Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_23_20
M. Soodi, Mohsen Shamsi, H. Hajimehdipoor, A. Ghazanfari
{"title":"Study of monoamine oxidase inhibitory effects of seven Iranian medicinal plant extracts","authors":"M. Soodi, Mohsen Shamsi, H. Hajimehdipoor, A. Ghazanfari","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_23_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_23_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_104_19
Amuthalakshmi Sivaperuman, N. Nagarajan, Uma Jayapaul
For the first time, a new, simple, precise reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine hydrochloride in capsule dosage form. The method was performed with Thermo, C8 (150 mm×4.6) column. The best separation was achieved by gradient elution with mobile phase of acetonitrile, water (40:60), and 20 mm phosphate buffer with 10% w/v sodium hydroxide (pH 7.5) with a detection wavelength of 215 nm. The separation was completed within 15 min of runtime. The retention time of metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine hydrochloride was found to be 1.79, 2.45, and 11.50 min, respectively. The proposed method was found to be linear. The method was statistically validated as per the ICH guidelines and shown to be simple, accurate, precise, linear, and reproducible in the range of 40.2–60, 40.2–60.4, and 3–5 µg/mL for metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine, respectively. For the first time, the developed method foretells the suitability of the method for the simultaneous estimation of three drugs in the commercially available dosage forms.
{"title":"Simultaneous RP-HPLC estimation and validation of metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine in capsule","authors":"Amuthalakshmi Sivaperuman, N. Nagarajan, Uma Jayapaul","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_104_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_104_19","url":null,"abstract":"For the first time, a new, simple, precise reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous estimation of metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine hydrochloride in capsule dosage form. The method was performed with Thermo, C8 (150 mm×4.6) column. The best separation was achieved by gradient elution with mobile phase of acetonitrile, water (40:60), and 20 mm phosphate buffer with 10% w/v sodium hydroxide (pH 7.5) with a detection wavelength of 215 nm. The separation was completed within 15 min of runtime. The retention time of metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine hydrochloride was found to be 1.79, 2.45, and 11.50 min, respectively. The proposed method was found to be linear. The method was statistically validated as per the ICH guidelines and shown to be simple, accurate, precise, linear, and reproducible in the range of 40.2–60, 40.2–60.4, and 3–5 µg/mL for metronidazole, furazolidone, and dicyclomine, respectively. For the first time, the developed method foretells the suitability of the method for the simultaneous estimation of three drugs in the commercially available dosage forms.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"15 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42252231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_118_20
M. Rashid, M. Ganaie, Shamshir Khan, N. Akhtar, Makhmur Ahmad, S. Shams, Omer Hamid Bilal, D. Bisht
Background: A literature survey showed that significant work has been done to evaluate antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants and their constituents. Thousands of phytoconstituents are tested against a wide range of microbial strains in vitro, in vivo, and clinically. Black cumin oil obtained from the seeds of Nigella sativa L. is used as carminative, stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue, lactagogue, and anthelmintic. Seed oil is applied externally on skin as antiseptic, emollient, and to prevent cold symptoms. Many studies have displayed the antimicrobial activity of black seed oil against a variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, a comparative antibacterial activity of black cumin oil of Saudi Arabian, Syrian seeds, and marketed/branded oil was undertaken. Materials and Methods: Black cumin oil (12%) is obtained from Saudi and Syrian originated seeds by the soxhlet extraction method. Agar disc diffusion method was applied for antibacterial activity of each oil and two marketed oils. Antibacterial activity of different black cumin oil samples has been evaluated against standard Escherichia coli, standard Klebsiella pneumonia, and standard Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening is also done to check the presence of phytoconstituents, which might be responsible for the activity. Results: All black cumin oil samples are found to be sensitive to S. aureus only. Black cumin of Saudi originated seeds showed higher activity than Syrian. Seeds oil of Syria had almost similar activity to one of the marketed oils (M1). Another marketed black cumin oil (M2) showed highest antibacterial activity among all types of oils. Phytochemical screening of these oils showed the presence of steroids and alkaloids, which might be responsible for the activity. Several factors that affect the phytochemical variations are environmental, geographical, agricultural, and extraction conditions, which result in differences in their antibacterial activity. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that all samples of black cumin oils have antibacterial activity against S. aureus (Gram-positive bacteria). Therefore, they might be considered as possible alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment of S. aureus infections.
{"title":"Comparative antibacterial study of black cumin oil of Saudi and Syrian origin seeds with the commercial product","authors":"M. Rashid, M. Ganaie, Shamshir Khan, N. Akhtar, Makhmur Ahmad, S. Shams, Omer Hamid Bilal, D. Bisht","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_118_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_118_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A literature survey showed that significant work has been done to evaluate antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants and their constituents. Thousands of phytoconstituents are tested against a wide range of microbial strains in vitro, in vivo, and clinically. Black cumin oil obtained from the seeds of Nigella sativa L. is used as carminative, stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue, lactagogue, and anthelmintic. Seed oil is applied externally on skin as antiseptic, emollient, and to prevent cold symptoms. Many studies have displayed the antimicrobial activity of black seed oil against a variety of microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In the present study, a comparative antibacterial activity of black cumin oil of Saudi Arabian, Syrian seeds, and marketed/branded oil was undertaken. Materials and Methods: Black cumin oil (12%) is obtained from Saudi and Syrian originated seeds by the soxhlet extraction method. Agar disc diffusion method was applied for antibacterial activity of each oil and two marketed oils. Antibacterial activity of different black cumin oil samples has been evaluated against standard Escherichia coli, standard Klebsiella pneumonia, and standard Staphylococcus aureus. Phytochemical screening is also done to check the presence of phytoconstituents, which might be responsible for the activity. Results: All black cumin oil samples are found to be sensitive to S. aureus only. Black cumin of Saudi originated seeds showed higher activity than Syrian. Seeds oil of Syria had almost similar activity to one of the marketed oils (M1). Another marketed black cumin oil (M2) showed highest antibacterial activity among all types of oils. Phytochemical screening of these oils showed the presence of steroids and alkaloids, which might be responsible for the activity. Several factors that affect the phytochemical variations are environmental, geographical, agricultural, and extraction conditions, which result in differences in their antibacterial activity. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that all samples of black cumin oils have antibacterial activity against S. aureus (Gram-positive bacteria). Therefore, they might be considered as possible alternatives to antibiotics for the treatment of S. aureus infections.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"148 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49380495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_7_21
H. Mohamed, E. El-wakil, E. Abdel-hameed, M. El-hashash, Mohamed A Shemis
Context: People all over the world are suffering from cancer. Liver cancer is considered the second most common malignancy among Egyptian men and the sixth most common malignancy among Egyptian women. Plant-derived antioxidants are believed to prevent or delay the occurrence of many chronic diseases such as cancer. Ailanthus altissima has been used in many traditional prescriptions. Aims: The current study aimed at investigating the phytochemical profile of A. altissima leaves’ extract and its derived fractions, determining their content of phenolics and flavonoids as well as assessing their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and flavonol contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and aluminum chloride/ sodium acetate assays, respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro methods: DPPH•, total antioxidant capacity, hydroxyl (•OH), nitric oxide (NO•) radical scavenging activities, and permanganate-reducing antioxidant capacity (PRAC). The antiproliferative potential against HepG2 cells was evaluated using sulforhodamine-B assay (SRB). Results: The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest content of phenolics, flavonoids, and flavonols (551.72 ± 1.81 mg GAE/g ext., 371.24 ± 4.36 mg RE/g ext., and 100.47 ± 1.30 mg QE/g ext., respectively). It also had the most potent reducing power (DPPH• SC50 = 7.19 ± 0.05 µg/mL, TAC= 369.88 ± 1.51 mg AAE/g ext., •OH SA = 95.46 ± 0.14%, NO• SA = 40.65 ± 0.91%, and PRAC = 77.19 ± 0.27%). The n-butanol fraction exhibited the most potent cytotoxic potential against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 16.70 µg/mL). Conclusion: A. altissima leaves could be considered potent antioxidant and cytotoxic alternatives.
{"title":"Evaluation of total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) swingle leaves","authors":"H. Mohamed, E. El-wakil, E. Abdel-hameed, M. El-hashash, Mohamed A Shemis","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_7_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_7_21","url":null,"abstract":"Context: People all over the world are suffering from cancer. Liver cancer is considered the second most common malignancy among Egyptian men and the sixth most common malignancy among Egyptian women. Plant-derived antioxidants are believed to prevent or delay the occurrence of many chronic diseases such as cancer. Ailanthus altissima has been used in many traditional prescriptions. Aims: The current study aimed at investigating the phytochemical profile of A. altissima leaves’ extract and its derived fractions, determining their content of phenolics and flavonoids as well as assessing their antioxidant and cytotoxic potential. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical screening was carried out using standard methods. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and flavonol contents were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminum chloride, and aluminum chloride/ sodium acetate assays, respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using different in vitro methods: DPPH•, total antioxidant capacity, hydroxyl (•OH), nitric oxide (NO•) radical scavenging activities, and permanganate-reducing antioxidant capacity (PRAC). The antiproliferative potential against HepG2 cells was evaluated using sulforhodamine-B assay (SRB). Results: The results showed that the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest content of phenolics, flavonoids, and flavonols (551.72 ± 1.81 mg GAE/g ext., 371.24 ± 4.36 mg RE/g ext., and 100.47 ± 1.30 mg QE/g ext., respectively). It also had the most potent reducing power (DPPH• SC50 = 7.19 ± 0.05 µg/mL, TAC= 369.88 ± 1.51 mg AAE/g ext., •OH SA = 95.46 ± 0.14%, NO• SA = 40.65 ± 0.91%, and PRAC = 77.19 ± 0.27%). The n-butanol fraction exhibited the most potent cytotoxic potential against HepG2 cells (IC50 = 16.70 µg/mL). Conclusion: A. altissima leaves could be considered potent antioxidant and cytotoxic alternatives.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"130 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45550717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_66_20
Alireza Karimollah, Anahid Hemmatpur, M. Asadi, Mohammad Hadinedoushan
Background: Paroxetine has been a commonly prescribed antidepressant for treatment of major depression and various anxiety disorders for almost 30 years due to its fewer side effects and toxicity compared with its counterparts. Despite several investigations performed, the paroxetine immunoregulatory effect in healthy subjects is still controversial. In this study, the paroxetine effect on the cell proliferation along with IL-4 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of physically and mentally healthy subjects is investigated. Materials and Methods: Blood was drawn from 20 healthy subjects and PBMCs were isolated. Cells were treated with paroxetine and/or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 72 h. IL-4 and IFN-γ concentrations were assessed in the supernatant using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The BrdU cell proliferation assay was also performed to evaluate the paroxetine effect on PBMCs in the absence or presence of PHA. Results: Paroxetine (25 μM) significantly inhibited the production of IL-4 and IFN-γ in PHA-stimulated human PBMC cultures. Surprisingly, paroxetine suppressed cell proliferation in the unstimulated culture in a dose-independent manner. Paroxetine also attenuated cell proliferation in the PHA-stimulated culture, especially at 25 μM concentration. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that paroxetine can be a potent therapeutic option in inflammatory diseases by balancing immune responses.
{"title":"Immunoregulatory effects of paroxetine in healthy volunteers: An in vitro investigation","authors":"Alireza Karimollah, Anahid Hemmatpur, M. Asadi, Mohammad Hadinedoushan","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_66_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_66_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paroxetine has been a commonly prescribed antidepressant for treatment of major depression and various anxiety disorders for almost 30 years due to its fewer side effects and toxicity compared with its counterparts. Despite several investigations performed, the paroxetine immunoregulatory effect in healthy subjects is still controversial. In this study, the paroxetine effect on the cell proliferation along with IL-4 and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) secretion in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of physically and mentally healthy subjects is investigated. Materials and Methods: Blood was drawn from 20 healthy subjects and PBMCs were isolated. Cells were treated with paroxetine and/or phytohemagglutinin (PHA) for 72 h. IL-4 and IFN-γ concentrations were assessed in the supernatant using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The BrdU cell proliferation assay was also performed to evaluate the paroxetine effect on PBMCs in the absence or presence of PHA. Results: Paroxetine (25 μM) significantly inhibited the production of IL-4 and IFN-γ in PHA-stimulated human PBMC cultures. Surprisingly, paroxetine suppressed cell proliferation in the unstimulated culture in a dose-independent manner. Paroxetine also attenuated cell proliferation in the PHA-stimulated culture, especially at 25 μM concentration. Conclusion: The obtained results suggest that paroxetine can be a potent therapeutic option in inflammatory diseases by balancing immune responses.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"118 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45642259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_37_20
Mahtab Azarbaijani, Mehdi Kian, H. Soraya
Background: The anti-inflammatory effect of memantine (MEM) was investigated using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6). Group 1 received 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenan at the right hind paw. Group 2 received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) and Groups 3, 4, and 5 received 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg MEM intraperitoneally (ip), 20 min after injection of carrageenan into the right hind paw, respectively. Animals’ paw thickness was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h after carrageenan injection. Then, animals were euthanized and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the paw tissues. The tissue samples were further examined histopathologically using light microscopy. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was used to compare the mean values between the groups. Results: Treating with MEM at all doses significantly decreased hind paw thickness at 2 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 at MEM 10 mg/kg and MEM 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively), 3 (P < 0.001), and 4 (P < 0.001 at 5 mg/kg and P < 0.01 at MEM 10 and 20 mg/kg) hours after carrageenan injection in comparison to the carrageenan group. There was a significant (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) reduction in MPO activity and MDA levels in MEM-treated groups when compared with the carrageenan group. Conclusion: This study showed that MEM decreased paw edema, leukocyte infiltration, MPO activity, and MDA levels, and MEM can be considered as an effective anti-inflammatory agent.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effects of memantine in carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats","authors":"Mahtab Azarbaijani, Mehdi Kian, H. Soraya","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_37_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_37_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The anti-inflammatory effect of memantine (MEM) was investigated using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema model in rats. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n = 6). Group 1 received 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenan at the right hind paw. Group 2 received dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) and Groups 3, 4, and 5 received 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg MEM intraperitoneally (ip), 20 min after injection of carrageenan into the right hind paw, respectively. Animals’ paw thickness was measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 h after carrageenan injection. Then, animals were euthanized and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in the paw tissues. The tissue samples were further examined histopathologically using light microscopy. One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test was used to compare the mean values between the groups. Results: Treating with MEM at all doses significantly decreased hind paw thickness at 2 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 at MEM 10 mg/kg and MEM 5 and 20 mg/kg, respectively), 3 (P < 0.001), and 4 (P < 0.001 at 5 mg/kg and P < 0.01 at MEM 10 and 20 mg/kg) hours after carrageenan injection in comparison to the carrageenan group. There was a significant (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) reduction in MPO activity and MDA levels in MEM-treated groups when compared with the carrageenan group. Conclusion: This study showed that MEM decreased paw edema, leukocyte infiltration, MPO activity, and MDA levels, and MEM can be considered as an effective anti-inflammatory agent.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"60 - 65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44031736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_25_20
Mouna Menakh, Saber Boutellaa, D. Mahdi, A. Zellagui, M. Lahouel, M. Ozturk
{"title":"Hepatoprotective effects of Hertia cheirifolia butanolic extract and selenium against CCl4-induced toxicity in rats","authors":"Mouna Menakh, Saber Boutellaa, D. Mahdi, A. Zellagui, M. Lahouel, M. Ozturk","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_25_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_25_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_124_20
S. Asadpour, Sajjad Jazayeri Farsani, A. Semnani, Shima Ghanavati Nasab
{"title":"Quantitative structure–activity relationship modeling of some naphthoquinone derivatives as inhibitors of pathogenic agent IDO1","authors":"S. Asadpour, Sajjad Jazayeri Farsani, A. Semnani, Shima Ghanavati Nasab","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_124_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_124_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70821837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_91_20
R. Mallya, Juhi Desai
{"title":"A review on novel topical formulations of vitamins","authors":"R. Mallya, Juhi Desai","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_91_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.jrptps_91_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70822071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_134_19
A. Ainurofiq, D. Putro, Dhea A. Ramadhani, Gemala Putra, Laura Do Espirito Santo
One of the most important parameters in pharmacy is drug solubility. Solubility affects the efficacy of a drug. Drug solubility has an important role in determining the concentration of a drug to achieve the necessary pharmacological response, as all drugs absorbed by the body must be in the form of a solution. Drug solubility is quite a common issue and affects the bioavailability of a drug in the body. Drugs with low solubility are poorly absorbed, resulting in poor bioavailability. Many methods have been developed for increasing the solubility of a drug. In this review, we will describe possible efforts for improving the solubility of a drug, e.g., reducing particle size, surfactants, the use of nanosuspension technology, solid dispersion, salt formation, pH adjustment, hydrotropy, cocrystal, amorphous compound formation, and inclusion complexes. The main objective of this review was to focus on efforts that can increase the solubility of a drug to obtain good drug efficacy.
{"title":"A review on solubility enhancement methods for poorly water-soluble drugs","authors":"A. Ainurofiq, D. Putro, Dhea A. Ramadhani, Gemala Putra, Laura Do Espirito Santo","doi":"10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_134_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jrptps.JRPTPS_134_19","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important parameters in pharmacy is drug solubility. Solubility affects the efficacy of a drug. Drug solubility has an important role in determining the concentration of a drug to achieve the necessary pharmacological response, as all drugs absorbed by the body must be in the form of a solution. Drug solubility is quite a common issue and affects the bioavailability of a drug in the body. Drugs with low solubility are poorly absorbed, resulting in poor bioavailability. Many methods have been developed for increasing the solubility of a drug. In this review, we will describe possible efforts for improving the solubility of a drug, e.g., reducing particle size, surfactants, the use of nanosuspension technology, solid dispersion, salt formation, pH adjustment, hydrotropy, cocrystal, amorphous compound formation, and inclusion complexes. The main objective of this review was to focus on efforts that can increase the solubility of a drug to obtain good drug efficacy.","PeriodicalId":16966,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Reports in Pharmaceutical Sciences","volume":"10 1","pages":"137 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45173368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：