Pub Date : 2026-01-02DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096
R. Balaji , Pandurangan Mohan , S. Vinoth , Muhammad Hadi , I.M. Ashraf , Khursheed B. Ansari , Mohd Taukeer Khan , Sambasivam Sangaraju , Mohd Shkir
This study investigates the gas-sensing performance of thin films doped with varying Er concentrations (0–5 wt.%) synthesized via nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of anatase TiO2, with crystallite size increasing to 45 nm for the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) film. FESEM analysis revealed uniformly distributed spherical grains, with the largest particle size also observed at 4 wt% Er. Optical transmittance measurements showed high transparency of ∼80 % in the visible region, while the optical bandgap varied from 3.43 to 3.59 eV, reaching its maximum for the 4 wt% Er-doped film. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited enhanced emission intensity at 4 wt%, indicating increased oxygen vacancies and higher recombination rates of photoinduced carriers. Gas sensing studies demonstrated a significant improvement in NH3 detection at room temperature, with the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) film achieving a peak response of 70 at 250 ppm, along with rapid response and recovery times of 3 s and 6.3 s, respectively. These results highlight the TiO2:Er (4 wt%) thin film as an efficient and stable NH3 sensor, emphasizing the effectiveness of rare-earth doping for enhancing metal oxide gas sensor performance.
{"title":"Fascinating opto-gas sensors development based on Ti1−xErxO2 thin films for environmental and optoelectronic devices","authors":"R. Balaji , Pandurangan Mohan , S. Vinoth , Muhammad Hadi , I.M. Ashraf , Khursheed B. Ansari , Mohd Taukeer Khan , Sambasivam Sangaraju , Mohd Shkir","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2026.101096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the gas-sensing performance of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>T</mi><mi>i</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>−</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>E</mi><mi>r</mi></mrow><mi>x</mi></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></math></span> thin films doped with varying Er concentrations (0–5 wt.%) synthesized via nebulizer spray pyrolysis (NSP) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the formation of anatase TiO<sub>2</sub>, with crystallite size increasing to 45 nm for the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) film. FESEM analysis revealed uniformly distributed spherical grains, with the largest particle size also observed at 4 wt% Er. Optical transmittance measurements showed high transparency of ∼80 % in the visible region, while the optical bandgap varied from 3.43 to 3.59 eV, reaching its maximum for the 4 wt% Er-doped film. Photoluminescence spectra exhibited enhanced emission intensity at 4 wt%, indicating increased oxygen vacancies and higher recombination rates of photoinduced carriers. Gas sensing studies demonstrated a significant improvement in NH<sub>3</sub> detection at room temperature, with the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) film achieving a peak response of 70 at 250 ppm, along with rapid response and recovery times of 3 s and 6.3 s, respectively. These results highlight the TiO<sub>2</sub>:Er (4 wt%) thin film as an efficient and stable NH<sub>3</sub> sensor, emphasizing the effectiveness of rare-earth doping for enhancing metal oxide gas sensor performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101096"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano Fe3O4 particles were prepared using iron acetylacetonate and benzyl alcohol, and Fe3O4/GO aerogel composites with mass fractions of 7.5 %, 15 %, 22.5 %, and 30 % of nano Fe3O4 particles were obtained by using the nano Fe3O4 particles with graphene oxide. The microstructures of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels were revealed through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The resistivity of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels was tested using a resistivity meter. The mechanical properties and wave-absorbing performance of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels were studied. The results indicate that, compared to pure GO aerogel, the mechanical properties of nano Fe3O4/GO composite aerogels are basically consistent, both exhibiting good compressive resilience, while the resistivity and wave-absorbing performance of the composite aerogels are significantly improved, with the maximum reflection loss of the 15.0 Fe3O4/GO aerogel reaching −66.6 dB.
{"title":"Performance study of nano Fe3O4/GO aerogel composite materials","authors":"Zhichao Guan , Aiqiang Guo , Tianpeng Li , Xinbao Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nano Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles were prepared using iron acetylacetonate and benzyl alcohol, and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO aerogel composites with mass fractions of 7.5 %, 15 %, 22.5 %, and 30 % of nano Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles were obtained by using the nano Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> particles with graphene oxide. The microstructures of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels were revealed through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The resistivity of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels was tested using a resistivity meter. The mechanical properties and wave-absorbing performance of pure GO aerogel and composite aerogels were studied. The results indicate that, compared to pure GO aerogel, the mechanical properties of nano Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO composite aerogels are basically consistent, both exhibiting good compressive resilience, while the resistivity and wave-absorbing performance of the composite aerogels are significantly improved, with the maximum reflection loss of the 15.0 Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/GO aerogel reaching −66.6 dB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101090"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091
Aida Abdoli, Vahid Sabaghi, Fatemeh Davar
Monodisperse Co1-XS nanospheres were synthesized via a solvothermal method. To enhance their stability and performance, the cobalt sulfide nanospheres were surface-modified using chitosan cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (Chi-TPP). Subsequently, doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, was loaded onto the Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms. The DOX release studies under different simulated conditions demonstrated pronounced pH-responsive behavior, with 63 % cumulative release observed in the simulated tumor microenvironment (TME) after 24 h. Kinetic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that DOX release is mainly diffusion-controlled at physiological pH but accelerated under acidic TME conditions, reflecting the pH-responsive, multiphasic behavior of the nanosystem driven by polymer swelling. The Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC values of 0.25–4 mg mL−1 for Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.) and 1–4 mg mL−1 for Escherichia coli (E. coli), and an MBC of 1 mg mL−1 for both strains, indicating their dual functional potential as drug carriers and antimicrobials. The Co1-XS@Chi-TPP@DOX nanosystem displayed low cytotoxicity toward MCF7 cells at lower concentrations, with an IC50 of approximately 300 μg mL−1, suggesting a potentially favorable therapeutic index. The nanosystem demonstrated high blood compatibility and minimal hemolytic activity, supporting a broad therapeutic window for safe and effective DOX delivery.The results demonstrate that Co1-XS-based nanocarriers can simultaneously enhance the precision and safety of cancer treatments, offering a significant stride toward more successful and less harmful chemotherapeutic strategies.
采用溶剂热法合成了单分散的Co1-XS纳米球。为了提高硫化钴纳米球的稳定性和性能，采用三聚磷酸交联壳聚糖（Chi-TPP）对硫化钴纳米球进行表面改性。随后，广泛使用的化疗药物阿霉素（DOX）被装载到Co1-XS@Chi-TPP纳米平台上。不同模拟条件下的DOX释放研究显示出明显的pH响应行为，在模拟肿瘤微环境（TME）中，24 h后的累积释放量为63%。动力学和动态光散射（DLS）分析表明，DOX在生理pH下主要受扩散控制，但在酸性TME条件下释放加速，反映了聚合物膨胀驱动的纳米系统的pH响应多相行为。Co1-XS@Chi-TPP纳米平台对金黄色葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus aureus）和大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）的MIC值分别为0.25 ~ 4 mg mL - 1和1 ~ 4 mg mL - 1，两种菌株的MBC均为1 mg mL - 1，表明其作为药物载体和抗菌剂的双重功能潜力。Co1-XS@Chi-TPP@DOX纳米系统在较低浓度下对MCF7细胞表现出较低的细胞毒性，IC50约为300 μg mL−1，表明其具有潜在的良好治疗指标。纳米系统表现出高血液相容性和最小的溶血活性，为安全有效的DOX递送提供了广阔的治疗窗口。结果表明，基于co1 - xs的纳米载体可以同时提高癌症治疗的准确性和安全性，为更成功、更低危害的化疗策略提供了重要的一步。
{"title":"Development of a pH-Responsive Co1-XS@Chi-TPP nanoplatform for dual antibacterial and anticancer therapy","authors":"Aida Abdoli, Vahid Sabaghi, Fatemeh Davar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monodisperse Co<sub>1-X</sub>S nanospheres were synthesized via a solvothermal method. To enhance their stability and performance, the cobalt sulfide nanospheres were surface-modified using chitosan cross-linked with tripolyphosphate (Chi-TPP). Subsequently, doxorubicin (DOX), a widely used chemotherapeutic drug, was loaded onto the Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms. The DOX release studies under different simulated conditions demonstrated pronounced pH-responsive behavior, with 63 % cumulative release observed in the simulated tumor microenvironment (TME) after 24 h. Kinetic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses revealed that DOX release is mainly diffusion-controlled at physiological pH but accelerated under acidic TME conditions, reflecting the pH-responsive, multiphasic behavior of the nanosystem driven by polymer swelling. The Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP nanoplatforms exhibited antibacterial activity with MIC values of 0.25–4 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <em>Staphylococcus aureus (Staph.)</em> and 1–4 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for <em>Escherichia coli (E. coli)</em>, and an MBC of 1 mg mL<sup>−1</sup> for both strains, indicating their dual functional potential as drug carriers and antimicrobials. The Co<sub>1-X</sub>S@Chi-TPP@DOX nanosystem displayed low cytotoxicity toward MCF7 cells at lower concentrations, with an IC<sub>50</sub> of approximately 300 μg mL<sup>−1</sup>, suggesting a potentially favorable therapeutic index. The nanosystem demonstrated high blood compatibility and minimal hemolytic activity, supporting a broad therapeutic window for safe and effective DOX delivery.The results demonstrate that Co<sub>1-X</sub>S-based nanocarriers can simultaneously enhance the precision and safety of cancer treatments, offering a significant stride toward more successful and less harmful chemotherapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101091"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101095
Jianlei Chen , Tianruo Zhang , Yun Zhou , Yong Xu
In this study, a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of nitrofurazone (NFZ) in seawater using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite of MXene and graphene (Gr). The synergistic effect of MXene and Gr significantly enhanced the electron transfer rate and active surface area of the electrode. Key parameters, including modifier volume, activation cycles, and solution pH, were optimized to achieve optimal sensor performance. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited a wide linear detection range from 1 to 70 μmol/L. The sensor also demonstrated excellent repeatability, stability, and selectivity against common antibiotic interferents. When applied to spiked seawater samples, recovery rates ranged from 96.01 % to 102.16 % with a relative standard deviation below 1.3 %. The MXene–Gr-based sensor not only provides a reliable tool for on-site monitoring of antibiotic residues in marine environments but also demonstrates the great potential of MXene-based composites in the development of advanced electrochemical biosensing platforms for environmental and food safety applications.
{"title":"Electrochemical sensor based on MXene-Gr for highly sensitive detection of nitrofurazone in seawater","authors":"Jianlei Chen , Tianruo Zhang , Yun Zhou , Yong Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of nitrofurazone (NFZ) in seawater using a glassy carbon electrode modified with a nanocomposite of MXene and graphene (Gr). The synergistic effect of MXene and Gr significantly enhanced the electron transfer rate and active surface area of the electrode. Key parameters, including modifier volume, activation cycles, and solution pH, were optimized to achieve optimal sensor performance. Under the optimized conditions, the sensor exhibited a wide linear detection range from 1 to 70 μmol/L. The sensor also demonstrated excellent repeatability, stability, and selectivity against common antibiotic interferents. When applied to spiked seawater samples, recovery rates ranged from 96.01 % to 102.16 % with a relative standard deviation below 1.3 %. The MXene–Gr-based sensor not only provides a reliable tool for on-site monitoring of antibiotic residues in marine environments but also demonstrates the great potential of MXene-based composites in the development of advanced electrochemical biosensing platforms for environmental and food safety applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101095"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101094
Fazliyana ‘Izzati Za'abar , Camellia Doroody , Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan , Ahmad Wafi Mahmood Zuhdi , Mohd Shaparuddin Bahrudin , Hua Ye , Zheng-Jie Feng , Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar
Chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se2 or CIGSe solar cells (SCs) have demonstrated significant potential in thin film (TF) photovoltaic technologies, achieving record solar cell efficiencies of 23.6 % and commercial solar modules with efficiencies of 19.2 %. Despite these high-efficiency levels, the full potential of CIGSe-based PV technology has not yet been realized, as it is limited by losses related to optics, parasitics, and recombination. This work examines the effects of heat treatment on the electrical and microstructural properties of Mo TFs sputtered by DC, which are crucial as the back-contact layer in CIGSe SCs. Substrate heating and in-situ annealing are suggested during the DC sputtering of Mo TFs, and the results demonstrate a significant improvement in TF crystallinity, minimisation of microstrain, and decreased dislocation density, particularly in the (110) crystal orientation, which enhances electrical resistivity. In contrast to predicted behaviour, films annealed at 500 °C showed unexpectedly lengthy, fibrous grain structures with porosity. Findings here emphasize the significance of heat during and after the deposition process to improve the Mo film microstructure, which influences the electrical performance and interfacial properties of the back-contact layer in CIGSe SCs. Optimizing the microstructural growth of Mo films is essential to raising the stability and efficiency of CIGSE-based solar systems.
{"title":"Role of in-situ substrate heating and selenium-free annealing on the growth of MoSe2 interlayer in sputtered Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells","authors":"Fazliyana ‘Izzati Za'abar , Camellia Doroody , Puvaneswaran Chelvanathan , Ahmad Wafi Mahmood Zuhdi , Mohd Shaparuddin Bahrudin , Hua Ye , Zheng-Jie Feng , Mohd Hadri Hafiz Mokhtar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chalcopyrite Cu(In,Ga)Se<sub>2</sub> or CIGSe solar cells (SCs) have demonstrated significant potential in thin film (TF) photovoltaic technologies, achieving record solar cell efficiencies of 23.6 % and commercial solar modules with efficiencies of 19.2 %. Despite these high-efficiency levels, the full potential of CIGSe-based PV technology has not yet been realized, as it is limited by losses related to optics, parasitics, and recombination. This work examines the effects of heat treatment on the electrical and microstructural properties of Mo TFs sputtered by DC, which are crucial as the back-contact layer in CIGSe SCs. Substrate heating and in-situ annealing are suggested during the DC sputtering of Mo TFs, and the results demonstrate a significant improvement in TF crystallinity, minimisation of microstrain, and decreased dislocation density, particularly in the (110) crystal orientation, which enhances electrical resistivity. In contrast to predicted behaviour, films annealed at 500 °C showed unexpectedly lengthy, fibrous grain structures with porosity. Findings here emphasize the significance of heat during and after the deposition process to improve the Mo film microstructure, which influences the electrical performance and interfacial properties of the back-contact layer in CIGSe SCs. Optimizing the microstructural growth of Mo films is essential to raising the stability and efficiency of CIGSE-based solar systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101094"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145881048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101089
Xuening Jiang , Xinyu Zhu , Yige He , Xin Wang , Yu Gu , Qingzheng Wang , Lixia Yang , YuanJia Cao , Jiale Liang , Chaofeng Sang , Lei Jiang
MXene is a promising electrode material for micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), but its tendency to stack layers hinders electrolyte ion accessibility and impairs charge storage performance. We address this through ice-bath sonication of Ti3C2Tx MXene dispersion, creating a microstructure with expanded interlayer spacing, increased porosity, reduced dimensions with enhanced interface density and active areas, while preserving high electrical conductivity. The resulting MXene-MSC demonstrates superior charge storage performance over its pristine counterpart: 61.3 % higher capacitance (91.8 mF/cm2 at 5 mV/s), 1.5 times improved rate performance, and 4.2-fold higher energy density, without sacrificing long-term cycling stability. The mechanistic origin of the performance improvement was revealed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, which demonstrated significantly enhanced ionic diffusion kinetics and faster frequency response. These enhancements are directly ascribed to sonication-induced favorable microstructural features in MXene electrodes, which improve electrolyte accessibility and create optimized ion transport pathways with reduced length and increased efficiency. This work offers new insights into balancing electrical conductivity and ion transportation for high-performance supercapacitors.
{"title":"Sonication-induced microstructural modification of MXene for enhanced supercapacitor performance: Electrochemical characterization and mechanistic insights","authors":"Xuening Jiang , Xinyu Zhu , Yige He , Xin Wang , Yu Gu , Qingzheng Wang , Lixia Yang , YuanJia Cao , Jiale Liang , Chaofeng Sang , Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MXene is a promising electrode material for micro-supercapacitors (MSCs), but its tendency to stack layers hinders electrolyte ion accessibility and impairs charge storage performance. We address this through ice-bath sonication of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene dispersion, creating a microstructure with expanded interlayer spacing, increased porosity, reduced dimensions with enhanced interface density and active areas, while preserving high electrical conductivity. The resulting MXene-MSC demonstrates superior charge storage performance over its pristine counterpart: 61.3 % higher capacitance (91.8 mF/cm<sup>2</sup> at 5 mV/s), 1.5 times improved rate performance, and 4.2-fold higher energy density, without sacrificing long-term cycling stability. The mechanistic origin of the performance improvement was revealed via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis, which demonstrated significantly enhanced ionic diffusion kinetics and faster frequency response. These enhancements are directly ascribed to sonication-induced favorable microstructural features in MXene electrodes, which improve electrolyte accessibility and create optimized ion transport pathways with reduced length and increased efficiency. This work offers new insights into balancing electrical conductivity and ion transportation for high-performance supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088
Bahia Messai , Rachid Makhloufi , Ahcen Keziz , Chaima Benbrika , Mourad Nouiri , Ali Ismael , Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha
Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics remain central to high-performance piezoelectric and dielectric technologies. In this work, (Pb1-xSrx[(Zr0.52Ti0.43)(Al0.5Sb0.5)0.05]O3 (PZT-SAS) ceramics with SrO substitution levels x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 were synthesized via the solid-state reaction route to investigate the structural, microstructural, and dielectric responses arising from coupled Sr2+, Al3+/Sb5+ amphoteric co-doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed mixed tetragonal–rhombohedral phase coexistence across all compositions. Deconvolution of the (002)T/(200)T/(202)R reflections in the 42°–47° range showed systematic evolution of phase fractions, where the tetragonal content increased from ∼38 % at x = 0.02–∼57 % at x = 0.08. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a dominant M − O vibrational band at 530.5 cm−1, characteristic of BO6 octahedral bonding in perovskites. Microstructural analysis revealed significant grain coarsening with Sr addition: average grain size increased from ∼1.8 μm (x = 0.02) to ∼4.6 μm (x = 0.08), accompanied by improved densification, where the bulk density rose from 5.26 g/cm3 to 6.12 g/cm3. Impedance spectroscopy showed typical NTCR behavior, with decreasing Z′ and Z″ across 600–700 K, and Nyquist plots exhibited single depressed semicircles indicative of non-Debye relaxation dominated by grain and grain-boundary contributions. Increasing Sr content reduced grain-boundary resistance and shifted relaxation peaks toward higher frequencies. AC conductivity followed Jonscher's power law, showing a low-frequency σdc plateau and a high-frequency dispersion region attributed to hopping conduction of localized charge carriers. These findings demonstrate that Sr/PZT-SAS ceramics offer a promising pathway for developing high-performance dielectric materials with controlled phase composition, low loss, and improved conductivity behavior.
{"title":"Strontium-induced phase transition and dielectric relaxation in PZT-AlSb ceramics","authors":"Bahia Messai , Rachid Makhloufi , Ahcen Keziz , Chaima Benbrika , Mourad Nouiri , Ali Ismael , Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics remain central to high-performance piezoelectric and dielectric technologies. In this work, (Pb<sub>1-x</sub>Sr<sub>x</sub>[(Zr<sub>0.52</sub>Ti<sub>0.43</sub>)(Al<sub>0.5</sub>Sb<sub>0.5</sub>)<sub>0.05</sub>]O<sub>3</sub> (PZT-SAS) ceramics with SrO substitution levels x = 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08 were synthesized via the solid-state reaction route to investigate the structural, microstructural, and dielectric responses arising from coupled Sr<sup>2+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>/Sb<sup>5+</sup> amphoteric co-doping. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed mixed tetragonal–rhombohedral phase coexistence across all compositions. Deconvolution of the (002)T/(200)T/(202)R reflections in the 42°–47° range showed systematic evolution of phase fractions, where the tetragonal content increased from ∼38 % at x = 0.02–∼57 % at x = 0.08. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra exhibited a dominant M − O vibrational band at 530.5 cm<sup>−1</sup>, characteristic of BO<sub>6</sub> octahedral bonding in perovskites. Microstructural analysis revealed significant grain coarsening with Sr addition: average grain size increased from ∼1.8 μm (x = 0.02) to ∼4.6 μm (x = 0.08), accompanied by improved densification, where the bulk density rose from 5.26 g/cm<sup>3</sup> to 6.12 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. Impedance spectroscopy showed typical NTCR behavior, with decreasing Z′ and Z″ across 600–700 K, and Nyquist plots exhibited single depressed semicircles indicative of non-Debye relaxation dominated by grain and grain-boundary contributions. Increasing Sr content reduced grain-boundary resistance and shifted relaxation peaks toward higher frequencies. AC conductivity followed Jonscher's power law, showing a low-frequency σ<sub>dc</sub> plateau and a high-frequency dispersion region attributed to hopping conduction of localized charge carriers. These findings demonstrate that Sr/PZT-SAS ceramics offer a promising pathway for developing high-performance dielectric materials with controlled phase composition, low loss, and improved conductivity behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085
Aseel j. Mohammed , Wala Dizayee , Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon , Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammed Zorah , Zainab Shaker Matar Al-Husseini , Mohamed Shabbir Abdulnabi , G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan , Maadh Fawzi Nassar
Lead-free tin halide perovskites constitute a nontoxic alternative to lead-based solar absorbers, but their development is stifled by low performance and material instability, attributed primarily to Sn2+ oxidation, high levels of defects, and slow charge transfer. We demonstrate glycine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene (MXG) as a multifunctional additive in FASnI3 perovskite films. The amino groups on MXG have a two-fold role in that they chemically passivate the under-coordinated Sn sites and iodine vacancies, while at the same time providing moderate reductants to suppress Sn2+ oxidation. Aside from passivation, the MXene with layered conductive properties also acts as a favorable template for perovskite crystallization, allowing the vertical grain orientation for better light absorption into the absorber layer, improveing interfacial connection between layers and charge carrier transfer/extraction. For the MXG devices, better film quality and reduced trap state density and carrier lifetime with enhanced energy level alignment were observed. The champion MXG/FASnI3 device shows a power conversion efficiency of 15.82 % with improved stability (maintaining over 94 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h). This investigation highlights the dual electrical and structural benefits of MXene engineering toward achieving earth‐abundant, efficient, stable, and scalable Sn perovskite PVs.
{"title":"Glycine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene with improved material properties for concurrent Sn2+ oxidation mitigation and defect passivation in efficient tin halide perovskite solar cells","authors":"Aseel j. Mohammed , Wala Dizayee , Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon , Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammed Zorah , Zainab Shaker Matar Al-Husseini , Mohamed Shabbir Abdulnabi , G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan , Maadh Fawzi Nassar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead-free tin halide perovskites constitute a nontoxic alternative to lead-based solar absorbers, but their development is stifled by low performance and material instability, attributed primarily to Sn<sup>2+</sup> oxidation, high levels of defects, and slow charge transfer. We demonstrate glycine-functionalized Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene (MXG) as a multifunctional additive in FASnI<sub>3</sub> perovskite films. The amino groups on MXG have a two-fold role in that they chemically passivate the under-coordinated Sn sites and iodine vacancies, while at the same time providing moderate reductants to suppress Sn<sup>2+</sup> oxidation. Aside from passivation, the MXene with layered conductive properties also acts as a favorable template for perovskite crystallization, allowing the vertical grain orientation for better light absorption into the absorber layer, improveing interfacial connection between layers and charge carrier transfer/extraction. For the MXG devices, better film quality and reduced trap state density and carrier lifetime with enhanced energy level alignment were observed. The champion MXG/FASnI<sub>3</sub> device shows a power conversion efficiency of 15.82 % with improved stability (maintaining over 94 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h). This investigation highlights the dual electrical and structural benefits of MXene engineering toward achieving earth‐abundant, efficient, stable, and scalable Sn perovskite PVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084
Suneyana Rawat , Ram Chandra Singh , Monika Michalska , Serguei V. Savilov , Markus Diantoro , Pramod K. Singh
In the realm of green and sustainable energy use, solid electrolytes are recognized for their environmentally friendly and degradable properties. Simultaneously, significant efforts have been made to improve the ionic transport and interfacial stability of polymer electrolytes to facilitate the development of electrochemical devices. In this context, the influence of the phosphonium-based ionic liquid (PBILS), Tributylmethylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, on the polyethylene oxide polymer electrolyte and its use in electrochemical applications is investigated. The optimized polymer electrolyte formulation, combined with 20 wt % ionic liquids, exhibits an ionic conductivity of approximately 7.17 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature, along with a wide electrochemical stability window and remarkable thermal stability. The unique aspect of this work is the dual applicability of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte, which was successfully used as a common electrolyte in both dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). This dual functionality of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte demonstrates its versatility, making it an exceptional candidate for energy storage and conversion systems.
{"title":"Multifunctional phosphonium-based ionic liquid embedded polymer electrolyte for dual energy conversion and storage","authors":"Suneyana Rawat , Ram Chandra Singh , Monika Michalska , Serguei V. Savilov , Markus Diantoro , Pramod K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of green and sustainable energy use, solid electrolytes are recognized for their environmentally friendly and degradable properties. Simultaneously, significant efforts have been made to improve the ionic transport and interfacial stability of polymer electrolytes to facilitate the development of electrochemical devices. In this context, the influence of the phosphonium-based ionic liquid (PBILS), Tributylmethylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, on the polyethylene oxide polymer electrolyte and its use in electrochemical applications is investigated. The optimized polymer electrolyte formulation, combined with 20 wt % ionic liquids, exhibits an ionic conductivity of approximately 7.17 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature, along with a wide electrochemical stability window and remarkable thermal stability. The unique aspect of this work is the dual applicability of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte, which was successfully used as a common electrolyte in both dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). This dual functionality of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte demonstrates its versatility, making it an exceptional candidate for energy storage and conversion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087
Ibrahim Adamu Tasiu , Md Parvez Islam , Mayesha Khanam Prity , Nafisa Maliyat Tasniya , Dey Samar , Alam Ummey Mariya , Hongyi Zhou , Jin-Wei Gao
Utilizing the combination of electron spin and the electric field, spintronic technology has become a revolutionary way to overcome the drawbacks of traditional charge-based electronics, such as power inefficiency and performance saturation. This paper reviews recent breakthroughs in spintronics, which have achieved ultrafast switching speeds and ultra-low energy consumption in magnetic tunnel junctions. By integrating advanced materials, such as topological insulators, two-dimensional ferromagnets, and heavy metals, we found the room-temperature stabilization of skyrmions with storage densities exceeding 1Tb/in2, enabling high-density nonvolatile memory. Furthermore, a hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-spintronic architecture is discussed, which reduces power consumption by 30 % in neuromorphic computing applications while maintaining compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. Key innovations, such as optimized cobalt-iron-boron/magnesium oxide interfaces for tunneling magnetoresistance ratios exceeding 300 %, efficient spin-charge conversion in heavy metals, and voltage-controlled skyrmion devices for sub-0.1 pJ/bit operation, are also discussed. These advancements address scalability, thermal stability, and fabrication challenges, positioning spintronics as a cornerstone for next-generation memory, logic devices, and quantum computing. We also found that spintronic neuromorphic systems can achieve 20 TOP/s/w, outperforming traditional artificial intelligence accelerators. At the same time, spin qubits with 99.9 % fidelity offer a scalable pathway to quantum computing, underscoring spintronics' potential to revolutionize artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and quantum technologies, providing energy-efficient, high-performance solutions for the post-Moore era. Future efforts will focus on three-dimensional magnetic tunnel junction stacking with densities exceeding 1 Tb/mm3, and defect-tolerant materials for large-scale commercialization.
{"title":"Spintronics technology: A comprehensive review of materials, applications, and future trends","authors":"Ibrahim Adamu Tasiu , Md Parvez Islam , Mayesha Khanam Prity , Nafisa Maliyat Tasniya , Dey Samar , Alam Ummey Mariya , Hongyi Zhou , Jin-Wei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing the combination of electron spin and the electric field, spintronic technology has become a revolutionary way to overcome the drawbacks of traditional charge-based electronics, such as power inefficiency and performance saturation. This paper reviews recent breakthroughs in spintronics, which have achieved ultrafast switching speeds and ultra-low energy consumption in magnetic tunnel junctions. By integrating advanced materials, such as topological insulators, two-dimensional ferromagnets, and heavy metals, we found the room-temperature stabilization of skyrmions with storage densities exceeding 1Tb/in<sup>2</sup>, enabling high-density nonvolatile memory. Furthermore, a hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-spintronic architecture is discussed, which reduces power consumption by 30 % in neuromorphic computing applications while maintaining compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. Key innovations, such as optimized cobalt-iron-boron/magnesium oxide interfaces for tunneling magnetoresistance ratios exceeding 300 %, efficient spin-charge conversion in heavy metals, and voltage-controlled skyrmion devices for sub-0.1 pJ/bit operation, are also discussed. These advancements address scalability, thermal stability, and fabrication challenges, positioning spintronics as a cornerstone for next-generation memory, logic devices, and quantum computing. We also found that spintronic neuromorphic systems can achieve 20 <em>TOP/s/w</em>, outperforming traditional artificial intelligence accelerators. At the same time, spin qubits with 99.9 % fidelity offer a scalable pathway to quantum computing, underscoring spintronics' potential to revolutionize artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and quantum technologies, providing energy-efficient, high-performance solutions for the post-Moore era. Future efforts will focus on three-dimensional magnetic tunnel junction stacking with densities exceeding 1 Tb/mm<sup>3</sup>, and defect-tolerant materials for large-scale commercialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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