Journal of Soils and Sediments最新文献

{"title":"The occurrence of selected organic pollutants in the soils of the Songnen Plain, China","authors":"Yanan Chen, Yichen Zhang, Jiquan Zhang, Chenyang Wu, Lili, Qiuling Lang, Huanan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03876-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03876-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To protect and improve the soil environment of the Songnen Plain, detailed identification of organic pollutant contamination features in the soil and the degree of contamination is required. The primary goals of this research are to measure the levels of organic pollutants detected in the soil of the Songnen Plain, to correlate the levels of organic pollutants with different land use practices, and to assess the environmental quality of the soil using various pollution indicators.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Material and methods</h3><p>Contaminated soil was collected at three types of areas: residential (n = 26), agricultural (n = 22), and industrial (n = 12) in the Songnen Plain of Jilin Province, at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm depths. The concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, benzene hexachloride, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, benzo (a) pyrene (BaP), trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, hexachlorobenzene, and atrazine in the soil samples were determined using gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-mass spectrometer (GC-MS-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>Soil BaP had the highest concentration with a mean value of 20.59 ng/kg, followed by atrazine, hexachlorobenzene, benzene hexachloride, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), trichloromethane, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and tetrachloromethane with mean concentrations of 0.46, 0.44, 0.34, 0.28, 0.21, 0.14, 0.06, 0.03, and 0.02 ng/kg, respectively. Soil organic pollutants at all sampling sites did not exceed the secondary environmental quality standard values. The most serious soil contamination was found in landfill sites, followed by urban areas, industrial areas and farmland areas.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Soil contamination is more severe in locations where human activity is more prevalent. The subsoil can better reflect the characteristics of soil pollution in the area compared to the upper layer of soil. Although contamination is low in the research region, the presence of these pollutants must be taken seriously in order to maintain the quality and safety of agricultural products and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141866412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of hazardous element accumulation in urban soils of Cracow, Lublin and Torun (Poland): pollution and ecological risk indices","authors":"Andrzej Plak, Małgorzata Telecka, Przemysław Charzyński, Agnieszka Hanaka","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03864-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03864-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study assesses how urban soil transformation affects pollution levels and ecological risks in Cracow, Lublin, and Torun using specific geochemical indices.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The surveyed cities, namely Cracow, Lublin and Torun, are among the oldest in Poland, with origins dating back to the Middle Ages. Moreover, they did not experience significant destruction during World War II. A total of 135 sampling points were selected from three cities, and topsoil samples (0–20 cm) were collected from various areas, including industrial, residential, recreational areas, wastelands, traffic routes, allotments, cultivated fields, forests and cemeteries (45 topsoil samples in each city). The concentration of 8 elements (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb, Zn) was measured to determine pollution and ecological risk indicators, such as geoaccumulation index (<i>I</i>_<i>geo</i>), pollution load index (<i>PLI</i>), cancer risk (<i>CR</i>), and ecological risk assessment (<i>ERi</i>).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Findings reveal significant differences among the cities, with Cracow showing the highest pollution and ecological risk levels, influenced primarily by industrial activities. <i>I</i>_<i>geo</i> above 3 was found for Sb (4% of the sample population), Cr (33%), Ni (31%), Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn (11%). In the other two cities, high <i>I</i>_<i>geo</i> values occurred sporadically with most values ranging from 0 to 2. The concentrations of Cd, Pb, Sb, Cr and Ni were found to be highest in industrial areas, transportation areas and urban wastelands, and the lowest in the study plots located in forests. In Cracow, almost 58% of the surveyed areas are polluted. Almost the entire area of Torun (87%) shows high values of summed ecological risk assessment (<i>PER</i>_<i>k</i>). Lublin is characterized by the lowest ecological risk, almost 32% of the surveyed areas are polluted (<i>PER</i>_<i>k</i>—high and very high).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The application of pollution and ecological risk indicators allowed for the identification of elevated heavy metal and metalloid concentrations in the studied soils and evaluation of disease risk in people. The data were strongly correlated with the level of anthropogenic pressure, which varied depending on the different land use.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil nutrients, phosphatase activities and phosphorus species distribution in soils amended sheep manure biochar","authors":"Seyed Hamid Hosseini, Xinqiang Liang, Christophe Niyungeko, Seyedeh Fatemeh Zakeritabar","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03869-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03869-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Sheep manure-derived biochar (SMB) is applied to enhance soil productivity, but its impacts on soil phosphorus (P) species distribution have not been thoroughly investigated. This research aimed to explore the effects of SMB amended soil on phosphatase activities, nutrients, P species distribution, and the underlying mechanisms in agricultural soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The soils (collected from rice and tea cultivation) were incubated for a period of 92 days receiving different rates of biochars 0% (CK), 2% (T₁) and 4% (T₂) respectively. The SMB was manufactured at 500°C, and P species were tested via ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. Acid phosphomonoesterase (ACP) activities, CEC, NH₄⁺–N, pH, NO₃^‾–N, Olsen‒ P and alkaline phosphomonoesterase (ALP) were determined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The findings suggested that the SMB addition enhanced the pH, NO₃^‾–N, Olsen‒ P, CEC, NH₄⁺–N contents in both paddy and tea soils. Furthermore, compared with CK (control), application of SMB at T₂ reduced the ACP activities by 85.9 and 74.8%, but promoted the ALP activities by 89.1 and 70.6% for paddy and tea soils, respectively. The findings showed that major forms of P were orthophosphate and orthophosphate monoesters.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The SMB application increased soil inorganic P, P availability and ALP activities as a result of increasing of P availability by decomposition of organic P. Our research showed that the SMB application is an alternative nutrient for plants instead of chemical fertilizers. Nevertheless, care should be taken with the long-term SMB application, consequently excessive nutrient utilization has the potential to induce eutrophication in aquatic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructural Analysis on Shear Behavior of New-fill and Silt Interface in Check Dam","authors":"Ya Wang, Hongyu Wang, Liping Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03856-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03856-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The interface between newly-filled soil and silted soil in a check dam is commonly acknowledged as the most vulnerable plane in the upstream heightening technique, posing a significant threat to dam stability. The objective was to investigate the microscopic shear failure mechanism in \" soft–soft (or soil-soil) \" interlayers under different working conditions, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for dam hazard mitigation and reinforcement.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>Direct shear tests were initially conducted on the interface between new-fill and silt soils, considering different water contents and compactness coefficients in the silt soil. Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) technique and Image J software were employed to extract microscopic parameters from the sheared samples. By integrating macroscopic failure patterns with microscopic parameters, a qualitative analysis was established to investigate how water content and compaction degree influence the shear properties and deformations, ultimately revealing the failure mechanism of interface shearing.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>A typical triple-stage (fluctuation, climbing, stable) hardening phenomenon occurred in the stress-displacement curve during direct shear test. The shear strength showed a positive correlation with compaction coefficient but an inverse relationship with water content. Cohesion of the contact surface increased initially and decreased as water content raised, whereas it changed slightly with the increase of compaction. The internal friction angle increased with the development of compactness degree but decreased with increasing water content. SEM images illustrated a progressive morphology transformation in the contact surface, from granular to laminar to an aggregated pattern. Microscopic parameters such as pore morphology properties, pore size distribution as well as pore spatial distributions were directly bonded with macro properties.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The compaction of silt plays a crucial role in adhesive force and structure of particles at soil-soil interface, thereby leading to the occurrence of \"optimal bonding\" and the variation of shear strength. The shear failure of contact surface is characterized by progressive failure. Besides, the water content and compaction degree of soft soil has a significant influence on the progressive failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141774766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The occurrence of selected organic pollutants in the soils of the Songnen Plain, China","authors":"Yanan Chen, Yichen Zhang, Jiquan Zhang, Chenyang Wu, Li Li, Qiuling Lang, Huanan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03862-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03862-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>To protect and improve the soil environment of the Songnen Plain, detailed identification of organic pollutant contamination features in the soil and the degree of contamination is required. The primary goals of this research are to measure the levels of organic pollutants detected in the soil of the Songnen Plain, to correlate the levels of organic pollutants with different land use practices, and to assess the environmental quality of the soil using various pollution indicators.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Material and methods</h3><p>Contaminated soil was collected in three types of areas: residential (<i>n</i> = 26), agricultural (<i>n</i> = 22), and industrial (<i>n</i> = 12) in the Songnen Plain of Jilin Province, at 0–20 cm and 20–40 cm depths. The concentrations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, benzene hexachloride, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, benzo (a) pyrene (BaP), trichloromethane, tetrachloromethane, hexachlorobenzene, and atrazine in the soil samples were determined using gas chromatography (GC), gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer-mass spectrometer (GC-MS-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>Soil BaP had the highest concentration with a mean value of 20.59 ng/kg, followed by atrazine, hexachlorobenzene, benzene hexachloride, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), trichloromethane, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, and tetrachloromethane with mean concentrations of 0.46, 0.44, 0.34, 0.28, 0.21, 0.14, 0.06, 0.03, and 0.02 ng/kg, respectively. Soil organic pollutants at all sampling sites did not exceed the secondary environmental quality standard values. The most serious soil contamination was found in landfill sites, followed by urban areas, industrial areas, and farmland areas.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Soil contamination is more severe in locations where human activity is more prevalent. The subsoil can better reflect the characteristics of soil pollution in the area compared to the upper layer of soil. Although contamination is low in the research region, the presence of these pollutants must be taken seriously in order to maintain the quality and safety of agricultural products and human health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141611183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the soil utilization potential of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings based on a chemical, biological, and mineralogical characterization","authors":"Yun Zhang, Wei Zeng, Zhongqing Wan, Xiao Wang, Xiaoyu Luo, Senlin Tian, Jian-hong Huang, Xuewei Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03858-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03858-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are bulk industrial solid wastes and can be found in the Panxi Region of Sichuan province. The utilization of vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings as soil represents a viable strategy for achieving extensive depletion, while simultaneously fostering ecological revitalization. In order to effectively reuse the stockpiled Vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings, a comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess their physicochemical attributes, microbial community composition, and mineralogical makeup.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The morphologies of six heavy metals, V, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Fe, extracted from different depths of the tailings soil were extracted and analyzed using the modified European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure. The physicochemical indexes—such as water content, pH, available sulfur, and available potassium, of the tailings soil were analyzed. The microbial community structure was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing, and the mineral composition was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The concentrations of Ni, Cu, Cr and Cd in the vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are all within the controllable range. The content of available phosphorus was graded as level 1 (&gt; 40 mg/kg), the content of cation exchange capacity (CEC) was graded as level 1 (&gt; 20 cmol ( +)/kg), and the content of available sulfur was 6.91 times higher than the average value (34.3 mg/kg) of available sulfur of the 10 southern provinces of China. At the T3-D3 sample sites, the <i>Geothermobacter</i> genus prevailed, while <i>Thiobacillus</i> reigned supreme at the remaining sampling locations. The microbial populations in the tailings were primarily influenced by sulfur and iron metabolism. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses showed that pyroxene, mica, cordierite, and kaolinite were the primary minerals in the tailings.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>There is a low risk of soil contamination from the utilization of vanadium and titanium magnetite tailings as an ecological reclamation substrate. Organic matter and nitrogen being the limiting indicators of soil utilization. The abundance of <i>Actinobacteria</i> and <i>Bacteroidota</i> can be appropriately intensified during soil utilization to enhance the soil nitrogen and carbon cycling performance. The chemical weathering dominated the tailings, and its maturation could be accelerated by strengthening the chemical weathering pathway of tailings.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"378 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change research in dry environments of South America: evolution, current state, and future directions","authors":"José de Souza Oliveira Filho","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03855-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03855-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Drylands occupy 41% of the Earth's surface and 31% of South America. In these environments, anthropogenic climate changes may contribute to the intensification of droughts and increase the susceptibility of lands to desertification. In this study, the evolution, current topics, and the research trends in climate change in four dry environments in South America (Caatinga, Patagonia, Gran Chaco, and the Atacama Desert) were analyzed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The database was obtained from the Core Collection of Web of Science. A total of 1,386 scientific papers (1993–2022) were analyzed.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Patagonia accounted for 37.4% of research on climate change in the four studied environments, while the Gran Chaco accounted for only 6.9%. Overall, the research trends indicate the need for the understanding in the increasing severity of drought in the Caatinga and the intensification of fire frequency in the Gran Chaco on soil properties, animals, and plants. The implementation of more sustainable animal production systems, aiming at soil conservation and reducing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions should be a priority in Patagonia. In Atacama Desert, the relationship between climate change and soil microbiome, as well as plant-microorganism interactions under hyper-arid conditions, represent important research trends in this ecosystem. Across all biomes, quantification of GHG emissions, the development of strategies to promote C sequestration by biomass and in soils and studies to understand the effects of climate change on people's lives have been scarce and urgently need implementation.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>There is an urgent need to implement public policies aimed at mitigating and adapting to climate change in the dry climate environments of South America with emphasis on the Gran Chaco, where climate-environmental research is limited, and ecosystem degradation is pronounced.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating erosion risk models in a Scottish catchment using organic carbon fingerprinting","authors":"C. Wiltshire, J. Meersmans, T. W. Waine, R. C. Grabowski, B. Thornton, S. Addy, M. Glendell","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03850-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03850-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Identification of hotspots of accelerated erosion of soil and organic carbon (OC) is critical to the targeting of soil conservation and sediment management measures. The erosion risk map (ERM) developed by Lilly and Baggaley (Soil erosion risk map of Scotland, 2018) for Scotland estimates erosion risk for the specific soil conditions in the region. However, the ERM provides no soil erosion rates. Erosion rates can be estimated by empirical models such as the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). Yet, RUSLE was not developed specifically for the soil conditions in Scotland. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of these two erosion models to determine whether RUSLE erosion rate estimates could be used to quantify the amount of soil eroded from high-risk areas identified in the ERM.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>The study was conducted in the catchment of Loch Davan, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. Organic carbon loss models were constructed to compare land use specific OC yields based on RUSLE and ERM using OC fingerprinting as a benchmark. The estimated soil erosion rates in this study were also compared with recently published estimates in Scotland (Rickson et al. in Developing a method to estimate the costs of soil erosion in high-risk Scottish catchments, 2019).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The region-specific ERM most closely approximated the relative land use OC yields in streambed sediment however, the results of RUSLE were very similar, suggesting that, in this catchment, RUSLE erosion rate estimates could be used to quantify the amount of soil eroded from the high-risk areas identified by ERM. The RUSLE estimates of soil erosion for this catchment were comparable to the soil erosion rates per land use estimated by Rickson et al. (Developing a method to estimate the costs of soil erosion in high-risk Scottish catchments, 2019) in Scottish soils except in the case of pasture/grassland likely due to the pastures in this catchment being grass ley where periods of surface vegetation cover/root network absence are likely to have generated higher rates of erosion.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Selection of suitable erosion risk models can be improved by the combined use of two sediment origin techniques—erosion risk modelling and OC sediment fingerprinting. These methods could, ultimately, support the development of targeted sediment management strategies to maintain healthy soils within the EU and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141577987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of freeze–thaw process on soil temperature and water after long-term grassland and bare land in Northeast China","authors":"Haiyu Li, Meng Li, Renfeng Che, Junchen Zhou","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03860-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03860-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Land use changes influence soil porosity, soil water, and heat transport, which may alter freeze–thaw characteristics within the soil profile. However, the response to freeze–thaw process after long-term land use change in Northeast China is still unclear. Thus, this study explored the characteristics and dynamics of soil hydrothermal during the freeze–thaw process in Northeast China.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The investigation focused on grassland and bare land that have undergone a long-term transformation from cropland. The soil temperature (ST) and soil water content (SWC) data during the freeze–thaw period were collected from 2016 to 2021. Characteristics of ST and SWC at 0–180 cm soil depth were carried out in two sites during the freeze–thaw period.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>It was found that soil in the bare land started to freeze and thaw earlier than that in the grassland. The bare land exhibited a 10.3–186.2% higher amplitude in ST at different depths and greater thermal efficiency between air and soil. In both study sites, the SWC showed a downward–stable–upward trend at different soil layers during the monitoring period. The migrated SWC in most soil layers decreased in two sites. The maximum amount of migrated water reached 2.11 and 5.14 mm in grassland and bare land, respectively. The SWC correlated exponentially with absolute temperature in two sites but decreased faster at 0–30 cm depths in the same temperature interval in bare land.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The soil in the grassland had more stable water and heat regulation ability than that in the bare land. Our results contribute to improving the comprehension of the relationship between water and heat in different land uses in seasonal frozen regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maize-soybean intercropping reduces greenhouse gas emissions from the fertilized soil in the North China Plain","authors":"Md Raseduzzaman, Wenxu Dong, Gokul Gaudel, Stephen Okoth Aluoch, Arbindra Timilsina, Xiaoxin Li, Chunsheng Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03859-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03859-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Background and Aim</h3><p>Continuous monocropping with high nitrogen (N) fertilizer input substantially increases greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in maize-based agroecosystems in the North China Plain (NCP). Introducing soybeans as an intercrop with maize and partially substituting urea with manure might effectively decrease GHG emissions. The aim of this study was to quantify the synergistic effect of maize-soybean intercropping and manure on soil GHG emissions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>A two-year field experiment with three cropping systems (maize monocrop, soybean monocrop, and maize-soybean intercrop) and four N treatments (control, urea, manure, and manure + urea) was carried out at Luancheng Agro-Ecosystem Experimental Station in the NCP. All N treatments, except the control, received 150 kg N ha⁻¹season⁻¹, either full dose as a basal application or two equal split applications.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Results showed that all treatments contributed as a net source of N₂O and CO₂ fluxes but acted as a net sink of CH₄ fluxes. In both cropping seasons, intercrops had significantly lower N₂O emissions compared to monocropping systems, with 38% and 14% less emissions than maize monocrops in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Additionally, maize monocrops had significantly higher soil CO₂ emissions than other systems, while maize-soybean intercropping had 12% and 13% less CO₂ emissions than maize monocrops in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Among fertilized treatments, manure-treated soils emit notably lower N₂O fluxes compared to sole urea treatments. In this study, N₂O and CO₂ fluxes had a strong positive correlation with soil mineral N concentrations, soil temperature, and moisture content. Possibly due to more efficient N utilization, intercrop soils exhibited significantly lower NH₄⁺ and NO₃⁻ concentrations, leading to reduced nitrification and denitrification in the system, resulting in lower N₂O emissions from maize-soybean intercrops.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings indicate that intercropping maize and soybean reduces soil NH₄⁺ and NO₃^– concentrations, as well as significantly decreasing soil N₂O and CO₂ emissions when compared to traditional maize monoculture. Therefore, due to its potential for reducing soil GHG emissions, maize-soybean intercropping can be regarded as an effective alternative cropping system to the prevailing maize-dominant monoculture to develop a sustainable agroecosystem in the NCP region.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141575906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}