidential election. Specifically, the paper analysed the pragmatics of stance-taking to examine the ideological framing of resistance in Nigeria's political discourse. Data comprised three media speeches delivered by Obi after Tinubu's victory. The study adopted Mey's (2001) critical pragmatics, notions from van Dijk's approach to critical discourse analysis, and Hyland's (2005) stance theory, with focus on the metaphorical characteristics, speech acts, implicatures, presupposition and politeness norms deployed to represent self as the ideal leader. The representations were achieved through strategies of victimisation, delegitimisation, blame allocation, subtle criminalization of others, and self-glorification. The study concluded that stance taking by Nigerian politicians is moderated by speaker's background knowledge of the country's restive democratic environment.

自2015年以来，全进步大会（APC）一直主导着尼日利亚的政治空间。然而，彼得·奥比在2022年成为工党总统候选人，挑战了APC的霸权。因此，这项研究批判性地审视了奥比世界新闻发布会演讲的实用主义特征，这些演讲是为争夺博拉·艾哈迈德·蒂努布（APC总统候选人）在2023年总统选举中的胜利而制作的。具体而言，本文分析了立场采取的语用学，以研究尼日利亚政治话语中抵抗的意识形态框架。数据包括奥比在蒂努布获胜后发表的三次媒体演讲。本研究采用了Mey（2001）的批判语用学、van Dijk的批评话语分析方法和Hyland（2005）的立场理论，重点研究了隐喻特征、言语行为、含意、预设和礼貌规范对理想领导者自我表现的影响。这些表现是通过受害、非法化、指责分配、对他人的微妙犯罪化和自我美化等策略实现的。该研究得出结论，尼日利亚政治家的立场受到演讲者对该国动荡的民主环境的背景知识的影响。

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引用次数: 0

“Then journeys are like life itself, rarely straight”: Towards a meta-metaphorical perspective on life–journey interactions “那么旅程就像生活本身，很少是笔直的”：对生命旅程互动的元隐喻视角

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.006

Ming-Yu Tseng

The reversal of the deep-rooted life is a journey metaphor is not commonly heard in everyday language, and as a result has received little attention. This study addresses the phenomenon in which a journey is life appears to be embedded within, or co-exists with, life is a journey in text. This study argues that this phenomenon constitutes a meta-metaphor – a metaphor about a metaphor – which can set free and extend familiar metaphorical thought and instigate life–journey interactions in ways that the familiar metaphor alone cannot achieve. This paper proposes a multilevel view of the literal-metonymic-metaphorical continuum, which considers the possibility that literalness, metonymy and metaphor are located at different levels involving language, experience (physical action) and belief systems (faith and knowledge). This multilevel lens, underpinned by cognitive and socio-pragmatic forces, further explains why life–journey interactions can occur.

人生的逆转是一种根深蒂固的旅程隐喻，在日常语言中并不常见，因此很少受到关注。本研究探讨了这样一种现象，即生命之旅似乎嵌入或共存于文本中的生命之旅。本研究认为，这种现象构成了一种元隐喻，即关于隐喻的隐喻，它可以解放和扩展熟悉的隐喻思维，并激发单独熟悉的隐喻无法实现的生命旅程互动。本文提出了字面-转喻-隐喻连续体的多层次观点，认为字面性、转喻和隐喻可能处于语言、经验（身体行为）和信仰系统（信仰和知识）的不同层次。这种以认知和社会实用主义力量为基础的多层次视角进一步解释了为什么生命旅程中会发生互动。

引用次数: 0

‘If they say “there's a photo ban and any clothes you can forget about taking them”’: Interactional functions of hypothetical direct reported speech in adoption assessment interviews “如果他们说‘禁止拍照，禁止穿任何衣服’”：收养评估访谈中假设性直接间接引语的互动功能

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.003

Madeleine Wirzén

This article examines the interactional functions of hypothetical direct reported speech (HDRS) in Swedish adoption assessment interviews. Drawing on 36 h of recorded conversations between social workers and prospective adoptive parents, the study uses conversation analysis to explore how HDRS is employed to accomplish institutional tasks. The analysis shows that both social workers and applicants use HDRS to navigate the moral, emotional, and relational complexities of the assessment process. Social workers use HDRS to challenge assumptions, introduce alternative perspectives, and mitigate the face-threatening nature of advice-giving. Applicants, in turn, use HDRS to construct parenting identities, demonstrate child-centered reasoning, and express emotional commitment. Rather than functioning merely as a rhetorical device, HDRS emerges as an interactional practice that enacts institutional expectations, facilitates perspective-taking, and renders parenting approaches evaluable. By performing rather than simply describing future actions, participants make their positions more vivid and credible. This study contributes to research on institutional interaction and reported speech by demonstrating how HDRS supports both evaluative and pedagogical goals in adoption interviews, thereby highlighting the hybrid nature of the activity.

本文研究了瑞典收养评估访谈中假设性直接间接引语（HDRS）的互动功能。本研究利用社会工作者与准养父母之间36小时的对话记录，利用对话分析来探讨如何利用HDRS来完成机构任务。分析表明，社会工作者和申请人都使用HDRS来应对评估过程中道德、情感和关系的复杂性。社会工作者使用HDRS来挑战假设，引入不同的观点，并减轻提供建议的威胁性质。申请人依次使用HDRS来构建父母身份，展示以儿童为中心的推理，并表达情感承诺。HDRS不仅仅是一种修辞手段，它作为一种互动实践出现，实现了制度期望，促进了观点的采纳，并使育儿方法可评估。通过表演而不是简单地描述未来的行动，参与者使他们的立场更加生动可信。本研究通过展示HDRS如何支持收养访谈中的评估和教学目标，从而突出了该活动的混合性质，为机构互动和报告演讲的研究做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

“Off-the-shelf” features and pragmatic trajectories: The years of cioè in Italian “现成的”特征和实用主义轨迹：cioè在意大利的岁月

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.07.008

Chiara Ghezzi

Linguistic variants have a ‘social’ value if alternants are “easily parsed, extracted, and recombined-taken off the shelf” (Eckert, 2019: 755). In this process indexicality is central as it connects (linguistic) signs to social occasions, anchoring language use into social patterns. Discourse markers, central elements within pragmatics, display formal and functional properties which make them ideal for identity construction and negotiation of social meaning. This contribution considers how social meaning aligns with the prototypically pragmatic meaning of discourse markers through the exemplar development of Italian cioè ‘that is’ from 1976 to today. Basing the analysis on spoken corpora and questionnaires on speakers' attitudes, the study shows that the social meaning of cioè is anchored in linguistic practices of social groups, which entail uses in different structural contexts, positions, and with different scopes. It also links the pragmatic development of cioè to the evolution of its social indexicalities. Lastly, it discusses the role of discourse markers, and of pragmatic variables, in the development of social personae and in the relationship of social meaning with indexicality. If the latter is the use of linguistic correlations to do social work, the former is its outcome in particular instances.

如果语言变体“很容易被解析、提取和重组——从货架上取下来”，那么它就具有“社会”价值（Eckert, 2019: 755）。在这个过程中，索引性是中心，因为它将（语言）符号与社会场合联系起来，将语言使用锚定在社会模式中。话语标记语是语用学的核心要素，它表现出形式和功能特征，使其成为身份建构和社会意义协商的理想选择。这一贡献通过1976年至今意大利语cioè ‘ that is ’的范例发展，考虑了社会意义如何与话语标记的原型语用意义保持一致。通过对口语语料库的分析和对说话人态度的问卷调查，研究表明cioè的社会意义根植于社会群体的语言实践中，需要在不同的结构语境、位置和范围内使用。它还将cioè的实用主义发展与其社会指数性的演变联系起来。最后，讨论了话语标记和语用变量在社会人物发展中的作用，以及社会意义与指标性的关系。如果后者是使用语言相关性来做社会工作，那么前者就是它在特定情况下的结果。

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引用次数: 0

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.08.001

Wataru Nakamura , Tomoko Endo

引用次数: 0

Can AI simulate or emulate human stance? Using metadiscourse to compare GPT-generated and human-authored academic book reviews 人工智能可以模拟或模仿人类的姿势吗？使用元话语比较gpt生成的和人类撰写的学术书评

IF 1.7 1区文学 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS

Journal of Pragmatics

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2025.07.018

Guangyuan Yao , Zhaoxia Liu

This study investigates whether generative AI (represented by ChatGPT) can simulate or even emulate the stance expressed by human authors in the specific genre of academic book reviews. Through a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-generated reviews and human-authored reviews, this study focuses on the use of interactional metadiscourse markers (e.g., hedges, boosters, attitude markers, and self-mention) to reveal current AI's capabilities and limitations in handling complex evaluative discourse and interpersonal interaction. The findings indicate that ChatGPT overall employs interactional metadiscourse markers more frequently than human authors, due to its significant overuse of attitude markers. However, it underuses hedges and self-mention significantly, suggesting a reliance on explicit evaluative language while lacking nuanced caution and authorial presence. These results highlight that current AI's simulation of human writing is genre-sensitive but incomplete, particularly in achieving the balance of caution, conviction, and authorial presence, which is typical of human reviewers. The distinct metadiscoursal patterns identified may serve as linguistic fingerprints for distinguishing AI-generated reviews from human-authored ones. The study also offers pedagogical implications, emphasizing the need for educators and students to recognize current AI's limitations in modeling nuanced stance and fostering authentic authorial voice in evaluative genres.

本研究探讨了生成式人工智能（以ChatGPT为代表）是否可以模拟甚至模仿人类作者在特定类型的学术书评中所表达的立场。通过对chatgpt生成的评论和人类撰写的评论的比较分析，本研究侧重于使用交互式元话语标记（如模糊限制语、助推器、态度标记和自我提及）来揭示当前人工智能在处理复杂评价话语和人际互动方面的能力和局限性。研究结果表明，由于过度使用态度标记，ChatGPT总体上比人类作者更频繁地使用互动元话语标记。然而，它明显没有充分利用模棱两可和自我提及，这表明它依赖于明确的评价语言，而缺乏细致入微的谨慎和作者的存在。这些结果突出表明，目前人工智能对人类写作的模拟是体裁敏感的，但不完整，特别是在实现谨慎、信念和作者存在的平衡方面，这是人类审稿人的典型特征。识别出的不同元话语模式可以作为区分人工智能生成的评论和人类撰写的评论的语言指纹。该研究还提供了教学意义，强调教育工作者和学生需要认识到当前人工智能在建模微妙立场和培养评估类型的真实作者声音方面的局限性。

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