Journal of Soils and Sediments最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Impact of Biodegradable and Nonbiodegradable Microplastic Particles on Pb Absorption in Maize","authors":"Dan QIU, Chunmiao LU, Huarong SUN, Chaohang LI, Guangqiang LONG, Ping ZHAO, Yijun LONG, Yue DING, Cuixia SU, Zhengyan PAN, Yuefang CAO, Shuran HE","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03813-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03813-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The aim of this study was to explore the effects of the variations in biodegradable and nonbiodegradable microplastic particles (MPs) on the absorption of lead (Pb) in maize.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>Pot experiments were conducted using maize and two types of MPs, nonbiodegradable polyethylene (PE) and biodegradable polybutylene adipate/terephthalate (PBAT), at four different MP concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, and 10%). After one month of growth, the Pb content in aboveground and belowground parts of the maize seedlings, CaCl₂-extracted Pb content, the proportion of different speciation of Pb within the soil, and soil properties were determined. We determined Pb uptake by maize seedlings, soil physicochemical properties, and Pb speciation in soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The addition of PE and PBAT particles led to the decrease in Pb content in maize root with the increase in concentration. The addition of 0.1% PBAT particles significantly increased the Pb content in the shoot of maize plants by 37.60% and Pb content in the root by 65.06% compared with 0.1% PE. The addition of PE and PBAT particles increased the proportion of residual Pb to 36.0% and 38.0%, respectively. The correlation analysis showed that the addition of MPs mainly affected the absorption of Pb by maize plants by affecting soil pH, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), free crystalline Mn (MnDCB), and amorphous Fe (FeTamm).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This study demonstrates that biodegradable and nonbiodegradable MPs in soil inhibited Pb accumulation in maize seedling roots. FeDCB, MnDCB, and FeTamm may be the main control factors affecting the inhibition of lead uptake by PE in maize seedling roots. Additionally, FeTamm may be the main controlling factor influencing PBAT to reduce lead accumulation in maize seedling roots. The results of the present study could provide novel insights into the toxicity and bioavailability effects of MPs and Pb on maize, as well as a valuable reference for ongoing research on the ecological risk assessment of MPs and other pollutants in the soil environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil residues and crop accumulation of organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides in agricultural fields in Shaanxi, China","authors":"Li Hua, Fanglin Dang, Lumengfei Yu, Hui Zhao, Ting Wei, Fengqiu An","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03846-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03846-2","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to investigate the residual levels of representative organophosphorus and pyrethroid pesticides (chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, and lambda-cyhalothrin) in agricultural soils and crops in Shaanxi Province, and to reveal their accumulation characteristics and regional distribution characteristics in crops.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The study was conducted using 115 soils and crops samples from typical agricultural areas in Shaanxi Province. The pesticide residues were measured using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The crops were analyzed based on the residue characteristics of fruits, vegetables, and field crops. Additionally, the pesticide residues in crops from the Guanzhong area (central part of Shaanxi), northern Shaanxi, and southern Shaanxi regions were analyzed. A correlation analysis was conducted to examine the influencing factors of pesticide residues in soil-crops, considering the physical and chemical properties of the soil in Shaanxi Province.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The results indicate that there are differences in the detection rates and residual concentrations of different pesticides in soil. In the Guanzhong area, the pesticide residual levels in crops follow the trend of chlorpyrifos &gt; deltamethrin &gt; lambda-cyhalothrin &gt; cypermethrin, with relatively high pesticide residues found in corn. In northern Shaanxi, the overall pesticide residual levels in crops show a trend of chlorpyrifos &gt; deltamethrin &gt; cypermethrin &gt; lambda-cyhalothrin. In southern Shaanxi, all the pesticides were detected to varying degrees in crops, with chlorpyrifos showing the highest residual levels.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>All four pesticides were detected in the soils of the study area and the enrichment capacity of different crops varied greatly. Pesticide enrichment is not only affected by temperature and climate conditions in different regions, but soil organic matter, pH, and CEC also have a significant effect on the enrichment of pesticides by crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing ITS1 metabarcoding for the analysis of soil microeukariotic diversity in the Mountain Cloud Forest","authors":"Andrea Aurora Rivera-Zizumbo, Patricia Velez, Margarita Ojeda, Angel Herrera-Mares, Yunuen Tapia-Torres, Jaime Gasca-Pineda","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03839-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03839-1","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>In threatened diversity hotspots, such as mountain cloud forests, microbiome studies have focused essentially on bacteria. Unlike prokaryotic microbiomes, the study of the microeukaryotes has largely been restricted to the visual identification of specific groups. Herein, microeukaryotic edaphic diversity from a pristine mountain cloud forest (MCF) of Mexico was analyzed via the metabarcoding of the ITS1 region of ribosomal DNA.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>An exploratory triangular sampling was conducted in the mountain cloud forest located in El Relámpago Mount, Santiago Comaltepec, Oaxaca, Mexico. Each vertex was located adjacent to a dominant plant species in the ecosystem (<i>Oreomunnea mexicana</i> and <i>Alsophila salvinii</i>). After DNA extraction the ITS1 region (rDNA) was amplified. Microeukaryotic sequences were filtered by computational subtraction against the ITS2 Database. Next, alpha and beta diversity indexes were calculated, and the relationship between abiotic variables and diversity patterns were inferred by means of a Canonical Correspondence Analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Overall, 138 inferred sequence variants were identified, including 87 protists, 35 animals (microfauna), and 16 algae. Within the animals, the nematodes were the dominant group, chlorophytes dominated algae, and in Protista, no dominance patterns were observed given the high diversity and equitability of this group. Soil available carbon, carbon degrading enzymes and the pH play a key role in modeling the community structure. Remarkably, high beta diversity levels were obtained, evidencing a strong spatial heterogeneity at the small scale.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The ITS metabarcoding proved to be a useful tool to conduct multi-taxa diversity assessments for microeukaryotes, allowing the identification of alpha and beta diversity patterns and overcoming limitations of sampling and the direct observation of individuals. The results presented in this work evidenced high microeukaryotic diversity levels in the soil of MCF and encourage future studies aiming to explore the taxonomic diversity of individual taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141512718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Phyllostachys pubescens expansion and refelling on soil food web in a Cryptomeria japonica plantation, Lushan Mountain, subtropical China","authors":"Zhe Wang, Suqin Yu, Liqin Liao, Ke Wang, Foyi Zhang, Philip J. Murray, Qiong Wang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03835-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03835-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to explore the impact of the expansion and subsequent felling of Moso bamboo (<i>Phyllostachys pubescens</i>), a dominant species in China's bamboo cultivation history, on both above-ground and underground soil fauna communities and the soil food web within Japanese cedar (<i>Cryptomeria japonica</i>) forests in Lushan Mountain, subtropical China.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We identified three distinct areas where Moso bamboo had expanded into pure Japanese cedar forests. In each area, two experimental scenarios were created: a deforestation site (DF) where Moso bamboo had intruded and was later felled, and a control site (UF) with ongoing bamboo growth. Soil fauna communities were collected using pitfall traps (above-ground soil fauna) and the Tullgren dry funnel method (underground soil fauna), while stable isotope analyses were used to determine the trophic levels of these communities.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Deforestation significantly reduced the abundance of Acari, the most populous taxon, as well as Collembola, Diptera, and Diptera larvae. Above-ground Hymenoptera populations declined in deforested plots, while underground numbers rose. Undeforested forests supported higher densities of Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, and Arachnida. Despite similar annual biomass trends across plots, deforested areas had a greater biomass, driven by larger soil fauna. Soil total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and organic matter content increased in deforested areas and showed a strong correlation with most soil fauna, especially Diptera larvae. Following deforestation, habitat alterations have affected soil fauna's food sources, resulting in a lower trophic level for groups like Diptera, Collembola, and Hymenoptera.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Our study underscores the significant impact of Moso bamboo expansion and subsequent felling on the soil fauna communities and food web in <i>Cryptomeria japonica</i> forests. These findings highlight the need for further research into the long-term effects and recovery patterns of these ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prokaryotic community structure and predicted metabolism associated with hydrocarbon degradation in marine sediments from the Northwest Coast of Baja California, Mexico","authors":"Ileana Sarahi Ramos-Mendoza, Salvador Embarcadero-Jiménez, Andrea Fernanda Barrios-Navarro, Diana Camila Ledezma-González, Asunción Lago-Lestón, Brianda Jannyn Valenzuela-Suárez, Nancy Ramírez-Álvarez, Hortencia Silva-Jiménez","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03822-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03822-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The coastal environment is a fragile ecosystem exposed to anthropogenic pressures, including pollution. Microbial ecology studies have demonstrated the importance of microbial metabolism in marine sediments to maintain nutrient cycling; however, recalcitrant contaminants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) could affect these microbial communities. This study aimed to investigate the diversity of microbial communities on marine sediments from the North Occidental Coast of Baja California, Mexico (NOCBC) and their potential aromatic hydrocarbon catabolic pathways.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>During the Southern California Bight Oceanographic Campaign, sediment samples were collected in September 2018 from 33 coastal sites from the Tijuana-San Diego border to Punta Banda Cape, Ensenada (Mexico). The samples were analyzed for grain size, total PAHs, and organic carbon (OC) concentrations. Next, the bacterial communities were identified using Illumina high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes, and hydrocarbonoclastic function was inferred using PICRUSt2.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>According to Canadian and EPA guidelines for marine sediments, the total PAH concentration from the samples suggested a low pollution impact. Sequence analysis identified 27 phyla and 36 candidate divisions across the sampled sediments. The dominant phyla were Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, Planctomycetota, and Crenarchaeota. At the family level, the most prominent were Piscirickettsiaceae, OM60, Flavobacteriaceae, Pirellulaceae, and Cenarchaeaceae. The key genera were identified as <i>Nitrosopumilus, Lutimonas,</i> and <i>Desulfococcus;</i> nine Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) represented the core microbiome across the sites, comprising about 7.68% of the total reads. The predictive functional analysis detected 47 principal pathways involved in hydrocarbon degradation, including catechol, protocatechuate, and aerobic toluene degradation routes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our data suggest the presence of hot spots for aromatic degradative pathways in those sampling sites near cities, where a significant proportion of aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms may be present. This study represents the first census of the prokaryotic communities from marine sediments of NOCBC, which harbors diverse communities with hydrocarbonoclastic potential. These results could provide constructive guidelines on ecosystem management and pollution mitigation actions.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141258152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil structure dynamics in constructed Technosols for bioretention cells: X-ray microtomography study","authors":"Petra Heckova, John Koestel, Ales Klement, Radka Kodesova, Michal Snehota","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03828-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03828-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Constructed Technosols are frequently used to create the biofilter layer of blue-green infrastructure elements when the local soil does not possess the necessary properties. However, the long-term functioning of the biofilter is not entirely understood. The aim of this study is to elucidate changes in the structure of a constructed Technosol based biofilter of a bioretention cell (BC) by means of x-ray tomography and additional physical characterization during the first years after installation under two different water regimes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods and materials</h3><p>Two identical experimental BCs were studied to investigate structural changes in biofilter. The BCs exhibited different water regimes. BC1 collected naturally occurring rain concentrated from the nearby roof, while BC2 lacked a regular inflow of water except for several irrigation events and exhibited drier conditions overall. Biofilter was constructed using a mixture of 50% sand, 30% compost, and 20% topsoil. Undistributed soil samples were collected from the biofilter at 7, 12, 18, 23, and 31 months after BC installation. The changes in the soil pore system geometry were assessed by analyzing morphological parameters derived from X-ray computed microtomography images (μCT) and additional physical parameters. The μCT images were analyzed using the SoilJ software package.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>In both BCs, soil consolidation accompanied by a significant reduction in macroporosity and pore connectivity, occurred between months 7 and 18 in BC1 and between months 7 and 12 in BC2. Macroporosity then gradually increased in BC1 between months 18 and 31. During the same period, in the drier soil of BC2, macroporosity and pore connectivity decreased. In BC1, the water field capacity increased between months 7 and 18, but then returned to its initial values by month 31.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>The μCT proved to be suitable for assessing the structural changes of constructed Technosol. Significant differences in soil structure development were observed in BC, depending on the water regime. These differences were particularly evident in the development of field capacity, total porosity, and macroporosity.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing electrokinetic remediation of soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, and Pb using the biodegradable chelator GLDA: A pilot study","authors":"Zhiwei Pan, Genmei Wang, Jiaqi Liang, Long Cang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03824-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03824-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>This study aims to assess the feasibility and efficiency of electrokinetic (EK) remediation of soil contaminated with As, Cd, Cu, and Pb using the biodegradable chelator N, N-bis(carboxymethyl)-tetrasodium salt (GLDA) at the pilot scale.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>The experiments were performed under a constant voltage (40 V) in an EK reactor (100 cm (length) × 50 cm (width) × 25 cm (height)) for over 100 days using various enhancement strategies. The current, electroosmotic flow (EOF), microstructure, mineral composition of the soil samples (before and after EK remediation), removal efficiencies, chemical forms, and ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were determined.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>The results showed gradual decreases in the electrical current and EOF over time. The spatial distribution of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb in the soil solution and electrolyte revealed that the removed metals primarily accumulated in anolytes. The soil As, Cd, and Cu contents, especially near the anode, showed gradual reductions. The total removal efficiencies of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were 49.4%, 44.0%, 53.6%, and 36.6%, respectively. Overall, the ecotoxicity risks of the remaining As, Cd, Cu, and Pb were below the initial values. A soil microstructure and mineral composition analysis indicated that the GLDA-enhanced EK technology effectively removed As, Cd, Cu, and Pb by dissolving soil minerals and breaking chemical bonds. The unit energy consumption ranged from 1.25 to 1.83 kW·h/t/%, indicating lower or comparable values to the data in the literature.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The biodegradable chelator, GLDA, has been shown to remove different types of potentially toxic elements using enhancement strategies on a pilot scale with low unit energy consumption. Arsenic migrated to the anode in the anionic form, and the complexes formed by Cd, Cu, and Pb with GLDA were negatively charged and moved toward the cathode. After the EK treatment, the ecotoxicity risks of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb decreased with a reduction in the contents and the chemical form changes of As, Cd, Cu, and Pb.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141187899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical properties of the urban soils of Santiago de Compostela (Spain)","authors":"R. Paradelo, C. Herbón, M. T. Barral","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03833-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03833-7","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Poor physical conditions are a typical feature of urban soils that reduce their functionality regarding plant production or the water cycle. However, the increasing importance of urbanization makes it necessary to carry out additional research on physical properties of urban soils.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>In this work, we have studied 64 urban soils in Santiago de Compostela (Spain), over different parent materials and under several land uses. We assessed their physical properties in the field and laboratory, with measures of bulk density and porosity, water holding capacity, aggregate stability and water-dispersible clay, permeability and resistance to penetration. The erosion risk was assessed by estimation of the k factor in the RUSLE.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The results show that the soils present heterogeneous physical properties, as common in urban soils. As a result of high organic matter and Fe contents, the soils present low bulk densities and high aggregate stability. Compaction issues are widespread but dependent on land use: in general soils under urban agriculture use present higher permeability and lower compaction levels than urban grasslands and forests. High infiltration values observed despite compaction are likely due to the abundance of coarse fragments and preferential flow.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, urban soils have potentially low erosion risk as shown by the K factor values, but sound management is essential to keep actual erosion rates down, because relief, climatic factors as well as human behavior are susceptible of increasing erosion risk at some points.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141188044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic properties of sediments within the water-level fluctuation zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir and their response to provenance and hydrodynamic conditions","authors":"Ting Chen, Yujie Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Xingping Wei, Liuliu Feng, Yixuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03808-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03808-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the sediments of the water-level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) in large reservoirs play critical roles in the burial and release of organic carbon and pollutants. This study aims to reveal the spatial distribution of magnetic minerals across different elevations and reaches within the WLFZ of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), the largest reservoir in the world, and their links to sediment provenance and hydrodynamic conditions. This study will provide a fundamental basis for future investigations in the roles of magnetic minerals in the circulation processes of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of fluvial-reservoir systems. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>~ 300 sediment samples and nearby side-slope soils were collected from various altitudes within the WLFZ at ten different sites of the TGR. The magnetic properties of these sediments and soils were examined using environmental magnetism. Additionally, previously reported data on magnetic properties of suspended sediments from upstream rivers flowing into the TGR were assembled. Nearby side-slope soils and suspended samples were used to represent magnetic properties of potential sources for the sediments within the WLFZ. </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results and discussion</h3><p>Our findings reveal that magnetite/maghemite and hematite particles dominate the sediments within the WLFZ of the TGR. Relatively higher concentration of hematite particles in the upper part (&gt; 165 m) of WLFZ mainly originates from or are nearby side-slope soils, whereas higher concentration of magnetite/maghemite particles in the lower part of WLFZ is primarily due to sediment supply from upstream of the Yangtze River. The dominance of coarser magnetite/maghemite within the WLFZ of the upper reach of the TGR, from Jiangjin district to Fuling district, is due to strong water flow velocity. An increase in the concentration of nanosized fine-grained magnetic particles within the WLFZ of the middle and lower reaches of the TGR can be attributed to a combination of reduced water dynamics and intense regional soil erosion of nearby side slopes<b>.</b> </p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our findings indicate that the concentration and grain size of magnetic minerals exhibit spatial variations within the WLFZ of reservoirs under the influences of sediment provenance and hydrodynamics. These findings provide fundamental insights on future exploration into the crucial roles of iron-bearing magnetic minerals in the accumulation, migration, and transformation of pollutants and organic carbon within the WLFZ of reservoirs and their response to changes in sediment sources and water dynamics.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141168067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adding fine woody debris accelerates the turnover of soil carbon pool in high-latitude urban plantations in China","authors":"Honglin Xing, Hao Zhang, Guoru Tang, Tianhe Yuan, Hailong Shen, Ling Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11368-024-03823-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11368-024-03823-9","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>The decomposition and transformation of woody debris (WD) generated during forest growth and management have a significant impact on soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics and carbon balance. However, our understanding of the impact of WD on SOC in urban plantations remains limited. To fill this gap, we conducted this study.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Materials and methods</h3><p>In this study, we established four treatments involving the addition of fine woody debris (FWD) on the soil of six urban plantations in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, to investigate changes in SOC. The four treatments for adding FWD were as follows: Control, low-dose carbon addition (LC), medium-dose carbon addition (MC), and high-dose carbon addition (HC). The added carbon content in the four treatments was 0 g m⁻², 250 g m⁻², 500 g m⁻²,1000 g m⁻². After 13 months, we measured the dynamic changes of SOC and nitrogen fractions as well as the characteristics of the carbon pool in the 0–10 cm thick soil layer.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The study results indicate that, when compared with the control group, the addition of FWD had a noteworthy impact on basic soil parameters such as soil water content, pH, and total nitrogen. This addition resulted in an augmentation of labile organic carbon fractions, including microbial biomass carbon and easily oxidizable organic carbon. However, no significant effect was observed on the content and storage of SOC. In addition, it is found that adding FWD has a significant positive effect on carbon pool management index (CPMI), while CPMI has a significant negative effect on SOC.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The addition of FWD to urban plantations in Heilongjiang Province, China, for 13 months can increase the turnover of SOC and improve soil quality. However, the increase in SOC storage is limited and a longer decomposition time might be necessary to see a significant SOC sequestration effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":17139,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Soils and Sediments","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141168230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}