Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083
Aravind Rajan Ayagara , Subramanyam Vijayasaradhi , Sai Adithya Vanga , Mayur Shriram Kannadkar , André Langlet
Recent advancements in stealth technology have intensified the demand for radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) that combine superior attenuation performance with structural integrity. This review systematically examines carbon-based RAMs, specifically polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon-based nanofillers, emphasizing their dual role in enhancing electromagnetic absorption and mechanical performance. This work uniquely integrates the mechanical behavior of these materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of filler dispersion, interfacial interactions, and their influence on dielectric loss and load-bearing capabilities. Comparative analysis across multiple studies highlights how processing routes, filler morphology, and multi-layer configurations affect reflection loss (RL), impedance matching, and bandwidth within the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). Hybrid and multilayer systems demonstrate synergistic effects, achieving broadband absorption exceeding 4 GHz with RL values below −40 dB, while maintaining enhanced tensile and flexural strengths at optimal filler loadings. The review further delineates fabrication methods, scaling challenges, and optimization strategies essential for practical implementation. Finally, emerging trends like multifunctional and hybrid nanofillers, lightweight foamed architectures, and surface-functionalized composites are discussed as promising pathways toward durable, scalable, and structurally integrated carbon-based RAMs for next-generation defense and aerospace platforms.
{"title":"Polymer matrix composites as radar-absorbent materials in the X-Band: A comprehensive review","authors":"Aravind Rajan Ayagara , Subramanyam Vijayasaradhi , Sai Adithya Vanga , Mayur Shriram Kannadkar , André Langlet","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in stealth technology have intensified the demand for radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) that combine superior attenuation performance with structural integrity. This review systematically examines carbon-based RAMs, specifically polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon-based nanofillers, emphasizing their dual role in enhancing electromagnetic absorption and mechanical performance. This work uniquely integrates the mechanical behavior of these materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of filler dispersion, interfacial interactions, and their influence on dielectric loss and load-bearing capabilities. Comparative analysis across multiple studies highlights how processing routes, filler morphology, and multi-layer configurations affect reflection loss (RL), impedance matching, and bandwidth within the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). Hybrid and multilayer systems demonstrate synergistic effects, achieving broadband absorption exceeding 4 GHz with RL values below −40 dB, while maintaining enhanced tensile and flexural strengths at optimal filler loadings. The review further delineates fabrication methods, scaling challenges, and optimization strategies essential for practical implementation. Finally, emerging trends like multifunctional and hybrid nanofillers, lightweight foamed architectures, and surface-functionalized composites are discussed as promising pathways toward durable, scalable, and structurally integrated carbon-based RAMs for next-generation defense and aerospace platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088
Bahia Messai , Rachid Makhloufi , Ahcen Keziz , Chaima Benbrika , Mourad Nouiri , Ali Ismael , Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics remain central to high-performance piezoelectric and dielectric technologies. In this work, (Pb1-xSrx[(Zr0.52Ti0.43)(Al0.5Sb0.5)0.05]O3 (PZT-SAS) ceramics with SrO substitution levels x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 were synthesized via the solid-state reaction route to investigate the structural, microstructural, and dielectric responses arising from coupled Sr2+, Al3+/Sb5+ amphoteric co-doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed mixed tetragonal–rhombohedral phase coexistence across all compositions. Deconvolution of the (002)T/(200)T/(202)R reflections in the 42°–47° range showed systematic evolution of phase fractions, where the tetragonal content increased from ∼38 % at x = 0.02–∼57 % at x = 0.08. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a dominant M − O vibrational band at 530.5 cm−1, characteristic of BO6 octahedral bonding in perovskites. Microstructural analysis revealed significant grain coarsening with Sr addition: average grain size increased from ∼1.8 μm (x = 0.02) to ∼4.6 μm (x = 0.08), accompanied by improved densification, where the bulk density rose from 5.26 g/cm3 to 6.12 g/cm3. Impedance spectroscopy showed typical NTCR behavior, with decreasing Z′ and Z″ across 600–700 K, and Nyquist plots exhibited single depressed semicircles indicative of non-Debye relaxation dominated by grain and grain-boundary contributions. Increasing Sr content reduced grain-boundary resistance and shifted relaxation peaks toward higher frequencies. AC conductivity followed Jonscher's power law, showing a low-frequency σdc plateau and a high-frequency dispersion region attributed to hopping conduction of localized charge carriers. These findings demonstrate that Sr/PZT-SAS ceramics offer a promising pathway for developing high-performance dielectric materials with controlled phase composition, low loss, and improved conductivity behavior.
{"title":"Strontium-induced phase transition and dielectric relaxation in PZT-AlSb ceramics","authors":"Bahia Messai , Rachid Makhloufi , Ahcen Keziz , Chaima Benbrika , Mourad Nouiri , Ali Ismael , Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics remain central to high-performance piezoelectric and dielectric technologies. In this work, (Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>[(Zr<sub>0.52</sub>Ti<sub>0.43</sub>)(Al<sub>0.5</sub>Sb<sub>0.5</sub>)<sub>0.05</sub>]O<sub>3</sub> (PZT-SAS) ceramics with SrO substitution levels x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 were synthesized via the solid-state reaction route to investigate the structural, microstructural, and dielectric responses arising from coupled Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>/Sb<sup>5+</sup> amphoteric co-doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed mixed tetragonal–rhombohedral phase coexistence across all compositions. Deconvolution of the (002)T/(200)T/(202)R reflections in the 42°–47° range showed systematic evolution of phase fractions, where the tetragonal content increased from ∼38 % at x = 0.02–∼57 % at x = 0.08. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a dominant M − O vibrational band at 530.5 cm<sup>−1</sup>, characteristic of BO<sub>6</sub> octahedral bonding in perovskites. Microstructural analysis revealed significant grain coarsening with Sr addition: average grain size increased from ∼1.8 μm (x = 0.02) to ∼4.6 μm (x = 0.08), accompanied by improved densification, where the bulk density rose from 5.26 g/cm<sup>3</sup> to 6.12 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Impedance spectroscopy showed typical NTCR behavior, with decreasing Z′ and Z″ across 600–700 K, and Nyquist plots exhibited single depressed semicircles indicative of non-Debye relaxation dominated by grain and grain-boundary contributions. Increasing Sr content reduced grain-boundary resistance and shifted relaxation peaks toward higher frequencies. AC conductivity followed Jonscher's power law, showing a low-frequency σ<sub>dc</sub> plateau and a high-frequency dispersion region attributed to hopping conduction of localized charge carriers. These findings demonstrate that Sr/PZT-SAS ceramics offer a promising pathway for developing high-performance dielectric materials with controlled phase composition, low loss, and improved conductivity behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101077
F. Malekpour , M. Hojjati
Processing and post-processing parameters critically determine the structural performance of additively manufactured parts. Poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK), a high-performance thermoplastic, offers considerable promise for aerospace applications. However, its mechanical behavior in material extrusion (MEX) remains constrained by pronounced anisotropy and weak interlayer bonding. Addressing these limitations requires understanding how printing architecture and post-processing jointly influence mechanical response. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an optimized annealing protocol, established in our previous work (210 °C for 30 min), in reducing anisotropic behavior and enhancing mechanical performance across different raster orientations and architected structures. Tensile and flexural coupons were fabricated at raster angles of 0°, ±45°, and 90° using three infill patterns (line, concentric, and mixed) and tested before and after annealing. Additionally, compressive coupons of Schwarz G and Schwarz P lattices with 40 % relative density were examined to represent structural architected geometries, tested both parallel and perpendicular to the print-layer direction. Results show that reinforcement by annealing is pattern-dependent. At the maximum reinforcement, concentric infill yielded the greatest tensile strength improvement (29.5 %), whereas the 90° raster exhibited the largest flexural strength gain (17.6 %). For structural lattices, compressive strength increased by 37.5 % in Schwarz G, while a reduction of 18.6 % was observed in Schwarz P. While annealing enhanced stiffness, strength, and thermal stability, it also introduced dimensional changes and occasional void-related defects. Overall, this study demonstrates the interplay between anisotropic printing architecture and post-processing, providing pathways to tailor PEKK components for aerospace and structural applications requiring either superior strength (annealed) or enhanced toughness (as-printed).
{"title":"Tailoring anisotropy and mechanical performance of additively manufactured PEKK through annealing and architected design","authors":"F. Malekpour , M. Hojjati","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Processing and post-processing parameters critically determine the structural performance of additively manufactured parts. Poly-ether-ketone-ketone (PEKK), a high-performance thermoplastic, offers considerable promise for aerospace applications. However, its mechanical behavior in material extrusion (MEX) remains constrained by pronounced anisotropy and weak interlayer bonding. Addressing these limitations requires understanding how printing architecture and post-processing jointly influence mechanical response. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of an optimized annealing protocol, established in our previous work (210 °C for 30 min), in reducing anisotropic behavior and enhancing mechanical performance across different raster orientations and architected structures. Tensile and flexural coupons were fabricated at raster angles of 0°, ±45°, and 90° using three infill patterns (line, concentric, and mixed) and tested before and after annealing. Additionally, compressive coupons of Schwarz G and Schwarz P lattices with 40 % relative density were examined to represent structural architected geometries, tested both parallel and perpendicular to the print-layer direction. Results show that reinforcement by annealing is pattern-dependent. At the maximum reinforcement, concentric infill yielded the greatest tensile strength improvement (29.5 %), whereas the 90° raster exhibited the largest flexural strength gain (17.6 %). For structural lattices, compressive strength increased by 37.5 % in Schwarz G, while a reduction of 18.6 % was observed in Schwarz P. While annealing enhanced stiffness, strength, and thermal stability, it also introduced dimensional changes and occasional void-related defects. Overall, this study demonstrates the interplay between anisotropic printing architecture and post-processing, providing pathways to tailor PEKK components for aerospace and structural applications requiring either superior strength (annealed) or enhanced toughness (as-printed).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101077"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082
M.I. Sayyed , Mohammad W. Marashdeh , Ashok Kumar , Sabina Yasmin
This study investigates the physical, structural, and radiation shielding properties of a B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3 glass. The density increases (3.953–4.388 g/cm3) with higher BaO and Sm2O3 content due to the incorporation of heavier elements. The molar volume shows non-linear trends attributed to competing effects of Sm3+ ion incorporation and network disruption. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed structural changes. The formation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) improves with rising Sm2O3 content. The elastic moduli decrease with Sm2O3 content. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) are investigated at energies corresponding to those emitted from Eu-152 source using Phy-X software. The MAC at 0.122 MeV was found to range from 1.179 to 1.264 cm2/g. The effective atomic number for 1 S m sample shows a high value of 46.33 at 0.122 MeV. The half value layer for 1 S m sample is 0.149 cm at 0.122 MeV. Among the prepared glasses, the glass with the composition 11PbO2-25BaO-10CaO-50B2O3-4Sm2O3 exhibited the highest MAC.
本研究考察了B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3玻璃的物理、结构和辐射屏蔽性能。随着BaO和Sm2O3含量的增加，合金密度增大（3.953 ~ 4.388 g/cm3）。由于Sm3+离子掺入和网络破坏的竞争作用，摩尔体积呈现非线性趋势。FTIR光谱显示了结构变化。随着Sm2O3含量的增加，非桥氧（NBO）的生成增多。弹性模量随Sm2O3含量的增加而减小。利用Phy-X软件研究了与eu152源发射能量对应的质量衰减系数（MAC）。0.122 MeV时的MAC值为1.179 ~ 1.264 cm2/g。在0.122 MeV下，1 S m样品的有效原子序数达到46.33。在0.122 MeV下，1 S m样品的半值层为0.149 cm。在所制备的玻璃中，组分为11PbO2-25BaO-10CaO-50B2O3-4Sm2O3的玻璃的MAC值最高。
{"title":"Tailoring the structural and functional properties of B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3 glass system for potential radiation shielding applications","authors":"M.I. Sayyed , Mohammad W. Marashdeh , Ashok Kumar , Sabina Yasmin","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the physical, structural, and radiation shielding properties of a B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-PbO<sub>2</sub>-BaO-CaO-Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glass. The density increases (3.953–4.388 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) with higher BaO and Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content due to the incorporation of heavier elements. The molar volume shows non-linear trends attributed to competing effects of Sm<sup>3+</sup> ion incorporation and network disruption. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed structural changes. The formation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) improves with rising Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. The elastic moduli decrease with Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) are investigated at energies corresponding to those emitted from Eu-152 source using Phy-X software. The MAC at 0.122 MeV was found to range from 1.179 to 1.264 cm<sup>2</sup>/g. The effective atomic number for 1 S m sample shows a high value of 46.33 at 0.122 MeV. The half value layer for 1 S m sample is 0.149 cm at 0.122 MeV. Among the prepared glasses, the glass with the composition 11PbO<sub>2</sub>-25BaO-10CaO-50B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-4Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibited the highest MAC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091
Aida Abdoli, Vahid Sabaghi, Fatemeh Davar
Monodisperse Co1-XS nanospheres were synthesized via a solvothermal method. To enhance their stability and performance, the cobalt sulfide nanospheres were surface-modified using chitosan cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (Chi-TPP). Subsequently, doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, was loaded onto the Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms. The DOX release studies under different simulated conditions demonstrated pronounced pH-responsive behavior, with 63 % cumulative release observed in the simulated tumor microenvironment (TME) after 24 h. Kinetic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that DOX release is mainly diffusion-controlled at physiological pH but accelerated under acidic TME conditions, reflecting the pH-responsive, multiphasic behavior of the nanosystem driven by polymer swelling. The Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC values of 0.25–4 mg mL−1 for Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.) and 1–4 mg mL−1 for Escherichia coli (E. coli), and an MBC of 1 mg mL−1 for both strains, indicating their dual functional potential as drug carriers and antimicrobials. The Co1-XS@Chi-TPP@DOX nanosystem displayed low cytotoxicity toward MCF7 cells at lower concentrations, with an IC50 of approximately 300 μg mL−1, suggesting a potentially favorable therapeutic index. The nanosystem demonstrated high blood compatibility and minimal hemolytic activity, supporting a broad therapeutic window for safe and effective DOX delivery.The results demonstrate that Co1-XS-based nanocarriers can simultaneously enhance the precision and safety of cancer treatments, offering a significant stride toward more successful and less harmful chemotherapeutic strategies.
采用溶剂热法合成了单分散的Co1-XS纳米球。为了提高硫化钴纳米球的稳定性和性能，采用三聚磷酸交联壳聚糖（Chi-TPP）对硫化钴纳米球进行表面改性。随后，广泛使用的化疗药物阿霉素（DOX）被装载到Co1-XS@Chi-TPP纳米平台上。不同模拟条件下的DOX释放研究显示出明显的pH响应行为，在模拟肿瘤微环境（TME）中，24 h后的累积释放量为63%。动力学和动态光散射（DLS）分析表明，DOX在生理pH下主要受扩散控制，但在酸性TME条件下释放加速，反映了聚合物膨胀驱动的纳米系统的pH响应多相行为。Co1-XS@Chi-TPP纳米平台对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）和大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）的MIC值分别为0.25 ~ 4 mg mL - 1和1 ~ 4 mg mL - 1，两种菌株的MBC均为1 mg mL - 1，表明其作为药物载体和抗菌剂的双重功能潜力。Co1-XS@Chi-TPP@DOX纳米系统在较低浓度下对MCF7细胞表现出较低的细胞毒性，IC50约为300 μg mL−1，表明其具有潜在的良好治疗指标。纳米系统表现出高血液相容性和最小的溶血活性，为安全有效的DOX递送提供了广阔的治疗窗口。结果表明，基于co1 - xs的纳米载体可以同时提高癌症治疗的准确性和安全性，为更成功、更低危害的化疗策略提供了重要的一步。
{"title":"Development of a pH-Responsive Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatform for dual antibacterial and anticancer therapy","authors":"Aida Abdoli, Vahid Sabaghi, Fatemeh Davar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monodisperse Co<sub>1-X</sub>S nanospheres were synthesized via a solvothermal method. To enhance their stability and performance, the cobalt sulfide nanospheres were surface-modified using chitosan cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (Chi-TPP). Subsequently, doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, was loaded onto the Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms. The DOX release studies under different simulated conditions demonstrated pronounced pH-responsive behavior, with 63 % cumulative release observed in the simulated tumor microenvironment (TME) after 24 h. Kinetic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that DOX release is mainly diffusion-controlled at physiological pH but accelerated under acidic TME conditions, reflecting the pH-responsive, multiphasic behavior of the nanosystem driven by polymer swelling. The Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC values of 0.25–4 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <em>Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.)</em> and 1–4 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em>, and an MBC of 1 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for both strains, indicating their dual functional potential as drug carriers and antimicrobials. The Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP@DOX nanosystem displayed low cytotoxicity toward MCF7 cells at lower concentrations, with an IC<sub>50</sub> of approximately 300 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>, suggesting a potentially favorable therapeutic index. The nanosystem demonstrated high blood compatibility and minimal hemolytic activity, supporting a broad therapeutic window for safe and effective DOX delivery.The results demonstrate that Co<sub>1-X</sub>S-based nanocarriers can simultaneously enhance the precision and safety of cancer treatments, offering a significant stride toward more successful and less harmful chemotherapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096
R. Balaji , Pandurangan Mohan , S. Vinoth , Muhammad Hadi , I.M. Ashraf , Khursheed B. Ansari , Mohd Taukeer Khan , Sambasivam Sangaraju , Mohd Shkir
This study investigates the gas-sensing performance of thin films doped with varying Er concentrations (0–5 wt.%) synthesized via nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of anatase TiO2, with crystallite size increasing to 45 nm for the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) film. FESEM analysis revealed uniformly distributed spherical grains, with the largest particle size also observed at 4 wt% Er. Optical transmittance measurements showed high transparency of ∼80 % in the visible region, while the optical bandgap varied from 3.43 to 3.59 eV, reaching its maximum for the 4 wt% Er-doped film. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited enhanced emission intensity at 4 wt%, indicating increased oxygen vacancies and higher recombination rates of photoinduced carriers. Gas sensing studies demonstrated a significant improvement in NH3 detection at room temperature, with the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) film achieving a peak response of 70 at 250 ppm, along with rapid response and recovery times of 3 s and 6.3 s, respectively. These results highlight the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) thin film as an efficient and stable NH3 sensor, emphasizing the effectiveness of rare-earth doping for enhancing metal oxide gas sensor performance.
{"title":"Fascinating opto-gas sensors development based on Ti1−xErxO2 thin films for environmental and optoelectronic devices","authors":"R. Balaji , Pandurangan Mohan , S. Vinoth , Muhammad Hadi , I.M. Ashraf , Khursheed B. Ansari , Mohd Taukeer Khan , Sambasivam Sangaraju , Mohd Shkir","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the gas-sensing performance of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> thin films doped with varying Er concentrations (0–5 wt.%) synthesized via nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>, with crystallite size increasing to 45 nm for the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) film. FESEM analysis revealed uniformly distributed spherical grains, with the largest particle size also observed at 4 wt% Er. Optical transmittance measurements showed high transparency of ∼80 % in the visible region, while the optical bandgap varied from 3.43 to 3.59 eV, reaching its maximum for the 4 wt% Er-doped film. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited enhanced emission intensity at 4 wt%, indicating increased oxygen vacancies and higher recombination rates of photoinduced carriers. Gas sensing studies demonstrated a significant improvement in NH<sub>3</sub> detection at room temperature, with the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) film achieving a peak response of 70 at 250 ppm, along with rapid response and recovery times of 3 s and 6.3 s, respectively. These results highlight the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) thin film as an efficient and stable NH<sub>3</sub> sensor, emphasizing the effectiveness of rare-earth doping for enhancing metal oxide gas sensor performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101096"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101113
Sheng-Jung Tsou , Pei-Jung Chang , Chung-Kwei Lin , Ruey-Bin Yang , Artur Małolepszy , Yuh-Jing Chiou
Wireless technology has facilitated world development and innovation, yet overutilization has led to interference, disruption, and safety concerns in microwave applications. The high electromagnetic wave dissipation capability of a lightweight absorber highlights its strong potential for advanced absorption applications. In the present study, the bud-like BaTiO3/CNTs (BTO/CNTs) as absorbing materials were synthesized by a sol-gel method. The characteristics of BTO/CNT hybrid powders were investigated through a series of examinations, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, etc. The electromagnetic properties were revealed by filling 10 wt% absorbing hybrid powder in epoxy resin as an absorbing composite. The best BTO content was screened by their absorption performance in various amounts from 10 to 70 wt%. The 10BTO/CNT (i.e., 10 wt% of BaTiO3 contained) exhibited the best absorption performance, due to the good impedance matching and the strong attenuation. The 10BTO/CNT composite exhibits superior reflection loss of −39.3 dB with a thickness of 2.2 mm at 11.52 GHz, and an effective maximum absorption bandwidth (EMAB) of 5.04 GHz at 1.6 mm. Furthermore, the 10BTO/CNT composite was used as an absorbing layer in combination with an air spacer to investigate the optimal composite and spacer thickness (ds) for enhanced absorption performance. An optimized absorbing layer thickness of 1.8 mm, combined with a spacer thickness of 0.25 mm, results in a reflection loss of −56.1 dB at 12.96 GHz. A significantly boosted absorption was achieved by introducing the optimized ds with 10BTO/CNT absorbing composite.
{"title":"Facile synthesis of bud-like BaTiO3/CNT composite as a high-performance microwave absorber: Significantly boosted by a tunable spacer","authors":"Sheng-Jung Tsou , Pei-Jung Chang , Chung-Kwei Lin , Ruey-Bin Yang , Artur Małolepszy , Yuh-Jing Chiou","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wireless technology has facilitated world development and innovation, yet overutilization has led to interference, disruption, and safety concerns in microwave applications. The high electromagnetic wave dissipation capability of a lightweight absorber highlights its strong potential for advanced absorption applications. In the present study, the bud-like BaTiO<sub>3</sub>/CNTs (BTO/CNTs) as absorbing materials were synthesized by a sol-gel method. The characteristics of BTO/CNT hybrid powders were investigated through a series of examinations, including scanning and transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, etc. The electromagnetic properties were revealed by filling 10 wt% absorbing hybrid powder in epoxy resin as an absorbing composite. The best BTO content was screened by their absorption performance in various amounts from 10 to 70 wt%. The 10BTO/CNT (i.e., 10 wt% of BaTiO<sub>3</sub> contained) exhibited the best absorption performance, due to the good impedance matching and the strong attenuation. The 10BTO/CNT composite exhibits superior reflection loss of −39.3 dB with a thickness of 2.2 mm at 11.52 GHz, and an effective maximum absorption bandwidth (EMAB) of 5.04 GHz at 1.6 mm. Furthermore, the 10BTO/CNT composite was used as an absorbing layer in combination with an air spacer to investigate the optimal composite and spacer thickness (d<sub>s</sub>) for enhanced absorption performance. An optimized absorbing layer thickness of 1.8 mm, combined with a spacer thickness of 0.25 mm, results in a reflection loss of −56.1 dB at 12.96 GHz. A significantly boosted absorption was achieved by introducing the optimized d<sub>s</sub> with 10BTO/CNT absorbing composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101113"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101105
Deqing Luo , Lingrong Zeng , Baohui Xiao , Hui Yu , Qian Tan , Ren Xu , Ge Yang
Additive manufacturing of biodegradable metals enables patient-specific orthopedic implants that can resorb in vivo and avoid removal surgery. Among candidates, Zn–Mg alloys balance Zn's limited bioactivity with Mg's rapid corrosion. The enhanced osteogenesis has been demonstrated through the additive manufacturing of Zn-Mg alloy scaffolds. However, the effects of processing parameters (laser power and scanning rates) on microstructures, mechanical properties, degradation, and osteogenesis are not systematically investigated. Here we fabricate Zn–3Mg alloys by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Porosities of additively manufactured Zn-Mg alloys are decreased, achieving high yield strength (compression) over 600 MPa at a 70 W laser power and a 600 mm s−1 scanning rate. Corrosion rates are reduced to ∼0.1 μm day−1 by forming dense degradation products on the surface of Zn-Mg alloys. In vitro and in vivo studies show markedly improved bone regeneration compared with bioinert Ti. This benefit correlates with reduced release of Zn2+ and Mg2+, enhancing cytocompatibility and promoting osteogenic differentiation. These results clarify processing parameters–microstructures–properties–biology relationships in biodegradable Zn-based alloys and provide guidance for engineering next-generation orthopedic implants.
生物可降解金属的增材制造使患者特定的骨科植入物能够在体内吸收，避免切除手术。在候选合金中，锌-镁合金平衡了锌有限的生物活性和镁的快速腐蚀。通过增材制造锌镁合金支架，已经证明了增强的成骨作用。然而，加工参数（激光功率和扫描速率）对微观结构、机械性能、降解和成骨的影响并没有系统的研究。本文采用激光粉末床熔合法制备了Zn-3Mg合金。增材制造的Zn-Mg合金孔隙率降低，在70 W激光功率和600 mm s−1扫描速率下获得600 MPa以上的高屈服强度（压缩）。通过在Zn-Mg合金表面形成致密的降解产物，腐蚀速率降至~ 0.1 μm day−1。体外和体内研究表明，与生物惰性钛相比，骨再生明显改善。这种益处与减少Zn2+和Mg2+的释放，增强细胞相容性和促进成骨分化有关。这些结果阐明了生物可降解锌基合金的加工参数-微观结构-性能-生物学关系，并为下一代骨科植入物的工程设计提供指导。
{"title":"Additively manufactured Zn–Mg alloys as orthopedic implants: effects of laser power and scanning rates","authors":"Deqing Luo , Lingrong Zeng , Baohui Xiao , Hui Yu , Qian Tan , Ren Xu , Ge Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Additive manufacturing of biodegradable metals enables patient-specific orthopedic implants that can resorb in vivo and avoid removal surgery. Among candidates, Zn–Mg alloys balance Zn's limited bioactivity with Mg's rapid corrosion. The enhanced osteogenesis has been demonstrated through the additive manufacturing of Zn-Mg alloy scaffolds. However, the effects of processing parameters (laser power and scanning rates) on microstructures, mechanical properties, degradation, and osteogenesis are not systematically investigated. Here we fabricate Zn–3Mg alloys by laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF). Porosities of additively manufactured Zn-Mg alloys are decreased, achieving high yield strength (compression) over 600 MPa at a 70 W laser power and a 600 mm s<sup>−1</sup> scanning rate. Corrosion rates are reduced to ∼0.1 μm day<sup>−1</sup> by forming dense degradation products on the surface of Zn-Mg alloys. In vitro and in vivo studies show markedly improved bone regeneration compared with bioinert Ti. This benefit correlates with reduced release of Zn<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>, enhancing cytocompatibility and promoting osteogenic differentiation. These results clarify processing parameters–microstructures–properties–biology relationships in biodegradable Zn-based alloys and provide guidance for engineering next-generation orthopedic implants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101105"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146188151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study developed poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based ultrafiltration membranes enhanced with amino-functionalized MIL-101–NH2 (Al/Cr) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) using the phase inversion method. The membranes were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. The incorporation of MOFs significantly improved membrane hydrophilicity, porosity (up to ∼85 %), and water uptake (nearly 80 %), with the M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) composites showing the optimal performance balance. Incorporation of MIL-101–NH2 noticeably improved membrane performance by increasing porosity to around 85 % and water uptake to nearly 80 %. Among the fabricated membranes, M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) showed the most favorable balance between pore structure and hydrophilicity. As a result, these optimized membranes demonstrated a marked enhancement in pure water flux, reaching about 534.7 L m−2 h−1 for M2 (Cr) and 526.2 L m−2 h−1 for M2 (Al), compared with only 276.7 L m−2 h−1 for the pristine PVC membrane. Performance tests indicated that introducing hydrophilic –NH2 groups and interconnected pores significantly improved pure water flux compared to pristine PVC. The optimized membranes exhibited effective removal of humic acid (≈70–80 %), methyl orange (≈29 %), and methylene blue (≈47 %) due to the combined effects of size exclusion and electrostatic interactions. They also demonstrated enhanced antifouling behavior, with flux recovery ratios (FRR) of approximately 51–52 % for the best-performing membranes, indicating improved cleaning efficiency relative to pristine PVC. Antibacterial evaluation using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method revealed that MIL-101–NH2(Al) membranes displayed broader antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and S. enteritidis, whereas MIL-101–NH2(Cr) showed selective activity mainly against E. coli and B. subtilis.
本研究采用相转化方法制备了氨基功能化MIL-101-NH2 （Al/Cr）金属有机骨架（mof）增强聚氯乙烯（PVC）基超滤膜。通过红外光谱（FTIR）、扫描电镜（SEM）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和接触角测量对膜进行了表征。mof的掺入显著提高了膜的亲水性、孔隙率（高达~ 85%）和吸水性（近80%），其中M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）复合材料表现出最佳的性能平衡。MIL-101-NH2的掺入显著改善了膜的性能，将孔隙率提高到85%左右，吸水性提高到近80%。在制备的膜中，M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）在孔隙结构和亲水性之间表现出最有利的平衡。结果表明，优化膜的纯水通量显著提高，M2 （Cr）和M2 （Al）分别达到534.7 L m−2 h−1和526.2 L m−2 h−1，而原始PVC膜的纯水通量仅为276.7 L m−2 h−1。性能测试表明，与原始PVC相比，引入亲水性-NH2基团和相互连接的孔显着提高了纯水通量。由于尺寸排斥和静电相互作用的共同作用，优化后的膜对腐植酸（≈70 - 80%）、甲基橙（≈29%）和亚甲基蓝（≈47%）的去除率达到了较高的水平。它们还显示出增强的防污性能，最佳膜的通量回收率（FRR）约为51 - 52%，表明相对于原始PVC，清洁效率有所提高。采用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散法对MIL-101-NH2 （Al）膜进行抑菌评价，结果表明MIL-101-NH2 （Cr）膜对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和肠炎链球菌具有较强的抗菌活性，而MIL-101-NH2 （Cr）膜主要对大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌具有选择性抗菌活性。
{"title":"Engineered PVC ultrafiltration membranes with amine-functionalized MOFs for water treatment: A comparative study on dye removal and antibacterial performance","authors":"Amir Hossein Hamzeh , Shefa Mirani Nezhad , Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare , Jafar Mahmoudi , Hassan Karimi-Maleh","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study developed poly(vinyl chloride)(PVC)-based ultrafiltration membranes enhanced with amino-functionalized MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub> (Al/Cr) metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) using the phase inversion method. The membranes were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, and contact angle measurements. The incorporation of MOFs significantly improved membrane hydrophilicity, porosity (up to ∼85 %), and water uptake (nearly 80 %), with the M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) composites showing the optimal performance balance. Incorporation of MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub> noticeably improved membrane performance by increasing porosity to around 85 % and water uptake to nearly 80 %. Among the fabricated membranes, M2 (Cr) and M2 (Al) showed the most favorable balance between pore structure and hydrophilicity. As a result, these optimized membranes demonstrated a marked enhancement in pure water flux, reaching about 534.7 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for M2 (Cr) and 526.2 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for M2 (Al), compared with only 276.7 L m<sup>−2</sup> h<sup>−1</sup> for the pristine PVC membrane. Performance tests indicated that introducing hydrophilic –NH<sub>2</sub> groups and interconnected pores significantly improved pure water flux compared to pristine PVC. The optimized membranes exhibited effective removal of humic acid (≈70–80 %), methyl orange (≈29 %), and methylene blue (≈47 %) due to the combined effects of size exclusion and electrostatic interactions. They also demonstrated enhanced antifouling behavior, with flux recovery ratios (FRR) of approximately 51–52 % for the best-performing membranes, indicating improved cleaning efficiency relative to pristine PVC. Antibacterial evaluation using the Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method revealed that MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub>(Al) membranes displayed broader antibacterial activity against <em>E. coli</em>, <em>S. aureus</em>, and <em>S. enteritidis</em>, whereas MIL-101–NH<sub>2</sub>(Cr) showed selective activity mainly against <em>E. coli</em> and <em>B. subtilis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101102"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-01Epub Date: 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099
Huan Xie , Shaoyun Chen , Bo Qu , Xiaoying Liu , Wenjie Li , Rui Wang , Linxi Hou , Dongxian Zhuo
In recent years, light-curing 3D printing technology has been extensively adopted across various fields due to its advantages, including high precision and efficiency. As the key material in this technology, the properties of photosensitive resin directly influence the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and functional characteristics of the printed parts. Bismaleimide (BMI) resin exhibits excellent heat resistance, dielectric properties, and mechanical strength. However, its inherent brittleness and poor processability have limited its application in 3D printing. To address these challenges, this study synthesized a BAG oligomer containing flexible siloxane segments and photosensitive groups via a Michael addition reaction. This oligomer was incorporated into a photosensitive resin system to develop a novel BMI resin tailored for light-curing 3D printing. The effects of varying BAG content on the resin's rheological behavior, 3D printing compatibility, mechanical performance, thermal stability, dynamic thermomechanical properties, water absorption, and dielectric characteristics were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that at a BAG oligomer content of 10 wt%, the resin achieved optimal overall performance, with tensile strength and flexural strength reaching 56.9 MPa and 148.8 MPa, respectively. Additionally, impact strength increased continuously with higher BAG content, peaking at 11.5 kJ/m2. The maximum decomposition temperature (Tmax) rose to 421.4 °C, accompanied by a notable increase in char residue. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated an increase in storage modulus to 1704.5 MPa and cross-linking density, although the glass transition temperature (Tg) experienced a slight decline. While the addition of BAG marginally elevated the dielectric constant (Dk), it significantly reduced dielectric loss (Df) to 0.010, underscoring favorable dielectric properties. In summary, this work develops and validates a BMI-based photosensitive resin that simultaneously meets the critical requirements for printability, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and dielectric properties, presenting a formulation with practical potential for broadening the use of BMI in light-curing 3D printing.
{"title":"Preparation of silicone- bismaleimide photosensitive resin and its application in 3D printing","authors":"Huan Xie , Shaoyun Chen , Bo Qu , Xiaoying Liu , Wenjie Li , Rui Wang , Linxi Hou , Dongxian Zhuo","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, light-curing 3D printing technology has been extensively adopted across various fields due to its advantages, including high precision and efficiency. As the key material in this technology, the properties of photosensitive resin directly influence the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and functional characteristics of the printed parts. Bismaleimide (BMI) resin exhibits excellent heat resistance, dielectric properties, and mechanical strength. However, its inherent brittleness and poor processability have limited its application in 3D printing. To address these challenges, this study synthesized a BAG oligomer containing flexible siloxane segments and photosensitive groups via a Michael addition reaction. This oligomer was incorporated into a photosensitive resin system to develop a novel BMI resin tailored for light-curing 3D printing. The effects of varying BAG content on the resin's rheological behavior, 3D printing compatibility, mechanical performance, thermal stability, dynamic thermomechanical properties, water absorption, and dielectric characteristics were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that at a BAG oligomer content of 10 wt%, the resin achieved optimal overall performance, with tensile strength and flexural strength reaching 56.9 MPa and 148.8 MPa, respectively. Additionally, impact strength increased continuously with higher BAG content, peaking at 11.5 kJ/m<sup>2</sup>. The maximum decomposition temperature (T<sub>max)</sub> rose to 421.4 °C, accompanied by a notable increase in char residue. Dynamic mechanical analysis indicated an increase in storage modulus to 1704.5 MPa and cross-linking density, although the glass transition temperature (T<sub>g</sub>) experienced a slight decline. While the addition of BAG marginally elevated the dielectric constant (D<sub>k</sub>), it significantly reduced dielectric loss (D<sub>f</sub>) to 0.010, underscoring favorable dielectric properties. In summary, this work develops and validates a BMI-based photosensitive resin that simultaneously meets the critical requirements for printability, mechanical performance, thermal stability, and dielectric properties, presenting a formulation with practical potential for broadening the use of BMI in light-curing 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101099"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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