Amanda Anderson, Frances K. Shepherd, Francisco Dominguez, J. Pittman, D. Marthaler, L. Karriker
Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the pattern of rotavirus A (RVA), rotavirus B (RVB), and rotavirus C (RVC) shedding in gilts after natural planned exposure (NPE) administration and assess the effects on piglet weaning weight, preweaning mortality, and RV shedding. Materials and methods: A total of 70 pregnant gilts were enrolled and allocated into 4 groups. Group 1 was given NPE at 5, 4, and 3 weeks prefarrowing (WPF); Group 2 at 5 and 3 WPF; and Group 3 at 5 WPF only. Group 4 (control group) did not receive any NPE. Samples from 46 gilts and litters (5 piglets/litter) were tested at 12 sample times. Piglets were sampled weekly from 24 hours of age until 6 weeks of age and tested by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for RVA, RVB, and RVC. Results: There was a significant improvement in weaning weight of piglets born to gilts that received 3 NPE administrations compared to fewer or no NPE administrations. Shedding of RVA and RVB from piglets were well controlled in the farrowing room regardless of treatment group, but RVC was observed as early as 1 week old. This study was conducted on a single farm, and the results should be carefully interpreted with knowledge of variations in farms and systems. Implications: Three administrations of NPE to gilts prefarrowing had valuable production and economic benefits for the producer. Circulation patterns of RVA, RVB, and RVC appear to correlate; interventions for one have value against the others.
{"title":"Evaluating natural planned exposure protocols on rotavirus shedding patterns in gilts and the impact on their suckling pigs","authors":"Amanda Anderson, Frances K. Shepherd, Francisco Dominguez, J. Pittman, D. Marthaler, L. Karriker","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1294","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the pattern of rotavirus A (RVA), rotavirus B (RVB), and rotavirus C (RVC) shedding in gilts after natural planned exposure (NPE) administration and assess the effects on piglet weaning weight, preweaning mortality, and RV shedding. Materials and methods: A total of 70 pregnant gilts were enrolled and allocated into 4 groups. Group 1 was given NPE at 5, 4, and 3 weeks prefarrowing (WPF); Group 2 at 5 and 3 WPF; and Group 3 at 5 WPF only. Group 4 (control group) did not receive any NPE. Samples from 46 gilts and litters (5 piglets/litter) were tested at 12 sample times. Piglets were sampled weekly from 24 hours of age until 6 weeks of age and tested by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for RVA, RVB, and RVC. Results: There was a significant improvement in weaning weight of piglets born to gilts that received 3 NPE administrations compared to fewer or no NPE administrations. Shedding of RVA and RVB from piglets were well controlled in the farrowing room regardless of treatment group, but RVC was observed as early as 1 week old. This study was conducted on a single farm, and the results should be carefully interpreted with knowledge of variations in farms and systems. Implications: Three administrations of NPE to gilts prefarrowing had valuable production and economic benefits for the producer. Circulation patterns of RVA, RVB, and RVC appear to correlate; interventions for one have value against the others.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49214925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.54846/jshap/1297suppl1
S. Little, A. Woodward, G. Browning, H. Billman-Jacobe
Objective: To measure, describe, and compare the water use patterns within each day for multiple cohorts of weaner, grower, and finisher pigs in farm buildings. Materials and methods: Prospective, observational cohort studies of the water use patterns within each day were conducted in 5 pig buildings using either a turbine or ultrasonic water flow meter attached to the main water pipe entering each building. Water use data were collected from multiple batches of pigs (second-stage weaners over eleven 48-day periods and grower-finishers over 4 periods of 21-43 days). Semi-parametric models of pig water use patterns within each day were estimated using the brms software package in R. To estimate the interacting effects of time and pig body weight on water use by pigs, we used tensor product smooths for time and pig body weight. Results: The water use pattern within each day varied between the cohorts, and the pattern of many cohorts changed as the pigs gained weight. Some patterns were unimodal and others were bimodal, with the main peak in water use occurring early afternoon to late afternoon. Implications: Water use patterns of pigs within each day varied between and within cohorts. The water use pattern of one cohort cannot be used reliably to predict that of other cohorts, even if they are reared in the same building. Water use pattern data may be valuable for optimizing in-water antimicrobial dosing regimens.
{"title":"Supplementary Material: Water use patterns within each day: Variation between batches of growing pigs in commercial production systems","authors":"S. Little, A. Woodward, G. Browning, H. Billman-Jacobe","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1297suppl1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1297suppl1","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To measure, describe, and compare the water use patterns within each day for multiple cohorts of weaner, grower, and finisher pigs in farm buildings. Materials and methods: Prospective, observational cohort studies of the water use patterns within each day were conducted in 5 pig buildings using either a turbine or ultrasonic water flow meter attached to the main water pipe entering each building. Water use data were collected from multiple batches of pigs (second-stage weaners over eleven 48-day periods and grower-finishers over 4 periods of 21-43 days). Semi-parametric models of pig water use patterns within each day were estimated using the brms software package in R. To estimate the interacting effects of time and pig body weight on water use by pigs, we used tensor product smooths for time and pig body weight. Results: The water use pattern within each day varied between the cohorts, and the pattern of many cohorts changed as the pigs gained weight. Some patterns were unimodal and others were bimodal, with the main peak in water use occurring early afternoon to late afternoon. Implications: Water use patterns of pigs within each day varied between and within cohorts. The water use pattern of one cohort cannot be used reliably to predict that of other cohorts, even if they are reared in the same building. Water use pattern data may be valuable for optimizing in-water antimicrobial dosing regimens.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41537405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sargeant, A. O'Connor, T. O’Sullivan, A. Ramirez
Researchers conduct a trial to compare an intervention of interest to a comparison group. Initially, researchers should determine whether a trial is evaluating superiority, equivalence, or noninferiority. This decision will guide the choice of a placebo versus active comparison group. Interventions, as well as baseline management, should be comprehensively reported to allow replication or clinical application. It is necessary to build a body of evidence across multiple trials to apply evidence-based decision-making. To achieve this, at least one intervention in every trial should be an intervention that has been used in at least one previously published trial.
{"title":"Maximizing value and minimizing waste in clinical trial research in swine: Selecting interventions to build an evidence base","authors":"J. Sargeant, A. O'Connor, T. O’Sullivan, A. Ramirez","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1295","url":null,"abstract":"Researchers conduct a trial to compare an intervention of interest to a comparison group. Initially, researchers should determine whether a trial is evaluating superiority, equivalence, or noninferiority. This decision will guide the choice of a placebo versus active comparison group. Interventions, as well as baseline management, should be comprehensively reported to allow replication or clinical application. It is necessary to build a body of evidence across multiple trials to apply evidence-based decision-making. To achieve this, at least one intervention in every trial should be an intervention that has been used in at least one previously published trial.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42961625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Harrison, P. Dahmer, J. Gebhardt, C. Paulk, J. Woodworth, Cassandra K. Jones
Glo Germ powder was used to determine the efficacy of common biosecurity practices to prevent the powder from spreading to other areas within a farm. Pictures from 4 locations were taken before and after personnel movement to observe any differences in Glo Germ coverage. The percentage of Glo Germ coverage observed in the pictures was evaluated by 47 panelists and averaged. The area without biosecurity measures had more Glo Germ coverage than the 3 areas with biosecurity measures (P < .001). The use of Glo Germ can be used as a learning aid to demonstrate the efficacy of common biosecurity practices.
{"title":"Evaluation of biosecurity measures on a swine operation using Glo Germ powder as a visible learning aid","authors":"O. Harrison, P. Dahmer, J. Gebhardt, C. Paulk, J. Woodworth, Cassandra K. Jones","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1289","url":null,"abstract":"Glo Germ powder was used to determine the efficacy of common biosecurity practices to prevent the powder from spreading to other areas within a farm. Pictures from 4 locations were taken before and after personnel movement to observe any differences in Glo Germ coverage. The percentage of Glo Germ coverage observed in the pictures was evaluated by 47 panelists and averaged. The area without biosecurity measures had more Glo Germ coverage than the 3 areas with biosecurity measures (P < .001). The use of Glo Germ can be used as a learning aid to demonstrate the efficacy of common biosecurity practices.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":"326 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41281318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ella Akin, Anna Johnson, Cassandra Jass, Locke Karrkier, Jason Ross, K. Stalder, S. Millman
Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate an HMH sked rescue system, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled as humane handling tools for moving nonambulatory pigs on a commercial wean-to-finish farm. Materials and methods: Eighteen commercial crossbred pigs received an epidural to induce a nonambulatory state. The HMH sked rescue system, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled were tested as handling tools by 2 employees for time to place and move the pig, pig vocalization and struggle scores, and tool durability. Results: Time to place the nonambulatory pig from the start pen floor onto the handling tool, time to secure the nonambulatory pig on the handling tool, and total time were not affected by the handling tool (P ≥ .12). There was a trend for time to move the handling tool with the nonambulatory pig from the start to end pen, which included removing the pig from the handling tool and placing them onto the end pen floor (P = .06). The ice fishing sled was the most durable with no creases, rips, or holes. There were no handling tool differences for pig vocalization or struggle scores (P > .10). Changes in pig respiration rate and pig body temperature did not differ between handling tools (P ≥ .71). Implications: Under study conditions, the sked, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled were all humane tools to move nonambulatory grow-finish pigs. Caretakers need to evaluate the best choice for their farm.
{"title":"HMH sked rescue system, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled as humane on-farm handling tools to move nonambulatory grow-finish pigs on a commercial farm","authors":"Ella Akin, Anna Johnson, Cassandra Jass, Locke Karrkier, Jason Ross, K. Stalder, S. Millman","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1301","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate an HMH sked rescue system, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled as humane handling tools for moving nonambulatory pigs on a commercial wean-to-finish farm. Materials and methods: Eighteen commercial crossbred pigs received an epidural to induce a nonambulatory state. The HMH sked rescue system, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled were tested as handling tools by 2 employees for time to place and move the pig, pig vocalization and struggle scores, and tool durability. Results: Time to place the nonambulatory pig from the start pen floor onto the handling tool, time to secure the nonambulatory pig on the handling tool, and total time were not affected by the handling tool (P ≥ .12). There was a trend for time to move the handling tool with the nonambulatory pig from the start to end pen, which included removing the pig from the handling tool and placing them onto the end pen floor (P = .06). The ice fishing sled was the most durable with no creases, rips, or holes. There were no handling tool differences for pig vocalization or struggle scores (P > .10). Changes in pig respiration rate and pig body temperature did not differ between handling tools (P ≥ .71). Implications: Under study conditions, the sked, revised deer sled, and ice fishing sled were all humane tools to move nonambulatory grow-finish pigs. Caretakers need to evaluate the best choice for their farm.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42287573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sargeant, A. O'Connor, T. O’Sullivan, A. Ramirez, A. Versluis
To be useful for decision-making, research results need to be available. This means that full reports (methods and results) for trials need to be published, preferably in a journal. However, there is evidence that only a small proportion of swine trials presented at conferences are subsequently published in journals. This is problematic, as results may differ between a conference presentation and journal publication. Published results also need to be accessible, either through open-access or traditional journals or through other sources that do not violate copyright agreements. Researchers should strive to make full research reports widely available.
{"title":"Maximizing value and minimizing waste in swine research: Availability and accessibility of research reports","authors":"J. Sargeant, A. O'Connor, T. O’Sullivan, A. Ramirez, A. Versluis","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1291","url":null,"abstract":"To be useful for decision-making, research results need to be available. This means that full reports (methods and results) for trials need to be published, preferably in a journal. However, there is evidence that only a small proportion of swine trials presented at conferences are subsequently published in journals. This is problematic, as results may differ between a conference presentation and journal publication. Published results also need to be accessible, either through open-access or traditional journals or through other sources that do not violate copyright agreements. Researchers should strive to make full research reports widely available.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45552270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Introduction of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus strains into naive populations results in field mortality rates of 30% to 50% over 5 to 10 days. Because of the rapid disease progression, our goal was to determine whether antibiotic intervention could control S zooepidemicus disease in a group of animals following development of clinical signs. Materials and methods: Thirty-two pigs were challenged with S equi subsp zooepidemicus. Following the development of clinical signs, 16 were treated with long-acting, injectable ceftiofur. Seven unchallenged pigs served as controls. Clinical signs were monitored following challenge and survival was compared between groups. Antibody titers were measured on day 0 and day 30 post challenge. On day 30 post challenge, 3 contact pigs were commingled with 2 treated animals to evaluate S equi subsp zooepidemicus transmission. Results: Ceftiofur treatment eliminated clinical signs in 15 of 16 animals. However, multiple treatments were required to control disease in treated animals (2-3 doses providing 12-18 days of coverage). Antibody titers to S equi subsp zooepidemicus increased in challenged animals treated with ceftiofur, indicating sufficient exposure for immune stimulation. No contact pigs developed clinical signs of S equi subsp zooepidemicus following exposure. Implication: Rapid application of injectable antibiotics is a viable method to reduce losses due to the introduction of S equi subsp zooepidemicus into a naive group of pigs and may help prevent transmission to contact animals following recovery.
{"title":"Rapid application of long-acting ceftiofur can prevent death losses associated with Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus in pigs","authors":"Samantha J. Hau, A. Buckley, S. Brockmeier","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1298","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Introduction of Streptococcus equi subspecies zooepidemicus strains into naive populations results in field mortality rates of 30% to 50% over 5 to 10 days. Because of the rapid disease progression, our goal was to determine whether antibiotic intervention could control S zooepidemicus disease in a group of animals following development of clinical signs. Materials and methods: Thirty-two pigs were challenged with S equi subsp zooepidemicus. Following the development of clinical signs, 16 were treated with long-acting, injectable ceftiofur. Seven unchallenged pigs served as controls. Clinical signs were monitored following challenge and survival was compared between groups. Antibody titers were measured on day 0 and day 30 post challenge. On day 30 post challenge, 3 contact pigs were commingled with 2 treated animals to evaluate S equi subsp zooepidemicus transmission. Results: Ceftiofur treatment eliminated clinical signs in 15 of 16 animals. However, multiple treatments were required to control disease in treated animals (2-3 doses providing 12-18 days of coverage). Antibody titers to S equi subsp zooepidemicus increased in challenged animals treated with ceftiofur, indicating sufficient exposure for immune stimulation. No contact pigs developed clinical signs of S equi subsp zooepidemicus following exposure. Implication: Rapid application of injectable antibiotics is a viable method to reduce losses due to the introduction of S equi subsp zooepidemicus into a naive group of pigs and may help prevent transmission to contact animals following recovery.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47467243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) infection occurs globally and contributes to economic losses. Acute infections occur in immunologically naive populations affecting pigs of all ages and causing clinical signs including fever, coughing, acute respiratory distress, and death. An acute MHP infection was investigated in a naive 4200-sow breed-to-wean herd. An increase in sow mortality (4.16%, 8.33%, and 3.89%) and preweaning mortality (10.45%, 12.38%, and 12.06%) occurred when comparing the naive, acute infection, and post-infection periods, respectively. Further production differences included 166.3, 158.3, and 164.2 kg weaned/sow/year and 29.43, 28.35, and 28.28 pigs weaned/mated female/year in naive, acute infection, and post-infection periods, respectively.
{"title":"Acute Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection in a naive breed-to-wean herd","authors":"T. Gillespie, Oliver Gomez Duran","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1279","url":null,"abstract":"Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (MHP) infection occurs globally and contributes to economic losses. Acute infections occur in immunologically naive populations affecting pigs of all ages and causing clinical signs including fever, coughing, acute respiratory distress, and death. An acute MHP infection was investigated in a naive 4200-sow breed-to-wean herd. An increase in sow mortality (4.16%, 8.33%, and 3.89%) and preweaning mortality (10.45%, 12.38%, and 12.06%) occurred when comparing the naive, acute infection, and post-infection periods, respectively. Further production differences included 166.3, 158.3, and 164.2 kg weaned/sow/year and 29.43, 28.35, and 28.28 pigs weaned/mated female/year in naive, acute infection, and post-infection periods, respectively.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47384257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Greiner, S. Elefson, S. Radke, C. Hagen, D. Humphrey, S. Becker
Objective: The purpose of this study was to survey the vitamin and mineral levels in various pig tissues at different phases of the life cycle. Materials and methods: Forty-eight healthy pigs of different stages of production were used for sampling of different tissues. Seven sows and a minimum of 10 animals from each phase of production (suckling, nursery, and finishing) were selected for sampling. A blood sample was collected via sterile venipuncture for serum vitamin and mineral analysis. After euthanasia, the diaphragm and liver were collected. Samples were submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for analysis. Data were analyzed using SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc) and presented as minimum and maximum concentrations with standard error. The experimental unit was the animal. Results: Levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, copper, zinc, selenium, iron, and manganese were higher in liver tissues than in serum and diaphragm tissues. Diaphragm muscle had similar levels of phosphorus as the liver tissue. Serum had similar levels of calcium as the liver tissue. Implications: These data provide a sampling of vitamin and mineral levels present in tissues and serum of commercial pigs and suggests that vitamin and mineral levels differ between sampling sites.
目的:研究猪生命周期不同阶段各组织中维生素和矿物质的含量。材料与方法:选用不同生产阶段的健康猪48头，进行不同组织取样。从每个生产阶段(哺乳、保育和育肥)选择7头母猪和至少10头动物进行抽样。通过无菌静脉穿刺采集血样进行血清维生素和矿物质分析。安乐死后，取横膈膜和肝脏。样本被送到爱荷华州立大学兽医诊断实验室进行分析。使用SAS (version 9.4;SAS Institute Inc)，并以标准误差的最小和最大浓度表示。实验单位是动物。结果:肝组织中维生素A、维生素E、铜、锌、硒、铁和锰的含量高于血清和膈肌组织。横膈膜肌的磷含量和肝组织相似。血清中钙的含量与肝组织相似。意义:这些数据提供了商品猪组织和血清中维生素和矿物质水平的采样，并表明不同采样地点的维生素和矿物质水平不同。
{"title":"A survey of vitamin and trace mineral ranges for diagnostic lab reporting from conventionally raised swine","authors":"L. Greiner, S. Elefson, S. Radke, C. Hagen, D. Humphrey, S. Becker","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1286","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of this study was to survey the vitamin and mineral levels in various pig tissues at different phases of the life cycle. Materials and methods: Forty-eight healthy pigs of different stages of production were used for sampling of different tissues. Seven sows and a minimum of 10 animals from each phase of production (suckling, nursery, and finishing) were selected for sampling. A blood sample was collected via sterile venipuncture for serum vitamin and mineral analysis. After euthanasia, the diaphragm and liver were collected. Samples were submitted to the Iowa State University Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for analysis. Data were analyzed using SAS (version 9.4; SAS Institute Inc) and presented as minimum and maximum concentrations with standard error. The experimental unit was the animal. Results: Levels of vitamin A, vitamin E, copper, zinc, selenium, iron, and manganese were higher in liver tissues than in serum and diaphragm tissues. Diaphragm muscle had similar levels of phosphorus as the liver tissue. Serum had similar levels of calcium as the liver tissue. Implications: These data provide a sampling of vitamin and mineral levels present in tissues and serum of commercial pigs and suggests that vitamin and mineral levels differ between sampling sites.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46668809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Savannah C. Stewart, Cassandra Jones, J. Gebhardt, J. Woodworth, C. Paulk, C. Vier, O. Harrison, Charles Zumbaugh, S. Dritz
Environmental swabs were used as a monitoring tool during a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus outbreak at a farrow-to-finish swine facility. Samples were collected over the course of 16 weeks following initial infection, and changes in biosecurity practices were implemented based on results. Separation of on-farm areas into different zones as determined by animal and feed ingredient contact and proximity allowed for a targeted approach to clean-up efforts.
{"title":"Environmental monitoring of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus within a swine farm during a disease outbreak","authors":"Savannah C. Stewart, Cassandra Jones, J. Gebhardt, J. Woodworth, C. Paulk, C. Vier, O. Harrison, Charles Zumbaugh, S. Dritz","doi":"10.54846/jshap/1273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54846/jshap/1273","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental swabs were used as a monitoring tool during a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus outbreak at a farrow-to-finish swine facility. Samples were collected over the course of 16 weeks following initial infection, and changes in biosecurity practices were implemented based on results. Separation of on-farm areas into different zones as determined by animal and feed ingredient contact and proximity allowed for a targeted approach to clean-up efforts.","PeriodicalId":17095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Swine Health and Production","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45020183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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