Background: Brucellosis is a public health problem in the world. Several diagnostic tests have been proposedfor the diagnosis of brucellosis, including Standard Agglutination Test (SAT) and Coombs anti-brucella tests.However these tests does not discriminate the immunoglobulin classes of this condition. The aim of current studywas to explore the sensitivity and specificity of Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) IgG and IgM tests in patients withBrucella bacteremia. Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with clinical features suggestive of Brucellosisand were positive blood cultures for Brucella species, were enrolled. Brucella enzyme linked immunosorbentassay test determining the Brucella specific IgG and IgM, antibodies was utilized for the diagnosis of Brucellosis. Results: 31 patients including 18male (52.2%) and 13 female (47.8%) were used for IgG and IgM tests. 23 subjects had a history of dairy consumption. In 6subjects (20.3%) the history of brucellosis in family waspositive.2 subjects had contact with cattles. Our data showed that the sensitivity, specificity, PVP and PVN ofIgMwere100, 72.7,100 and 83.3%, while these values in IgG test were 100, 63.3, 86.9, 100% respectively. Conclusion: Our findings further confirmed that diagnostic value of ELISA based IgG and IgM with highsensitivity, compared to agglutination test, suggesting its value as a simple, rapid, sensitive and reliable methodfor the diagnosis of brucellosis. Keywords: ELISA, IgG, IgM, Brucellosis
{"title":"Sensitivity and specificity of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays in Brucellosis","authors":"A. Sharif, Z. Soleimani, Kataneh Khamooshi","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.228","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Brucellosis is a public health problem in the world. Several diagnostic tests have been proposedfor the diagnosis of brucellosis, including Standard Agglutination Test (SAT) and Coombs anti-brucella tests.However these tests does not discriminate the immunoglobulin classes of this condition. The aim of current studywas to explore the sensitivity and specificity of Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) IgG and IgM tests in patients withBrucella bacteremia. Material and Methods: Thirty-one patients with clinical features suggestive of Brucellosisand were positive blood cultures for Brucella species, were enrolled. Brucella enzyme linked immunosorbentassay test determining the Brucella specific IgG and IgM, antibodies was utilized for the diagnosis of Brucellosis. Results: 31 patients including 18male (52.2%) and 13 female (47.8%) were used for IgG and IgM tests. 23 subjects had a history of dairy consumption. In 6subjects (20.3%) the history of brucellosis in family waspositive.2 subjects had contact with cattles. Our data showed that the sensitivity, specificity, PVP and PVN ofIgMwere100, 72.7,100 and 83.3%, while these values in IgG test were 100, 63.3, 86.9, 100% respectively. Conclusion: Our findings further confirmed that diagnostic value of ELISA based IgG and IgM with highsensitivity, compared to agglutination test, suggesting its value as a simple, rapid, sensitive and reliable methodfor the diagnosis of brucellosis. Keywords: ELISA, IgG, IgM, Brucellosis","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"17-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: To enhance and possibly overcome limits in the biological potential, several research approaches have assessed the possible benefits of GTR modulation by root surface conditioning agents. Objective: A Comparison of bio resorbable membrane alone or in Combination with tetracycline root conditioning in treating intrabony defects. Material & Methods: Study design: A case-control study. Setting: Department of Periodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut Uttar Pradesh, India. Participants: 20 patients Sampling: Random sampling. Statistical Analysis: Data entry and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 10. Unpaired student “t”test was applied Results: On comparing the values of pocket depth (PD) and depth of defect area (INFRA I) Group A and Group B patients at baseline and 6 months, a decrease in the PD and INFRA I after the treatment were observed. Intergroup comparison of the treatment outcomes on PD and INFRA I revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that combining GTR technique with the TTC-HCl root conditioning does not improve the results in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes. Keywords: Guided tissue regeneration, Bioresorbable membranes, Tetracycline root conditioning
{"title":"A Comparison of bioresorbable membrane alone or in Combination with tetracycline root conditioning in treating intrabony defects","authors":"R. Khan, M. H. Khan","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.215","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To enhance and possibly overcome limits in the biological potential, several research approaches have assessed the possible benefits of GTR modulation by root surface conditioning agents. Objective: A Comparison of bio resorbable membrane alone or in Combination with tetracycline root conditioning in treating intrabony defects. Material & Methods: Study design: A case-control study. Setting: Department of Periodontics, Subharti Dental College, Meerut Uttar Pradesh, India. Participants: 20 patients Sampling: Random sampling. Statistical Analysis: Data entry and statistical analysis were carried out using SPSS 10. Unpaired student “t”test was applied Results: On comparing the values of pocket depth (PD) and depth of defect area (INFRA I) Group A and Group B patients at baseline and 6 months, a decrease in the PD and INFRA I after the treatment were observed. Intergroup comparison of the treatment outcomes on PD and INFRA I revealed no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion: It was concluded that combining GTR technique with the TTC-HCl root conditioning does not improve the results in terms of clinical and radiographic outcomes. Keywords: Guided tissue regeneration, Bioresorbable membranes, Tetracycline root conditioning","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"248-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Tabatabaei, R. Razzaghi, Z. Soleimani, S. Nouri
Background: Hearing loss is considered as one of the complications in diabetic patients. However, studies reported conflicting results on the relationship between diabetes and hearing loss. Objectives: This study aimed to investigateand compare the prevalence of hearing loss in patients with diabetes mellitus and a group of non-diabetic people. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 80 patients with diabetes and 80 non-diabetic subjects.Subjects in the case group were selected among the diabetic patients registered in the diabetes centers of Isfahanprovince. Subjects in the control group were selected among non-diabetic individuals referring to the blood bank todonate blood. The instrument used for data collection included of questions on the subjects demographics and a special form for recording the results of the subjects’ laboratory examinations including HbA1c, TSH, Cr and theresult of the audiometric examinations. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test andt-test or nonparametric equivalents. Results: Compared with non-diabetic subjects, hearing loss in sounds with high frequencies was more common in patients with diabetes (P value = 0.001), the mean creatinine was significantly different in diabetic patients with and without hearing loss at noise frequencies of 4 KHz and 8 KHz (P value< 0.05). However, hemoglobin A1C, duration of diabetes and BMI were not significantly associated with hearing loss. Conclusion: Hearing impairment in high frequency sounds is more common in diabetics than healthy individuals.The severity of hearing loss in patients with diabetes is also associated with the levels of creatinine. Keywords: Hearing Loss, Diabetes mellitus, Audiometry
{"title":"The risk factors of hearing loss in diabetes mellitus","authors":"F. Tabatabaei, R. Razzaghi, Z. Soleimani, S. Nouri","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.234","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hearing loss is considered as one of the complications in diabetic patients. However, studies reported conflicting results on the relationship between diabetes and hearing loss. Objectives: This study aimed to investigateand compare the prevalence of hearing loss in patients with diabetes mellitus and a group of non-diabetic people. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 80 patients with diabetes and 80 non-diabetic subjects.Subjects in the case group were selected among the diabetic patients registered in the diabetes centers of Isfahanprovince. Subjects in the control group were selected among non-diabetic individuals referring to the blood bank todonate blood. The instrument used for data collection included of questions on the subjects demographics and a special form for recording the results of the subjects’ laboratory examinations including HbA1c, TSH, Cr and theresult of the audiometric examinations. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test andt-test or nonparametric equivalents. Results: Compared with non-diabetic subjects, hearing loss in sounds with high frequencies was more common in patients with diabetes (P value = 0.001), the mean creatinine was significantly different in diabetic patients with and without hearing loss at noise frequencies of 4 KHz and 8 KHz (P value< 0.05). However, hemoglobin A1C, duration of diabetes and BMI were not significantly associated with hearing loss. Conclusion: Hearing impairment in high frequency sounds is more common in diabetics than healthy individuals.The severity of hearing loss in patients with diabetes is also associated with the levels of creatinine. Keywords: Hearing Loss, Diabetes mellitus, Audiometry","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"51-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69151168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosaiah Kanaparthy, Aruna Kanaparthy, N. Boreak, Redhwan Aslami
Background: With available esthetic dental materials in dentistry, satisfactory restoration of anterior teeth is possible. However in addition to the material aspect, the size and form to be given to the maxillary teeth assumes great significance. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the existence of golden proportion in the widths of maxillary anterior teeth. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 male and 30 female students studying in the College Of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The students were screened for the fulfillment of selection criteria, Alginate impressions were taken and dental casts of maxillary arches made. The widths of anterior central incisors, lateral incisors and canines were measured using a digital caliper. The existence of golden proportion was investigated in the width ratios of the maxillary anterior teeth. Results: Comparison of perceived width ratios of lateral to central and canine to lateral with the golden proportion of 0.618 was carried out. In males the results showed that while the mean width ratio for the lateral to canine corresponded to the golden proportion, the lateral to central ratio did not correspond to the golden proportion. In females, the central to lateral ratio was in accordance with the golden proportion but not the canine to lateral ratio. Conclusion: Golden proportion was found to exist in the mean width ratios of canine-lateral teeth in males and in the mean width ratio of maxillary central and lateral teeth in females. Keywords: Golden proportion, anterior teeth, esthetic dentistry, canine-lateral width- ratio
{"title":"Evaluation of widths of maxillary anterior teeth and their relation to the golden proportion in the southwestern part of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Rosaiah Kanaparthy, Aruna Kanaparthy, N. Boreak, Redhwan Aslami","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: With available esthetic dental materials in dentistry, satisfactory restoration of anterior teeth is possible. However in addition to the material aspect, the size and form to be given to the maxillary teeth assumes great significance. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the existence of golden proportion in the widths of maxillary anterior teeth. Methods: This study was conducted with 30 male and 30 female students studying in the College Of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. The students were screened for the fulfillment of selection criteria, Alginate impressions were taken and dental casts of maxillary arches made. The widths of anterior central incisors, lateral incisors and canines were measured using a digital caliper. The existence of golden proportion was investigated in the width ratios of the maxillary anterior teeth. Results: Comparison of perceived width ratios of lateral to central and canine to lateral with the golden proportion of 0.618 was carried out. In males the results showed that while the mean width ratio for the lateral to canine corresponded to the golden proportion, the lateral to central ratio did not correspond to the golden proportion. In females, the central to lateral ratio was in accordance with the golden proportion but not the canine to lateral ratio. Conclusion: Golden proportion was found to exist in the mean width ratios of canine-lateral teeth in males and in the mean width ratio of maxillary central and lateral teeth in females. Keywords: Golden proportion, anterior teeth, esthetic dentistry, canine-lateral width- ratio","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"83-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69149193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Modi, Suchi Shah, U. Lalwani, Shailesh G. Mundhava, A. Singh
Background:To analyze prescription pattern of drugs and its cost in indoor malaria patients in year 2013-14 at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods:It was a record based, retrospective, observational study carried out in PDU Medical College Rajkot Gujarat, in which prescription pattern of drugs and cost of the therapy of indoor malaria patients of the year 2013-14 were analyzed. Results:Out of 100 patients, 59 were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (59%) and 38 withPlasmodium vivax (38%). Most of the complicated cases were found from Plasmodium falciparum (n = 29) than Plasmodium vivax (n = 2). In prescriptions, total 2238 drugs were prescribed to treat 100 cases out of which 69 were successfully treated.67.42% of the drugs were prescribed by parenteral route (n =1509).The average number of drugs per encounter was 6.11.Total 432 antimalarial and 259 antimicrobials drugs were used in this study. 59.02% of drugs were prescribed by generic name (n =1322). 8.40% of drugs were prescribed from outside (n = 188).Majority of the drugs (96.20%) were from EML. Average drug cost to treat complicated P. falciparum case (485.68 INR) was found to be higher than uncomplicated P. falciparum (297.35 INR). Same applies in case of P. vivax. Conclusion:This study showed that there was irrational use of anti-malarial drugs and the treatment guidelines given by NVBDCP, India were not being followed. This caused increase in cost of treatment and in long term this may even contribute to drug resistance. Interventions are necessary to improve rational drug use in our facility. Key words:Malaria, Prescription pattern, Cost
{"title":"A Retrospective Study to Analyze Prescription Pattern and Cost of Anti-Malarial Drugs in Indoor Malaria Patients at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital -","authors":"J. Modi, Suchi Shah, U. Lalwani, Shailesh G. Mundhava, A. Singh","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.193","url":null,"abstract":"Background:To analyze prescription pattern of drugs and its cost in indoor malaria patients in year 2013-14 at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Materials and Methods:It was a record based, retrospective, observational study carried out in PDU Medical College Rajkot Gujarat, in which prescription pattern of drugs and cost of the therapy of indoor malaria patients of the year 2013-14 were analyzed. Results:Out of 100 patients, 59 were infected with Plasmodium falciparum (59%) and 38 withPlasmodium vivax (38%). Most of the complicated cases were found from Plasmodium falciparum (n = 29) than Plasmodium vivax (n = 2). In prescriptions, total 2238 drugs were prescribed to treat 100 cases out of which 69 were successfully treated.67.42% of the drugs were prescribed by parenteral route (n =1509).The average number of drugs per encounter was 6.11.Total 432 antimalarial and 259 antimicrobials drugs were used in this study. 59.02% of drugs were prescribed by generic name (n =1322). 8.40% of drugs were prescribed from outside (n = 188).Majority of the drugs (96.20%) were from EML. Average drug cost to treat complicated P. falciparum case (485.68 INR) was found to be higher than uncomplicated P. falciparum (297.35 INR). Same applies in case of P. vivax. Conclusion:This study showed that there was irrational use of anti-malarial drugs and the treatment guidelines given by NVBDCP, India were not being followed. This caused increase in cost of treatment and in long term this may even contribute to drug resistance. Interventions are necessary to improve rational drug use in our facility. Key words:Malaria, Prescription pattern, Cost","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"146-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69149314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parevee Dalal, Jayshri Pethani, Hetal Sida, H. Shah
Background: Urinary tract infections are amongst the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. Area specific monitoring studies aimed to gain knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTIs and their resistance patterns may help the clinician to choose the correct empirical treatment. Objective: We aimed to study the antibiotic resistance pattern of the urinary pathogens isolated from patients in our tertiary care hospital. Methods: This observational study was conducted at N.H.L. Medical College and V.S. Hospital, Ahmedabad Gujarat, India from January to June 2016. The study included all the patients who were admitted or visited the outpatient department in the hospital with symptoms of UTI and had UTI confirmed by positive urine culture reports. Culture and antibiotic susceptibility was carried out as per standard microbiological procedures. Results: Significant bacteriuria was present in 24.26% of the samples, 64.58% were sterile and 11.16% showed insignificant bacteriuria. The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (61.42%), Klebsiella spp (14.22%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.02%). For enterobacteriaceae isolates the mean resistance was low for cefoperazone sulbactam (34.4%), amikacin (29.4%), nitrofurantoin (27.6%) and carbapenems (30%). Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: A high isolation rate of pathogens from urine samples of clinically suspected UTI shows a good correlation between clinical findings and microbiological methods. The antibiotics commonly used in UTIs are less effective. Regular monitoring is required to establish reliable information about resistance pattern of urinary pathogens for optimal empirical therapy of patients with UTIs. Key Words: Urinary Tract Infection, Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiogram.
{"title":"Microbiological profile of urinary tract infection in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Parevee Dalal, Jayshri Pethani, Hetal Sida, H. Shah","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.206","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Urinary tract infections are amongst the most common infections encountered in clinical practice. Area specific monitoring studies aimed to gain knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTIs and their resistance patterns may help the clinician to choose the correct empirical treatment. Objective: We aimed to study the antibiotic resistance pattern of the urinary pathogens isolated from patients in our tertiary care hospital. Methods: This observational study was conducted at N.H.L. Medical College and V.S. Hospital, Ahmedabad Gujarat, India from January to June 2016. The study included all the patients who were admitted or visited the outpatient department in the hospital with symptoms of UTI and had UTI confirmed by positive urine culture reports. Culture and antibiotic susceptibility was carried out as per standard microbiological procedures. Results: Significant bacteriuria was present in 24.26% of the samples, 64.58% were sterile and 11.16% showed insignificant bacteriuria. The most common pathogens isolated were Escherichia coli (61.42%), Klebsiella spp (14.22%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (8.02%). For enterobacteriaceae isolates the mean resistance was low for cefoperazone sulbactam (34.4%), amikacin (29.4%), nitrofurantoin (27.6%) and carbapenems (30%). Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were highly resistant to multiple antimicrobial agents. Conclusion: A high isolation rate of pathogens from urine samples of clinically suspected UTI shows a good correlation between clinical findings and microbiological methods. The antibiotics commonly used in UTIs are less effective. Regular monitoring is required to establish reliable information about resistance pattern of urinary pathogens for optimal empirical therapy of patients with UTIs. Key Words: Urinary Tract Infection, Antibiotic Resistance, Antibiogram.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"204-209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69149347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nidhi B Hathila, C. Joshi, Uma Gohil, Vishal Changlani, Digisha K Damor
Every endodontist may have encountered a variety of emotions associated with instrument separation during root canal treatment. The traditional methods to recover such obstructions often require removal of greater amounts of tooth structure, potentially leading to perforation or eventual vertical root fracture. Today, these dangers can be minimized with innovative headways in vision, ultrasonics and microtube retrieval methods. In particular, the dental operating microscope permits clinicians to imagine most broken instruments and satisfies the age old saying “If you can see it, you can probably do it”. This case reports on successful retrieval of separated instruments by ultrasonic techniques under magnification.
{"title":"Retrieval of a Separated Instrument from the Root Canal using Ultrasonics -A Case Report -","authors":"Nidhi B Hathila, C. Joshi, Uma Gohil, Vishal Changlani, Digisha K Damor","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.224","url":null,"abstract":"Every endodontist may have encountered a variety of emotions associated with instrument separation during root canal treatment. The traditional methods to recover such obstructions often require removal of greater amounts of tooth structure, potentially leading to perforation or eventual vertical root fracture. Today, these dangers can be minimized with innovative headways in vision, ultrasonics and microtube retrieval methods. In particular, the dental operating microscope permits clinicians to imagine most broken instruments and satisfies the age old saying “If you can see it, you can probably do it”. This case reports on successful retrieval of separated instruments by ultrasonic techniques under magnification.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"291-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ketan Kakani, Prashant R. Patel, Pratik Prajapati, Viral G. Prajapati, S. Patil
Background: Paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures account for 17 % of the distal humeral fractures. Displaced and rotated fractures require appropriate reduction and stabilisation. Aims: The aim of the present study was to review the results of patients with a displaced lateral humeral condyle fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Material and methods: We prospectively reviewed 30 children operated for lateral humeral condyle fractures at a single institution over a period of 3 years. Age distribution, fracture classification, mode of fixation, time to union, complications and final outcomes at the latest follow-up were reviewed. Results: Total 30 patients of lateral condyle fractures were identified in which there were 18 male and 12 female patients. Average age was 8.07 years. 10 were Milch type II and 20 Milch type I. According to the Jacob’s classification, 05 were type I and 17 were type II and 08 were type III. All fractures were treated with open reduction and fixation with K-wires except one which was treated with CRIF. Average time to radiological union was 6.1 weeks. Radiological hypertrophy of the lateral condyle was present in 4 cases (13.33 %). 3 patients developed a pseudo-cubitus varus deformity. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that fracture union and excellent final outcomes can be expected in all patients using our protocol, whereby all patients with a displaced fracture are managed by ORIF with K-wire fixation, with the wires only being removed after there is evidence of radiological union. Key words: Paediatric lateral condyle fractures, ORIF, Radiological union
{"title":"Outcome of paediatric lateral condyle humerus fractures treated operatively","authors":"Ketan Kakani, Prashant R. Patel, Pratik Prajapati, Viral G. Prajapati, S. Patil","doi":"10.5455/JRMDS.20164316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JRMDS.20164316","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures account for 17 % of the distal humeral fractures. Displaced and rotated fractures require appropriate reduction and stabilisation. Aims: The aim of the present study was to review the results of patients with a displaced lateral humeral condyle fracture treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Material and methods: We prospectively reviewed 30 children operated for lateral humeral condyle fractures at a single institution over a period of 3 years. Age distribution, fracture classification, mode of fixation, time to union, complications and final outcomes at the latest follow-up were reviewed. Results: Total 30 patients of lateral condyle fractures were identified in which there were 18 male and 12 female patients. Average age was 8.07 years. 10 were Milch type II and 20 Milch type I. According to the Jacob’s classification, 05 were type I and 17 were type II and 08 were type III. All fractures were treated with open reduction and fixation with K-wires except one which was treated with CRIF. Average time to radiological union was 6.1 weeks. Radiological hypertrophy of the lateral condyle was present in 4 cases (13.33 %). 3 patients developed a pseudo-cubitus varus deformity. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that fracture union and excellent final outcomes can be expected in all patients using our protocol, whereby all patients with a displaced fracture are managed by ORIF with K-wire fixation, with the wires only being removed after there is evidence of radiological union. Key words: Paediatric lateral condyle fractures, ORIF, Radiological union","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"253-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70827101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Botulinum toxin (BTX) commercially known as Botox is produced by Clostridium Botulinum, it has many different subtypes. It is a relatively safe agent with very few local and systemic adverse effects, and is currently used in a wide range of medical, dental and cosmetic procedures. BTX has the potential for an expanding range of applications in the future. In this article we review the mechanism of action, and all the well documented applications of BTX with a specific focus on its usage in the treatment of hyper-salivation and drooling. We propose a combination treatment for the above mentioned salivary gland conditions, which consists of BTX and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF); a well-known potent polypeptide that promotes healing and repair. EGF is secreted though many bodily fluids including saliva. This combination treatment aims to prevent the atrophy of salivary glands that accompanies treatment with BTX. We aim to provide answers to the question whether BTX induced paralysis is a burden or bless? Our proposed combination treatment (BTX + EGF) will hopefully obtain the best of both worlds; the therapeutic effect of BTX and the healing potential of EGF. This will maintain the salivary glands‟ integrity and will allow for long term treatment with BTX with minimal side effects. Key words: Epidermal growth factor, Botulinum toxin, Clostridium, Salivary glands, Wound healing.
{"title":"Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Botulinum Toxin (BTX); Can Paralysis Be A Bless?","authors":"M. Shamel, Mahmoud M Al Ankily, Mahmoud M. Bakr","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.164","url":null,"abstract":"Botulinum toxin (BTX) commercially known as Botox is produced by Clostridium Botulinum, it has many different subtypes. It is a relatively safe agent with very few local and systemic adverse effects, and is currently used in a wide range of medical, dental and cosmetic procedures. BTX has the potential for an expanding range of applications in the future. In this article we review the mechanism of action, and all the well documented applications of BTX with a specific focus on its usage in the treatment of hyper-salivation and drooling. We propose a combination treatment for the above mentioned salivary gland conditions, which consists of BTX and Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF); a well-known potent polypeptide that promotes healing and repair. EGF is secreted though many bodily fluids including saliva. This combination treatment aims to prevent the atrophy of salivary glands that accompanies treatment with BTX. We aim to provide answers to the question whether BTX induced paralysis is a burden or bless? Our proposed combination treatment (BTX + EGF) will hopefully obtain the best of both worlds; the therapeutic effect of BTX and the healing potential of EGF. This will maintain the salivary glands‟ integrity and will allow for long term treatment with BTX with minimal side effects. Key words: Epidermal growth factor, Botulinum toxin, Clostridium, Salivary glands, Wound healing.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69147581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The Internet has become an important tool for education, entertainment, and communication. Internet addiction in adolescence can have a negative impact on identity formation and may negatively affect cognitive functioning. Aims and objectives: the present study was carried out in undergraduate students of four streams i.e. MBBS, BDS, B Com., B Tech. to evaluate the pattern of internet addiction and the factors affecting internet addiction among them in Udaipur city, Rajasthan. Material and methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2015 to December 2015. Total 400 students were evaluated by a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data regarding socio-demographic characteristics and family harmony. To collect information on Internet addiction inter personal interviews were performed using a standardized ‘Internet Addiction Test’ developed by Dr. Kimberly S. Young in 1998. Results: majority (54.7%) was identified as normal users of the Internet, 25.5% moderately and 15.7% severely addicted. Majority of severely internet (39.7%) addicts were doing B.Tech. Majority (36.5%) belonged to Class II and 28.6% were from class I. Conclusion: The findings are suggestive of rising internet dependence among students. Effective IEC activities should be carried out to increase awareness regarding overuse of internet. Key words: Internet, Addiction, Udaipur, Students, Kimberley Young scale
{"title":"Evaluation of internet addiction disorder among undergraduate students of different streams in Udaipur city","authors":"Rohit Jain, Shalabh Sharma, Manish Jain, Poornima Sharma","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.172","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Internet has become an important tool for education, entertainment, and communication. Internet addiction in adolescence can have a negative impact on identity formation and may negatively affect cognitive functioning. Aims and objectives: the present study was carried out in undergraduate students of four streams i.e. MBBS, BDS, B Com., B Tech. to evaluate the pattern of internet addiction and the factors affecting internet addiction among them in Udaipur city, Rajasthan. Material and methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from August 2015 to December 2015. Total 400 students were evaluated by a pretested, semi-structured questionnaire to collect data regarding socio-demographic characteristics and family harmony. To collect information on Internet addiction inter personal interviews were performed using a standardized ‘Internet Addiction Test’ developed by Dr. Kimberly S. Young in 1998. Results: majority (54.7%) was identified as normal users of the Internet, 25.5% moderately and 15.7% severely addicted. Majority of severely internet (39.7%) addicts were doing B.Tech. Majority (36.5%) belonged to Class II and 28.6% were from class I. Conclusion: The findings are suggestive of rising internet dependence among students. Effective IEC activities should be carried out to increase awareness regarding overuse of internet. Key words: Internet, Addiction, Udaipur, Students, Kimberley Young scale","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"41-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69148252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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