Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44260855
L. F. Delgado, S. Teixeira, S. M. Carmello-Guerreiro, C. J. Barbedo
Abstract: Studies on seed germination in Eugenia species after embryo fractionation have demonstrated that cotyledon cells have capacity for de-differentiation and consequent production of roots. However, there is no information about the origin of those new roots. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize anatomically the cotyledon regions of seeds of five species of Eugenia to elucidate the tissue that originates such roots. Seeds were sectioned across the hillum region and immediately placed to germinate. As soon as the fractions of these cut seeds develop roots they were fixed and processed to the usual techniques for light microscopy. The adventitious roots originated only when the seed was fractioned, never occurring spontaneously in uninjured seeds. Adventitious roots were formed from perivascular parenchyma cells, located close to the injured region of the cotyledons. These cells divided periclinally and proliferated, giving rise to a root meristem. Therefore, new seedlings probably have a different genome than the mother plant, but they would be identical to the embryo that was a result of fertilization.
{"title":"The origin of new roots from cut seeds of Eugenia species","authors":"L. F. Delgado, S. Teixeira, S. M. Carmello-Guerreiro, C. J. Barbedo","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44260855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44260855","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Studies on seed germination in Eugenia species after embryo fractionation have demonstrated that cotyledon cells have capacity for de-differentiation and consequent production of roots. However, there is no information about the origin of those new roots. Thus, the aim of this study was to characterize anatomically the cotyledon regions of seeds of five species of Eugenia to elucidate the tissue that originates such roots. Seeds were sectioned across the hillum region and immediately placed to germinate. As soon as the fractions of these cut seeds develop roots they were fixed and processed to the usual techniques for light microscopy. The adventitious roots originated only when the seed was fractioned, never occurring spontaneously in uninjured seeds. Adventitious roots were formed from perivascular parenchyma cells, located close to the injured region of the cotyledons. These cells divided periclinally and proliferated, giving rise to a root meristem. Therefore, new seedlings probably have a different genome than the mother plant, but they would be identical to the embryo that was a result of fertilization.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261463
Lorena de Souza Silva, D. Gentil, S. A. D. N. Ferreira
Abstract: Trichosanthes cucumerina L. (Cucurbitaceae) is a traditional fruit vegetable grown by family farmers in the Amazon. This study aimed to evaluate seed maturation as a function of age and fruit morphological characteristics, and the effect of different temperatures on seed germination of accessions of the species. A completely randomized design was adopted in the maturation study, with five treatments (fruit age: 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after anthesis - DAA) and four replications. Seed quality was evaluated through dry mass, water content, germination, and vigor variables, while the fruits were evaluated for physical characteristics and the number of seeds. A completely randomized design in a 3 (temperatures: 20, 25, and 30 °C) x 7 (accessions: PIN I, PIN II, TSA, MAO, UTB, ITA, and IMI) factorial scheme, with four replications was adopted in the study of germination temperatures. Seed quality was evaluated using germination and vigor tests. Seeds reach physiological maturity around 50 DAA. The fruits are partially or completely orange or reddish-orange in color at that time. The temperature of 30 °C favored the seed germination process, resulting in a higher percentage and germination rate.
摘要:黄瓜Trichosanthes cucumerina L.(葫芦科)是亚马逊地区家庭农民种植的传统水果蔬菜。本研究旨在评价种子成熟度随年龄和果实形态特征的变化，以及不同温度对种子萌发的影响。成熟研究采用完全随机设计，5个处理(果龄:开花后20、30、40、50和60 d - DAA)， 4个重复。通过干质量、含水量、发芽率和活力等指标评价种子质量，通过物理特性和种子数量评价果实质量。采用发芽试验和活力试验评价种子品质。种子在50 DAA左右达到生理成熟。当时的果实部分或完全呈橙色或红橙色。30℃的温度有利于种子萌发，萌发率和发芽率较高。
{"title":"Maturation and germination of Trichosanthes cucumerina L. seeds","authors":"Lorena de Souza Silva, D. Gentil, S. A. D. N. Ferreira","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44261463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44261463","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Trichosanthes cucumerina L. (Cucurbitaceae) is a traditional fruit vegetable grown by family farmers in the Amazon. This study aimed to evaluate seed maturation as a function of age and fruit morphological characteristics, and the effect of different temperatures on seed germination of accessions of the species. A completely randomized design was adopted in the maturation study, with five treatments (fruit age: 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 days after anthesis - DAA) and four replications. Seed quality was evaluated through dry mass, water content, germination, and vigor variables, while the fruits were evaluated for physical characteristics and the number of seeds. A completely randomized design in a 3 (temperatures: 20, 25, and 30 °C) x 7 (accessions: PIN I, PIN II, TSA, MAO, UTB, ITA, and IMI) factorial scheme, with four replications was adopted in the study of germination temperatures. Seed quality was evaluated using germination and vigor tests. Seeds reach physiological maturity around 50 DAA. The fruits are partially or completely orange or reddish-orange in color at that time. The temperature of 30 °C favored the seed germination process, resulting in a higher percentage and germination rate.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44264545
Amanda Karoliny Fernandes Ramos, A. D. Medeiros, M. D. Pereira, Yuri Felipe Araújo, L. J. Silva, C. Z. Alves
Abstract: Recently is growing the need for non-invasive, fast, and accurate technologies that can predict seed quality. Between these technologies, X-ray image analysis stand out for evaluation of the internal morphology of the seeds. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of a specialized software for analyzing digital radiographs of Urochloa decumbens seeds called SARS (Sistema de Análise de Radiografias de Sementes - Seed Radiograph Analysis System). Five comercial seed lots of U. decumbens cv. Basilisk were used. The seed lots were produced in the 2018/2019 crop season. Radiographic images of the seeds were analyzed in SARS, through which physical characteristics were obtained. The seeds were then subjected to germination test, in which variables related to the physiological quality were evaluated. It was possible to observe that the seeds with greater germination and vigor showed strong and significant correlations with some of the physical variables obtained using SARS. Thus, high correlation of seedling length and relative seed density is important for validating the seed radiographic image analysis method. SARS proved to be an efficient tool for analyzing digital radiographs of U. decumbens seeds. It can generate descriptors which support morphometric and internal analysis of the seeds. Physical parameters obtained by using the technique have close relationship with the germination and vigor of the seeds.
摘要:近年来，对种子质量无创、快速、准确预测技术的需求日益增长。在这些技术之间，x射线图像分析在评估种子的内部形态方面脱颖而出。因此，本研究的目的是评估一种专门的软件的效率，用于分析被称为SARS (Sistema de Análise de radigrafias de Sementes -种子x射线分析系统)的数字影像。5个商业种子批次的美国躺椅cv。使用蛇怪。这些种子批次是在2018/2019作物季节生产的。对沙士种子的x线影像进行了分析，获得了种子的物理特征。然后对种子进行发芽试验，评估与生理品质相关的变量。可以观察到，萌发率和活力较高的种子与利用SARS获得的一些物理变量表现出强烈而显著的相关性。因此，幼苗长度和相对种子密度的高度相关性对于验证种子射线图像分析方法具有重要意义。SARS被证明是一种有效的工具，用于分析美国种子的数字射线照片。它可以生成支持种子形态测量和内部分析的描述符。利用该技术获得的物理参数与种子的发芽和活力密切相关。
{"title":"SARS software for analysis of radiographic images of Urochloa decumbens (Stapf) RD Webster seeds","authors":"Amanda Karoliny Fernandes Ramos, A. D. Medeiros, M. D. Pereira, Yuri Felipe Araújo, L. J. Silva, C. Z. Alves","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44264545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44264545","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Recently is growing the need for non-invasive, fast, and accurate technologies that can predict seed quality. Between these technologies, X-ray image analysis stand out for evaluation of the internal morphology of the seeds. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficiency of a specialized software for analyzing digital radiographs of Urochloa decumbens seeds called SARS (Sistema de Análise de Radiografias de Sementes - Seed Radiograph Analysis System). Five comercial seed lots of U. decumbens cv. Basilisk were used. The seed lots were produced in the 2018/2019 crop season. Radiographic images of the seeds were analyzed in SARS, through which physical characteristics were obtained. The seeds were then subjected to germination test, in which variables related to the physiological quality were evaluated. It was possible to observe that the seeds with greater germination and vigor showed strong and significant correlations with some of the physical variables obtained using SARS. Thus, high correlation of seedling length and relative seed density is important for validating the seed radiographic image analysis method. SARS proved to be an efficient tool for analyzing digital radiographs of U. decumbens seeds. It can generate descriptors which support morphometric and internal analysis of the seeds. Physical parameters obtained by using the technique have close relationship with the germination and vigor of the seeds.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261925
M. S. Padilha, C. Coelho, N. Ehrhardt-Brocardo
Abstract: Seed deterioration is a continuous irreversible process that affects cell structures and molecules and compromises the physiological quality of seeds. This study aimed to assess the effect of artificial wheat seed deterioration on germination and seedling performance. The TBIO Toruk wheat cultivar was used, with seeds submitted to different artificial aging times (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days). The original and aged seed lots were submitted to laboratory germination and seedling performance tests (seedling length, seedling dry weight and endosperm dry weight). Alpha-amylase activity, electrical conductivity and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were quantified. The exudate resulting from the electrical conductivity test was separated to quantify total soluble sugars, soluble proteins and phosphorus. The deterioration process increased lipid peroxidation and decreased initial alpha-amylase activity. During germination, the most deteriorated lots exhibited greater solute loss and lower alpha-amylase synthesis capacity. The lots with the greatest deterioration showed reduced viability and produced worse-performing seedlings.
{"title":"Viability and performance of wheat seedlings after artificial seed aging","authors":"M. S. Padilha, C. Coelho, N. Ehrhardt-Brocardo","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44261925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44261925","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Seed deterioration is a continuous irreversible process that affects cell structures and molecules and compromises the physiological quality of seeds. This study aimed to assess the effect of artificial wheat seed deterioration on germination and seedling performance. The TBIO Toruk wheat cultivar was used, with seeds submitted to different artificial aging times (2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 days). The original and aged seed lots were submitted to laboratory germination and seedling performance tests (seedling length, seedling dry weight and endosperm dry weight). Alpha-amylase activity, electrical conductivity and the oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde were quantified. The exudate resulting from the electrical conductivity test was separated to quantify total soluble sugars, soluble proteins and phosphorus. The deterioration process increased lipid peroxidation and decreased initial alpha-amylase activity. During germination, the most deteriorated lots exhibited greater solute loss and lower alpha-amylase synthesis capacity. The lots with the greatest deterioration showed reduced viability and produced worse-performing seedlings.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44257868
M. Rodrigues, F. C. Krzyzanowski, J. França-Neto, F. A. Henning, I. O. N. Lopes
Abstract: The accelerated aging test is widely used to evaluate the vigor of soybean seeds. Currently, the methodology recommended in the literature is to set up the germination test at most one hour after the seed aging process, which makes it difficult to set up and evaluate a large number of samples. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of delay in setting up the germination test after the process of accelerated aging of soybean seeds, specifically its effect on seed physiological performance. We tested three seed lots of the soybean cultivars BRS 397, BRS 399 RR, BRS 1007 IPRO, BRS 1010 IPRO, and BRS 388, all within the standards required for commercialization. The seed lots were physiologically characterized by evaluation of moisture content, germination, seedling vigor classification, tetrazolium test (viability and vigor) and accelerated aging test. The treatments consisted of hours (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) of delay in setting up the germination test after accelerated aging. A delay of up to eight hours in setting up the germination test after the accelerated aging process of soybean seeds has no direct relationship with the result of assessment of the physiological performance of the seed lot.
{"title":"Physiological performance of soybean seeds in the accelerated aging test and their germination after several waiting periods","authors":"M. Rodrigues, F. C. Krzyzanowski, J. França-Neto, F. A. Henning, I. O. N. Lopes","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44257868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44257868","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The accelerated aging test is widely used to evaluate the vigor of soybean seeds. Currently, the methodology recommended in the literature is to set up the germination test at most one hour after the seed aging process, which makes it difficult to set up and evaluate a large number of samples. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of delay in setting up the germination test after the process of accelerated aging of soybean seeds, specifically its effect on seed physiological performance. We tested three seed lots of the soybean cultivars BRS 397, BRS 399 RR, BRS 1007 IPRO, BRS 1010 IPRO, and BRS 388, all within the standards required for commercialization. The seed lots were physiologically characterized by evaluation of moisture content, germination, seedling vigor classification, tetrazolium test (viability and vigor) and accelerated aging test. The treatments consisted of hours (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) of delay in setting up the germination test after accelerated aging. A delay of up to eight hours in setting up the germination test after the accelerated aging process of soybean seeds has no direct relationship with the result of assessment of the physiological performance of the seed lot.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67323996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44258570
N.A.B. Fávaris, S. Rosa, Madeleine Alves de Figueiredo, S. Coelho, Ana Luiza Oliveira Vilela, L. Padilha
Abstract: Coffee seeds are sensitive to desiccation and are used or stored with different moisture content values, which may affect the results of quality assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in protein profile in electrophoresis gel in coffee seeds with different moisture content values under freeze-drying and without freeze-drying. Two lots of arabica coffee seeds were used, one of newly-harvested seeds and another of stored seeds. The seeds were dried to the moisture content values of 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40%. The physiological quality of the seeds was assessed through the germination test, electrical conductivity, and the profiles of the enzymes SOD, CAT, PO, GOT, MDH, and EST and of heat-resistant proteins. In general, there is an effect on expression of these enzymes in accordance with the presence of free water in the seeds. Moist seeds have little to no enzyme expression. The freeze-drying process allows preservation of coffee seed quality and does not change the functionality of the enzymes studied. The isoenzyme profiles of the antioxidant process in arabica coffee seeds are affected by the initial moisture content of the seeds. The freeze-drying process of the seeds ensures greater sensitivity in detection of the expression of these isoenzymes.
{"title":"Protein profile in arabica coffee seeds in electrophoresis gel: importance of freeze-drying","authors":"N.A.B. Fávaris, S. Rosa, Madeleine Alves de Figueiredo, S. Coelho, Ana Luiza Oliveira Vilela, L. Padilha","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44258570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44258570","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Coffee seeds are sensitive to desiccation and are used or stored with different moisture content values, which may affect the results of quality assessment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in protein profile in electrophoresis gel in coffee seeds with different moisture content values under freeze-drying and without freeze-drying. Two lots of arabica coffee seeds were used, one of newly-harvested seeds and another of stored seeds. The seeds were dried to the moisture content values of 12, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40%. The physiological quality of the seeds was assessed through the germination test, electrical conductivity, and the profiles of the enzymes SOD, CAT, PO, GOT, MDH, and EST and of heat-resistant proteins. In general, there is an effect on expression of these enzymes in accordance with the presence of free water in the seeds. Moist seeds have little to no enzyme expression. The freeze-drying process allows preservation of coffee seed quality and does not change the functionality of the enzymes studied. The isoenzyme profiles of the antioxidant process in arabica coffee seeds are affected by the initial moisture content of the seeds. The freeze-drying process of the seeds ensures greater sensitivity in detection of the expression of these isoenzymes.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44256114
F. Pelissari, W. Pereira, T. M. Pereira, H. Santos, J. Faria, A. José
Abstract: Several studies have successfully used polyethylene glycol (PEG) and/or abscisic acid (ABA) to reinduce desiccation tolerance in germinated seeds of orthodox species, improving our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this trait. In this context, treatments with PEG and ABA were tested to assess their efficiency in reducing the sensitivity to desiccation and increasing the storage period of Magnolia ovata seeds. The drying of seeds to 10% water did not significantly affect germination, nor was germination impaired in seeds that were dried and treated with ABA. However, seeds treated with PEG had lower viability. After storage, ABA-treated seeds with as low as 5% water content (WC) had higher germination rates, the treatment with 100 µM ABA providing the greatest storage capacity. No changes were observed in the activity of catalase, peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase or in the abundance of total or heat-resistance proteins.
{"title":"Effect of PEG and ABA on desiccation tolerance and storage of Magnolia ovata (A.St.-Hil.) Spreng. Seeds","authors":"F. Pelissari, W. Pereira, T. M. Pereira, H. Santos, J. Faria, A. José","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44256114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44256114","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Several studies have successfully used polyethylene glycol (PEG) and/or abscisic acid (ABA) to reinduce desiccation tolerance in germinated seeds of orthodox species, improving our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this trait. In this context, treatments with PEG and ABA were tested to assess their efficiency in reducing the sensitivity to desiccation and increasing the storage period of Magnolia ovata seeds. The drying of seeds to 10% water did not significantly affect germination, nor was germination impaired in seeds that were dried and treated with ABA. However, seeds treated with PEG had lower viability. After storage, ABA-treated seeds with as low as 5% water content (WC) had higher germination rates, the treatment with 100 µM ABA providing the greatest storage capacity. No changes were observed in the activity of catalase, peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase or in the abundance of total or heat-resistance proteins.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44258744
Marcelo Coelho Sekita, D. Dias, D. T. Pinheiro, A. Silva, Antônio César Batista Matos, L. J. Silva
Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) has been standing out as a seed germination process stimulator, mainly under stress conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of NO on germination and vigor of pea seeds submitted to water deficit. Seeds of cv. Itapuã 600 were sown in moistened substrate with water (control), PEG 6000 solution (-0.15 MPa) and PEG 6000 solution with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (-0.15 MPa + 50 μM), an NO donor. The germination, vigor (germination speed and seedling development), activity of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and amylase activity were evaluated. Germination and vigor of pea seeds were reduced under water deficit, but the application of SNP was able to improve the physiological and biochemical performance of the seeds under this condition. Water deficit promotes an increase in oxidative stress, but the application of NO promotes greater activity of antioxidative apparatus enzymes and amylases, softening the damage caused by water deficit during seed germination and growth of pea seedlings.
{"title":"Nitric oxide in physiological potential and biochemical mechanisms of pea seeds under water deficit","authors":"Marcelo Coelho Sekita, D. Dias, D. T. Pinheiro, A. Silva, Antônio César Batista Matos, L. J. Silva","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44258744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44258744","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) has been standing out as a seed germination process stimulator, mainly under stress conditions. This work aimed to evaluate the physiological and biochemical effects of NO on germination and vigor of pea seeds submitted to water deficit. Seeds of cv. Itapuã 600 were sown in moistened substrate with water (control), PEG 6000 solution (-0.15 MPa) and PEG 6000 solution with sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (-0.15 MPa + 50 μM), an NO donor. The germination, vigor (germination speed and seedling development), activity of antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation, and amylase activity were evaluated. Germination and vigor of pea seeds were reduced under water deficit, but the application of SNP was able to improve the physiological and biochemical performance of the seeds under this condition. Water deficit promotes an increase in oxidative stress, but the application of NO promotes greater activity of antioxidative apparatus enzymes and amylases, softening the damage caused by water deficit during seed germination and growth of pea seedlings.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44256994
P. B. Zini, T. Poletto, V. S. Fantinel, N. D. Andrade, U. R. Nunes, M. Muniz, R. Jacques
Abstract: Buckwheat is a species with great economic and production potential, which has gained increasing importance. This study aimed to determine the physical, physiological, and sanitary quality of samples from seed lots, and to evaluate the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. in buckwheat plants. Physical and physiological quality was evaluated by the thousand-seed weight, moisture content, germination test (5th and 7th days), seedling length, and seedling dry mass, while sanitary quality was determined by the health test on filter paper, with the seeds subjected to asepsis and without asepsis. Isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from symptomatic seedlings in the paper roll germination test. To identify and characterize fungal isolates, morphological and molecular approaches were used. Pathogenicity was determined on healthy plants in a controlled environment. The lots showed high physiological quality in the germination evaluation (5th and 7th days). There was a high incidence of Fusarium spp. in all lots, which can be reduced with seed asepsis. The isolates were identified as Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex, and were pathogenic to buckwheat plants.
{"title":"Buckwheat seed quality and pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. in plants","authors":"P. B. Zini, T. Poletto, V. S. Fantinel, N. D. Andrade, U. R. Nunes, M. Muniz, R. Jacques","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44256994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44256994","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Buckwheat is a species with great economic and production potential, which has gained increasing importance. This study aimed to determine the physical, physiological, and sanitary quality of samples from seed lots, and to evaluate the pathogenicity of Fusarium spp. in buckwheat plants. Physical and physiological quality was evaluated by the thousand-seed weight, moisture content, germination test (5th and 7th days), seedling length, and seedling dry mass, while sanitary quality was determined by the health test on filter paper, with the seeds subjected to asepsis and without asepsis. Isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from symptomatic seedlings in the paper roll germination test. To identify and characterize fungal isolates, morphological and molecular approaches were used. Pathogenicity was determined on healthy plants in a controlled environment. The lots showed high physiological quality in the germination evaluation (5th and 7th days). There was a high incidence of Fusarium spp. in all lots, which can be reduced with seed asepsis. The isolates were identified as Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex, and were pathogenic to buckwheat plants.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44262484
Thaísa Fernanda Oliveira, H. Santos, Jéssica Batista Ribeiro, W. Pereira, A. Pereira, Antônio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto
Abstract: As forage production increase, high-quality seeds demand follows. Priming have been reported as a technique for improve seed quality and stress tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the priming agents effect on Urochloa ruziziensis seed germination and seedling establishment under water deficit and salt stress. A completely randomized experiment assessing six priming agents and three germination conditions were established. We evaluated: seed water content; germination percentage and speed index; viability of seeds remaining from the germination test; seedling length; antioxidant enzymatic activity; and malondialdehyde quantity. Seeds primed under water deficit and salt stress showed better physiological performance than dry seeds. There was a significant increase in seed germination percentage and speed and in seedling roots and shoots length. Sodium Nitroprusside shows significant potential for use in the physiological priming of U. ruziziensis seeds.
{"title":"Priming Urochloa ruziziensis (R.Germ. & Evrard) seeds with signalling molecules improves germination","authors":"Thaísa Fernanda Oliveira, H. Santos, Jéssica Batista Ribeiro, W. Pereira, A. Pereira, Antônio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44262484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44262484","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: As forage production increase, high-quality seeds demand follows. Priming have been reported as a technique for improve seed quality and stress tolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the priming agents effect on Urochloa ruziziensis seed germination and seedling establishment under water deficit and salt stress. A completely randomized experiment assessing six priming agents and three germination conditions were established. We evaluated: seed water content; germination percentage and speed index; viability of seeds remaining from the germination test; seedling length; antioxidant enzymatic activity; and malondialdehyde quantity. Seeds primed under water deficit and salt stress showed better physiological performance than dry seeds. There was a significant increase in seed germination percentage and speed and in seedling roots and shoots length. Sodium Nitroprusside shows significant potential for use in the physiological priming of U. ruziziensis seeds.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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