Background: Respiratory system is the most common organ system affected in patients of H1N1influenza. Many patients requires mechanical ventilation for treatment as they develop ALI/ARDS due to primary viral or secondary bacterial pneumonia. In resource poor countries like us, providing ICU ventilator to all patients can produce a difficult task for health care system. Noninvasive ventilation can be an option provided appropriate patients are chooses at right stage of disease-probably in early stage of acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Aim: (1) To identify the patients suitable for non-invasive ventilation in patients of swine flu with signs of respiratory failure (2) To study outcome of NIV in these patients with aim to identify factors for the so called “late failure of NIV”. Materials and Methods: This study is meant to analyze data from patients of Novel H1N1 influenza patients admitted to swine flu isolation ward during January to December 2015 at PDU Hospital, Rajkot. From 650 patients admitted as suspected case, 283 were confirmed by RTPCR. Among 84 patients who were offered NIV 43 died during course of treatment. It is a retrospective study to analyze the patients who remains stable on NIV for at least 24 hrs. There were 66 such patients. Results: Out of 66 patients studied, 40 successfully treated with NIV. After initial 24 hrs factors which were statistically significantly associated with NIV late failure were-pregnancy (including postpartum period), tachycardia on admission and high total count during course of treatment (suggesting developing bacterial pneumonia). Conclusion: NIV can be used in selected patients of viral pneumonia. In pregnant or postpartum patients NIV should be used with caution. Signs of developing of bacterial pneumonia and MODS herald the chances of NIV failure. Co morbidities are not a strong predictor for NIV failure. Avoiding intubation can decrease complications particularly in immunocompromised patients. Use of steroid does not have significant effect on respiratory function improvement. Key words: H1N1 influenza A infection, severe pneumonia, NIV late failure
{"title":"Study of application of Non Invasive Ventilation in patients of severe pneumonia and acute respiratory failure caused by novel influenza A H1N1 virus","authors":"Rahul M Gambhir, M. Rathod","doi":"10.24896/jrmds.v4i2.182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/jrmds.v4i2.182","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Respiratory system is the most common organ system affected in patients of H1N1influenza. Many patients requires mechanical ventilation for treatment as they develop ALI/ARDS due to primary viral or secondary bacterial pneumonia. In resource poor countries like us, providing ICU ventilator to all patients can produce a difficult task for health care system. Noninvasive ventilation can be an option provided appropriate patients are chooses at right stage of disease-probably in early stage of acute hypoxic respiratory failure. Aim: (1) To identify the patients suitable for non-invasive ventilation in patients of swine flu with signs of respiratory failure (2) To study outcome of NIV in these patients with aim to identify factors for the so called “late failure of NIV”. Materials and Methods: This study is meant to analyze data from patients of Novel H1N1 influenza patients admitted to swine flu isolation ward during January to December 2015 at PDU Hospital, Rajkot. From 650 patients admitted as suspected case, 283 were confirmed by RTPCR. Among 84 patients who were offered NIV 43 died during course of treatment. It is a retrospective study to analyze the patients who remains stable on NIV for at least 24 hrs. There were 66 such patients. Results: Out of 66 patients studied, 40 successfully treated with NIV. After initial 24 hrs factors which were statistically significantly associated with NIV late failure were-pregnancy (including postpartum period), tachycardia on admission and high total count during course of treatment (suggesting developing bacterial pneumonia). Conclusion: NIV can be used in selected patients of viral pneumonia. In pregnant or postpartum patients NIV should be used with caution. Signs of developing of bacterial pneumonia and MODS herald the chances of NIV failure. Co morbidities are not a strong predictor for NIV failure. Avoiding intubation can decrease complications particularly in immunocompromised patients. Use of steroid does not have significant effect on respiratory function improvement. Key words: H1N1 influenza A infection, severe pneumonia, NIV late failure","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"87-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69148859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hypoglossal canal is a permanent component of skull of human and animal. Situated anterior to occipital condyles, transmits hypoglossal nerve and meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery and emissary vein. Aim: To find the incidence of double hypoglossal canal in crania of South Indian population and its clinical importance. Materials and methods:84 macerated dry skulls of unknown age and sex were collected from Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College Gulbarga and from Sharavathi Dental College Shivamogga Karnataka, India. Each skull was observed for doubling of hypoglossal canal. Results: Out of 84 skulls, 29 skulls showed doubling of hypoglossal canal. Among them 10 showed bilateral duplication and 19 unilateral (10 on right and 9 on left side). Incidence calculated as 34.5%. Conclusion: Double hypoglossal canal is important clinically, it may trap the hypoglossal nerve during ossification of occipital bone and useful for surgeons and radiologists and anthropologists. Key words: Double hypoglossal canal, emissary vein, hypoglossal nerve, neoplasms, occipital bone
{"title":"Double hypoglossal canal: Study on crania of South Indian population and its clinical significance -","authors":"Gajanand Rp, G. Vanitha, C. Teli, H. Kadlimatti","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I2.195","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hypoglossal canal is a permanent component of skull of human and animal. Situated anterior to occipital condyles, transmits hypoglossal nerve and meningeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery and emissary vein. Aim: To find the incidence of double hypoglossal canal in crania of South Indian population and its clinical importance. Materials and methods:84 macerated dry skulls of unknown age and sex were collected from Department of Anatomy, ESIC Medical College Gulbarga and from Sharavathi Dental College Shivamogga Karnataka, India. Each skull was observed for doubling of hypoglossal canal. Results: Out of 84 skulls, 29 skulls showed doubling of hypoglossal canal. Among them 10 showed bilateral duplication and 19 unilateral (10 on right and 9 on left side). Incidence calculated as 34.5%. Conclusion: Double hypoglossal canal is important clinically, it may trap the hypoglossal nerve during ossification of occipital bone and useful for surgeons and radiologists and anthropologists. Key words: Double hypoglossal canal, emissary vein, hypoglossal nerve, neoplasms, occipital bone","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"155-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69149384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pallavi Panchu, Biju Bahuleyan, K. Seethalakshmi, Tom Thomas
Background- Medical students are expected to be skilled readers and continuous learners. For a lifelong learner, metacognitive awareness of reading strategy is a necessary skill to obtain good academic outcome. The present study was done to evaluate the metacognitive awareness of reading strategies of first year medical students. Aims: To analyze the overall metacognitive awareness of reading strategies and also the subscales like global reading strategies, problem solving and support reading strategies in first year medical students and the impact of gender on these. Methods: Metacognitive awareness of reading strategies inventory (MARSI), a validated tool was administered to all the willing participants of the study group. The data obtained was analyzed using chi square and paired t test. Results: The overall metacognitive awareness of reading strategies was found to be high in our students. Problem solving strategies was utilized most followed by support reading strategies and global reading strategies. On comparing the influence of the sexes, it was noticed that females use better overall reading strategies which was significant. On comparing subscales, both the genders prefer using problem solving skills while the other subscales are used more by females. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that our learners have good metacognitive awareness regarding reading skills but does the skill turn into practice to achieve good academic scores remains to be seen. We suggest that curriculum should be so designed to help the students use all the subscales and hence all the strategies to become effective learners. Key words: MARCI, Medical students, Global strategies, Problem solving strategies, Support reading strategies.
{"title":"Evaluation of metacognitive awareness of reading strategies among medical students","authors":"Pallavi Panchu, Biju Bahuleyan, K. Seethalakshmi, Tom Thomas","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.205","url":null,"abstract":"Background- Medical students are expected to be skilled readers and continuous learners. For a lifelong learner, metacognitive awareness of reading strategy is a necessary skill to obtain good academic outcome. The present study was done to evaluate the metacognitive awareness of reading strategies of first year medical students. Aims: To analyze the overall metacognitive awareness of reading strategies and also the subscales like global reading strategies, problem solving and support reading strategies in first year medical students and the impact of gender on these. Methods: Metacognitive awareness of reading strategies inventory (MARSI), a validated tool was administered to all the willing participants of the study group. The data obtained was analyzed using chi square and paired t test. Results: The overall metacognitive awareness of reading strategies was found to be high in our students. Problem solving strategies was utilized most followed by support reading strategies and global reading strategies. On comparing the influence of the sexes, it was noticed that females use better overall reading strategies which was significant. On comparing subscales, both the genders prefer using problem solving skills while the other subscales are used more by females. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that our learners have good metacognitive awareness regarding reading skills but does the skill turn into practice to achieve good academic scores remains to be seen. We suggest that curriculum should be so designed to help the students use all the subscales and hence all the strategies to become effective learners. Key words: MARCI, Medical students, Global strategies, Problem solving strategies, Support reading strategies.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"198-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69149660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Now a day with wider availability of multislice CT scanner and modern MR machines, it is possible to characterize various malignant urinary tract lesions with greater details on imaging. Aims and objective : To characterize various malignant urinary tract lesions on the basis of their location, internal characteristics, adjacent and distant spread and histopathological correlation on imaging by CT Urography and non contrast MR Urography and to compare the results by these two modalities. Material and Method: Selected patients underwent CT urography in 16 slice CT scan machine and non contrast MR urography in 1.5 T 16 channel MRI machine. Results: Kidney is most commonly involved organ by malignant lesions in urinary tract with renal cell carcinoma is frequently observed malignancy. CT Urography is better modality for internal characterization and adjacent vascular spread of malignant lesion than non-contrast MR Urography. Conclusion: For internal characterization and spread of malignant urinary tract lesions, CT Urography is better modality than non-contrast MR Urography. Key words: CT Urography, non contrast MR Urography, malignant lesions, urinary tract.
背景:随着多层螺旋CT扫描仪和现代磁共振成像仪的广泛应用，可以更详细地描述各种恶性尿路病变的影像学特征。目的与目的:通过CT尿路造影与非对比MR尿路造影对各种恶性尿路病变的定位、内部特征、邻近及远处扩散、组织病理相关性等特征进行鉴别，并比较两种方式的结果。材料与方法:选择患者在16层CT机上行CT尿路造影，在1.5 T 16通道MRI机上行非对比MR尿路造影。结果:肾是泌尿道恶性病变最常累及的器官，肾细胞癌是常见的恶性肿瘤。CT尿路造影对恶性病变的内部特征和邻近血管的扩散比磁共振尿路造影更好。结论:对于恶性尿路病变的内部特征及扩散，CT尿路造影优于MR尿路造影。关键词:CT尿路造影，非对比MR尿路造影，恶性病变，尿路。
{"title":"Correlation and comparison of CT Urography and non contrast MR Urography in evaluation of malignant urinary tract lesions- A study of 54 patients","authors":"Makada Mt, Thummar Kk","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I3.209","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Now a day with wider availability of multislice CT scanner and modern MR machines, it is possible to characterize various malignant urinary tract lesions with greater details on imaging. Aims and objective : To characterize various malignant urinary tract lesions on the basis of their location, internal characteristics, adjacent and distant spread and histopathological correlation on imaging by CT Urography and non contrast MR Urography and to compare the results by these two modalities. Material and Method: Selected patients underwent CT urography in 16 slice CT scan machine and non contrast MR urography in 1.5 T 16 channel MRI machine. Results: Kidney is most commonly involved organ by malignant lesions in urinary tract with renal cell carcinoma is frequently observed malignancy. CT Urography is better modality for internal characterization and adjacent vascular spread of malignant lesion than non-contrast MR Urography. Conclusion: For internal characterization and spread of malignant urinary tract lesions, CT Urography is better modality than non-contrast MR Urography. Key words: CT Urography, non contrast MR Urography, malignant lesions, urinary tract.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"219-223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Patel, Ketan Kakani, Pratik Prajapati, Viral G. Prajapati, S. Patil
Background: Segmental tibia fractures (AO 42-C2) are defined by two or more distinct fracture lines isolating an interposed cortical segment which excludes butterfly fragmentation. Severe soft tissue defects are common due to their association with high energy trauma mechanisms of injury. Objectives: This study is an attempt to observe the various outcome of operative management of segmental tibia fracture treated by various modalities like intramedullary nailing, plating and external fixator. The results have been studied in depth to determine which modality is better for management of this type of fracture. Material & Methods: This is a prospective study of 25 cases of segmental tibia fracture treated by intra medullary nailing or plating or external fixator with minimum 6 months of follow up. All cases are evaluated according to time of union, complications, range of motion and modified knee society score. Modified knee society Score on residual effects on clinical ground at final examination. Points are given for pain, function and range of motion in modified knee society score. Result: Mean knee ROM in intramedullary nailing group is 118, while in plating group is 113.33.Average time of union in intramedullary nailing group is 18.61weeks; while in plating group is 25.33 weeks. Result according to Modified knee society score was found to be excellent to good in 18(72%) patients.11(73%) patients treated by interlocking intramedullary nailing had excellent to good knee score. Conclusion: Interlocking intramedullary nailing is a excellent method of treatment for the segmental tibia fracture as it provides rotational stability, gives excellent to good result, lower rate of complications and good knee ROM. Key words: Segmental tibia fracture, Modified knee society score, Intramedullary nailing.
{"title":"Modalities of treatment for segmental tibia fracture","authors":"P. Patel, Ketan Kakani, Pratik Prajapati, Viral G. Prajapati, S. Patil","doi":"10.24896/jrmds.v4i3.212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/jrmds.v4i3.212","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Segmental tibia fractures (AO 42-C2) are defined by two or more distinct fracture lines isolating an interposed cortical segment which excludes butterfly fragmentation. Severe soft tissue defects are common due to their association with high energy trauma mechanisms of injury. Objectives: This study is an attempt to observe the various outcome of operative management of segmental tibia fracture treated by various modalities like intramedullary nailing, plating and external fixator. The results have been studied in depth to determine which modality is better for management of this type of fracture. Material & Methods: This is a prospective study of 25 cases of segmental tibia fracture treated by intra medullary nailing or plating or external fixator with minimum 6 months of follow up. All cases are evaluated according to time of union, complications, range of motion and modified knee society score. Modified knee society Score on residual effects on clinical ground at final examination. Points are given for pain, function and range of motion in modified knee society score. Result: Mean knee ROM in intramedullary nailing group is 118, while in plating group is 113.33.Average time of union in intramedullary nailing group is 18.61weeks; while in plating group is 25.33 weeks. Result according to Modified knee society score was found to be excellent to good in 18(72%) patients.11(73%) patients treated by interlocking intramedullary nailing had excellent to good knee score. Conclusion: Interlocking intramedullary nailing is a excellent method of treatment for the segmental tibia fracture as it provides rotational stability, gives excellent to good result, lower rate of complications and good knee ROM. Key words: Segmental tibia fracture, Modified knee society score, Intramedullary nailing.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"233-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPAs) are a heterogeneous family of autoantibodies, targeting citrullinated proteins. We investigated the relationship between serum levels of anti-mutated citrullinatedvimentin antibody (anti-MCV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity. Method: A total of 271 consecutive female patients with diagnosis of RA who met the ACR/EULAR criteria were enrolled. The disease activity was measured by the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Anti-MCV was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a commercial kit with a cut-off value for positivity >20 U/mL. Results: Anti-MCV was positive in 153 (56.5%) patients. Disease in anti-MCV positive patients was significantly more active. A new composite index for predicting disease activity was constructed by replacing ESR with anti-MCV in the DAS28 model. There was a correlation between the absolute scores of DAS28-anti-MCV and DAS28-ESR scores. The new composite index best cut-off values corresponding to DAS28-ESR values of 2.6, 3.2, and 5.1 were 2.94, 3.17, and 4.87, respectively. The patients were re-categorized based on the new threshold values calculated by ROC curve analysis. There was agreement between the DAS28-anti-MCV categories and DAS28-ESR disease activity categories. Conclusions: Based on the correlation between anti-MCV levels with RA disease activity index, we conclude that anti-MCV may be a useful test to determine disease activity in RA. Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, disease activity scores in 28 joints (DAS28), anti-mutated citrullinatedvimentin (anti-MCV)
{"title":"Anti-mutated citrullinatedvimentin antibody for predicting the activity of rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Z. Soleimani, K. Esalatmanesh, M. Orangi","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I4.226","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Anti-citrullinated protein/peptide antibodies (ACPAs) are a heterogeneous family of autoantibodies, targeting citrullinated proteins. We investigated the relationship between serum levels of anti-mutated citrullinatedvimentin antibody (anti-MCV) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity. Method: A total of 271 consecutive female patients with diagnosis of RA who met the ACR/EULAR criteria were enrolled. The disease activity was measured by the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR). Anti-MCV was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using a commercial kit with a cut-off value for positivity >20 U/mL. Results: Anti-MCV was positive in 153 (56.5%) patients. Disease in anti-MCV positive patients was significantly more active. A new composite index for predicting disease activity was constructed by replacing ESR with anti-MCV in the DAS28 model. There was a correlation between the absolute scores of DAS28-anti-MCV and DAS28-ESR scores. The new composite index best cut-off values corresponding to DAS28-ESR values of 2.6, 3.2, and 5.1 were 2.94, 3.17, and 4.87, respectively. The patients were re-categorized based on the new threshold values calculated by ROC curve analysis. There was agreement between the DAS28-anti-MCV categories and DAS28-ESR disease activity categories. Conclusions: Based on the correlation between anti-MCV levels with RA disease activity index, we conclude that anti-MCV may be a useful test to determine disease activity in RA. Keywords: rheumatoid arthritis, disease activity scores in 28 joints (DAS28), anti-mutated citrullinatedvimentin (anti-MCV)","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"5-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69150686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We present a case of 62 year old female with tumor mass excised from right calf muscle. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings are compatible with a diagnosis of Myxoid Liposarcoma. We present a brief review of Myxoid Liposarcoma.
{"title":"Myxoid Liposarcoma- A case Report","authors":"S. Pawar, Shilpa Gupta, K. Ghorpade, A. Saraf","doi":"10.5455/JRMDS.20164221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/JRMDS.20164221","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of 62 year old female with tumor mass excised from right calf muscle. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings are compatible with a diagnosis of Myxoid Liposarcoma. We present a brief review of Myxoid Liposarcoma.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"175-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Hepatitis B is a major global health problem and one of the most serious type of viral hepatitis, but it can be prevented with strategies like safe and effective vaccination, increasing awareness and by adhering to universal precautions. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the knowledge attitude and practice concerning Hepatitis B infection among the health care personnel in selected Primary Health Care Centres in Lucknow. Materials and methods: Cross-Sectional study was conducted among health care personnel working at the Primary Health Centres in Lucknow. A total of 89 health care personnel comprising of medical officers, staff nurses, laboratory technicians, pharmacists including class IV workers present on the day of data collection were included in the study and interviewed using pretested questionnaire. Descriptive summary using frequencies, proportions and percentages were used to present study results. Result: Majority (93.4%) of the medical officers were aware about type of hepatitis, while knowledge regarding same was comparatively low among staff nurses, paramedical staff and class IV workers (20.0%, 21.8% and 4.5% respectively). Knowledge about symptoms of hepatitis B was found minimal (9.1%) among class IV workers and paramedical staff (18.7%) as compared to doctors (80.0%) and staff nurse (35.0%). Only 13.6% of class IV worker had concern to report each and every case of needle stick injury. Practice to strictly follow of universal precautions and biomedical waste management guidelines was found to be least (9.1% and 18.1% respectively) among class IV workers. Conclusion: The study revealed sub-optimal KAP in concern to several aspects of Hepatitis B infection among primary healthcare personnel. Therefore insights a need to increase the knowledge level as well ideal behaviour in practice through quality training and proper orientation programmes for health care personnel to prevent the spread of hepatitis B infection.
{"title":"Hepatitis B infection and vaccination: Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among primary health care personnel in Lucknow -","authors":"Mukesh Shukla, S. Tyagi, Neeraj Gupta","doi":"10.5455/jrmds.20164110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jrmds.20164110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Hepatitis B is a major global health problem and one of the most serious type of viral hepatitis, but it can be prevented with strategies like safe and effective vaccination, increasing awareness and by adhering to universal precautions. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the knowledge attitude and practice concerning Hepatitis B infection among the health care personnel in selected Primary Health Care Centres in Lucknow. Materials and methods: Cross-Sectional study was conducted among health care personnel working at the Primary Health Centres in Lucknow. A total of 89 health care personnel comprising of medical officers, staff nurses, laboratory technicians, pharmacists including class IV workers present on the day of data collection were included in the study and interviewed using pretested questionnaire. Descriptive summary using frequencies, proportions and percentages were used to present study results. Result: Majority (93.4%) of the medical officers were aware about type of hepatitis, while knowledge regarding same was comparatively low among staff nurses, paramedical staff and class IV workers (20.0%, 21.8% and 4.5% respectively). Knowledge about symptoms of hepatitis B was found minimal (9.1%) among class IV workers and paramedical staff (18.7%) as compared to doctors (80.0%) and staff nurse (35.0%). Only 13.6% of class IV worker had concern to report each and every case of needle stick injury. Practice to strictly follow of universal precautions and biomedical waste management guidelines was found to be least (9.1% and 18.1% respectively) among class IV workers. Conclusion: The study revealed sub-optimal KAP in concern to several aspects of Hepatitis B infection among primary healthcare personnel. Therefore insights a need to increase the knowledge level as well ideal behaviour in practice through quality training and proper orientation programmes for health care personnel to prevent the spread of hepatitis B infection.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"45-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70826659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hetaj K. Sheth, Kshama B Popat, Neeti R. Sheth, Vimal J. Vyas
Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common causes of blindness in the world. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes causes progressive dysfunction of the retinal vasculature (microangiopathy) causing retinal hypoxia leading to expression of „Vascular endothelial growth factor‟ (VEGF) and „neovascularization‟. Laser photocoagulation is used to convert hypoxic areas into anoxic areas thus decreasing chances of release of VEGF and hence neovascularization. Aim: To study the visual outcome after laser retinal photocoagulation in DR cases. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 80 eyes of 44 patients presenting at Department of Ophthalmology, P. D. U. Govt. Medical College, Rajkot who had DR and underwent laser retinal photocoagulation during period of November 2012 to September 2014. All patients underwent assessment for visual acuity, anterior segment examination, posterior segment examination with +90 Dioptre lens and fundus fluorescein angiography. (FFA). Then laser retinal photocoagulation was done. After laser treatment, patients were assessed for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) on 1week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months and the results were analysed. Results: 80% of the patients showed improvement in BCVA, 17.5% of the patient maintained same BCVA and 2.5% patients showed deterioration in BCVA which was statistically significant (paired t-test, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy causes significant dysfunction of retinal vasculature and hence retina, hampering vision. Timely treatment with laser retinal photocoagulation prevents further dysfunction and salvages involved retina causing statistically significant improvement in vision and quality of life. Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy, Visual Acuity, Laser retinal photocoagulation.
{"title":"A study on visual outcome after laser photocoagulation in diabetic retinopathy cases","authors":"Hetaj K. Sheth, Kshama B Popat, Neeti R. Sheth, Vimal J. Vyas","doi":"10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/JRMDS.V4I1.177","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the common causes of blindness in the world. Chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes causes progressive dysfunction of the retinal vasculature (microangiopathy) causing retinal hypoxia leading to expression of „Vascular endothelial growth factor‟ (VEGF) and „neovascularization‟. Laser photocoagulation is used to convert hypoxic areas into anoxic areas thus decreasing chances of release of VEGF and hence neovascularization. Aim: To study the visual outcome after laser retinal photocoagulation in DR cases. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on 80 eyes of 44 patients presenting at Department of Ophthalmology, P. D. U. Govt. Medical College, Rajkot who had DR and underwent laser retinal photocoagulation during period of November 2012 to September 2014. All patients underwent assessment for visual acuity, anterior segment examination, posterior segment examination with +90 Dioptre lens and fundus fluorescein angiography. (FFA). Then laser retinal photocoagulation was done. After laser treatment, patients were assessed for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) on 1week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months and the results were analysed. Results: 80% of the patients showed improvement in BCVA, 17.5% of the patient maintained same BCVA and 2.5% patients showed deterioration in BCVA which was statistically significant (paired t-test, p<0.0001). Conclusion: Diabetic retinopathy causes significant dysfunction of retinal vasculature and hence retina, hampering vision. Timely treatment with laser retinal photocoagulation prevents further dysfunction and salvages involved retina causing statistically significant improvement in vision and quality of life. Keywords: Diabetic Retinopathy, Visual Acuity, Laser retinal photocoagulation.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69147853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Gupta, Asha Satwara, G. Bala, Jignasha Mungra, P. Santwani
Introduction: Breast cancer is 4th leading cause of death in many parts of world. Unexplained increase in aggressiveness and more number of lymph node involvements in young females with breast cancer is of interest. Objective: This study is designed to assess the lymph node involvement in younger patients (<40 years) suffering from breast cancer Method: This study has been done on MRM specimen of 90 females of breast cancer from (Jan 2014-jan 2015) in pathology department of Shri. M. P. Shah. Govt. Medical College, Jamnagar. This study includes the age, lymph node status, grading and staging. Results: After analyzing, only 2(2.22%) females 40 years has been diagnosed as invasive breast cancer. 63% females 3 lymph node positive while only 34% females >40 years showing >3 lymph node positivity. Out of this statistics younger patients showing most of lymph nodes out of total to be positive as compared to older age group as it affects TNM staging and treatment protocol. Conclusion: Increase in risk of lymph node involvement in younger patients (25-40). All the young women in their 20s and 30s should examine herself and every 3 years by her health care professionals.
{"title":"Aggressiveness and increased lymph node involvement in younger patients (<40 years) suffering from breast cancer","authors":"N. Gupta, Asha Satwara, G. Bala, Jignasha Mungra, P. Santwani","doi":"10.24896/jrmds.v4i1.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24896/jrmds.v4i1.175","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is 4th leading cause of death in many parts of world. Unexplained increase in aggressiveness and more number of lymph node involvements in young females with breast cancer is of interest. Objective: This study is designed to assess the lymph node involvement in younger patients (<40 years) suffering from breast cancer Method: This study has been done on MRM specimen of 90 females of breast cancer from (Jan 2014-jan 2015) in pathology department of Shri. M. P. Shah. Govt. Medical College, Jamnagar. This study includes the age, lymph node status, grading and staging. Results: After analyzing, only 2(2.22%) females 40 years has been diagnosed as invasive breast cancer. 63% females 3 lymph node positive while only 34% females >40 years showing >3 lymph node positivity. Out of this statistics younger patients showing most of lymph nodes out of total to be positive as compared to older age group as it affects TNM staging and treatment protocol. Conclusion: Increase in risk of lymph node involvement in younger patients (25-40). All the young women in their 20s and 30s should examine herself and every 3 years by her health care professionals.","PeriodicalId":17001,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical and Dental Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"54-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69147943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：