Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085
Aseel j. Mohammed , Wala Dizayee , Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon , Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammed Zorah , Zainab Shaker Matar Al-Husseini , Mohamed Shabbir Abdulnabi , G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan , Maadh Fawzi Nassar
Lead-free tin halide perovskites constitute a nontoxic alternative to lead-based solar absorbers, but their development is stifled by low performance and material instability, attributed primarily to Sn2+ oxidation, high levels of defects, and slow charge transfer. We demonstrate glycine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene (MXG) as a multifunctional additive in FASnI3 perovskite films. The amino groups on MXG have a two-fold role in that they chemically passivate the under-coordinated Sn sites and iodine vacancies, while at the same time providing moderate reductants to suppress Sn2+ oxidation. Aside from passivation, the MXene with layered conductive properties also acts as a favorable template for perovskite crystallization, allowing the vertical grain orientation for better light absorption into the absorber layer, improveing interfacial connection between layers and charge carrier transfer/extraction. For the MXG devices, better film quality and reduced trap state density and carrier lifetime with enhanced energy level alignment were observed. The champion MXG/FASnI3 device shows a power conversion efficiency of 15.82 % with improved stability (maintaining over 94 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h). This investigation highlights the dual electrical and structural benefits of MXene engineering toward achieving earth‐abundant, efficient, stable, and scalable Sn perovskite PVs.
{"title":"Glycine-functionalized Ti3C2Tx MXene with improved material properties for concurrent Sn2+ oxidation mitigation and defect passivation in efficient tin halide perovskite solar cells","authors":"Aseel j. Mohammed , Wala Dizayee , Ismail Ibrahim Marhoon , Mohammed Ahmed Mohammed , Mohammed Zorah , Zainab Shaker Matar Al-Husseini , Mohamed Shabbir Abdulnabi , G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan , Maadh Fawzi Nassar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lead-free tin halide perovskites constitute a nontoxic alternative to lead-based solar absorbers, but their development is stifled by low performance and material instability, attributed primarily to Sn<sup>2+</sup> oxidation, high levels of defects, and slow charge transfer. We demonstrate glycine-functionalized Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> MXene (MXG) as a multifunctional additive in FASnI<sub>3</sub> perovskite films. The amino groups on MXG have a two-fold role in that they chemically passivate the under-coordinated Sn sites and iodine vacancies, while at the same time providing moderate reductants to suppress Sn<sup>2+</sup> oxidation. Aside from passivation, the MXene with layered conductive properties also acts as a favorable template for perovskite crystallization, allowing the vertical grain orientation for better light absorption into the absorber layer, improveing interfacial connection between layers and charge carrier transfer/extraction. For the MXG devices, better film quality and reduced trap state density and carrier lifetime with enhanced energy level alignment were observed. The champion MXG/FASnI<sub>3</sub> device shows a power conversion efficiency of 15.82 % with improved stability (maintaining over 94 % of its initial efficiency after 1000 h). This investigation highlights the dual electrical and structural benefits of MXene engineering toward achieving earth‐abundant, efficient, stable, and scalable Sn perovskite PVs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101085"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084
Suneyana Rawat , Ram Chandra Singh , Monika Michalska , Serguei V. Savilov , Markus Diantoro , Pramod K. Singh
In the realm of green and sustainable energy use, solid electrolytes are recognized for their environmentally friendly and degradable properties. Simultaneously, significant efforts have been made to improve the ionic transport and interfacial stability of polymer electrolytes to facilitate the development of electrochemical devices. In this context, the influence of the phosphonium-based ionic liquid (PBILS), Tributylmethylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, on the polyethylene oxide polymer electrolyte and its use in electrochemical applications is investigated. The optimized polymer electrolyte formulation, combined with 20 wt % ionic liquids, exhibits an ionic conductivity of approximately 7.17 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature, along with a wide electrochemical stability window and remarkable thermal stability. The unique aspect of this work is the dual applicability of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte, which was successfully used as a common electrolyte in both dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). This dual functionality of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte demonstrates its versatility, making it an exceptional candidate for energy storage and conversion systems.
{"title":"Multifunctional phosphonium-based ionic liquid embedded polymer electrolyte for dual energy conversion and storage","authors":"Suneyana Rawat , Ram Chandra Singh , Monika Michalska , Serguei V. Savilov , Markus Diantoro , Pramod K. Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of green and sustainable energy use, solid electrolytes are recognized for their environmentally friendly and degradable properties. Simultaneously, significant efforts have been made to improve the ionic transport and interfacial stability of polymer electrolytes to facilitate the development of electrochemical devices. In this context, the influence of the phosphonium-based ionic liquid (PBILS), Tributylmethylphosphonium bis(trifluoromethane sulfonyl)imide, on the polyethylene oxide polymer electrolyte and its use in electrochemical applications is investigated. The optimized polymer electrolyte formulation, combined with 20 wt % ionic liquids, exhibits an ionic conductivity of approximately 7.17 × 10−4 S/cm at room temperature, along with a wide electrochemical stability window and remarkable thermal stability. The unique aspect of this work is the dual applicability of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte, which was successfully used as a common electrolyte in both dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs). This dual functionality of the PBIL-based polymer electrolyte demonstrates its versatility, making it an exceptional candidate for energy storage and conversion systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101084"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087
Ibrahim Adamu Tasiu , Md Parvez Islam , Mayesha Khanam Prity , Nafisa Maliyat Tasniya , Dey Samar , Alam Ummey Mariya , Hongyi Zhou , Jin-Wei Gao
Utilizing the combination of electron spin and the electric field, spintronic technology has become a revolutionary way to overcome the drawbacks of traditional charge-based electronics, such as power inefficiency and performance saturation. This paper reviews recent breakthroughs in spintronics, which have achieved ultrafast switching speeds and ultra-low energy consumption in magnetic tunnel junctions. By integrating advanced materials, such as topological insulators, two-dimensional ferromagnets, and heavy metals, we found the room-temperature stabilization of skyrmions with storage densities exceeding 1Tb/in2, enabling high-density nonvolatile memory. Furthermore, a hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-spintronic architecture is discussed, which reduces power consumption by 30 % in neuromorphic computing applications while maintaining compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. Key innovations, such as optimized cobalt-iron-boron/magnesium oxide interfaces for tunneling magnetoresistance ratios exceeding 300 %, efficient spin-charge conversion in heavy metals, and voltage-controlled skyrmion devices for sub-0.1 pJ/bit operation, are also discussed. These advancements address scalability, thermal stability, and fabrication challenges, positioning spintronics as a cornerstone for next-generation memory, logic devices, and quantum computing. We also found that spintronic neuromorphic systems can achieve 20 TOP/s/w, outperforming traditional artificial intelligence accelerators. At the same time, spin qubits with 99.9 % fidelity offer a scalable pathway to quantum computing, underscoring spintronics' potential to revolutionize artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and quantum technologies, providing energy-efficient, high-performance solutions for the post-Moore era. Future efforts will focus on three-dimensional magnetic tunnel junction stacking with densities exceeding 1 Tb/mm3, and defect-tolerant materials for large-scale commercialization.
{"title":"Spintronics technology: A comprehensive review of materials, applications, and future trends","authors":"Ibrahim Adamu Tasiu , Md Parvez Islam , Mayesha Khanam Prity , Nafisa Maliyat Tasniya , Dey Samar , Alam Ummey Mariya , Hongyi Zhou , Jin-Wei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Utilizing the combination of electron spin and the electric field, spintronic technology has become a revolutionary way to overcome the drawbacks of traditional charge-based electronics, such as power inefficiency and performance saturation. This paper reviews recent breakthroughs in spintronics, which have achieved ultrafast switching speeds and ultra-low energy consumption in magnetic tunnel junctions. By integrating advanced materials, such as topological insulators, two-dimensional ferromagnets, and heavy metals, we found the room-temperature stabilization of skyrmions with storage densities exceeding 1Tb/in<sup>2</sup>, enabling high-density nonvolatile memory. Furthermore, a hybrid complementary metal-oxide semiconductor-spintronic architecture is discussed, which reduces power consumption by 30 % in neuromorphic computing applications while maintaining compatibility with existing semiconductor technologies. Key innovations, such as optimized cobalt-iron-boron/magnesium oxide interfaces for tunneling magnetoresistance ratios exceeding 300 %, efficient spin-charge conversion in heavy metals, and voltage-controlled skyrmion devices for sub-0.1 pJ/bit operation, are also discussed. These advancements address scalability, thermal stability, and fabrication challenges, positioning spintronics as a cornerstone for next-generation memory, logic devices, and quantum computing. We also found that spintronic neuromorphic systems can achieve 20 <em>TOP/s/w</em>, outperforming traditional artificial intelligence accelerators. At the same time, spin qubits with 99.9 % fidelity offer a scalable pathway to quantum computing, underscoring spintronics' potential to revolutionize artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and quantum technologies, providing energy-efficient, high-performance solutions for the post-Moore era. Future efforts will focus on three-dimensional magnetic tunnel junction stacking with densities exceeding 1 Tb/mm<sup>3</sup>, and defect-tolerant materials for large-scale commercialization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101087"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sn4+ substitution at the Ti sites of CaCu3Ti4.5O12 ceramics was successfully achieved via a polymer pyrolysis technique. The effects of Sn4+ incorporation on the dielectric and nonlinear electrical properties were systematically examined. XRD and FE-SEM analyses confirmed the coexistence of CaCu3Ti4O12 and TiO2 phases with refined grains and uniformly dispersed secondary phases, while EDXS mapping revealed suppressed CuO segregation together with enhanced TiO2 homogeneity along grain boundaries. Consequently, the CaCu3Ti4.3Sn0.2O12 ceramic sintered at 1060 °C for 6 h exhibited a high permittivity (ε′ ≈ 7.45 × 103) and ultralow dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.027 at 1 kHz, 30 °C), together with excellent temperature stability (Δε' < ±15 % from −60 to 150 °C), meeting the X8R capacitor standard. Nonlinear J–E analysis revealed a significant enhancement in α (≈35.9) and Eb (≈1.32 × 104 V cm−1), suitable for varistor applications. The improved dielectric and nonlinear responses stemmed from increased grain-boundary resistance (Rgb ≈ 224.1 kΩ cm) and higher barrier height (ΦB ≈ 1.15 eV), both induced by Sn4+ substitution and microstructural refinement. XANES results revealed a slight Ti4+ → Ti3+ reduction, enhancing small-polaron hopping in semiconducting grains and maintaining strong grain-boundary insulation, which together shape the dielectric and nonlinear behaviors. These synergistic effects enable high stability, low loss, and strong non-Ohmic performance, positioning Sn-doped CaCu3Ti4+xO12 ceramics as promising candidates for next-generation capacitor–varistor integration.
{"title":"Sn4+-modified Ti-rich CaCu3Ti4.5O12 ceramics with low loss and X8R-Grade thermal stability prepared by polymer pyrolysis","authors":"Ekaphan Swatsitang , Sasitorn Putjuso , Anuchit Hunyek , Thanin Putjuso","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sn<sup>4+</sup> substitution at the Ti sites of CaCu<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>4.5</sub>O<sub>12</sub> ceramics was successfully achieved via a polymer pyrolysis technique. The effects of Sn<sup>4+</sup> incorporation on the dielectric and nonlinear electrical properties were systematically examined. XRD and FE-SEM analyses confirmed the coexistence of CaCu<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>O<sub>12</sub> and TiO<sub>2</sub> phases with refined grains and uniformly dispersed secondary phases, while EDXS mapping revealed suppressed CuO segregation together with enhanced TiO<sub>2</sub> homogeneity along grain boundaries. Consequently, the CaCu<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>4.3</sub>Sn<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>12</sub> ceramic sintered at 1060 °C for 6 h exhibited a high permittivity (ε′ ≈ 7.45 × 10<sup>3</sup>) and ultralow dielectric loss (tan δ = 0.027 at 1 kHz, 30 °C)<strong>,</strong> together with excellent temperature stability (Δε' < ±15 % from −60 to 150 °C)<strong>,</strong> meeting the X8R capacitor standard<strong>.</strong> Nonlinear <em>J–E</em> analysis revealed a significant enhancement in α (≈35.9) and E<sub>b</sub> (≈1.32 × 10<sup>4</sup> V cm<sup>−1</sup>)<strong>,</strong> suitable for varistor applications. The improved dielectric and nonlinear responses stemmed from increased grain-boundary resistance (<em>R</em><sub>gb</sub> ≈ 224.1 kΩ cm) and higher barrier height (Φ<sub>B</sub> ≈ 1.15 eV), both induced by Sn<sup>4+</sup> substitution and microstructural refinement. XANES results revealed a slight Ti<sup>4+</sup> → Ti<sup>3+</sup> reduction, enhancing small-polaron hopping in semiconducting grains and maintaining strong grain-boundary insulation, which together shape the dielectric and nonlinear behaviors. These synergistic effects enable high stability, low loss, and strong non-Ohmic performance, positioning Sn-doped CaCu<sub>3</sub>Ti<sub>4+<em>x</em></sub>O<sub>12</sub> ceramics as promising candidates for next-generation capacitor–varistor integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The pure MoS, binary ZnS/MoS, and ternary ZnS/MoS/composites incorporated with carbonaceous materials such as SWCNT, MWCNT, and GO nano-composites are synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The compositions of the pure, binary, and ternary nano-composites are maintained at ratios of 100, 90:10, and 86:10:4, respectively. The XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a hexagonal single-phase structure. The surface morphology revealed well-defined nano-spheres with clear boundaries. Among the prepared materials, the ternary ZnS (86 %)–MoS (10 %)–GO (4 %) composite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, delivering an average specific capacitance of 1098 F/g at various scan rates. It also demonstrated a high energy density of 1093 Wh/kg and a power density of 9.3 W/kg. A predominant pseudocapacitive charge-storage behavior is observed, with a diffusive contribution of 85.47 % at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, indicating its potential as a promising candidate for advanced energy storage systems. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of transition metal sulfides combined with carbonaceous materials.
{"title":"Improved structure and supercapacitor performance by harnessing MoS/ZnS/GO &CNTs Nanospheres","authors":"Rabia Khurram , Safia Anjum , Imed Boukhris , Anam Mansoor , Tafruj Ilayas , Mehwish Sattar","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pure MoS, binary ZnS/MoS, and ternary ZnS/MoS/composites incorporated with carbonaceous materials such as SWCNT, MWCNT, and GO nano-composites are synthesized using a hydrothermal technique. The compositions of the pure, binary, and ternary nano-composites are maintained at ratios of 100, 90:10, and 86:10:4, respectively. The XRD analysis confirmed the formation of a hexagonal single-phase structure. The surface morphology revealed well-defined nano-spheres with clear boundaries. Among the prepared materials, the ternary ZnS (86 %)–MoS (10 %)–GO (4 %) composite exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, delivering an average specific capacitance of 1098 F/g at various scan rates. It also demonstrated a high energy density of 1093 Wh/kg and a power density of 9.3 W/kg. A predominant pseudocapacitive charge-storage behavior is observed, with a diffusive contribution of 85.47 % at a scan rate of 5 mV/s, indicating its potential as a promising candidate for advanced energy storage systems. The enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of transition metal sulfides combined with carbonaceous materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101080"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083
Aravind Rajan Ayagara , Subramanyam Vijayasaradhi , Sai Adithya Vanga , Mayur Shriram Kannadkar , André Langlet
Recent advancements in stealth technology have intensified the demand for radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) that combine superior attenuation performance with structural integrity. This review systematically examines carbon-based RAMs, specifically polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon-based nanofillers, emphasizing their dual role in enhancing electromagnetic absorption and mechanical performance. This work uniquely integrates the mechanical behavior of these materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of filler dispersion, interfacial interactions, and their influence on dielectric loss and load-bearing capabilities. Comparative analysis across multiple studies highlights how processing routes, filler morphology, and multi-layer configurations affect reflection loss (RL), impedance matching, and bandwidth within the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). Hybrid and multilayer systems demonstrate synergistic effects, achieving broadband absorption exceeding 4 GHz with RL values below −40 dB, while maintaining enhanced tensile and flexural strengths at optimal filler loadings. The review further delineates fabrication methods, scaling challenges, and optimization strategies essential for practical implementation. Finally, emerging trends like multifunctional and hybrid nanofillers, lightweight foamed architectures, and surface-functionalized composites are discussed as promising pathways toward durable, scalable, and structurally integrated carbon-based RAMs for next-generation defense and aerospace platforms.
{"title":"Polymer matrix composites as radar-absorbent materials in the X-Band: A comprehensive review","authors":"Aravind Rajan Ayagara , Subramanyam Vijayasaradhi , Sai Adithya Vanga , Mayur Shriram Kannadkar , André Langlet","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advancements in stealth technology have intensified the demand for radar-absorbing materials (RAMs) that combine superior attenuation performance with structural integrity. This review systematically examines carbon-based RAMs, specifically polymer nanocomposites reinforced with carbon-based nanofillers, emphasizing their dual role in enhancing electromagnetic absorption and mechanical performance. This work uniquely integrates the mechanical behavior of these materials, providing a comprehensive understanding of filler dispersion, interfacial interactions, and their influence on dielectric loss and load-bearing capabilities. Comparative analysis across multiple studies highlights how processing routes, filler morphology, and multi-layer configurations affect reflection loss (RL), impedance matching, and bandwidth within the X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz). Hybrid and multilayer systems demonstrate synergistic effects, achieving broadband absorption exceeding 4 GHz with RL values below −40 dB, while maintaining enhanced tensile and flexural strengths at optimal filler loadings. The review further delineates fabrication methods, scaling challenges, and optimization strategies essential for practical implementation. Finally, emerging trends like multifunctional and hybrid nanofillers, lightweight foamed architectures, and surface-functionalized composites are discussed as promising pathways toward durable, scalable, and structurally integrated carbon-based RAMs for next-generation defense and aerospace platforms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The growing demand for electromagnetic dissipation in electronic and information technologies has prompted continuous innovation in microwave absorbers. However, conventional designs are often based on uniform structures, which face limitations in achieving simultaneous low-frequency and broadband performance due to their limited geometric diversity and synergistic effects. To overcome these challenges, we propose a multiscale resonant labyrinth metastructure that is designed with multiple combinations of cavity dimensions. This metastructure was fabricated via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) using a polyether ether ketone/flaky carbonyl iron particles (PEEK/FCIPs) composite. Simulation and experiment have demonstrated that the metastructure synergistically integrates multiple dissipation mechanisms, including quarter-wavelength resonance, multicavity resonance, and edge diffraction. The finally optimized design exhibits an effective absorption bandwidth from 2.04 to 16.02 GHz, with a strong absorption band (below −15 dB) covering 2.49–9.04 GHz at a 10 mm thickness. Experimental results agree well with the simulations, and also reveal excellent angular stability that maintains effective absorption up to 45° for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. This work provides an innovative structural design strategy to overcome conventional absorption performance limits, particularly in low-frequency absorption, showing significant promise for practical electromagnetic protection applications.
{"title":"3D printed multiscale resonant labyrinth composite metastructure for enhanced low-frequency microwave absorption","authors":"Yubing Duan , Yunfeng Zhao , Hao Xing , Dawei Shen , Zhen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for electromagnetic dissipation in electronic and information technologies has prompted continuous innovation in microwave absorbers. However, conventional designs are often based on uniform structures, which face limitations in achieving simultaneous low-frequency and broadband performance due to their limited geometric diversity and synergistic effects. To overcome these challenges, we propose a multiscale resonant labyrinth metastructure that is designed with multiple combinations of cavity dimensions. This metastructure was fabricated via Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) using a polyether ether ketone/flaky carbonyl iron particles (PEEK/FCIPs) composite. Simulation and experiment have demonstrated that the metastructure synergistically integrates multiple dissipation mechanisms, including quarter-wavelength resonance, multicavity resonance, and edge diffraction. The finally optimized design exhibits an effective absorption bandwidth from 2.04 to 16.02 GHz, with a strong absorption band (below −15 dB) covering 2.49–9.04 GHz at a 10 mm thickness. Experimental results agree well with the simulations, and also reveal excellent angular stability that maintains effective absorption up to 45° for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations. This work provides an innovative structural design strategy to overcome conventional absorption performance limits, particularly in low-frequency absorption, showing significant promise for practical electromagnetic protection applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101079"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082
M.I. Sayyed , Mohammad W. Marashdeh , Ashok Kumar , Sabina Yasmin
This study investigates the physical, structural, and radiation shielding properties of a B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3 glass. The density increases (3.953–4.388 g/cm3) with higher BaO and Sm2O3 content due to the incorporation of heavier elements. The molar volume shows non-linear trends attributed to competing effects of Sm3+ ion incorporation and network disruption. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed structural changes. The formation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) improves with rising Sm2O3 content. The elastic moduli decrease with Sm2O3 content. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) are investigated at energies corresponding to those emitted from Eu-152 source using Phy-X software. The MAC at 0.122 MeV was found to range from 1.179 to 1.264 cm2/g. The effective atomic number for 1 S m sample shows a high value of 46.33 at 0.122 MeV. The half value layer for 1 S m sample is 0.149 cm at 0.122 MeV. Among the prepared glasses, the glass with the composition 11PbO2-25BaO-10CaO-50B2O3-4Sm2O3 exhibited the highest MAC.
本研究考察了B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3玻璃的物理、结构和辐射屏蔽性能。随着BaO和Sm2O3含量的增加，合金密度增大（3.953 ~ 4.388 g/cm3）。由于Sm3+离子掺入和网络破坏的竞争作用，摩尔体积呈现非线性趋势。FTIR光谱显示了结构变化。随着Sm2O3含量的增加，非桥氧（NBO）的生成增多。弹性模量随Sm2O3含量的增加而减小。利用Phy-X软件研究了与eu152源发射能量对应的质量衰减系数（MAC）。0.122 MeV时的MAC值为1.179 ~ 1.264 cm2/g。在0.122 MeV下，1 S m样品的有效原子序数达到46.33。在0.122 MeV下，1 S m样品的半值层为0.149 cm。在所制备的玻璃中，组分为11PbO2-25BaO-10CaO-50B2O3-4Sm2O3的玻璃的MAC值最高。
{"title":"Tailoring the structural and functional properties of B2O3-PbO2-BaO-CaO-Sm2O3 glass system for potential radiation shielding applications","authors":"M.I. Sayyed , Mohammad W. Marashdeh , Ashok Kumar , Sabina Yasmin","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the physical, structural, and radiation shielding properties of a B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-PbO<sub>2</sub>-BaO-CaO-Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> glass. The density increases (3.953–4.388 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) with higher BaO and Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content due to the incorporation of heavier elements. The molar volume shows non-linear trends attributed to competing effects of Sm<sup>3+</sup> ion incorporation and network disruption. The FTIR spectroscopy revealed structural changes. The formation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) improves with rising Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. The elastic moduli decrease with Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) are investigated at energies corresponding to those emitted from Eu-152 source using Phy-X software. The MAC at 0.122 MeV was found to range from 1.179 to 1.264 cm<sup>2</sup>/g. The effective atomic number for 1 S m sample shows a high value of 46.33 at 0.122 MeV. The half value layer for 1 S m sample is 0.149 cm at 0.122 MeV. Among the prepared glasses, the glass with the composition 11PbO<sub>2</sub>-25BaO-10CaO-50B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-4Sm<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> exhibited the highest MAC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101082"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101081
Ahmed Alzamil , Muhammad Amir Khalil , Wong Hin Yong , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Mohamad A. Alawad , Abdulwadoud A. Maash , Mohamed S. Soliman , Riaz Hussain , Mohammad Tariqul Islam
This study presents a highly efficient metamaterial (MTM) absorber designed for precise sensing applications, particularly for distinguishing edible oils based on their dielectric properties. Utilising a compact maze-shaped structure comprising a copper resonator and a Rogers 5880 substrate, the absorber achieves near-perfect (> 99 %) absorption efficiency across the 2–5 GHz frequency range. The absorber's geometric parameters were investigated in detail, revealing significant improvements in multi-band performance and resonance tuning with incremental increases in the resonator's complexity. Comprehensive simulations conducted using CST Microwave Studio and validated through equivalent circuit modelling demonstrated strong agreement, establishing a robust design methodology. Experimental verification confirmed the absorber's sensitivity, demonstrating clear differentiation among mustard, coconut, and sunflower oils through distinct resonance-frequency shifts attributable to their dielectric constants. The sensor achieved an exceptional quality factor (Q = 170), high sensitivity (0.85 GHz per dielectric unit), and superior absorption performance, positioning it as a promising candidate for industrial applications in quality control and food safety.
{"title":"Design and performance evaluation of a multi-band metamaterial absorber for oil quality sensing","authors":"Ahmed Alzamil , Muhammad Amir Khalil , Wong Hin Yong , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Mohamad A. Alawad , Abdulwadoud A. Maash , Mohamed S. Soliman , Riaz Hussain , Mohammad Tariqul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a highly efficient metamaterial (MTM) absorber designed for precise sensing applications, particularly for distinguishing edible oils based on their dielectric properties. Utilising a compact maze-shaped structure comprising a copper resonator and a Rogers 5880 substrate, the absorber achieves near-perfect (> 99 %) absorption efficiency across the 2–5 GHz frequency range. The absorber's geometric parameters were investigated in detail, revealing significant improvements in multi-band performance and resonance tuning with incremental increases in the resonator's complexity. Comprehensive simulations conducted using CST Microwave Studio and validated through equivalent circuit modelling demonstrated strong agreement, establishing a robust design methodology. Experimental verification confirmed the absorber's sensitivity, demonstrating clear differentiation among mustard, coconut, and sunflower oils through distinct resonance-frequency shifts attributable to their dielectric constants. The sensor achieved an exceptional quality factor (Q = 170), high sensitivity (0.85 GHz per dielectric unit), and superior absorption performance, positioning it as a promising candidate for industrial applications in quality control and food safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101081"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101078
Azim Sharkar , Md. Moniruzzaman , N.H.M.A. Azim , Mahjabin Mobarak , Mohamad A. Alawad , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Abdullah Al Mahfazur Rahman , Mohammad Tariqul Islam
This article introduces a nanoscale metamaterial absorber (MMA) with significant photon absorption characteristics for incorporating in thermal emitters intended for solar energy harvesting from the visible spectrum in the optical frequency regime. The proposed MMA unit cell has an electrical dimension of 0.13 × 0.13 × 0.07 , where represents the maximum wavelength of the visible spectrum. It comprises a quartz (fused) substrate, a tungsten resonator layer, and a gold backplane. The computational model of the absorber is created utilizing CST Microwave Studio. The proposed MMA can produce an average absorption of 91.27% within the visible wavelength spectrum (375–750 nm), featuring dual absorption maxima of 94.37% and 99.81% at 428.81 nm and 657.89 nm, respectively. The performance of the MMA is further verified through high-frequency simulation software (HFSS) that provides an average absorption of 93.04%, indicating the accuracy of the design. The comprehensive parametric studies are accomplished, and absorption phenomena are analyzed through the current and field distribution. The absorber exhibits an almost zero polarization conversion ratio (PCR) with a maximum of 5.6 × 10−5. Moreover, the absorption spectra are stable for variation in polarization and incident angle up to 90° for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The design attains a maximum solar irradiance efficiency of 92.18% facilitating effective photon conversion and reflection reduction. Additionally, a comparison of the presented MMA is made with some recent works, revealing that some other works provide higher absorption bandwidth but expose limited angular stability (≤70°), lower solar irradiance efficiency, and higher dimensions. But the proposed absorber overcomes these constraints by optimizing structural parameters and ensuring wide-band absorption, high incident and polarization angle stability, improved photon conversion efficiency within a compact dimension. Due to its compact dimension, stable absorption performance, and high solar irradiance efficiency, this new MMA can be utilized in thermal emitters for solar energy harvesting applications.
{"title":"Nanoscale optical-regime metamaterial absorber for enhanced photon absorption in thermal emitters","authors":"Azim Sharkar , Md. Moniruzzaman , N.H.M.A. Azim , Mahjabin Mobarak , Mohamad A. Alawad , Abdulmajeed M. Alenezi , Abdullah Al Mahfazur Rahman , Mohammad Tariqul Islam","doi":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsamd.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces a nanoscale metamaterial absorber (MMA) with significant photon absorption characteristics for incorporating in thermal emitters intended for solar energy harvesting from the visible spectrum in the optical frequency regime. The proposed MMA unit cell has an electrical dimension of 0.13 <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span> × 0.13 <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span> × 0.07 <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mrow><mi>λ</mi></mrow></math></span> represents the maximum wavelength of the visible spectrum. It comprises a quartz (fused) substrate, a tungsten resonator layer, and a gold backplane. The computational model of the absorber is created utilizing CST Microwave Studio. The proposed MMA can produce an average absorption of 91.27% within the visible wavelength spectrum (375–750 nm), featuring dual absorption maxima of 94.37% and 99.81% at 428.81 nm and 657.89 nm, respectively. The performance of the MMA is further verified through high-frequency simulation software (HFSS) that provides an average absorption of 93.04%, indicating the accuracy of the design. The comprehensive parametric studies are accomplished, and absorption phenomena are analyzed through the current and field distribution. The absorber exhibits an almost zero polarization conversion ratio (PCR) with a maximum of 5.6 × 10<sup>−5</sup>. Moreover, the absorption spectra are stable for variation in polarization and incident angle up to 90° for transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes. The design attains a maximum solar irradiance efficiency of 92.18% facilitating effective photon conversion and reflection reduction. Additionally, a comparison of the presented MMA is made with some recent works, revealing that some other works provide higher absorption bandwidth but expose limited angular stability (≤70°), lower solar irradiance efficiency, and higher dimensions. But the proposed absorber overcomes these constraints by optimizing structural parameters and ensuring wide-band absorption, high incident and polarization angle stability, improved photon conversion efficiency within a compact dimension. Due to its compact dimension, stable absorption performance, and high solar irradiance efficiency, this new MMA can be utilized in thermal emitters for solar energy harvesting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17219,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 101078"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145880924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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