Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44260767
Marie Grulichová, Veronika Sedláková, V. Trojan, P. Hanáček, T. Vyhnánek
Abstract: The content of photosynthetic pigments, especially chlorophylls, has a significant effect on the quality, viability, and storability of seeds. Determination of photosynthetic pigments together with the correlation with seed quality parameters, such as germination and radicle emergence, lead to the possibility of using the pigments content as a new indicator of seed quality. The photosynthetic pigments content was determined spectrophotometrically from extracts of commercial mature seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley, and parsnip. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, and lutein varied among species of family Apiaceae and among varieties within species. Spectrophotometry was verified as easy, quick, and inexpensive method that can be used for the determination of photosynthetic pigments in mature seeds. The individual pigments content was compared to seed quality parameters such as standard germination, germination speed index (GSI), and radicle emergence (RE), which was carried out at 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h. Based on the correlation of photosynthetic pigments content with seed quality parameters (GSI and RE), chlorophyll b and lutein content were selected, and can be used as the new markers of seed quality.
{"title":"Correlation of photosynthetic pigments content with indicators of seed quality in the seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley, and parsnip","authors":"Marie Grulichová, Veronika Sedláková, V. Trojan, P. Hanáček, T. Vyhnánek","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44260767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44260767","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The content of photosynthetic pigments, especially chlorophylls, has a significant effect on the quality, viability, and storability of seeds. Determination of photosynthetic pigments together with the correlation with seed quality parameters, such as germination and radicle emergence, lead to the possibility of using the pigments content as a new indicator of seed quality. The photosynthetic pigments content was determined spectrophotometrically from extracts of commercial mature seeds of carrot, celery, dill, parsley, and parsnip. The content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, β-carotene, and lutein varied among species of family Apiaceae and among varieties within species. Spectrophotometry was verified as easy, quick, and inexpensive method that can be used for the determination of photosynthetic pigments in mature seeds. The individual pigments content was compared to seed quality parameters such as standard germination, germination speed index (GSI), and radicle emergence (RE), which was carried out at 72, 96, 120, 144, and 168 h. Based on the correlation of photosynthetic pigments content with seed quality parameters (GSI and RE), chlorophyll b and lutein content were selected, and can be used as the new markers of seed quality.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44262833
Gamze Kaya
Abstract: The study focused on increasing the germination of lettuce cultivars under high-temperature conditions by seed treatments. The seeds of lettuce cultivars Yedikule, Iceberg, Iri Kıvırcık, and BT Iri Kıvırcık with different leaf morphology were primed by different doses of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) and preconditioned by chilling and heating. The seeds were germinated at optimal (20 °C) and high (35 °C) temperatures. The results showed that high temperature adversely influenced the germination percentage of lettuce cultivars. The mean germination percentage was 16.8% at 35 °C and 93.4% at 20 °C. Also, there was a significant difference among lettuce cultivars for germination at 35 °C. Iri Kıvırcık and BT Iri Kıvırcık showed a severe thermodormancy and hardly ever germinated at 35 °C. Prechilling and preheating promoted germination at 35 °C compared to unprimed seeds, but prechilling resulted in higher germination than preheating. GA3 was found to be the most useful treatment for improving germination compared to the others. The germination percentage of Iceberg, Yedikule, and Iri Kıvırcık primed with GA3 doses reached over 80%. The results suggested that the germination performance of lettuce cultivars suffering from thermodormancy or wherever climatic conditions with high temperatures should be promoted by the application of 500 ppm de GA3.
摘要:通过种子处理提高高温条件下生菜品种的萌发率。以不同叶片形态的莴苣品种Yedikule、Iceberg、Iri Kıvırcık和BT Iri Kıvırcık为材料，分别用不同剂量的赤霉素(GA3)(0、250、500和1000 ppm)对其种子进行诱导，并进行冷却和加热预处理。种子在最佳(20°C)和最高(35°C)温度下发芽。结果表明，高温对生菜品种的发芽率有不利影响。35°C和20°C的平均发芽率分别为16.8%和93.4%。在35℃条件下，不同生菜品种的发芽率也存在显著差异。Iri Kıvırcık和BT Iri Kıvırcık表现出严重的热致性，在35℃下几乎不发芽。在35°C条件下，预冷和预热对种子的发芽率有促进作用，但预冷的发芽率高于预热。与其他处理相比，GA3处理对提高种子萌发最有用。经GA3处理后，Iceberg、Yedikule和Iri Kıvırcık的发芽率达到80%以上。结果表明，在高温气候条件下，施用500 ppm de GA3可促进高温环境下的生菜萌发。
{"title":"The efficiency of prechilling and gibberellic acid (GA3) for breaking thermodormancy in lettuce","authors":"Gamze Kaya","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44262833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44262833","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The study focused on increasing the germination of lettuce cultivars under high-temperature conditions by seed treatments. The seeds of lettuce cultivars Yedikule, Iceberg, Iri Kıvırcık, and BT Iri Kıvırcık with different leaf morphology were primed by different doses of gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 250, 500, and 1000 ppm) and preconditioned by chilling and heating. The seeds were germinated at optimal (20 °C) and high (35 °C) temperatures. The results showed that high temperature adversely influenced the germination percentage of lettuce cultivars. The mean germination percentage was 16.8% at 35 °C and 93.4% at 20 °C. Also, there was a significant difference among lettuce cultivars for germination at 35 °C. Iri Kıvırcık and BT Iri Kıvırcık showed a severe thermodormancy and hardly ever germinated at 35 °C. Prechilling and preheating promoted germination at 35 °C compared to unprimed seeds, but prechilling resulted in higher germination than preheating. GA3 was found to be the most useful treatment for improving germination compared to the others. The germination percentage of Iceberg, Yedikule, and Iri Kıvırcık primed with GA3 doses reached over 80%. The results suggested that the germination performance of lettuce cultivars suffering from thermodormancy or wherever climatic conditions with high temperatures should be promoted by the application of 500 ppm de GA3.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44268364
A. C. Belniaki, M. D. C. Molinari, F. A. Henning, Maristela Panobianco
Abstract: A systematic approach was employed with the objective of compiling updated and more promising information on the quality of soybean seeds, traits, treatments and analysis techniques. Among the 6,899 academic materials retrieved between 2017 and 2022, 57 of them were included in the study, separated into three groups: Group 1 - Theoretical materials addressing traits related to seed vigor, which can be used in biotechnological strategies and improvement of different species; Group 2 - Practical materials that apply techniques of treatment of soybean seeds; and Group 3 - Practical materials that apply techniques to evaluate vigor in soybean seeds. From the approach used, it was possible to observe that several genes, proteins and QTLs are associated with seed vigor. Seed treatment techniques focus on the use of biological and physical products, but there is a lack of studies validating these benefits in the field. Among the methods for evaluating the vigor of soybean seeds, the techniques of image analysis (visible light, LIBS, NIR, FTIR, FT-NIR, HSI-NIR, FHSI, Hyperspectral, Fluorescence spectral) and the use of software (Vigor-S®, SVIS®, SAPL®, IJCropSeed, Ilastik, VideometerLab®, MATLAB, ENVI®) stand out.
{"title":"Systematic Review - State of the Art: strategies for vigor evaluation and production of high-vigor soybean seeds","authors":"A. C. Belniaki, M. D. C. Molinari, F. A. Henning, Maristela Panobianco","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44268364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44268364","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: A systematic approach was employed with the objective of compiling updated and more promising information on the quality of soybean seeds, traits, treatments and analysis techniques. Among the 6,899 academic materials retrieved between 2017 and 2022, 57 of them were included in the study, separated into three groups: Group 1 - Theoretical materials addressing traits related to seed vigor, which can be used in biotechnological strategies and improvement of different species; Group 2 - Practical materials that apply techniques of treatment of soybean seeds; and Group 3 - Practical materials that apply techniques to evaluate vigor in soybean seeds. From the approach used, it was possible to observe that several genes, proteins and QTLs are associated with seed vigor. Seed treatment techniques focus on the use of biological and physical products, but there is a lack of studies validating these benefits in the field. Among the methods for evaluating the vigor of soybean seeds, the techniques of image analysis (visible light, LIBS, NIR, FTIR, FT-NIR, HSI-NIR, FHSI, Hyperspectral, Fluorescence spectral) and the use of software (Vigor-S®, SVIS®, SAPL®, IJCropSeed, Ilastik, VideometerLab®, MATLAB, ENVI®) stand out.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44250043
O. J. Smiderle, A. D. G. Souza
Abstract: The present study establishes the following research problem: Can different concentrations of Acadian®, Stimulate®, and Trichoderma spp. be effective in promoting the emergence and vigor of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings with or without mechanical scarification? The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four concentrations (0, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 mL.L-1), three hormones (Acadian®, Stimulate® and Trichoderma spp.), with and without mechanical scarification, with four replicates, each of which consisting of 25 seeds. Acadian® at a concentration of 5.0 mL.L-1 in scarified seeds of H. courbaril leads to a greater increase in the percentage of emergence and percentage of normal seedlings. Stimulate® at concentrations of 10.0 and 15.0 mL.L-1 is efficient in obtaining more than 85% emergence seedlings with seeds subjected to mechanical scarification. Trichoderma spp. from 9.0 mL.L-1 does not favor gains in the percentage of normal seedlings of Hymenaea courbaril grown from seeds with and without mechanical scarification. The dose of maximum technical efficiency (DMTE) of the bioregulator Acadian® is 8.50 mL.L-1 and, in scarified seeds of H. courbaril, it increases the percentage of seedling emergence.
{"title":"Scarification and doses of Acadian®, Stimulate® and Trichoderma spp. promote dormancy overcoming in Hymenaea courbaril L. seeds?","authors":"O. J. Smiderle, A. D. G. Souza","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44250043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44250043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The present study establishes the following research problem: Can different concentrations of Acadian®, Stimulate®, and Trichoderma spp. be effective in promoting the emergence and vigor of Hymenaea courbaril seedlings with or without mechanical scarification? The experimental design used was completely randomized, in a 4 x 3 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four concentrations (0, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 mL.L-1), three hormones (Acadian®, Stimulate® and Trichoderma spp.), with and without mechanical scarification, with four replicates, each of which consisting of 25 seeds. Acadian® at a concentration of 5.0 mL.L-1 in scarified seeds of H. courbaril leads to a greater increase in the percentage of emergence and percentage of normal seedlings. Stimulate® at concentrations of 10.0 and 15.0 mL.L-1 is efficient in obtaining more than 85% emergence seedlings with seeds subjected to mechanical scarification. Trichoderma spp. from 9.0 mL.L-1 does not favor gains in the percentage of normal seedlings of Hymenaea courbaril grown from seeds with and without mechanical scarification. The dose of maximum technical efficiency (DMTE) of the bioregulator Acadian® is 8.50 mL.L-1 and, in scarified seeds of H. courbaril, it increases the percentage of seedling emergence.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44262592
R. S. Martins, Nelson Augustos dos Santos Junior, C. J. Barbedo
Abstract: Seed pathology is an area of study that began in the last century and has been developing since then, with increasing contribution especially to agricultural production systems. However, in the environmental area, studies began much later, but showed equal importance, especially for plant restoration and germplasm conservation programs. In this review, information about the knowledge on the pathology of seeds of non-domesticated species from tropical ecosystems is presented and the benefits and gaps of these studies are discussed.
{"title":"Seed pathology of non-domesticated species of tropical ecosystems","authors":"R. S. Martins, Nelson Augustos dos Santos Junior, C. J. Barbedo","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44262592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44262592","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Seed pathology is an area of study that began in the last century and has been developing since then, with increasing contribution especially to agricultural production systems. However, in the environmental area, studies began much later, but showed equal importance, especially for plant restoration and germplasm conservation programs. In this review, information about the knowledge on the pathology of seeds of non-domesticated species from tropical ecosystems is presented and the benefits and gaps of these studies are discussed.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44263001
D. T. Pinheiro, D. Dias, José Maria da Silva, Guilherme Fontes Valory Gama, M. J. Z. León, L. J. Silva
Abstract: Weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase impairs high-quality soybean seed production. The performance of several tests to infer seed quality is common in genotype selection, and multivariate statistics can assist in the interpretations. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of the principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) multivariate statistical methods in assessing the tolerance of seeds of different soybean cultivars to weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of six soybean cultivars (DM 6563, BMX Apolo, BMX Potência, NA 5909, NS 5959, and TMG 1175) were produced. Different simulated precipitation levels (0, 60, 120, and 180 mm) were applied in the pre-harvest phase. The seeds were collected and assessed for physiological, physical, and biochemical analyses and the data were analyzed by PCA and CDA techniques. The results showed that PCA and CDA are efficient for assessing the tolerance to weathering deterioration in soybean seeds. PCA and CDA assisted in the recommendation of the tests first germination count, accelerated aging, tetrazolium, percentage of seeds with seed coat wrinkling, protein content, and protease activity in the pre-selection of genotypes for weathering deterioration. PCA and CDA also helped to identify the cultivars DM 6563 and BMX Potência as more susceptible and NA 5909 and TMG 1175 as more tolerant to weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase.
{"title":"Assessment of the tolerance of soybean seeds to weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase by multivariate analysis","authors":"D. T. Pinheiro, D. Dias, José Maria da Silva, Guilherme Fontes Valory Gama, M. J. Z. León, L. J. Silva","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44263001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44263001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase impairs high-quality soybean seed production. The performance of several tests to infer seed quality is common in genotype selection, and multivariate statistics can assist in the interpretations. This study aimed to assess the efficiency of the principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) multivariate statistical methods in assessing the tolerance of seeds of different soybean cultivars to weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase under greenhouse conditions. Seeds of six soybean cultivars (DM 6563, BMX Apolo, BMX Potência, NA 5909, NS 5959, and TMG 1175) were produced. Different simulated precipitation levels (0, 60, 120, and 180 mm) were applied in the pre-harvest phase. The seeds were collected and assessed for physiological, physical, and biochemical analyses and the data were analyzed by PCA and CDA techniques. The results showed that PCA and CDA are efficient for assessing the tolerance to weathering deterioration in soybean seeds. PCA and CDA assisted in the recommendation of the tests first germination count, accelerated aging, tetrazolium, percentage of seeds with seed coat wrinkling, protein content, and protease activity in the pre-selection of genotypes for weathering deterioration. PCA and CDA also helped to identify the cultivars DM 6563 and BMX Potência as more susceptible and NA 5909 and TMG 1175 as more tolerant to weathering deterioration in the pre-harvest phase.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44263126
Q. Hu, Jingnan Guo, J. Liu
Abstract: The mechanism of promoting wheat seed germination by Bacillus subtilis has been paid great attention by many scholars. The germination rate and α-amylase activity of wheat seeds were significantly increased after germinating with Bacillus subtilis QM3 in this paper. Inhibitor and promoter of α-amylase were used to study relationship between bacteria and α-amylase. Compared with inhibitor group (10 mmol.L-1 EDTA), α-amylase activity of seeds treated by B. subtilis QM3 (106 CFU.mL-1) increased by 19.8%. It indicates that the inhibition has been alleviated. Similarly, α-amylase activity of co-treated group (2 mmol.L-1 CaCl2 and 106 CFU.mL-1 B. subtilis QM3) was higher than that of the promoter alone, reaching 14.9%. Furthermore, the results of α-amylase isozyme electrophoresis showed that there were three isozyme types in the gels, and the expression of α-amylase isoenzyme was significantly increased after treatment with B. subtilis QM3 (106 CFUmL.-1), which was reflected in the width and brightness of band mainly, especially band Cα. In addition, germination rate, α-amylase activity and isozyme electrophoresis of other three kinds of wheat seeds were also tested and similar results were obtained. Therefore, one of the possible mechanisms by which B. subtilis QM3 promotes seed germination is as a potential exogenous factor that can enhance activity and expression of α-amylase.
{"title":"Wheat seed germination based on α-amylase activity to study promoting mechanism of Bacillus subtilis QM3","authors":"Q. Hu, Jingnan Guo, J. Liu","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44263126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44263126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The mechanism of promoting wheat seed germination by Bacillus subtilis has been paid great attention by many scholars. The germination rate and α-amylase activity of wheat seeds were significantly increased after germinating with Bacillus subtilis QM3 in this paper. Inhibitor and promoter of α-amylase were used to study relationship between bacteria and α-amylase. Compared with inhibitor group (10 mmol.L-1 EDTA), α-amylase activity of seeds treated by B. subtilis QM3 (106 CFU.mL-1) increased by 19.8%. It indicates that the inhibition has been alleviated. Similarly, α-amylase activity of co-treated group (2 mmol.L-1 CaCl2 and 106 CFU.mL-1 B. subtilis QM3) was higher than that of the promoter alone, reaching 14.9%. Furthermore, the results of α-amylase isozyme electrophoresis showed that there were three isozyme types in the gels, and the expression of α-amylase isoenzyme was significantly increased after treatment with B. subtilis QM3 (106 CFUmL.-1), which was reflected in the width and brightness of band mainly, especially band Cα. In addition, germination rate, α-amylase activity and isozyme electrophoresis of other three kinds of wheat seeds were also tested and similar results were obtained. Therefore, one of the possible mechanisms by which B. subtilis QM3 promotes seed germination is as a potential exogenous factor that can enhance activity and expression of α-amylase.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261490
Soryana Gonçalves Ferreira de Melo, V. C. A. Andrade Júnior, R. Pires, Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade, R. A. Santana, M. C. Nery
Abstract: For the germination of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) seeds to occur, it is necessary to overcome dormancy, which makes it difficult to assess their physiological potential. The aim of this research was to define a methodology to overcome the dormancy of sweet potato seeds and use image analysis to determine their physical and physiological quality. Four genotypes of sweet potato seeds were used, namely UFVJM-5, UFVJM-22, UFVJM-38 and UFVJM-65. To overcome dormancy, chemical scarification with 98% H2SO4 for 10 and 20 minutes, hot water at 95 °C for 10 and 20 minutes, and mechanical scarification with electric grinder were tested. To evaluate the physical quality, the seeds were analyzed with X-rays and classified as intact, empty and malformed seeds. Using the GroundEye® system, the characteristics of color dominance, seed geometry and seedling length were quantified. Treatments with mechanical scarification with grinder and 98% sulfuric acid, for an immersion period of 20 minutes, are efficient to break dormancy in sweet potato seeds. There are genetic divergences between sweet potato genotypes, promoting the formation of different groups. The characteristics of color and geometry of the seeds are the ones that most contribute to genetic diversity of genotypes.
{"title":"Dormancy and evaluation of the physical-physiological quality in sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] seeds by image analysis","authors":"Soryana Gonçalves Ferreira de Melo, V. C. A. Andrade Júnior, R. Pires, Dayliane Bernardes de Andrade, R. A. Santana, M. C. Nery","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44261490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44261490","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: For the germination of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) seeds to occur, it is necessary to overcome dormancy, which makes it difficult to assess their physiological potential. The aim of this research was to define a methodology to overcome the dormancy of sweet potato seeds and use image analysis to determine their physical and physiological quality. Four genotypes of sweet potato seeds were used, namely UFVJM-5, UFVJM-22, UFVJM-38 and UFVJM-65. To overcome dormancy, chemical scarification with 98% H2SO4 for 10 and 20 minutes, hot water at 95 °C for 10 and 20 minutes, and mechanical scarification with electric grinder were tested. To evaluate the physical quality, the seeds were analyzed with X-rays and classified as intact, empty and malformed seeds. Using the GroundEye® system, the characteristics of color dominance, seed geometry and seedling length were quantified. Treatments with mechanical scarification with grinder and 98% sulfuric acid, for an immersion period of 20 minutes, are efficient to break dormancy in sweet potato seeds. There are genetic divergences between sweet potato genotypes, promoting the formation of different groups. The characteristics of color and geometry of the seeds are the ones that most contribute to genetic diversity of genotypes.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44261928
Thais Silva Sales, V. C. A. Andrade Júnior, A. M. Azevedo, Marcelo Augusto Vieira Santos, Soryana Gonçalves Ferreira de Melo, M. C. Nery
Abstract: Kale (Brassica oleracea var. acephala) has great importance due to its easy propagation, acceptability and nutraceutical properties. The aim of the present work was to make methodological adjustments to conduct the tetrazolium test in kale seeds. Pre-tests were initially carried out to assess the priming time at 20 °C for 10 and 14 hours (times defined by the imbibition curve) and methods of removing the coat of kale seeds (total removal of the seed coat; cut in the distal region to the embryonic axis; longitudinal cut along the longest axis and whole seeds). Subsequently, the most efficient methodologies were evaluated using different concentrations of the tetrazolium salt solution (0.075%; 0.2%; 0.5% and 1.0%) and times (2, 4 and 6 h) of seed immersion in the solution, using four lots. The seeds were analyzed individually and classified as viable or non-viable. The tetrazolium test is efficient for evaluating the viability of kale seeds, providing results correlated with germination. Kale seeds should be primed between paper for 10 hours at 20 °C, and the seed coat should be removed for immersion in a 0.5% tetrazolium salt solution for 4 hours at 30 °C.
摘要/ Abstract摘要:甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var. acephala)因其易于繁殖、可接受性和营养保健特性而具有重要的应用价值。本工作的目的是对甘蓝种子进行四氮唑试验的方法进行调整。初步进行了预试验，以评估在20°C下浸泡10和14小时的时间(由吸吸曲线确定的时间)和去除羽衣甘蓝种子外膜的方法(完全去除种皮;在胚胎轴的远端切割;纵切沿最长的轴和整个种子)。随后，使用不同浓度的四氮唑盐溶液(0.075%;0.2%;分别为0.5%和1.0%)和浸种次数(2、4和6 h)，共4批。分别对种子进行分析，并将其分为有活力和无活力两类。四氮唑试验是有效的评估羽衣甘蓝种子的活力，提供与发芽相关的结果。羽衣甘蓝种子应在20°C条件下浸纸10小时，去除种皮，在30°C条件下浸0.5%四氮唑盐溶液4小时。
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Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v44260716
Tiago Darlan Grahl, A. P. Rockenbach, A. Casassola
Abstract: This study aimed to compare the physiological seed quality of soybean cultivars produced under or without water deficit stress. Seed samples of three soybean cultivars produced in the 2019/2020 crop season were collected in a rural property and in a company that obtains the cultivars. In the rural property, the seeds were produced under water deficit stress and high temperatures during the crop’s and were characterized by the presence of greenish seeds. In the company that obtains the cultivars, the sample consisted of a certified seed lot produced under normal rainfall and temperature conditions, without greenish seeds. Germination, average germination time, germination speed index, average germination speed, the number of normal and abnormal seedlings, the seedling height and dry weight, the root evaluations (length, surface area, volume, average diameter and dry mass) and the total seedling dry mass were also evaluated. Soybean seeds produced under water deficit stress showed a reduction in physiological quality directly proportional to the percentage of greenish seeds present in each seed lot. The occurrence of water deficit stress on the soybean in the reproductive and maturation stages negatively impacts the soybean crop installation in the subsequent season due to the low physiological seed quality.
{"title":"Outcomes of water deficit stress on the physiological quality of soybean seeds","authors":"Tiago Darlan Grahl, A. P. Rockenbach, A. Casassola","doi":"10.1590/2317-1545v44260716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44260716","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: This study aimed to compare the physiological seed quality of soybean cultivars produced under or without water deficit stress. Seed samples of three soybean cultivars produced in the 2019/2020 crop season were collected in a rural property and in a company that obtains the cultivars. In the rural property, the seeds were produced under water deficit stress and high temperatures during the crop’s and were characterized by the presence of greenish seeds. In the company that obtains the cultivars, the sample consisted of a certified seed lot produced under normal rainfall and temperature conditions, without greenish seeds. Germination, average germination time, germination speed index, average germination speed, the number of normal and abnormal seedlings, the seedling height and dry weight, the root evaluations (length, surface area, volume, average diameter and dry mass) and the total seedling dry mass were also evaluated. Soybean seeds produced under water deficit stress showed a reduction in physiological quality directly proportional to the percentage of greenish seeds present in each seed lot. The occurrence of water deficit stress on the soybean in the reproductive and maturation stages negatively impacts the soybean crop installation in the subsequent season due to the low physiological seed quality.","PeriodicalId":17113,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Seed Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67324552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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