Pub Date : 2024-06-01DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03828-4
Petra Heckova, John Koestel, Ales Klement, Radka Kodesova, Michal Snehota
Purpose
Constructed Technosols are frequently used to create the biofilter layer of blue-green infrastructure elements when the local soil does not possess the necessary properties. However, the long-term functioning of the biofilter is not entirely understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate changes in the structure of a constructed Technosol based biofilter of a bioretention cell (BC) by means of x-ray tomography and additional physical characterization during the first years after installation under two different water regimes.
Methods and materials
Two identical experimental BCs were studied to investigate structural changes in biofilter. The BCs exhibited different water regimes. BC1 collected naturally occurring rain concentrated from the nearby roof, while BC2 lacked a regular inflow of water except for several irrigation events and exhibited drier conditions overall. Biofilter was constructed using a mixture of 50% sand, 30% compost, and 20% topsoil. Undistributed soil samples were collected from the biofilter at 7, 12, 18, 23, and 31 months after BC installation. The changes in the soil pore system geometry were assessed by analyzing morphological parameters derived from X-ray computed microtomography images (μCT) and additional physical parameters. The μCT images were analyzed using the SoilJ software package.
Results
In both BCs, soil consolidation accompanied by a significant reduction in macroporosity and pore connectivity, occurred between months 7 and 18 in BC1 and between months 7 and 12 in BC2. Macroporosity then gradually increased in BC1 between months 18 and 31. During the same period, in the drier soil of BC2, macroporosity and pore connectivity decreased. In BC1, the water field capacity increased between months 7 and 18, but then returned to its initial values by month 31.
Conclusion
The μCT proved to be suitable for assessing the structural changes of constructed Technosol. Significant differences in soil structure development were observed in BC, depending on the water regime. These differences were particularly evident in the development of field capacity, total porosity, and macroporosity.
{"title":"Soil structure dynamics in constructed Technosols for bioretention cells: X-ray microtomography study","authors":"Petra Heckova, John Koestel, Ales Klement, Radka Kodesova, Michal Snehota","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03828-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03828-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Constructed Technosols are frequently used to create the biofilter layer of blue-green infrastructure elements when the local soil does not possess the necessary properties. However, the long-term functioning of the biofilter is not entirely understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate changes in the structure of a constructed Technosol based biofilter of a bioretention cell (BC) by means of x-ray tomography and additional physical characterization during the first years after installation under two different water regimes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods and materials</h3><p>Two identical experimental BCs were studied to investigate structural changes in biofilter. The BCs exhibited different water regimes. BC1 collected naturally occurring rain concentrated from the nearby roof, while BC2 lacked a regular inflow of water except for several irrigation events and exhibited drier conditions overall. Biofilter was constructed using a mixture of 50% sand, 30% compost, and 20% topsoil. Undistributed soil samples were collected from the biofilter at 7, 12, 18, 23, and 31 months after BC installation. The changes in the soil pore system geometry were assessed by analyzing morphological parameters derived from X-ray computed microtomography images (μCT) and additional physical parameters. The μCT images were analyzed using the SoilJ software package.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In both BCs, soil consolidation accompanied by a significant reduction in macroporosity and pore connectivity, occurred between months 7 and 18 in BC1 and between months 7 and 12 in BC2. Macroporosity then gradually increased in BC1 between months 18 and 31. During the same period, in the drier soil of BC2, macroporosity and pore connectivity decreased. In BC1, the water field capacity increased between months 7 and 18, but then returned to its initial values by month 31.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The μCT proved to be suitable for assessing the structural changes of constructed Technosol. Significant differences in soil structure development were observed in BC, depending on the water regime. These differences were particularly evident in the development of field capacity, total porosity, and macroporosity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03824-8
Zhiwei Pan, Genmei Wang, Jiaqi Liang, Long Cang
Purpose
This study aims to assess the feasibility and efficiency of electrokinetic (EK) remediation of soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, and Pb using the biodegradable chelator N, N-bis(carboxymethyl)-tetrasodium salt (GLDA) at the pilot scale.
Materials and methods
The experiments were performed under a constant voltage (40 V) in an EK reactor (100 cm (length) × 50 cm (width) × 25 cm (height)) for over 100 days using various enhancement strategies. The current, electroosmotic flow (EOF), microstructure, mineral composition of the soil samples (before and after EK remediation), removal efficiencies, chemical forms, and ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were determined.
Results and discussion
The results showed gradual decreases in the electrical current and EOF over time. The spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb in the soil solution and electrolyte revealed that the removed metals primarily accumulated in anolytes. The soil As, Cd, and Cu contents, especially near the anode, showed gradual reductions. The total removal efficiencies of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were 49.4%, 44.0%, 53.6%, and 36.6%, respectively. Overall, the ecotoxicity risks of the remaining As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were below the initial values. A soil microstructure and mineral composition analysis indicated that the GLDA-enhanced EK technology effectively removed As, Cd, Cu, and Pb by dissolving soil minerals and breaking chemical bonds. The unit energy consumption ranged from 1.25 to 1.83 kW·h/t/%, indicating lower or comparable values to the data in the literature.
Conclusions
The biodegradable chelator, GLDA, has been shown to remove different types of potentially toxic elements using enhancement strategies on a pilot scale with low unit energy consumption. Arsenic migrated to the anode in the anionic form, and the complexes formed by Cd, Cu, and Pb with GLDA were negatively charged and moved toward the cathode. After the EK treatment, the ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb decreased with a reduction in the contents and the chemical form changes of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb.
{"title":"Enhancing electrokinetic remediation of soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, and Pb using the biodegradable chelator GLDA: A pilot study","authors":"Zhiwei Pan, Genmei Wang, Jiaqi Liang, Long Cang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03824-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03824-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aims to assess the feasibility and efficiency of electrokinetic (EK) remediation of soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, and Pb using the biodegradable chelator N, N-bis(carboxymethyl)-tetrasodium salt (GLDA) at the pilot scale.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The experiments were performed under a constant voltage (40 V) in an EK reactor (100 cm (length) × 50 cm (width) × 25 cm (height)) for over 100 days using various enhancement strategies. The current, electroosmotic flow (EOF), microstructure, mineral composition of the soil samples (before and after EK remediation), removal efficiencies, chemical forms, and ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were determined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The results showed gradual decreases in the electrical current and EOF over time. The spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb in the soil solution and electrolyte revealed that the removed metals primarily accumulated in anolytes. The soil As, Cd, and Cu contents, especially near the anode, showed gradual reductions. The total removal efficiencies of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were 49.4%, 44.0%, 53.6%, and 36.6%, respectively. Overall, the ecotoxicity risks of the remaining As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were below the initial values. A soil microstructure and mineral composition analysis indicated that the GLDA-enhanced EK technology effectively removed As, Cd, Cu, and Pb by dissolving soil minerals and breaking chemical bonds. The unit energy consumption ranged from 1.25 to 1.83 kW·h/t/%, indicating lower or comparable values to the data in the literature.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The biodegradable chelator, GLDA, has been shown to remove different types of potentially toxic elements using enhancement strategies on a pilot scale with low unit energy consumption. Arsenic migrated to the anode in the anionic form, and the complexes formed by Cd, Cu, and Pb with GLDA were negatively charged and moved toward the cathode. After the EK treatment, the ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb decreased with a reduction in the contents and the chemical form changes of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-30DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03833-7
R. Paradelo, C. Herbón, M. T. Barral
Purpose
Poor physical conditions are a typical feature of urban soils that reduce their functionality regarding plant production or the water cycle. However, the increasing importance of urbanization makes it necessary to carry out additional research on physical properties of urban soils.
Methods
In this work, we have studied 64 urban soils in Santiago de Compostela (Spain), over different parent materials and under several land uses. We assessed their physical properties in the field and laboratory, with measures of bulk density and porosity, water holding capacity, aggregate stability and water-dispersible clay, permeability and resistance to penetration. The erosion risk was assessed by estimation of the k factor in the RUSLE.
Results
The results show that the soils present heterogeneous physical properties, as common in urban soils. As a result of high organic matter and Fe contents, the soils present low bulk densities and high aggregate stability. Compaction issues are widespread but dependent on land use: in general soils under urban agriculture use present higher permeability and lower compaction levels than urban grasslands and forests. High infiltration values observed despite compaction are likely due to the abundance of coarse fragments and preferential flow.
Conclusion
Overall, urban soils have potentially low erosion risk as shown by the K factor values, but sound management is essential to keep actual erosion rates down, because relief, climatic factors as well as human behavior are susceptible of increasing erosion risk at some points.
目的恶劣的物理条件是城市土壤的一个典型特征，它降低了土壤在植物生产或水循环方面的功能。在这项工作中，我们研究了圣地亚哥-德孔波斯特拉（西班牙）的 64 种城市土壤，这些土壤的母质不同，土地用途也各异。我们在实地和实验室评估了这些土壤的物理特性，测量了体积密度和孔隙度、持水能力、骨料稳定性和水分散粘土、渗透性和抗渗透性。结果表明，这些土壤具有城市土壤常见的异质性物理性质。由于有机质和铁的含量较高，土壤的体积密度较低，集聚稳定性较高。压实问题普遍存在，但取决于土地用途：一般来说，与城市草地和森林相比，城市农业用地土壤的渗透性更高，压实程度更低。尽管存在压实问题，但观察到的高渗透值可能是由于大量的粗碎屑和优先流造成的。结论总体而言，从 K 因子值来看，城市土壤潜在的侵蚀风险较低，但要降低实际侵蚀率，合理的管理是必不可少的，因为地形、气候因素以及人类行为在某些地方很容易增加侵蚀风险。
{"title":"Physical properties of the urban soils of Santiago de Compostela (Spain)","authors":"R. Paradelo, C. Herbón, M. T. Barral","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03833-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03833-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Poor physical conditions are a typical feature of urban soils that reduce their functionality regarding plant production or the water cycle. However, the increasing importance of urbanization makes it necessary to carry out additional research on physical properties of urban soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this work, we have studied 64 urban soils in Santiago de Compostela (Spain), over different parent materials and under several land uses. We assessed their physical properties in the field and laboratory, with measures of bulk density and porosity, water holding capacity, aggregate stability and water-dispersible clay, permeability and resistance to penetration. The erosion risk was assessed by estimation of the k factor in the RUSLE.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results show that the soils present heterogeneous physical properties, as common in urban soils. As a result of high organic matter and Fe contents, the soils present low bulk densities and high aggregate stability. Compaction issues are widespread but dependent on land use: in general soils under urban agriculture use present higher permeability and lower compaction levels than urban grasslands and forests. High infiltration values observed despite compaction are likely due to the abundance of coarse fragments and preferential flow.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, urban soils have potentially low erosion risk as shown by the K factor values, but sound management is essential to keep actual erosion rates down, because relief, climatic factors as well as human behavior are susceptible of increasing erosion risk at some points.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the sediments of the water-level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) in large reservoirs play critical roles in the burial and release of organic carbon and pollutants. This study aims to reveal the spatial distribution of magnetic minerals across different elevations and reaches within the WLFZ of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the largest reservoir in the world, and their links to sediment provenance and hydrodynamic conditions. This study will provide a fundamental basis for future investigations in the roles of magnetic minerals in the circulation processes of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of fluvial-reservoir systems.
Materials and methods
~ 300 sediment samples and nearby side-slope soils were collected from various altitudes within the WLFZ at ten different sites of the TGR. The magnetic properties of these sediments and soils were examined using environmental magnetism. Additionally, previously reported data on magnetic properties of suspended sediments from upstream rivers flowing into the TGR were assembled. Nearby side-slope soils and suspended samples were used to represent magnetic properties of potential sources for the sediments within the WLFZ.
Results and discussion
Our findings reveal that magnetite/maghemite and hematite particles dominate the sediments within the WLFZ of the TGR. Relatively higher concentration of hematite particles in the upper part (> 165 m) of WLFZ mainly originates from or are nearby side-slope soils, whereas higher concentration of magnetite/maghemite particles in the lower part of WLFZ is primarily due to sediment supply from upstream of the Yangtze River. The dominance of coarser magnetite/maghemite within the WLFZ of the upper reach of the TGR, from Jiangjin district to Fuling district, is due to strong water flow velocity. An increase in the concentration of nanosized fine-grained magnetic particles within the WLFZ of the middle and lower reaches of the TGR can be attributed to a combination of reduced water dynamics and intense regional soil erosion of nearby side slopes.
Conclusions
Our findings indicate that the concentration and grain size of magnetic minerals exhibit spatial variations within the WLFZ of reservoirs under the influences of sediment provenance and hydrodynamics. These findings provide fundamental insights on future exploration into the crucial roles of iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the accumulation, migration, and transformation of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of reservoirs and their response to changes in sediment sources and water dynamics.
{"title":"Magnetic properties of sediments within the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir and their response to provenance and hydrodynamic conditions","authors":"Ting Chen, Yujie Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Xingping Wei, Liuliu Feng, Yixuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03808-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03808-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the sediments of the water-level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) in large reservoirs play critical roles in the burial and release of organic carbon and pollutants. This study aims to reveal the spatial distribution of magnetic minerals across different elevations and reaches within the WLFZ of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the largest reservoir in the world, and their links to sediment provenance and hydrodynamic conditions. This study will provide a fundamental basis for future investigations in the roles of magnetic minerals in the circulation processes of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of fluvial-reservoir systems. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>~ 300 sediment samples and nearby side-slope soils were collected from various altitudes within the WLFZ at ten different sites of the TGR. The magnetic properties of these sediments and soils were examined using environmental magnetism. Additionally, previously reported data on magnetic properties of suspended sediments from upstream rivers flowing into the TGR were assembled. Nearby side-slope soils and suspended samples were used to represent magnetic properties of potential sources for the sediments within the WLFZ. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>Our findings reveal that magnetite/maghemite and hematite particles dominate the sediments within the WLFZ of the TGR. Relatively higher concentration of hematite particles in the upper part (> 165 m) of WLFZ mainly originates from or are nearby side-slope soils, whereas higher concentration of magnetite/maghemite particles in the lower part of WLFZ is primarily due to sediment supply from upstream of the Yangtze River. The dominance of coarser magnetite/maghemite within the WLFZ of the upper reach of the TGR, from Jiangjin district to Fuling district, is due to strong water flow velocity. An increase in the concentration of nanosized fine-grained magnetic particles within the WLFZ of the middle and lower reaches of the TGR can be attributed to a combination of reduced water dynamics and intense regional soil erosion of nearby side slopes<b>.</b> </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings indicate that the concentration and grain size of magnetic minerals exhibit spatial variations within the WLFZ of reservoirs under the influences of sediment provenance and hydrodynamics. These findings provide fundamental insights on future exploration into the crucial roles of iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the accumulation, migration, and transformation of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of reservoirs and their response to changes in sediment sources and water dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141168067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The decomposition and transformation of woody debris (WD) generated during forest growth and management have a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and carbon balance. However, our understanding of the impact of WD on SOC in urban plantations remains limited. To fill this gap, we conducted this study.
Materials and methods
In this study, we established four treatments involving the addition of fine woody debris (FWD) on the soil of six urban plantations in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate changes in SOC. The four treatments for adding FWD were as follows: Control, low-dose carbon addition (LC), medium-dose carbon addition (MC), and high-dose carbon addition (HC). The added carbon content in the four treatments was 0 g m−2, 250 g m−2, 500 g m−2,1000 g m−2. After 13 months, we measured the dynamic changes of SOC and nitrogen fractions as well as the characteristics of the carbon pool in the 0–10 cm thick soil layer.
Results
The study results indicate that, when compared with the control group, the addition of FWD had a noteworthy impact on basic soil parameters such as soil water content, pH, and total nitrogen. This addition resulted in an augmentation of labile organic carbon fractions, including microbial biomass carbon and easily oxidizable organic carbon. However, no significant effect was observed on the content and storage of SOC. In addition, it is found that adding FWD has a significant positive effect on carbon pool management index (CPMI), while CPMI has a significant negative effect on SOC.
Conclusions
The addition of FWD to urban plantations in Heilongjiang Province, China, for 13 months can increase the turnover of SOC and improve soil quality. However, the increase in SOC storage is limited and a longer decomposition time might be necessary to see a significant SOC sequestration effect.
目的 森林生长和管理过程中产生的木质碎屑（WD）的分解和转化对土壤有机碳（SOC）动态和碳平衡有重大影响。然而，我们对城市人工林中 WD 对 SOC 影响的了解仍然有限。为了填补这一空白，我们开展了这项研究。材料与方法在这项研究中，我们在中国黑龙江省哈尔滨市的六个城市人工林的土壤中设置了四种添加细木屑（FWD）的处理，以研究 SOC 的变化。添加细木屑的四个处理如下对照组、低剂量碳添加组（LC）、中剂量碳添加组（MC）和高剂量碳添加组（HC）。四个处理的碳添加量分别为 0 g m-2、250 g m-2、500 g m-2 和 1000 g m-2。13 个月后，我们测量了 0-10 厘米厚土壤层中 SOC 和氮组分的动态变化以及碳库的特征。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，添加 FWD 对土壤水分含量、pH 值和总氮等基本土壤参数有显著影响。添加后，包括微生物生物量碳和易氧化有机碳在内的易变有机碳组分有所增加。不过，对 SOC 的含量和储存量没有观察到明显的影响。此外，研究还发现，添加 FWD 对碳库管理指数（CPMI）有显著的正向影响，而 CPMI 对 SOC 有显著的负向影响。然而，SOC 储量的增加是有限的，可能需要更长的分解时间才能看到明显的 SOC 固碳效果。
{"title":"Adding fine woody debris accelerates the turnover of soil carbon pool in high-latitude urban plantations in China","authors":"Honglin Xing, Hao Zhang, Guoru Tang, Tianhe Yuan, Hailong Shen, Ling Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03823-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03823-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The decomposition and transformation of woody debris (WD) generated during forest growth and management have a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and carbon balance. However, our understanding of the impact of WD on SOC in urban plantations remains limited. To fill this gap, we conducted this study.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>In this study, we established four treatments involving the addition of fine woody debris (FWD) on the soil of six urban plantations in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate changes in SOC. The four treatments for adding FWD were as follows: Control, low-dose carbon addition (LC), medium-dose carbon addition (MC), and high-dose carbon addition (HC). The added carbon content in the four treatments was 0 g m<sup>−2</sup>, 250 g m<sup>−2</sup>, 500 g m<sup>−2</sup>,1000 g m<sup>−2</sup>. After 13 months, we measured the dynamic changes of SOC and nitrogen fractions as well as the characteristics of the carbon pool in the 0–10 cm thick soil layer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The study results indicate that, when compared with the control group, the addition of FWD had a noteworthy impact on basic soil parameters such as soil water content, pH, and total nitrogen. This addition resulted in an augmentation of labile organic carbon fractions, including microbial biomass carbon and easily oxidizable organic carbon. However, no significant effect was observed on the content and storage of SOC. In addition, it is found that adding FWD has a significant positive effect on carbon pool management index (CPMI), while CPMI has a significant negative effect on SOC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The addition of FWD to urban plantations in Heilongjiang Province, China, for 13 months can increase the turnover of SOC and improve soil quality. However, the increase in SOC storage is limited and a longer decomposition time might be necessary to see a significant SOC sequestration effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141168230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03811-z
Arjan Wijdeveld, Bruno Lemière, Aline Coftier, Valerie Laperche, Philippe Bataillard, Eric Masson, Richard Lord, Keith Torrance, Joe Harrington, Brano Batel, Marco Wensveen, Alasdair Hamilton, Tristan Debuigne
Purpose
The EU Water Framework Directive (European Union Off J Eur Comm 2000) and EU Waste Framework Directive (European Union Off J Euro Union 2008) impacted the Beneficial Use (BU) of sediments in Europe. INTERREG has supported initiatives to change the perception that sediments are a waste. In this paper we provide an overview of tools, pilot sites and measuring techniques developed and used for the BU of sediments within seven European Union INTERREG projects. We illustrate the lessons learned regarding barriers and enablers for BU of sediments.
Materials and methods
BU of sediments is a combination of factors. The following aspects are considered. The sediment must be suitable for use and be in engineering compliance. The sediment must also need to meet the end of waste criteria, as well as to be in environmental compliance. To check in the field if engineering and environmental compliance is feasible, on-site analyses and decision support tools are needed. When BU use is possible, there must be a benefit, either in an added socio-economic value or in ecosystem services. To define benefits the impact of Business as Usual (BAU) should also be expressed. Stakeholder perception and spatial restraints determine areas for BU of sediments with spatial consensus.
Results and discussion
The pilots and case studies described in this paper are examples of different applications of BU of sediments in northwest Europe. The tools, equipment, pilot tests and on-site monitoring techniques developed by the identified INTERREG projects are useful as BU enablers, for both citizens (an enabler is what is in it for me versus a barrier like residents opposing to proposed developments in their local area or the Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY) principle), and for regulators (what are the risks versus benefits as compared to BAU).
Conclusions
The main barriers for beneficial use of sediments are the social acceptance when sediments are used on land (often seen as waste disposal) and the extra direct cost versus the cost for disposal, while indirect benefits such as the potential for nature development, the impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or more locally on the extra jobs created, are generally not considered. Also, the impact of BAU is often not explicitly considered.
欧盟水框架指令》（European Union Off J Eur Comm 2000）和《欧盟废物框架指令》（European Union Off J Euro Union 2008）对欧洲沉积物的有益利用（BU）产生了影响。INTERREG 为改变沉积物是废物的观念提供了支持。在本文中，我们概述了在七个欧盟 INTERREG 项目中为沉积物有益利用开发和使用的工具、试验场地和测量技术。我们阐述了有关沉积物生物多样性的障碍和促进因素的经验教训。我们考虑了以下几个方面。沉积物必须适合使用并符合工程要求。沉积物还必须符合废物终结标准以及环境标准。为了实地检查工程和环境合规性是否可行，需要进行现场分析并使用决策支持工具。当生物多样性利用成为可能时，必须产生社会经济附加值或生态系统服务方面的效益。要确定效益，还应说明 "一切照旧"（BAU）的影响。利益相关者的看法和空间限制决定了沉积物 BU 的区域，并在空间上达成共识。结果与讨论本文所述的试点和案例研究是欧洲西北部沉积物 BU 不同应用的实例。所确定的 INTERREG 项目开发的工具、设备、试点测试和现场监测技术可作为生物多样性利用的推动因素，对公民（推动因素是对我有什么好处，而不是障碍，如居民反对在其所在地区进行拟议的开发或 "不在我家后院"（NIMBY）原则）和监管机构（与 BAU 相比，风险与效益如何）都很有用。结论有益利用沉积物的主要障碍是社会对在陆地上使用沉积物的接受程度（通常被视为废物处理），以及相对于处理成本的额外直接成本，而间接效益，如自然发展潜力、对国内生产总值（GDP）的影响或更多当地创造的额外就业机会，通常不在考虑之列。此外，"一切照旧 "的影响也往往没有得到明确考虑。
{"title":"Beneficial use of sediments, tools, pilot sites and measuring techniques developed and used within seven European Union INTERREG projects","authors":"Arjan Wijdeveld, Bruno Lemière, Aline Coftier, Valerie Laperche, Philippe Bataillard, Eric Masson, Richard Lord, Keith Torrance, Joe Harrington, Brano Batel, Marco Wensveen, Alasdair Hamilton, Tristan Debuigne","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03811-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03811-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The EU Water Framework Directive (European Union Off J Eur Comm 2000) and EU Waste Framework Directive (European Union Off J Euro Union 2008) impacted the Beneficial Use (BU) of sediments in Europe. INTERREG has supported initiatives to change the perception that sediments are a waste. In this paper we provide an overview of tools, pilot sites and measuring techniques developed and used for the BU of sediments within seven European Union INTERREG projects. We illustrate the lessons learned regarding barriers and enablers for BU of sediments.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>BU of sediments is a combination of factors. The following aspects are considered. The sediment must be suitable for use and be in engineering compliance. The sediment must also need to meet the end of waste criteria, as well as to be in environmental compliance. To check in the field if engineering and environmental compliance is feasible, on-site analyses and decision support tools are needed. When BU use is possible, there must be a benefit, either in an added socio-economic value or in ecosystem services. To define benefits the impact of Business as Usual (BAU) should also be expressed. Stakeholder perception and spatial restraints determine areas for BU of sediments with spatial consensus.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The pilots and case studies described in this paper are examples of different applications of BU of sediments in northwest Europe. The tools, equipment, pilot tests and on-site monitoring techniques developed by the identified INTERREG projects are useful as BU enablers, for both citizens (an enabler is what is in it for me versus a barrier like residents opposing to proposed developments in their local area or the Not In My Back Yard (NIMBY) principle), and for regulators (what are the risks versus benefits as compared to BAU).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The main barriers for beneficial use of sediments are the social acceptance when sediments are used on land (often seen as waste disposal) and the extra direct cost versus the cost for disposal, while indirect benefits such as the potential for nature development, the impact on Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or more locally on the extra jobs created, are generally not considered. Also, the impact of BAU is often not explicitly considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141167972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-27DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03818-6
U. J Orozco Cuervo, N. V Gallardo Rivas, U Páramo García, R. D Martínez Orozco, O Delgado Rodríguez
Purpose
In this study, a methodology is developed that involves geochemical and geophysical prospecting methods to identify the type and concentration of hydrocarbons, soil and water resistivity-salinity, and the delineation of hydrocarbon migration in the subsurface within an agricultural region in the northern part of the state of Veracruz, Mexico, where a landfill resulting from hydrocarbon exploitation is the contamination source.
Materials and methods
The methodology involves hydrocarbon fractionation by packed open column liquid chromatography (SARA: Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, and Asphaltenes), textural analysis by sieving, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), salinity concentration, total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in water (TPH), water resistivity, and salinity determination using a laboratory geo-electrical method and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT).
Results and discussions
The hydrocarbon exhibited a stable colloidal stability, and the soil composition is of the general type, classified as clay-sandy with high concentrations of iron and strong salinity. The water showed TPH concentrations, and the resistivity and salinity exceeded the permissible limits set by Mexican standards. Electrical Resistivity Tomography delineated both recent and mature contamination.
Conclusions
With this methodology, it was determined that the region exhibits active contamination directly related to the exploration, exploitation, and pipeline leakage of hydrocarbons. The most affected area was the agricultural zone (low-lying area) due to the overflow of contaminated water from the landfill.
目的 在本研究中，开发了一种涉及地球化学和地球物理勘探方法的方法，以确定碳氢化合物的类型和浓度、土壤和水的电阻率-盐度，以及墨西哥韦拉克鲁斯州北部农业区地下碳氢化合物迁移的范围，该农业区的污染源是碳氢化合物开采产生的垃圾填埋场。材料和方法该方法采用填料开柱液相色谱法（SARA：饱和物、芳烃、树脂和沥青质）、筛分质地分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）、扫描电子显微镜与能量色散 X 射线光谱法（SEM-EDX）、盐度浓度、水中总石油烃浓度（TPH）、水电阻率以及使用实验室地质电学方法和电阻率断层扫描法（ERT）测定盐度。结果与讨论碳氢化合物具有稳定的胶体稳定性，土壤成分属于一般类型，属于含铁量高和盐度高的粘土-砂土。水体中的 TPH 浓度、电阻率和盐度都超过了墨西哥标准规定的允许范围。通过这种方法，可以确定该地区的污染与碳氢化合物的勘探、开采和管道泄漏直接相关。受影响最严重的地区是农业区（低洼地区），原因是垃圾填埋场的污染水溢出。
{"title":"Geophysicochemical characterization of soil contaminated with hydrocarbons in the northern of Veracruz","authors":"U. J Orozco Cuervo, N. V Gallardo Rivas, U Páramo García, R. D Martínez Orozco, O Delgado Rodríguez","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03818-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03818-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>In this study, a methodology is developed that involves geochemical and geophysical prospecting methods to identify the type and concentration of hydrocarbons, soil and water resistivity-salinity, and the delineation of hydrocarbon migration in the subsurface within an agricultural region in the northern part of the state of Veracruz, Mexico, where a landfill resulting from hydrocarbon exploitation is the contamination source.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The methodology involves hydrocarbon fractionation by packed open column liquid chromatography (SARA: Saturates, Aromatics, Resins, and Asphaltenes), textural analysis by sieving, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM–EDX), salinity concentration, total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration in water (TPH), water resistivity, and salinity determination using a laboratory geo-electrical method and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussions</h3><p>The hydrocarbon exhibited a stable colloidal stability, and the soil composition is of the general type, classified as clay-sandy with high concentrations of iron and strong salinity. The water showed TPH concentrations, and the resistivity and salinity exceeded the permissible limits set by Mexican standards. Electrical Resistivity Tomography delineated both recent and mature contamination.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>With this methodology, it was determined that the region exhibits active contamination directly related to the exploration, exploitation, and pipeline leakage of hydrocarbons. The most affected area was the agricultural zone (low-lying area) due to the overflow of contaminated water from the landfill.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"232 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141167977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03779-w
Yifu Xu, Yuanchuan Li, Ping Wang, Jiangshan Li
Purpose
Carbonate components in soils and sediments play a crucial role in the study of surface processes and the reconstruction of paleoclimates. The extraction of carbonate components from soils and sediments is often carried out using different types of acids. However, which reagents can effectively extract the carbonate components while minimizing the destruction of non-carbonate minerals in soils and sediments has not been fully explored yet.
Methods
The present study conducted a series of conditional leaching experiments on six standard soil and sediment samples with diverse geological backgrounds and varying carbonate contents.
Results
The results revealed that dilute acetic acid (HOAc, 0.5 mol/L) performed better than acid solution (HCl) and acetic acid buffer solution (NaOAc-HOAc) in promoting the complete dissolution of carbonate minerals and avoiding the dissolution of clay minerals. It was also observed that pre-treating the samples with neutral ammonium acetate buffer solution (NH4OAc) or potassium chloride buffer solution (KCl) was necessary to remove exchangeable components. The Mg/Ca ratios of the silicate components after leaching carbonate in the standard soil and sediment samples we used exhibited significant differences (ranging from 0.41 to 1.60).
Conclusion
The dilute acetic acid (HOAc, 0.5 mol/L) is advisable for the extraction of carbonate components from soils and sediments, and the pre-treatment of removing exchangeable components is essential for samples with low carbonate content. It is more reasonable to use the element ratios of the dilute acid insoluble fraction or the average compositions of minerals in soils and sediments for individual correction for the contribution of the silicate components.
{"title":"The extraction of carbonate components from soils and sediments: an experimental investigation by using different leaching acids","authors":"Yifu Xu, Yuanchuan Li, Ping Wang, Jiangshan Li","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03779-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03779-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Carbonate components in soils and sediments play a crucial role in the study of surface processes and the reconstruction of paleoclimates. The extraction of carbonate components from soils and sediments is often carried out using different types of acids. However, which reagents can effectively extract the carbonate components while minimizing the destruction of non-carbonate minerals in soils and sediments has not been fully explored yet.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The present study conducted a series of conditional leaching experiments on six standard soil and sediment samples with diverse geological backgrounds and varying carbonate contents.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results revealed that dilute acetic acid (HOAc, 0.5 mol/L) performed better than acid solution (HCl) and acetic acid buffer solution (NaOAc-HOAc) in promoting the complete dissolution of carbonate minerals and avoiding the dissolution of clay minerals. It was also observed that pre-treating the samples with neutral ammonium acetate buffer solution (NH<sub>4</sub>OAc) or potassium chloride buffer solution (KCl) was necessary to remove exchangeable components. The Mg/Ca ratios of the silicate components after leaching carbonate in the standard soil and sediment samples we used exhibited significant differences (ranging from 0.41 to 1.60).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The dilute acetic acid (HOAc, 0.5 mol/L) is advisable for the extraction of carbonate components from soils and sediments, and the pre-treatment of removing exchangeable components is essential for samples with low carbonate content. It is more reasonable to use the element ratios of the dilute acid insoluble fraction or the average compositions of minerals in soils and sediments for individual correction for the contribution of the silicate components.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140930270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-11DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03804-y
Karen Carrasco-Espinosa, Morena Avitia, Nadia S. Santini, Ana E. Escalante
Purpose
The interplay between microbial taxonomy, functional diversity, and land-use changes across diverse ecosystems must be better understood. This study explores, through a statistical modeling approach, the intricate relationships between microbial communities, soil properties (nutrient contents and physicochemical parameters), and land-use changes, using stable isotopes ratio (δ13C/δ15N) as ecosystem function indicator.
Methods
Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) this study aims to investigate how soil microbial communities, soil properties and ecosystem function are interconnected in three ecosystems undergoing land-use change in Nevado de Toluca, Mexico.
Results
Multivariate analyses of microbial communities and soil parameters for the different land-uses reveal significant variation in both microbial composition and soil properties (i.e. nutrient contents) mainly explained by the land-use history of the studied ecosystems. Through the SEM approach, it was possible to disentangle the relative contribution of land-use change, microbial community composition and nutrient contents to the ecosystem function defined as the δ13C/δ15N ratio.
Conclusions
Microbial communities are the main drivers of soil ecosystem functioning. However, through SEM approach it is possible to formally test direct and indirect relationships impacting microbial communities and the resulting functional consequences, contributing to a mechanistic understanding of the ecological implications of land-use change, aiding in sustainable land-use decision-making.
目的 必须更好地了解不同生态系统中微生物分类、功能多样性和土地利用变化之间的相互作用。本研究以稳定同位素比值（δ13C/δ15N）作为生态系统功能指标，通过统计建模方法探讨微生物群落、土壤特性（养分含量和理化参数）以及土地利用变化之间的复杂关系。方法本研究采用结构方程建模（SEM）方法，旨在研究墨西哥内瓦多-德-托卢卡（Nevado de Toluca）三个正在经历土地利用变化的生态系统中，土壤微生物群落、土壤特性和生态系统功能是如何相互关联的。结果对不同土地利用下的微生物群落和土壤参数进行多元分析后发现，微生物组成和土壤特性（即养分含量）都存在显著差异，这主要是由所研究生态系统的土地利用历史造成的。通过 SEM 方法，有可能将土地利用变化、微生物群落组成和养分含量对生态系统功能（定义为 δ13C/δ15N 比率）的相对贡献区分开来。然而，通过 SEM 方法可以正式检验影响微生物群落的直接和间接关系以及由此产生的功能后果，有助于从机理上理解土地利用变化对生态的影响，有助于可持续的土地利用决策。
{"title":"Nutrient contents and microbial communities as mediators of the effects of land-use in ecosystem functioning in alpine ecosystems from Central Mexico","authors":"Karen Carrasco-Espinosa, Morena Avitia, Nadia S. Santini, Ana E. Escalante","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03804-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03804-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The interplay between microbial taxonomy, functional diversity, and land-use changes across diverse ecosystems must be better understood. This study explores, through a statistical modeling approach, the intricate relationships between microbial communities, soil properties (nutrient contents and physicochemical parameters), and land-use changes, using stable isotopes ratio (δ<sup>13</sup>C/δ<sup>15</sup>N) as ecosystem function indicator.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) this study aims to investigate how soil microbial communities, soil properties and ecosystem function are interconnected in three ecosystems undergoing land-use change in Nevado de Toluca, Mexico.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Multivariate analyses of microbial communities and soil parameters for the different land-uses reveal significant variation in both microbial composition and soil properties (i.e. nutrient contents) mainly explained by the land-use history of the studied ecosystems. Through the SEM approach, it was possible to disentangle the relative contribution of land-use change, microbial community composition and nutrient contents to the ecosystem function defined as the δ<sup>13</sup>C/δ<sup>15</sup>N ratio.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Microbial communities are the main drivers of soil ecosystem functioning. However, through SEM approach it is possible to formally test direct and indirect relationships impacting microbial communities and the resulting functional consequences, contributing to a mechanistic understanding of the ecological implications of land-use change, aiding in sustainable land-use decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-11DOI: 10.1007/s11368-024-03807-9
Yuancheng Wang, Ao Li, Xia Li, Jiahui Yin, Xiaoxia Li, Yufeng Chen, Bokun Zou, Yongqiang Qian, Zhenyuan Sun
Purpose
Although the combined plant-biochar remediation in improving soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is considered efficient (Singha and Pandey in Crit Rev Biotechnol 41:749–766, 2021), the potential for application remains poorly known. This study used clones of Buchloe dactyloides to evaluate the effects of biochar on the capability of phytoremediation and rhizosphere soil contaminated with PAH.
Materials and methods
Pot experiments were conducted to assess the effects of biochar on growth physiological parameters of B. dactyloides growth, accumulation of PAHs in B. dactyloides, and soil environment.
Results and discussion
The results showed that the application of biochar increased the levels of antioxidants (free proline, glutathione, and ascorbic acid), antioxidant enzymes (catalase and laccase), and phytohormones (abscisic acid, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and gibberellin), decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the roots, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense ability and improving PAHs tolerance in roots of B. dactyloides. Moreover, the activities of enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenases, urease and protease) and soil nutrients in the rhizosphere soil were significantly increased, the content of PAHs decreased, and the health of the rhizosphere soil was improved.
Conclusions
Biochar treatment promoted the accumulation of PAHs, improved soil environment and significantly enhanced the effects of phytoremediation. Therefore, the combined application of B. dactyloides and biochar can be considered as a feasible approach for the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soil.
{"title":"Feasibility study of PAHs contaminated soil remediation by Buchloe dactyloides (Nutt.) Engelm combined with biochar","authors":"Yuancheng Wang, Ao Li, Xia Li, Jiahui Yin, Xiaoxia Li, Yufeng Chen, Bokun Zou, Yongqiang Qian, Zhenyuan Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03807-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03807-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Although the combined plant-biochar remediation in improving soil contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is considered efficient (Singha and Pandey in Crit Rev Biotechnol 41:749–766, 2021), the potential for application remains poorly known. This study used clones of <i>Buchloe dactyloides</i> to evaluate the effects of biochar on the capability of phytoremediation and rhizosphere soil contaminated with PAH.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>Pot experiments were conducted to assess the effects of biochar on growth physiological parameters of <i>B. dactyloides</i> growth, accumulation of PAHs in <i>B. dactyloides</i>, and soil environment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The results showed that the application of biochar increased the levels of antioxidants (free proline, glutathione, and ascorbic acid), antioxidant enzymes (catalase and laccase), and phytohormones (abscisic acid, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and gibberellin), decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation in the roots, thereby enhancing the antioxidant defense ability and improving PAHs tolerance in roots of <i>B. dactyloides</i>. Moreover, the activities of enzymes (catalase, dehydrogenases, urease and protease) and soil nutrients in the rhizosphere soil were significantly increased, the content of PAHs decreased, and the health of the rhizosphere soil was improved.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Biochar treatment promoted the accumulation of PAHs, improved soil environment and significantly enhanced the effects of phytoremediation. Therefore, the combined application of <i>B. dactyloides</i> and biochar can be considered as a feasible approach for the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140930384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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