Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v45277168
Júlio César Altizani-Júnior, Silvio Moure Cicero, Rafael Mateus Alves, Francisco Guilhien Gomes-Junior
Abstract: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds exhibit heterogeneity due to the characteristic flowering and pollination process of this species. Consequently, the necessity for research geared toward establishing effective methodologies for identifying seeds capable of germinating and with potential for producing vigorous seedlings becomes apparent. This study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the relationship between internal morphology, as evaluated through radiographic image analysis, and the germination performance of sweet basil seeds. Radiographs of seeds from eight lots of the cultivar Alfavaca Basilicão were examined. The length of seedling originated from radiographed seeds was obtained through computerized image analysis using SVIS® software and the results were compared with the radiographic images. Radiographs allowed visualization of the internal morphology of sweet basil seeds, enabling the identification of empty seeds, malformed seeds, seeds with tissue deterioration and mechanical damage. The analysis of radiographic images substantially contributed to establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between the physical integrity of tissues and the germination performance of the seeds, underscoring the potential for selecting seeds that will contribute to enhanced lot quality.
{"title":"Non-destructive assessment of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds quality","authors":"Júlio César Altizani-Júnior, Silvio Moure Cicero, Rafael Mateus Alves, Francisco Guilhien Gomes-Junior","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v45277168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v45277168","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) seeds exhibit heterogeneity due to the characteristic flowering and pollination process of this species. Consequently, the necessity for research geared toward establishing effective methodologies for identifying seeds capable of germinating and with potential for producing vigorous seedlings becomes apparent. This study was undertaken with the aim of assessing the relationship between internal morphology, as evaluated through radiographic image analysis, and the germination performance of sweet basil seeds. Radiographs of seeds from eight lots of the cultivar Alfavaca Basilicão were examined. The length of seedling originated from radiographed seeds was obtained through computerized image analysis using SVIS® software and the results were compared with the radiographic images. Radiographs allowed visualization of the internal morphology of sweet basil seeds, enabling the identification of empty seeds, malformed seeds, seeds with tissue deterioration and mechanical damage. The analysis of radiographic images substantially contributed to establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between the physical integrity of tissues and the germination performance of the seeds, underscoring the potential for selecting seeds that will contribute to enhanced lot quality.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a globally significant crop and serves as a pioneer crop for improving saline-alkaline soils due to its salt-alkali tolerant properties. However, the response mechanism of barley to alkali stress remains unclear. In this study, two barley genotypes with contrasting performance under alkali stress were selected: the alkali-tolerant SCMS and the alkali-sensitive QT9919. The morphological and physiological mechanisms of these two barley cultivars in response to alkali stress were elucidated. Results showed that alkali stress inhibited germination in QT9919, leading to significant decreases in germination vigor, plant height and root length. On the other hand, SCMS presented stronger water absorbing capacity than QT9919 under all circumstances. Furthermore, starch degradation and sugar metabolism were suppressed by alkali stress in both barley cultivars through down-regulation of genes expression and reduction of enzymes activities involved in the processes of EMP (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas), tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Notably, enzyme activity of hexokinase (HK) and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) showed significant changes under alkali stress between the two barley genotypes. This study provides insights into screening barley germplasm with strong alkali-tolerance and holds significant implications for improving and utilizing of saline-alkaline soils.
{"title":"Morphology and metabolism of storage substances contribution to alkali stress responses in two contrasting barley cultivars during germination stage","authors":"Jianbo Li, Yanan Jin, Zhiping Liu, Tu Ba, Wendi Wang, Shoujun Xu","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v45274899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v45274899","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a globally significant crop and serves as a pioneer crop for improving saline-alkaline soils due to its salt-alkali tolerant properties. However, the response mechanism of barley to alkali stress remains unclear. In this study, two barley genotypes with contrasting performance under alkali stress were selected: the alkali-tolerant SCMS and the alkali-sensitive QT9919. The morphological and physiological mechanisms of these two barley cultivars in response to alkali stress were elucidated. Results showed that alkali stress inhibited germination in QT9919, leading to significant decreases in germination vigor, plant height and root length. On the other hand, SCMS presented stronger water absorbing capacity than QT9919 under all circumstances. Furthermore, starch degradation and sugar metabolism were suppressed by alkali stress in both barley cultivars through down-regulation of genes expression and reduction of enzymes activities involved in the processes of EMP (Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas), tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Notably, enzyme activity of hexokinase (HK) and malic dehydrogenase (MDH) showed significant changes under alkali stress between the two barley genotypes. This study provides insights into screening barley germplasm with strong alkali-tolerance and holds significant implications for improving and utilizing of saline-alkaline soils.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135501763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44257665
Cristian Rafael Brzezinski, Julia Abati, C. Zucareli, F. C. Krzyzanowski, A. A. Henning, F. A. Henning
Abstract: Soybean seeds may show different responses to weathering deterioration depending on the intrinsic characteristics of the genetic material and the intensity and duration of the rainfall period. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest weathering deterioration on the quality and chemical composition of soybean seeds with different lignin contents in the pod and seed coat. The percentage of weathering damage was evaluated by the tetrazolium test, X-ray test, lignin content in the pod and seed coat, germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence, seed health test, and oil, protein, and chlorophyll contents. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 7×3 factorial scheme, that is, seven cultivars and three rainfall volumes (0, 54, and 162 mm), simulated when 95% of the pods had a mature color. The physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds reduces with an increase in pre-harvest rainfall. Soybean seeds from cultivars with higher lignin contents in the pod present a higher tolerance to pre-harvest weathering deterioration and provide seeds of better physiological quality. Seed oil and protein content is reduced in some cultivars as rainfall increases. Plants with higher lignin contents in the pods produce seeds with a lower incidence of the fungus Cercospora kikuchii and lower chlorophyll content when associated with pre-harvest rainfall.
{"title":"Quality and chemical composition of soybean seeds with different lignin contents in the pod and seed coat subjected to weathering deterioration in pre-harvest","authors":"Cristian Rafael Brzezinski, Julia Abati, C. Zucareli, F. C. Krzyzanowski, A. A. Henning, F. A. Henning","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44257665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44257665","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Soybean seeds may show different responses to weathering deterioration depending on the intrinsic characteristics of the genetic material and the intensity and duration of the rainfall period. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest weathering deterioration on the quality and chemical composition of soybean seeds with different lignin contents in the pod and seed coat. The percentage of weathering damage was evaluated by the tetrazolium test, X-ray test, lignin content in the pod and seed coat, germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence, seed health test, and oil, protein, and chlorophyll contents. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 7×3 factorial scheme, that is, seven cultivars and three rainfall volumes (0, 54, and 162 mm), simulated when 95% of the pods had a mature color. The physiological and sanitary quality of soybean seeds reduces with an increase in pre-harvest rainfall. Soybean seeds from cultivars with higher lignin contents in the pod present a higher tolerance to pre-harvest weathering deterioration and provide seeds of better physiological quality. Seed oil and protein content is reduced in some cultivars as rainfall increases. Plants with higher lignin contents in the pods produce seeds with a lower incidence of the fungus Cercospora kikuchii and lower chlorophyll content when associated with pre-harvest rainfall.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67323934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44257812
J. J. Silva, Sara de Souza Alencar, Raquel Araujo Gomes, J. R. Matias, C. R. Pelacani, B. F. Dantas
Abstract: Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose is an endangered tree species. However, its seed quality, storage, and conservation strategies are issues still unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of H. spongiosus seeds subjected to different storage times, packaging, and environments for their conservation. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a double factorial arrangement with an additional treatment (recently-harvested seeds), consisted of five storage times (up to 24 months) and six storage conditions, combining packaging types (permeable and impermeable) and environments (room, cold chamber, freezer, and liquid nitrogen conditions). Seed germination percentage and normal seedling percentage, shoot length, root length, and root to shoot dry weight ratio were evaluated. The seed germination and normal seedling percentages of H. spongiosus seeds conserved under room conditions decreased over the storage time. Normal seedling percentages decreased from the 12th month of storage onwards. Low and ultralow temperatures are recommended for short and medium-term conservation of H. spongiosus seeds, since they did not affect the growth of seedlings.
摘要:Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose是一种濒危树种。然而，其种子质量、储存和保护策略仍是尚未探索的问题。研究了海棉种子在不同贮藏时间、不同包装和不同保存环境下的生理品质。采用完全随机试验设计，采用双因子安排，并进行额外处理(最近收获的种子)，包括5次储存时间(长达24个月)和6种储存条件，包括包装类型(透水和不透水)和环境(室内、冷藏室、冷冻室和液氮条件)。评价种子发芽率、正常苗率、茎长、根长、根冠干重比。室内保存的海棉种子的发芽率和正常成苗率随着保存时间的延长而降低。正常幼苗百分比从储藏12个月开始下降。由于低温和超低温不影响海棉幼苗的生长，建议在中短期保存海棉种子。
{"title":"Conservation and physiological quality of Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose (Bignoniaceae) seeds","authors":"J. J. Silva, Sara de Souza Alencar, Raquel Araujo Gomes, J. R. Matias, C. R. Pelacani, B. F. Dantas","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44257812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44257812","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Handroanthus spongiosus (Rizzini) S. Grose is an endangered tree species. However, its seed quality, storage, and conservation strategies are issues still unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of H. spongiosus seeds subjected to different storage times, packaging, and environments for their conservation. A completely randomized experimental design was used, in a double factorial arrangement with an additional treatment (recently-harvested seeds), consisted of five storage times (up to 24 months) and six storage conditions, combining packaging types (permeable and impermeable) and environments (room, cold chamber, freezer, and liquid nitrogen conditions). Seed germination percentage and normal seedling percentage, shoot length, root length, and root to shoot dry weight ratio were evaluated. The seed germination and normal seedling percentages of H. spongiosus seeds conserved under room conditions decreased over the storage time. Normal seedling percentages decreased from the 12th month of storage onwards. Low and ultralow temperatures are recommended for short and medium-term conservation of H. spongiosus seeds, since they did not affect the growth of seedlings.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67323942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44258666
Joyce de Oliveira Araújo, D. Dias, Rafaela Marques de Miranda, W. M. Nascimento
Abstract: The definition of methodologies that allow evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds is important to ensure the commercialization of lots with high performance. Thus, this research aimed to determine the most suitable conditions for conducting the electrical conductivity test in chickpea seeds to classify lots according to vigor level. Therefore, seeds from five lots of cultivar BRS Aleppo and four lots of cultivar Cícero were subjected to tests to characterize their initial quality and the results were compared with those obtained in the electrical conductivity test. To assess electrical conductivity, five soaking periods (2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours) were combined with four volumes of water (75, 100, 150, and 250 mL) at 25 °C temperature. The results show that the electrical conductivity test is efficient in evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds, providing information equivalent to other vigor tests. For the electrical conductivity test, it is recommended to use 50 seeds soaked in 150 mL of water, for 24 h, at 25 °C.
{"title":"Adjustment of the electrical conductivity test to evaluate the seed vigor of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)","authors":"Joyce de Oliveira Araújo, D. Dias, Rafaela Marques de Miranda, W. M. Nascimento","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44258666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44258666","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The definition of methodologies that allow evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds is important to ensure the commercialization of lots with high performance. Thus, this research aimed to determine the most suitable conditions for conducting the electrical conductivity test in chickpea seeds to classify lots according to vigor level. Therefore, seeds from five lots of cultivar BRS Aleppo and four lots of cultivar Cícero were subjected to tests to characterize their initial quality and the results were compared with those obtained in the electrical conductivity test. To assess electrical conductivity, five soaking periods (2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 hours) were combined with four volumes of water (75, 100, 150, and 250 mL) at 25 °C temperature. The results show that the electrical conductivity test is efficient in evaluating the physiological potential of chickpea seeds, providing information equivalent to other vigor tests. For the electrical conductivity test, it is recommended to use 50 seeds soaked in 150 mL of water, for 24 h, at 25 °C.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44262959
Fábio Luiz Santos Ornellas, A. O. Sousa, M. N. Araújo, R. M. Barbosa, B. F. Dantas
Abstract: Rapid tests that allow the assessment of physiological potential are essential parameters for quality seed and seedling production programs. The aim of this work was to establish parameters of a method for evaluating the vigor of seeds of native species through the analysis of ethanol production, measured with a modified alcohol meter. Six lots of Myracrodruon urundeuva were tested, and for each lot 1.0 g and 2.0 g of seeds were soaked for two, four, six, eight and 24 hours. Seven lots of Cenostigma pyramidale and five lots of Amburana cearensis were tested, where 20 seeds were soaked for two, four, six, eight and 24 h. The physiological quality of the seeds was also evaluated by germination and electrical conductivity tests. The use of 1.0 g of seeds soaked in 0.5 mL of water and evaluation of ethanol at six hours distinguished lots of M. urundeuva in terms of vigor. For C. pyramidale and A. cearensis, 20 seeds soaked in 1.0 mL of water and ethanol evaluation at six hours proved to be more efficient. The ethanol test proved to be fast and accurate, allowing differentiation of lots, as well as germination and electrical conductivity tests.
{"title":"Ethanol test to evaluate the physiological quality of forest seeds","authors":"Fábio Luiz Santos Ornellas, A. O. Sousa, M. N. Araújo, R. M. Barbosa, B. F. Dantas","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44262959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44262959","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Rapid tests that allow the assessment of physiological potential are essential parameters for quality seed and seedling production programs. The aim of this work was to establish parameters of a method for evaluating the vigor of seeds of native species through the analysis of ethanol production, measured with a modified alcohol meter. Six lots of Myracrodruon urundeuva were tested, and for each lot 1.0 g and 2.0 g of seeds were soaked for two, four, six, eight and 24 hours. Seven lots of Cenostigma pyramidale and five lots of Amburana cearensis were tested, where 20 seeds were soaked for two, four, six, eight and 24 h. The physiological quality of the seeds was also evaluated by germination and electrical conductivity tests. The use of 1.0 g of seeds soaked in 0.5 mL of water and evaluation of ethanol at six hours distinguished lots of M. urundeuva in terms of vigor. For C. pyramidale and A. cearensis, 20 seeds soaked in 1.0 mL of water and ethanol evaluation at six hours proved to be more efficient. The ethanol test proved to be fast and accurate, allowing differentiation of lots, as well as germination and electrical conductivity tests.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261911
J. P. Silva, M. L. Salatino, C. J. Barbedo, R. C. Figueiredo-Ribeiro, D. Centeno
Abstract: During embryogenesis and seed filling, developing seeds are metabolically highly active, while at the desiccation stage of tolerant seeds a decreased metabolism is expected. Seeds of Poincianella pluviosa present an extensive maturation cycle (11 months), longer than seed storability at room temperature (8 months). The metabolic profile of these seeds was characterized during maturation and drying, focusing in their role on seed behavior after shedding. Distinct responses of the embryonic axes and cotyledons to drying were observed depending on the developmental stage. Low proportions of tricarboxylic acids intermediaries until maturity indicated a low respiratory metabolism prior to the desiccation stage. Changes in shikimate, 4-coumarate, and quinate proportions suggest a metabolic shift towards the synthesis of chlorogenate isomers, found in high proportions in dispersed seeds. High proportions of lactate and glycerol were observed in immature seeds after artificial drying, but also in naturally dried axes of dispersed seeds. This suggests an active metabolism prior to drying and an osmotic stress under hypoxia, mechanisms that were never described before in desiccation-tolerant seeds. The results indicated that P. pluviosa seeds are dispersed with an incomplete metabolic switch-off, which can be related to their short lifespan.
{"title":"Active metabolism during desiccation of the desiccation tolerant short-lived seeds of Poincianella pluviosa (DC.) L. P. Queiroz","authors":"J. P. Silva, M. L. Salatino, C. J. Barbedo, R. C. Figueiredo-Ribeiro, D. Centeno","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44261911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44261911","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: During embryogenesis and seed filling, developing seeds are metabolically highly active, while at the desiccation stage of tolerant seeds a decreased metabolism is expected. Seeds of Poincianella pluviosa present an extensive maturation cycle (11 months), longer than seed storability at room temperature (8 months). The metabolic profile of these seeds was characterized during maturation and drying, focusing in their role on seed behavior after shedding. Distinct responses of the embryonic axes and cotyledons to drying were observed depending on the developmental stage. Low proportions of tricarboxylic acids intermediaries until maturity indicated a low respiratory metabolism prior to the desiccation stage. Changes in shikimate, 4-coumarate, and quinate proportions suggest a metabolic shift towards the synthesis of chlorogenate isomers, found in high proportions in dispersed seeds. High proportions of lactate and glycerol were observed in immature seeds after artificial drying, but also in naturally dried axes of dispersed seeds. This suggests an active metabolism prior to drying and an osmotic stress under hypoxia, mechanisms that were never described before in desiccation-tolerant seeds. The results indicated that P. pluviosa seeds are dispersed with an incomplete metabolic switch-off, which can be related to their short lifespan.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44250044
Lígia Anny Alves de Carvalho Farias, B. F. Dantas
Abstract: Global efforts to restore ecosystems have increased the demand for seeds of native species, both from tree-shrub and herbaceous strata. However, little is known about seed ecology or germination of many herbaceous species from the Brazilian Caatinga. Neoglaziovia variegata (caroá) is a bromeliad endemic to this biome and has great ornamental and fiber production potential. This study aimed to morphologically characterize N. variegata fruits and seeds and to evaluate its germination-related parameters. To do so, the morphometry of bunches, fruits, and seeds was investigated, and seeds were assessed for physiological quality at two maturation points and light response. The morphometric measurements showed normal distributions and a wide dispersion from the central values. Therefore, there is genetic variability among individuals of the same population. The seeds showed high germinability, and fruits had an average size of 8.5 x 9.4 cm, whose color (green or purple) did not influence their physiological quality. The seeds of N. variegata are positive photoblastic, and their germination reaches maximum values after two weeks in the presence of light.
摘要:全球生态系统恢复的努力增加了对本地物种种子的需求，包括乔灌木和草本地层。然而，人们对巴西卡廷加许多草本植物的种子生态学和发芽情况知之甚少。Neoglaziovia variegata (carotta)是该生物群系特有的凤梨科植物，具有很大的观赏和纤维生产潜力。本研究旨在对杂交莲果实和种子进行形态学表征，并对其发芽相关参数进行评价。为此，研究人员对束、果实和种子的形态测定进行了研究，并对种子在两个成熟点的生理品质和光响应进行了评估。形态计量学测量显示正态分布，与中心值有较大的离散度。因此，同一种群的个体之间存在遗传变异。种子萌发能力强，果实平均大小为8.5 x 9.4 cm，果实颜色(绿色或紫色)不影响其生理品质。杂交种的种子具有正光芽性，在光照条件下2周萌发达到最大值。
{"title":"Morphometric characterization and functional traits of fruits and seeds of Neoglaziovia variegata (Arruda) Mez.","authors":"Lígia Anny Alves de Carvalho Farias, B. F. Dantas","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44250044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44250044","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Global efforts to restore ecosystems have increased the demand for seeds of native species, both from tree-shrub and herbaceous strata. However, little is known about seed ecology or germination of many herbaceous species from the Brazilian Caatinga. Neoglaziovia variegata (caroá) is a bromeliad endemic to this biome and has great ornamental and fiber production potential. This study aimed to morphologically characterize N. variegata fruits and seeds and to evaluate its germination-related parameters. To do so, the morphometry of bunches, fruits, and seeds was investigated, and seeds were assessed for physiological quality at two maturation points and light response. The morphometric measurements showed normal distributions and a wide dispersion from the central values. Therefore, there is genetic variability among individuals of the same population. The seeds showed high germinability, and fruits had an average size of 8.5 x 9.4 cm, whose color (green or purple) did not influence their physiological quality. The seeds of N. variegata are positive photoblastic, and their germination reaches maximum values after two weeks in the presence of light.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67323910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44257527
Venícius Urbano Vilela Reis, A. C. Penido, E. R. Carvalho, D. K. Rocha, L. V. Reis, Pedro Henrique Zanqueta Semolini
Abstract: Seed quality is extremely important for agribusiness, as it can affect the stand establishment, as well as the competitive ability of the plant, affecting its yield potential. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the initial development and the production performance of the maize crop as a function of the vigor of the seed lots. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments, involving two factors: two stands (ideal number of plants and ideal number of seeds corrected by the seedling emergence test in bed); and five seed lots as a function of vigor (63, 68, 83, 87 and 99% vigor), according to the results of the cold test. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. The following parameters were determined along the crop cycle: plant height; chlorophyll and plant cover index; cycle; initial and final populations; and components of grain yield. The use of high-vigor maize seeds favors the initial development of the crop and soil cover, with a positive influence on the number of grains per ear and final population of plants in pre-harvest, in addition to reducing the cycle. High-vigor maize seeds promote gains in yield; for each increase of 1.0 percentage point in the level of seed vigor of the lot, estimated by cold test, the increase in grain production can reach 43.5 kg.ha-1.
{"title":"Vigor of maize seeds and its effects on plant stand establishment, crop development and grain yield","authors":"Venícius Urbano Vilela Reis, A. C. Penido, E. R. Carvalho, D. K. Rocha, L. V. Reis, Pedro Henrique Zanqueta Semolini","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44257527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44257527","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Seed quality is extremely important for agribusiness, as it can affect the stand establishment, as well as the competitive ability of the plant, affecting its yield potential. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the initial development and the production performance of the maize crop as a function of the vigor of the seed lots. The experiment consisted of 10 treatments, involving two factors: two stands (ideal number of plants and ideal number of seeds corrected by the seedling emergence test in bed); and five seed lots as a function of vigor (63, 68, 83, 87 and 99% vigor), according to the results of the cold test. The experimental design was a randomized block design, with four replications. The following parameters were determined along the crop cycle: plant height; chlorophyll and plant cover index; cycle; initial and final populations; and components of grain yield. The use of high-vigor maize seeds favors the initial development of the crop and soil cover, with a positive influence on the number of grains per ear and final population of plants in pre-harvest, in addition to reducing the cycle. High-vigor maize seeds promote gains in yield; for each increase of 1.0 percentage point in the level of seed vigor of the lot, estimated by cold test, the increase in grain production can reach 43.5 kg.ha-1.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261411
Rafaela Torquato de Agostini, Fabiana Lima Abrantes, N. B. Machado-Neto, C. C. Custódio
Abstract: Seed conditioning improves germination uniformity, speed, and dormancy release. This work aimed the study the physiological conditioning of Urochloa humidicola cv. Llanero, using two lots of dormant seeds conditioned by imbibition with water, commercial bioregulator (auxin, gibberellin - 0.144 mM and cytokinin), gibberellin (0.144 and 1.44 mM) or 5% ethanol. Germination, dormancy, SOD activity, MDA and H2O2 content were evaluated. In both lots, germination percentage was positively influenced by the commercial bioregulator without affecting the viability. In the first, the germination, using a bioregulator or ethanol, was higher; in the second, the highest germination was from the treated seeds concerning the control and water treatment. The unconditioned seeds presented a higher H2O2 and protein content in both lots. The MDA content in the first lot was higher in the non-conditioned seeds and conditioned with ethanol. In the second lot, the water conditioned seeds had higher content. In both lots, the bioregulator conditioned seeds showed higher SOD activity. The H2O2 content was related to antioxidation activation. It was impossible to identify the oxidative window of germination in which H2O2 would be a signal, releasing germination. The conditioning of seeds with any product showed superior physiological quality than the unconditioned or conditioned with water.
{"title":"Ethanol and hormones in physiological conditioning on germination and seed dormancy of Urochloa humidicola cv. Llanero","authors":"Rafaela Torquato de Agostini, Fabiana Lima Abrantes, N. B. Machado-Neto, C. C. Custódio","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44261411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44261411","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Seed conditioning improves germination uniformity, speed, and dormancy release. This work aimed the study the physiological conditioning of Urochloa humidicola cv. Llanero, using two lots of dormant seeds conditioned by imbibition with water, commercial bioregulator (auxin, gibberellin - 0.144 mM and cytokinin), gibberellin (0.144 and 1.44 mM) or 5% ethanol. Germination, dormancy, SOD activity, MDA and H2O2 content were evaluated. In both lots, germination percentage was positively influenced by the commercial bioregulator without affecting the viability. In the first, the germination, using a bioregulator or ethanol, was higher; in the second, the highest germination was from the treated seeds concerning the control and water treatment. The unconditioned seeds presented a higher H2O2 and protein content in both lots. The MDA content in the first lot was higher in the non-conditioned seeds and conditioned with ethanol. In the second lot, the water conditioned seeds had higher content. In both lots, the bioregulator conditioned seeds showed higher SOD activity. The H2O2 content was related to antioxidation activation. It was impossible to identify the oxidative window of germination in which H2O2 would be a signal, releasing germination. The conditioning of seeds with any product showed superior physiological quality than the unconditioned or conditioned with water.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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