Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Network pharmacology, molecular dynamics simulation, and experiments uncover icariin's role in ferroptosis during postmenopausal osteoporosis","authors":"Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Yueping Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102147","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102147","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Icariin (ICA) shows therapeutic potential for postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), yet its mechanism in regulating osteoblast ferroptosis remains unclear. We combined network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and in vitro validation to elucidate ICA-mediated anti-ferroptotic effects in PMO.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Potential ICA targets were obtained from PubChem, the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, SwissTargetPrediction, and the Similarity Ensemble Approach, while PMO-associated genes were identified through GeneCards, OMIM, DrugBank, and the Therapeutic Target Database. Ferroptosis-related genes were extracted from FerrDb. Intersecting targets were used to construct drug–target and protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks, and key nodes were identified by topological analysis. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were used to perform functional enrichment. Molecular docking assessed ICA affinity toward candidate proteins, and molecular dynamics simulations evaluated complex stability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS), apoptosis, and the expression of markers linked to ferroptosis, antioxidants, and osteogenesis were measured using osteoblasts in vitro using quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eight key targets were identified through PPI network analysis. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses highlighted pathways associated with redox regulation and ferroptosis. Docking studies revealed the strongest binding affinity between ICA and Nrf2 (Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2–Related Factor 2), further confirmed by stable interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. Experimentally, ICA promoted osteoblast proliferation, reduced intracellular ROS levels and apoptosis, and upregulated antioxidant, osteogenic, and ferroptosis-related proteins, including Nrf2, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutathione peroxidase-4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and runt-related transcription factor-2 (RUNX2), while suppressing caspase-3 activation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ICA activates the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway to suppress ferroptosis and oxidative stress, reduce apoptosis, and promote osteogenic activity, thereby alleviating PMO-related osteoblast dysfunction. These findings provide mechanistic support for ICA as a multi-target candidate for PMO management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of tube voltage and current on CT number–relative electron density calibration and radiotherapy dose calculation accuracy","authors":"Kamonrat Sueangamiam ,&nbsp;Kritsada Prasomsap ,&nbsp;Sarinya Yenprasert ,&nbsp;Adjima Titalakkana ,&nbsp;Nattakarn Kittiva","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102151","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Computed tomography (CT) is essential for radiotherapy simulation and dose calculation, which rely on the relationship between CT number and relative electron density (RED). Tube voltage (kVp) and current (mAs) affect CT numbers and may impact Monitor Unit (MU) accuracy if calibration curves do not match scan parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effects of varying kVp and mAs on the CT number–RED relationship, image quality, and MU calculation accuracy, and to establish kVp-specific calibration curves for clinical use.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 64-slice CT simulator scanned an electron density phantom at kVp of 80, 100, 120, and 140 kVp with fixed 100 mAs. The phantom was then rescanned at each kVp setting with mAs values of 100, 200, 300, and 400. CT numbers from 13 inserts (RED range: 0.20–6.92) were averaged over three repeated scans to generate CT number–RED calibration curves, which were imported into the treatment planning system (TPS). MU deviations under matched and mismatched calibration conditions were evaluated using thorax phantom scans and 3D conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) plans. Image quality was assessed using the Catphan 604 phantom according to AAPM TG-66 guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Varying kVp caused noticeable CT number changes, especially in high-density materials (up to ±806 HU). In contrast, mAs had smaller effects (≤60 HU at 80 kVp; &lt;30 HU at ≥100 kVp). MU deviations from mismatched curves stayed within 0.72 %, below the ±2 % tolerance from IAEA TECDOC 1583. Image quality assessment showed consistent uniformity (±4 HU), noise (3.78–4.62 HU), spatial resolution of 6 lp/cm, and CNR &gt;1.2 across all kVp settings, aligning with AAPM TG-66 criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>kVp-specific calibration curves improve MU calculation accuracy. Adjusting kVp based on patient size helps optimize image quality and calibration stability. Both 100 and 140 kVp are viable alternatives to 120 kVp for CT simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated RP-HPLC degradation profiling and Monte Carlo modeling for evaluating gamma-ray radiosterilization suitability of imidazole antifungals","authors":"Abdelmoneim Saleh ,&nbsp;Zehra Üstün ,&nbsp;Ümit Kara","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces an integrated approach combining forced degradation analysis and Monte Carlo gamma modeling to assess the radiosterilization suitability of pharmaceutical compounds. Three imidazole antifungals were subjected to controlled UV (365 nm) and oxidative (3 % H₂O₂) stress conditions, and their degradation behavior was quantitatively assessed using validated reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), yielding percentage degradation, rate constants, and half-life values. UV degradation after 3h was highest for lanoconazole (70.97 %), followed by bifonazole (50.80 %) and butoconazole (15.44 %), confirming greater photostability for butoconazole. Under oxidative stress, bifonazole showed the highest resistance, while lanoconazole fully degraded within 12h. MCNPX Monte Carlo simulations revealed enhanced gamma attenuation and localized energy deposition for bifonazole, consistent with its experimental degradation resistance. Kerma and dose-rate analyses supported a balanced energy deposition profile for bifonazole, correlating with its experimental stability. The integration of chemical degradation profiling via RP-HPLC with physical interaction modeling via Monte Carlo simulations offers a predictive, quantitative framework for assessing radiosterilization tolerance. This approach reduces reliance on empirical irradiation trials, enables early identification of the most stable active pharmaceutical ingredients, and supports the optimization of sterilization protocols in pharmaceutical development. This framework enables early identification of radiation-stable APIs, minimizing empirical trials and supporting optimized sterilization strategies without compromising drug efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102132"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process analysis for strengthening radiation safety practices in operating theatre","authors":"Sahal Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Sultan Alamri ,&nbsp;Ahmad Joman Alghamdi ,&nbsp;Nahla L. Faizo ,&nbsp;Hamid Osman ,&nbsp;Mohammad AlTalhi ,&nbsp;Hasan Althumali ,&nbsp;Mansour Almalki ,&nbsp;Hatem Alotaibi ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alghoraibi ,&nbsp;Thamer Aljuaid ,&nbsp;Dalia Alharthi ,&nbsp;Abdulelah Alasmari","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radiation safety in operating theatres is critical due to the growing use of radiation-emitting equipment in surgical specialties. While individual knowledge and compliance have been widely studied, limited research has focused on the systemic processes influencing radiation protection implementation. This study aimed to analyze radiation safety processes across healthcare roles to identify factors that facilitate or hinder effective protection. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 212 healthcare professionals (116 technologists, 57 nurses, 26 surgeons, and 13 anesthesiologists) working in operating theatres with radiation-emitting equipment. The survey assessed process effectiveness in seven areas: safety checks, responsibility clarity, equipment accessibility, dosimeter use, communication, learning from incidents, and interdepartmental coordination. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and content analysis. Ethical approval was obtained, and the sample size was justified based on statistical power considerations. Significant variations in process effectiveness were found across roles, especially in equipment accessibility (p = 0.0039) and communication (p = 0.0201). Anesthesiologists reported higher effectiveness scores, while surgeons reported lower scores. Only 25 % of participants reported \"always accessible\" radiation protection equipment, and 30.7 % cited insufficient training as a major barrier. Team communication was the top enabler (44.8 %), while time pressure (28.8 %) and lack of awareness (29.2 %) were key barriers. Radiation safety in operating theatres is a systems issue requiring a focus on organizational processes, not just individual compliance. Addressing systemic factors, such as equipment accessibility and communication, is crucial for improving radiation safety.</div></div><div><h3>Keyords</h3><div>Radiation protection, Operation theatres, Safety, Saudi Arabia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dosimetric comparison of three sequential intensity-modulated radiotherapy planning methods in the Monaco system for postoperative left-sided breast cancer: A planning study","authors":"Lu Fu ,&nbsp;Pan Liu ,&nbsp;Xingtai Yang ,&nbsp;Lianhua Xiao ,&nbsp;Chaohui Long ,&nbsp;Qingping Liao ,&nbsp;Changwen Mei ,&nbsp;Jing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102103","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study aimed to investigate dosimetric differences among three distinct sequential radiotherapy planning techniques within the Monaco treatment planning system for patients undergoing postoperative radiotherapy for left-sided breast cancer.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A cohort of 31 patients who underwent breast-conserving surgery for left-sided breast cancer was selected. A baseline initial-phase treatment plan was created for each patient. Subsequently, second-phase sequential plans were designed using three different methods: Bias Plan, Sum Plan, and Rx Plan. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the dose distribution and various planning parameters was conducted using the three methods.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A comparative analysis of the three treatment plans revealed statistically significant differences in the dosimetric quality of the PTVboost (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). The metrics assessed were the near-maximum dose (D2 %), conformity index (CI), and homogeneity index (HI). The Bias Plan was found to be superior, demonstrating a significantly higher CI (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) and lower D2 % and HI values (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) than Sum and Rx Plans. Compared directly with the Sum Plan, the Bias Plan improved the CI by 8.6 % and the HI by 5.3 %. Therefore, the Bias Plan provided a more optimal dose distribution with enhanced conformity and homogeneity. An analysis of the dose to organs at risk (OARs) demonstrated significant inter-plan variations (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05) for several key metrics: heart D_mean and V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt;, left lung D_mean, right lung V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt;, and spinal cord D_max. In subsequent pairwise analyses, the Bias Plan consistently demonstrated superior sparing of the OARs. The V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt; of the heart was reduced by 2.5 % compared to the Sum Plan and 3.4 % compared to the Rx Plan. Similarly, the mean dose to the ipsilateral (left) lung decreased by 1.0 % and 1.7 %, while the maximum spinal cord dose decreased by 8.2 % and 6.9 % compared to Sum and Rx Plans, respectively. A comparison between Bias and Sum Plans exhibited a statistically significant advantage in heart V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt; (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.047), although the difference in D_mean was not significant. The analysis also identified that the Rx Plan delivered a significantly higher V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt; to the right lung than the Sum Plan (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.040). Analysis of dose to normal tissue revealed that the Bias Plan provided the best sparing, with significantly lower irradiated volumes across a range of low-to-intermediate dose levels (V&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt;–V&lt;sub&gt;40&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;sub&gt;Gy&lt;/sub&gt;) than the other plans (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.05). Specifically, the Rx Plan increased the average irradiated normal tissue volume by 2.9 % compared to the Bias Plan. However, this dosimetric advantage was associated with increased plan complexity and reduced delivery effic","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145734479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells mediated by Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway","authors":"Tingting Lin ,&nbsp;Qin Qiu ,&nbsp;Wenting Song","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><div>Ginsenoside Rg1 exhibits extensive pharmacological effects on various systems, including the nervous, cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, and immune systems. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1 on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) mediated by the Wnt/Ca²⁺ signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>hPDLSCs were isolated from healthy periodontal tissues of patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and cultured. Immunohistochemical staining utilizing stromal cell antigen-1 (STRO-1) and cluster of differentiation 146 (CD146) employed for cell identification. Cells were rolled into two groups regarding culture conditions: the control group (normal culture) and Rg1 group (cultured with the optimal concentration of 50 μmol/L Rg1 determined by MTT proliferation assay). The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was utilized to assess cell proliferation activity. The mRNA expression of stemness markers OCT4 and NANOG was evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) in undifferentiated hPDLSCs. Subsequently, osteogenic differentiation was induced utilizing a mineralization induction medium, followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction for assessment of the expression level of osteogenic-related genes, including Runt-related transcription factor 2 <em>(Runx2)</em>, Collagen1 (<em>COL1A1</em>), Osteopontin (<em>OPN</em>), and Osteocalcin (<em>OCN</em>). Alizarin red staining visualized mineralized nodules, and Western blot determined relative expression level of Wnt/Ca²⁺ signaling pathway proteins, including calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) and Nemo-like kinase (NLK).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Immunohistochemical staining revealed positive expression of STRO-1 and CD146 in hPDLSCs. Relative to the control group, the Rg1 group exhibited a drastic increase in cell proliferation activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Following osteogenic differentiation induction, the area of Alizarin red-stained mineralized nodules was notably greater in the Rg1 group versus the control group. Additionally, expression levels of <em>Runx2</em>, <em>COL1A1</em>, <em>OPN</em>, and <em>OCN</em> were greatly elevated, along with increased protein expression level of CaMKII and NLK (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Ginsenoside Rg1 promotes proliferation and enhances in vitro osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of hPDLSCs, potentially associated with modulation of CaMKII and NLK expression within the Wnt/Ca²⁺ pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-derived lysosome-dependent cell death signatures for prognostic stratification and immune microenvironment assessment in neuroblastoma","authors":"Shuran Zi,&nbsp;Di Yang,&nbsp;Yulei Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Develop an LDCD-based prognostic model for neuroblastoma, identify core LDCD-related biomarkers, and characterize links to the immune microenvironment and therapeutic response.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Bulk RNA-seq data from TARGET (n = 79) and GSE49710 (n = 483) were integrated; LDCD genes were curated from GeneCards. We evaluated 117 machine-learning model combinations (10 survival learners × 8 feature-selection strategies). Single-cell RNA-seq from GSE220946 (15 patients) was used to profile heterogeneity and cell–cell communication. Immune infiltration (ssGSEA), drug sensitivity to 198 compounds, and siRNA knockdown in five neuroblastoma cell lines were performed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ST6GAL2 and IL17RD were identified as LDCD-associated prognostic biomarkers that robustly stratified patients into risk groups with distinct survival. The optimized machine learning–derived risk model demonstrated consistent prognostic performance across training and validation cohorts, with area under the curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.715 to 0.833, exceeding a random baseline (AUC = 0.50). Importantly, this model complements established clinical systems, such as the INRG classification, by capturing LDCD-related transcriptional heterogeneity that is not explicitly represented in current clinicogenetic frameworks. Knockdown of ST6GAL2/IL17RD reduced cell viability across all tested cell lines. Single-cell analysis of 35,248 cells highlighted B cells as a prominent immune population linked to LDCD-related programs and metastatic features, and LDCD risk groups showed distinct immune infiltration, cell–cell communication, and drug sensitivity patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ST6GAL2 and IL17RD are prognostically relevant LDCD biomarkers in neuroblastoma, and the LDCD-informed model adds clinically complementary risk information while implicating B-cell–related signaling and lysosomal vulnerabilities as potential targets for refined risk-adapted therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage via different routes under CT guidance on obstructive jaundice","authors":"Chao Lu ,&nbsp;Zhida Long ,&nbsp;Zhixiang Xing,&nbsp;Bo Chen,&nbsp;Peng Zhou,&nbsp;Jiming Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the postoperative biochemical recovery and complications of computed tomography (CT)-guided Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage (PTBD) via left-lobe versus right-lobe approaches for malignant obstructive jaundice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this single-center retrospective study, 254 patients were categorized into two groups based on the hepatic access route: the Left-Lobe Group (puncture via segments S2/S3, n = 136) and the Right-Lobe Group (puncture via segments S5/S6 or conventional right pathways, n = 118). The comparison encompassed technical success, procedure-related parameters (number of puncture attempts, fluoroscopy time, total procedure time, radiation dose), postoperative recovery (hospital stay, duration of pain), serial liver function tests (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase [ALT], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alkaline phosphatase [ALP], gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase [GGT]) preoperatively and on days 3 and 7, and the incidence of procedure-related complications. Technical success was defined as successful placement of the drainage catheter into the target bile duct, confirmed by post-procedural cholangiography and established bile drainage.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Left-Lobe Group demonstrated a significantly higher technical success rate (89.71 % vs. 77.12 %, P = 0.007), corresponding to an absolute risk difference of 12.6 % (95 % CI: 3.5 %–21.7 %). Postoperatively, this group showed superior recovery: lower AST at 3 days (P = 0.019), lower direct bilirubin at 7 days (P &lt; 0.001), greater decline rates in ALP (P = 0.003) and GGT (P = 0.003) at 7 days. Complication rates were also significantly lower for bile leak (5.88 % vs. 15.25 %, P = 0.014), catheter occlusion (2.94 % vs. 11.02 %, P = 0.010), and pleural effusion (0.74 % vs. 7.63 %, P = 0.013). No major complications (severe hemorrhage requiring intervention or procedure-related mortality) occurred in either group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The left-lobe approach for CT-guided PTBD may be associated with higher technical success, more effective and rapid improvement in liver function, and suggests a lower rate of specific minor complications compared to the right-lobe approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation value of ultrasonic shear wave elastic imaging, MRI combined with ADC value in liver fibrosis degree of nonalcoholic fatty liver","authors":"Yang Liu,&nbsp;Fei Teng,&nbsp;Yan Ding,&nbsp;Jian Zhou,&nbsp;Qibo Cai,&nbsp;Yang Shi,&nbsp;Qi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2025.102135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the value of ultrasonic shear wave elastography (SWE), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).</div><div>150 patients with NAFLD were selected as the observation group, another 150 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. According to METAVIR score, the degree of liver fibrosis was divided into F0 stage, F1 stage, F2 stage, F3 stage and F4 stage. SWE, MRI and ADC values were detected in all subjects. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between each parameter and the stage of liver fibrosis.</div><div>The results of liver puncture pathology were the gold standard. Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF (Proton density fat fraction) in observation group were higher than those in control group, ADC was lower than those in control group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF in F4 group were higher than those in F3, F2, F1 and F0 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and ADC in F4 group was lower than that in F3, F2, F1 and F0 groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), and the differences among all groups were statistically significant (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Young's modulus and MRI-PDFF were positively correlated with the degree of NAFLD liver fibrosis, while ADC was negatively correlated (<em>r</em> = 0.662, 0.542, −0.571, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The <em>AUC</em> value of Young's modulus, MRI-PDFF and ADC values in the evaluation of the degree of NAFLD liver fibrosis was higher than that of single detection (<em>Z</em> = 3.283, 3.276, 4.038, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The calibration curve and receiver operating characteristic curve (<em>ROC</em>) showed that the model had better predictive value, and the plotted decision curve (DCA) also showed obvious positive net benefit.</div><div>The combined determination of SWE, MRI and ADC has higher value in evaluating the degree of liver fibrosis in NAFLD. The nomogram model established by this method has good predictive value.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid testing combined with high-resolution computed tomography of patients with invasive pulmonary fungal disease","authors":"Xiaojin Zheng ,&nbsp;Kaili Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrras.2026.102171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study was aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) testing plus high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of patients with invasive pulmonary fungal infection (IPFI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two hundred and thirty patients with invasive pulmonary fungal disease were rolled into invasive group (n = 104) and non-invasive group (n = 126) under the diagnostic criteria for IPFI. All patients underwent BALF testing and HRCT imaging. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of BALF testing, HRCT imaging, and their combination were calculated. Seven fungal species were identified in invasive group, with <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> exhibiting the highest isolation rate of 61 cases (58.65 %). BALF testing detected fungi in 87 patients, including 57 cases of <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>, demonstrating a concordance rate of 93.44 %.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of IPFI was 45.22 % (104/230). HRCT findings revealed that invasive fungal infections predominantly affected the left upper lobe (51 cases, 25.89 %). Radiological features included cavities (36.54 %), solitary nodules or masses (25.96 %), aspergillomas (16.35 %), and patchy or consolidative opacities (21.15 %). 1,3-β-D-glucan in serum and galactomannan (GM) in BALF in the invasive group was relatively higher than non-invasive group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). BALF testing demonstrated a sensitivity of 73.08 %, specificity of 91.27 %, PPV of 87.36 %, NPV of 80.42 %, and an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.591. HRCT imaging showed a sensitivity of 65.38 %, specificity of 92.06 %, PPV of 87.18 %, NPV of 76.32 %, and an AUC of 0.724. Combined testing (BALF + HRCT) exhibited superior performance, achieving a sensitivity of 84.62 %, specificity of 93.65 %, PPV of 91.67 %, NPV of 88.06 %, and an AUC of 0.807.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The combination of BALF testing and chest HRCT demonstrates high diagnostic value for IPFI, greatly improving sensitivity and specificity. This integrated approach shows promising diagnostic value and may provide a useful basis for clinical decision-making, though findings require validation in larger, prospective, multi-center studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16920,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radiation Research and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"Article 102171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}