Hafeez ul Haq, Amelie Hauer, Bala Singavarapu, Henriette Christel, Simone Cesarz, Nico Eisenhauer, Olga Ferlian, Helge Bruelheide, Tesfaye Wubet
<jats:list> <jats:list-item>The underlying processes of plant‐microbe associations particularly their interactions with their mycorrhizal fungal partners have been extensively studied. However, considerably less is known about the consequences of tree‐tree interactions on rooting zone soil microbiota when tree species of different mycorrhizal type (myco‐type) grow together as mono and mixed myco‐type mixtures along a tree diversity gradient.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Using the MyDiv tree diversity experiment, where arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees and their mixtures were planted in monocultures, two‐species and four‐species mixture plots, we investigated the interplay of target tree myco‐type, myco‐type mixture, tree diversity and rooting zone compartment (target tree dominated and its interaction zones with neighbour trees) on the rooting zone soil mycobiota employing meta‐barcoding of the ITS2 rDNA fragment of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results revealed significant individual and interaction effects of tree myco‐type, myco‐type mixture and tree diversity but not rooting zone compartment on the fungal taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversity. This implies intermingling of roots of target and neighbouring tree species there by reducing the target tree species effect in its rooting zone. As tree diversity increases, we found convergence of the fungal community in general, where the fungal community dissimilarity varies depending on the co‐existing tree species myco‐type and tree species diversity. Furthermore, the fungal community composition in the two and four species mixtures were consistently influenced by soil pH, whereas in the mixed multi‐species stands basal respiration, N, PO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup>, NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup> were found to be equally important unlike in AM and EcM multi‐species stands. Comparative analysis of the fungal taxa specialisation between mono and mixed myco‐type multi‐species stands revealed that the mixed myco‐type plots shared 23.5% (AM) and 19.7% (EcM) of the generalist fungal communities However, the percentage of specialised fungal community in mixed myco‐type plots (13.2%) was significantly higher as compared to EcM (9.5%), and significantly lower (9%) as compared to AM (11.7%) plots, resulting in myco‐type and myco‐type mixture specific fungal communities and functional guild patterns</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results provide novel insights on the significance of tree species and its co‐existing trees preferred mycorrhizal association in shaping the target tree rooting zone soil mycobiome along a tree diversity gradient. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of generalist and specialist fungal communities in mono and mixed myco‐type stands in modulating tree‐tree interaction, tree species co‐existence and regulating soil properties and ecosystem funct
{"title":"The interactive effect of tree mycorrhizal type, mycorrhizal type mixture and tree diversity shapes rooting zone soil fungal communities in temperate forest ecosystems","authors":"Hafeez ul Haq, Amelie Hauer, Bala Singavarapu, Henriette Christel, Simone Cesarz, Nico Eisenhauer, Olga Ferlian, Helge Bruelheide, Tesfaye Wubet","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14651","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>The underlying processes of plant‐microbe associations particularly their interactions with their mycorrhizal fungal partners have been extensively studied. However, considerably less is known about the consequences of tree‐tree interactions on rooting zone soil microbiota when tree species of different mycorrhizal type (myco‐type) grow together as mono and mixed myco‐type mixtures along a tree diversity gradient.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Using the MyDiv tree diversity experiment, where arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) trees and their mixtures were planted in monocultures, two‐species and four‐species mixture plots, we investigated the interplay of target tree myco‐type, myco‐type mixture, tree diversity and rooting zone compartment (target tree dominated and its interaction zones with neighbour trees) on the rooting zone soil mycobiota employing meta‐barcoding of the ITS2 rDNA fragment of the fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS).</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results revealed significant individual and interaction effects of tree myco‐type, myco‐type mixture and tree diversity but not rooting zone compartment on the fungal taxonomic and functional alpha and beta diversity. This implies intermingling of roots of target and neighbouring tree species there by reducing the target tree species effect in its rooting zone. As tree diversity increases, we found convergence of the fungal community in general, where the fungal community dissimilarity varies depending on the co‐existing tree species myco‐type and tree species diversity. Furthermore, the fungal community composition in the two and four species mixtures were consistently influenced by soil pH, whereas in the mixed multi‐species stands basal respiration, N, PO<jats:sub>4</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup>, NO<jats:sub>3</jats:sub><jats:sup>−</jats:sup> were found to be equally important unlike in AM and EcM multi‐species stands. Comparative analysis of the fungal taxa specialisation between mono and mixed myco‐type multi‐species stands revealed that the mixed myco‐type plots shared 23.5% (AM) and 19.7% (EcM) of the generalist fungal communities However, the percentage of specialised fungal community in mixed myco‐type plots (13.2%) was significantly higher as compared to EcM (9.5%), and significantly lower (9%) as compared to AM (11.7%) plots, resulting in myco‐type and myco‐type mixture specific fungal communities and functional guild patterns</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results provide novel insights on the significance of tree species and its co‐existing trees preferred mycorrhizal association in shaping the target tree rooting zone soil mycobiome along a tree diversity gradient. Furthermore, it highlights the significance of generalist and specialist fungal communities in mono and mixed myco‐type stands in modulating tree‐tree interaction, tree species co‐existence and regulating soil properties and ecosystem funct","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stav Livne‐Luzon, Hagar Fox, Rotem Cahanovitc, Alon Rapaport, Tamir Klein
Despite gaining significant attention in recent years, it remains unclear whether mycorrhizal fungi distribute meaningful amounts of resources among trees in ways that increase the fitness of the receiving trees. To investigate this, we used pairs of shaded and unshaded Pinus halepensis or Quercus calliprinos saplings, growing in both inter‐ and intra‐specific combinations outdoors in forest soil. We examined the combined effects of indirect and direct below‐ground connections on tree performance and Non‐Structural Carbohydrate (NSC) pools.Although we did not observe any growth benefits, shaded recipient oaks exhibited higher levels of root and branch NSC compared to their control counterparts, which were not connected below‐ground. This finding suggests a potential benefit of establishing below‐ground connections. However, no such benefits were observed among the unshaded pairs or in the other inter‐ and intra‐specific pairs of pines and oaks.We monitored the carbon (C) flow from a 13CO2‐labelled donor pine tree to a below‐ground connected oak tree and demonstrated C transfer from pines to shaded oaks. We also identified the main fungal symbionts interacting with pines and oaks.Our findings indicate that the effects of below‐ground C transfer are context‐dependent, manifesting in nuanced alterations in plant NSC that are not readily apparent through conventional growth metrics.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
{"title":"Context‐dependent effects of below‐ground carbon transfer: Limited benefits from sunlit pines to shaded oaks","authors":"Stav Livne‐Luzon, Hagar Fox, Rotem Cahanovitc, Alon Rapaport, Tamir Klein","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14645","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Despite gaining significant attention in recent years, it remains unclear whether mycorrhizal fungi distribute meaningful amounts of resources among trees in ways that increase the fitness of the receiving trees. To investigate this, we used pairs of shaded and unshaded <jats:italic>Pinus halepensis</jats:italic> or <jats:italic>Quercus calliprinos</jats:italic> saplings, growing in both inter‐ and intra‐specific combinations outdoors in forest soil. We examined the combined effects of indirect and direct below‐ground connections on tree performance and Non‐Structural Carbohydrate (NSC) pools.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Although we did not observe any growth benefits, shaded recipient oaks exhibited higher levels of root and branch NSC compared to their control counterparts, which were not connected below‐ground. This finding suggests a potential benefit of establishing below‐ground connections. However, no such benefits were observed among the unshaded pairs or in the other inter‐ and intra‐specific pairs of pines and oaks.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We monitored the carbon (C) flow from a <jats:sup>13</jats:sup>CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>‐labelled donor pine tree to a below‐ground connected oak tree and demonstrated C transfer from pines to shaded oaks. We also identified the main fungal symbionts interacting with pines and oaks.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our findings indicate that the effects of below‐ground C transfer are context‐dependent, manifesting in nuanced alterations in plant NSC that are not readily apparent through conventional growth metrics.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>Read the free <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https://fesummaries.wordpress.com/2024/08/16/context-dependent-effects-of-belowground-carbon-transfer-limited-benefits-from-sunlit-pines-to-shaded-oaks/\">Plain Language Summary</jats:ext-link> for this article on the Journal blog.","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plant traits determine seed retention times in frugivorous birds: Implications for long-distance seed dispersal","authors":"Claudio A. Bracho-Estévanez, Mariano Cuadrado, Iñigo Sánchez, Alejandro Onrubia, Juan P. González-Varo","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14642","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2435.14642","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.</p>","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14642","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Riparian forests shape trophic interactions in detrital stream food webs","authors":"Rebecca Oester, Florian Altermatt, Andreas Bruder","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14639","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2435.14639","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.</p>","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carolina Reyes‐Puig, Urtzi Enriquez‐Urzelai, Miguel A. Carretero, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou
Niche segregation is a mechanism by which competition between coexisting species is reduced. The ecological niche is a multidimensional space shaped by the conditions and resources that enable the existence of species.We conducted comprehensive univariate and multidimensional analyses of phenotypic traits encompassing morphology, functional performance and ecophysiology, to investigate which phenotypic traits contribute to niche segregation and overlap in two coexisting green lizard species.Our analyses revealed that the main driver of niche segregation was body size. However, when considering size‐corrected phenotypic spaces, ecophysiological traits were still distinct, with little overlap between co‐occurring species. Such differentiation was linked mainly to preferred temperature variance and water loss, highlighting the importance of thermal and hydric niche segregation.Some particular traits such as limb length also contributed to niche segregation being maintained in the morphological space, even when the effect of size was accounted for. Instead, the phenotypic space of functional performance traits (i.e. bite force, locomotor performance) showed the greatest overlap between the two species, thus, less niche segregation was observed, once size effects were removed. Therefore, functional performance traits contribute in a minor proportion to the effective niche segregation between the two species. In light of our results, the most adequate perspective to understand niche segregation in coexisting species is through a multidimensional approach in differentiated phenotypic spaces. Our dismantling of phenotypic traits allowed us to identify niche areas in which trait overlap occurs and others that promote niche segregation, considering or not size effects.Our results suggest that differential use of structural and functional niche space promotes effective niche segregation, potentially reducing direct competition between species. We highlight the importance of studies that include the combination of several phenotypic traits that, as a whole, provide insights to better understand the mechanisms by which coexisting organisms exploit differentiated resources in multidimensional spaces.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
{"title":"Is it all about size? Dismantling the integrated phenotype to understand species coexistence and niche segregation","authors":"Carolina Reyes‐Puig, Urtzi Enriquez‐Urzelai, Miguel A. Carretero, Antigoni Kaliontzopoulou","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14646","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Niche segregation is a mechanism by which competition between coexisting species is reduced. The ecological niche is a multidimensional space shaped by the conditions and resources that enable the existence of species.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We conducted comprehensive univariate and multidimensional analyses of phenotypic traits encompassing morphology, functional performance and ecophysiology, to investigate which phenotypic traits contribute to niche segregation and overlap in two coexisting green lizard species.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our analyses revealed that the main driver of niche segregation was body size. However, when considering size‐corrected phenotypic spaces, ecophysiological traits were still distinct, with little overlap between co‐occurring species. Such differentiation was linked mainly to preferred temperature variance and water loss, highlighting the importance of thermal and hydric niche segregation.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Some particular traits such as limb length also contributed to niche segregation being maintained in the morphological space, even when the effect of size was accounted for. Instead, the phenotypic space of functional performance traits (i.e. bite force, locomotor performance) showed the greatest overlap between the two species, thus, less niche segregation was observed, once size effects were removed. Therefore, functional performance traits contribute in a minor proportion to the effective niche segregation between the two species. In light of our results, the most adequate perspective to understand niche segregation in coexisting species is through a multidimensional approach in differentiated phenotypic spaces. Our dismantling of phenotypic traits allowed us to identify niche areas in which trait overlap occurs and others that promote niche segregation, considering or not size effects.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results suggest that differential use of structural and functional niche space promotes effective niche segregation, potentially reducing direct competition between species. We highlight the importance of studies that include the combination of several phenotypic traits that, as a whole, provide insights to better understand the mechanisms by which coexisting organisms exploit differentiated resources in multidimensional spaces.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>Read the free <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https://fesummaries.wordpress.com/2024/08/20/understanding-niche-segregation-in-coexisting-species/\">Plain Language Summary</jats:ext-link> for this article on the Journal blog.","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constraints and demands interact to affect prey dietary reaction to predation","authors":"N. D. Shamir Weller, D. Raubenheimer, D. Hawlena","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14647","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2435.14647","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.</p>","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14647","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hannah K. Ruppert, Mark van Kleunen, Rutger A. Wilschut
Terrestrial plant communities often become invaded by alien species, which may benefit from high growth rates, strong phenotypic plasticity and reduced negative impacts from local soil communities. At the same time, terrestrial communities are increasingly more often exposed to periods of drought. However, how drought affects the competition between alien and native plants directly, and indirectly, through changing impacts of soil communities on plant performance, remains poorly understood.Here, we performed a greenhouse pot experiment in which we examined biomass responses of five native and five naturalized alien species (all occurring in mesic grasslands) to drought and benign soil moisture conditions, while growing in interspecific, intraspecific or absence of competition, in the presence or absence of native soil biota. We expected that alien plant species are less negatively affected by soil biota, but more negatively affected by drought than native species, and that drought indirectly weakens soil‐community‐driven competitive benefits of alien plant species over native ones.On average, soil‐community effects on plant biomass were positive, but native performance was less positively affected by soil communities than alien performance, suggesting reduced impacts of soil‐borne enemies on alien plants. Drought more negatively affected alien‐ than native plant performance. Drought impacts on plant biomass did not depend on soil community presence, but in the presence of soil biota, plants overall invested more in root biomass when exposed to drought. The effects of competition were subtle and species‐specific.To better understand the observed positive soil‐community effects on plant performance in our study, we examined mycorrhizal root colonization of plants grown in absence of competition. Among‐species variation in mycorrhizal colonization explained plant performance differences between soils with and without live soil communities, indicating a key role for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as driver of plant performance. However, mycorrhizal colonization did not differ between alien and native plants and was unaffected by drought.Overall, our study suggests that drought may weaken alien plant invasions through stronger direct negative impacts on alien than on native plant performance, but that drought does not affect soil‐biota‐driven differences in plant performance between alien and native plants.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
{"title":"Contrasting responses of naturalized alien and native plants to native soil biota and drought","authors":"Hannah K. Ruppert, Mark van Kleunen, Rutger A. Wilschut","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14643","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Terrestrial plant communities often become invaded by alien species, which may benefit from high growth rates, strong phenotypic plasticity and reduced negative impacts from local soil communities. At the same time, terrestrial communities are increasingly more often exposed to periods of drought. However, how drought affects the competition between alien and native plants directly, and indirectly, through changing impacts of soil communities on plant performance, remains poorly understood.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Here, we performed a greenhouse pot experiment in which we examined biomass responses of five native and five naturalized alien species (all occurring in mesic grasslands) to drought and benign soil moisture conditions, while growing in interspecific, intraspecific or absence of competition, in the presence or absence of native soil biota. We expected that alien plant species are less negatively affected by soil biota, but more negatively affected by drought than native species, and that drought indirectly weakens soil‐community‐driven competitive benefits of alien plant species over native ones.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>On average, soil‐community effects on plant biomass were positive, but native performance was less positively affected by soil communities than alien performance, suggesting reduced impacts of soil‐borne enemies on alien plants. Drought more negatively affected alien‐ than native plant performance. Drought impacts on plant biomass did not depend on soil community presence, but in the presence of soil biota, plants overall invested more in root biomass when exposed to drought. The effects of competition were subtle and species‐specific.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>To better understand the observed positive soil‐community effects on plant performance in our study, we examined mycorrhizal root colonization of plants grown in absence of competition. Among‐species variation in mycorrhizal colonization explained plant performance differences between soils with and without live soil communities, indicating a key role for arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as driver of plant performance. However, mycorrhizal colonization did not differ between alien and native plants and was unaffected by drought.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Overall, our study suggests that drought may weaken alien plant invasions through stronger direct negative impacts on alien than on native plant performance, but that drought does not affect soil‐biota‐driven differences in plant performance between alien and native plants.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>Read the free <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https://fesummaries.wordpress.com/2024/08/14/drought-does-not-alter-how-living-soil-communities-affect-non-native-plants-and-native-plants/\">Plain Language Summary</jats:ext-link> for this article on the Journal blog.","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Théo Marchand, Antoine Lecerf, Pierre-Marc Brousseau, Matthieu Chauvat, Michael Danger, Estelle Forey, I. Tanya Handa, Mickael Hedde, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Mathieu Santonja, Benjamin Pey
Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
{"title":"The Detri2match conceptual framework: Matching detritivore and detritus traits to unravel consumption rules in a context of decomposition","authors":"Théo Marchand, Antoine Lecerf, Pierre-Marc Brousseau, Matthieu Chauvat, Michael Danger, Estelle Forey, I. Tanya Handa, Mickael Hedde, Florence Maunoury-Danger, Mathieu Santonja, Benjamin Pey","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14611","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2435.14611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.</p>","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyle E. Coblentz, Liuqingqing Yang, Arpita Dalal, Miyauna M. N. Incarnato, Dinelka D. Thilakarathne, Cameron Shaw, Ryan Wilson, Francis Biagioli, Kristi L. Montooth, John P. DeLong
Predator and prey traits are important determinants of the outcomes of trophic interactions. In turn, the outcomes of trophic interactions shape predator and prey trait evolution. How species' traits respond to selection from trophic interactions depends crucially on whether and how heritable species' traits are and their genetic correlations. Of the many traits influencing the outcomes of trophic interactions, body size and movement traits have emerged as key traits. Yet, how these traits shape and are shaped by trophic interactions is unclear, as few studies have simultaneously measured the impacts of these traits on the outcomes of trophic interactions, their heritability, and their correlations within the same system.We used outcrossed lines of the ciliate protist Paramecium caudatum from natural populations to examine variation in morphology and movement behaviour, the heritability of that variation, and its effects on Paramecium susceptibility to predation by the copepod Macrocyclops albidus.We found that the Paramecium lines exhibited heritable variation in body size and movement traits. In contrast to expectations from allometric relationships, body size and movement speed showed little covariance among clonal lines. The proportion of Paramecium consumed by copepods was positively associated with Paramecium body size and velocity but with an interaction such that greater velocities led to greater predation risk for large body‐sized paramecia but did not alter predation risk for smaller paramecia. The proportion of paramecia consumed was not related to copepod body size. These patterns of predation risk and heritable trait variation in paramecia suggest that copepod predation may act as a selective force operating independently on movement and body size and generating the strongest selection against large, high‐velocity paramecia.Our results illustrate how ecology and genetics can shape potential natural selection on prey traits through the outcomes of trophic interactions. Further simultaneous measures of predation outcomes, traits, and their quantitative genetics will provide insights into the evolutionary ecology of species interactions and their eco‐evolutionary consequences.Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
{"title":"Heritable intraspecific variation among prey in size and movement interact to shape predation risk and potential natural selection","authors":"Kyle E. Coblentz, Liuqingqing Yang, Arpita Dalal, Miyauna M. N. Incarnato, Dinelka D. Thilakarathne, Cameron Shaw, Ryan Wilson, Francis Biagioli, Kristi L. Montooth, John P. DeLong","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.14644","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:list> <jats:list-item>Predator and prey traits are important determinants of the outcomes of trophic interactions. In turn, the outcomes of trophic interactions shape predator and prey trait evolution. How species' traits respond to selection from trophic interactions depends crucially on whether and how heritable species' traits are and their genetic correlations. Of the many traits influencing the outcomes of trophic interactions, body size and movement traits have emerged as key traits. Yet, how these traits shape and are shaped by trophic interactions is unclear, as few studies have simultaneously measured the impacts of these traits on the outcomes of trophic interactions, their heritability, and their correlations within the same system.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We used outcrossed lines of the ciliate protist <jats:italic>Paramecium caudatum</jats:italic> from natural populations to examine variation in morphology and movement behaviour, the heritability of that variation, and its effects on <jats:italic>Paramecium</jats:italic> susceptibility to predation by the copepod <jats:italic>Macrocyclops albidus</jats:italic>.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>We found that the <jats:italic>Paramecium</jats:italic> lines exhibited heritable variation in body size and movement traits. In contrast to expectations from allometric relationships, body size and movement speed showed little covariance among clonal lines. The proportion of <jats:italic>Paramecium</jats:italic> consumed by copepods was positively associated with <jats:italic>Paramecium</jats:italic> body size and velocity but with an interaction such that greater velocities led to greater predation risk for large body‐sized paramecia but did not alter predation risk for smaller paramecia. The proportion of paramecia consumed was not related to copepod body size. These patterns of predation risk and heritable trait variation in paramecia suggest that copepod predation may act as a selective force operating independently on movement and body size and generating the strongest selection against large, high‐velocity paramecia.</jats:list-item> <jats:list-item>Our results illustrate how ecology and genetics can shape potential natural selection on prey traits through the outcomes of trophic interactions. Further simultaneous measures of predation outcomes, traits, and their quantitative genetics will provide insights into the evolutionary ecology of species interactions and their eco‐evolutionary consequences.</jats:list-item> </jats:list>Read the free <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" xlink:href=\"https://fesummaries.wordpress.com/2024/08/16/how-do-predators-shape-the-size-and-speed-of-their-prey/\">Plain Language Summary</jats:ext-link> for this article on the Journal blog.","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Plant functional types and tissue stoichiometry explain nutrient transfer in common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks of temperate grasslands","authors":"Hilary Rose Dawson, Katherine L. Shek, Toby M. Maxwell, Paul B. Reed, Barbara Bomfim, Scott D. Bridgham, Brendan J. M. Bohannan, Lucas C. R. Silva","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.14634","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1365-2435.14634","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.</p>","PeriodicalId":172,"journal":{"name":"Functional Ecology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/1365-2435.14634","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142181430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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