Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10301
Syed Zahid Ali, Saadia Farooq, Q. Gillani, Roy Arslan Ahmed, Syed Muzaffar Hussain, S. Rasool, Shehna Farooq, S. Rahman
COVID-19 resulted in a pandemic causing respiratory infection due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It started from the Wuhan city of China in mid-December 2019 and then spread all over the world in a very short time. COVID19 is mainly responsible for acute respiratory syndrome however, there are reports of involvement of some neurological symptoms and conditions wise; headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, confusion and myalgia, encephalitis etc. The severe neurological effects consist of acute ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy, meningitis/encephalitis, and acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Neurological conditions could be due to the entrance of the virus into the brain via nasal passage through the olfactory bulb or the initiation of a storm of cytokines that cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It can also have a long-term effect in the form of demyelination of neurons which can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. This review deals with the general mechanisms which might be involved in the entrance of COVID-19 into the brain and its possible effects.
{"title":"Possible mechanisms involved in neurological manifestation of COVID-19: A short review","authors":"Syed Zahid Ali, Saadia Farooq, Q. Gillani, Roy Arslan Ahmed, Syed Muzaffar Hussain, S. Rasool, Shehna Farooq, S. Rahman","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10301","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 resulted in a pandemic causing respiratory infection due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. It started from the Wuhan city of China in mid-December 2019 and then spread all over the world in a very short time. COVID19 is mainly responsible for acute respiratory syndrome however, there are reports of involvement of some neurological symptoms and conditions wise; headache, dizziness, fatigue, insomnia, confusion and myalgia, encephalitis etc. The severe neurological effects consist of acute ischemic stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral venous sinus thrombosis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, acute necrotizing hemorrhagic encephalopathy, meningitis/encephalitis, and acute Guillain-Barre Syndrome. Neurological conditions could be due to the entrance of the virus into the brain via nasal passage through the olfactory bulb or the initiation of a storm of cytokines that cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). It can also have a long-term effect in the form of demyelination of neurons which can lead to neurodegenerative diseases. This review deals with the general mechanisms which might be involved in the entrance of COVID-19 into the brain and its possible effects.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83233093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Depletion of soil organic matter, depletion of macro- and micronutrients, lack of local specific fertilizer recommendation per commodity are among core constraints in Ethiopian soils that hinders crop production including sorghum. The experiment was conducted to evaluate blended fertilizer type effect on improving production of sorghum in Bena Tsemay district, Southwestern Ethiopia. The experiment was carried out in 2018 and 2019 main cropping season and laid out in RCBD following three replications with spacing of 75cm between rows and 20cm between plants. It was done by using control, (46N+68.7P2O5) kgha-1 , (142NPS+141Urea) kgha1 , (150NPSB+141Urea) kgha-1 , (160NPSBZn+144Urea) kgha-1 , (155NPSZn+141Urea) kgha1 , (197NPSBK+141Urea) kgha-1 and (207NPSBZnK+141Urea) kgha-1 treatments. Full dose of blended fertilizer, phosphorus, boron and potassium chloride fertilizers were applied at planting time and urea was applied in two split. Partial budget analysis with dominance and marginal analysis was done for economic evaluation. The result has revealed that sorghum has responded well to the application of macronutrients with micronutrients (Zn and B) than unfertilized. Application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea resulted in highest grain yield, while the lowest grain yield was recorded from the control. The highest economic returns of 230.06% was obtained from application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea; and it gives 43.85% yield increment and 31.86% increment in economic return over the control. Application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea was recommended for farmers and investor’s to produce sorghum on the study area and similar agro ecologies, as it was optimum for improving sorghum production. Further investigation should be done on plant nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency and optimization.
{"title":"Effect of blended fertilizer types for improving production of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) in Bena Tsemay district, Southwestern Ethiopia","authors":"Atinafu Tunebo, Merdikios Malla, Sisay Negash, Shimelis Tesema, Genanaw Tesema","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10302","url":null,"abstract":"Depletion of soil organic matter, depletion of macro- and micronutrients, lack of local specific fertilizer recommendation per commodity are among core constraints in Ethiopian soils that hinders crop production including sorghum. The experiment was conducted to evaluate blended fertilizer type effect on improving production of sorghum in Bena Tsemay district, Southwestern Ethiopia. The experiment was carried out in 2018 and 2019 main cropping season and laid out in RCBD following three replications with spacing of 75cm between rows and 20cm between plants. It was done by using control, (46N+68.7P2O5) kgha-1 , (142NPS+141Urea) kgha1 , (150NPSB+141Urea) kgha-1 , (160NPSBZn+144Urea) kgha-1 , (155NPSZn+141Urea) kgha1 , (197NPSBK+141Urea) kgha-1 and (207NPSBZnK+141Urea) kgha-1 treatments. Full dose of blended fertilizer, phosphorus, boron and potassium chloride fertilizers were applied at planting time and urea was applied in two split. Partial budget analysis with dominance and marginal analysis was done for economic evaluation. The result has revealed that sorghum has responded well to the application of macronutrients with micronutrients (Zn and B) than unfertilized. Application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea resulted in highest grain yield, while the lowest grain yield was recorded from the control. The highest economic returns of 230.06% was obtained from application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea; and it gives 43.85% yield increment and 31.86% increment in economic return over the control. Application of 150kgha-1NPSB+141kgha-1Urea was recommended for farmers and investor’s to produce sorghum on the study area and similar agro ecologies, as it was optimum for improving sorghum production. Further investigation should be done on plant nutrient uptake, nutrient use efficiency and optimization.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83945096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10303
D. Ali, Mohammad Rizwan
Eczema which is now termed as a type of dermatitis is an age-old disease described and treated by unani and modern dermatologists since long. In medivial unani literature the term nar e farsi used for this disease which is Persian term means ‘fire of Persia’ it indicates the burning sypmptoms related to this disease. Unani tibb relates this disease to ‘safra’ i.e. yellow bile humor. The cause of the disease is not yet ascertained as some says irritation some relates this to atopy and contact allergies. Besides this curative treatment is still in obscure. Treatment is also not yet provided by Unani atibba (Unani Physicians) but they mention some principles to treat this chronic disease which make this less cumbersome and symptoms become largely abolished. Several types of drugs as musaffi-e-dam, muhallil e awram and soothing oils applied to treat the condition. Therapies are also used to alleviate the symptoms.
湿疹现在被称为皮炎的一种类型，是一种古老的疾病，长期以来由unani和现代皮肤科医生描述和治疗。在中世纪的unani文献中，术语nar e farsi用于这种疾病，这是波斯语术语，意思是“波斯之火”，它表明与这种疾病相关的燃烧症状。Unani tibb将这种疾病与“safra”，即黄色胆汁幽默联系起来。这种疾病的病因还没有确定，有人说是刺激，有人说是与特应性过敏和接触性过敏有关。此外，这种治疗方法尚不明确。Unani atibba (Unani医师)也尚未提供治疗，但他们提到了一些治疗这种慢性疾病的原则，使治疗变得不那么麻烦，症状基本上消失了。一些类型的药物如musaffi-e-dam, muhalliam和舒缓油用于治疗这种情况。治疗也用于缓解症状。
{"title":"Eczema (Nar-e-Farsi) and its line of treatment in Unani and contemporary medicine","authors":"D. Ali, Mohammad Rizwan","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10303","url":null,"abstract":"Eczema which is now termed as a type of dermatitis is an age-old disease described and treated by unani and modern dermatologists since long. In medivial unani literature the term nar e farsi used for this disease which is Persian term means ‘fire of Persia’ it indicates the burning sypmptoms related to this disease. Unani tibb relates this disease to ‘safra’ i.e. yellow bile humor. The cause of the disease is not yet ascertained as some says irritation some relates this to atopy and contact allergies. Besides this curative treatment is still in obscure. Treatment is also not yet provided by Unani atibba (Unani Physicians) but they mention some principles to treat this chronic disease which make this less cumbersome and symptoms become largely abolished. Several types of drugs as musaffi-e-dam, muhallil e awram and soothing oils applied to treat the condition. Therapies are also used to alleviate the symptoms.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84794054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10201
P. A, N. M
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a foremost health problem in the globe. Diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of manifold etiologies characterized by chronic hypoglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Creating alertness on signs and symptoms among diabetic clients may lessen the complications. The objectives were to assess the knowledge of diabetic clients regarding management of hypoglycemia and to find the association between the knowledge of diabetic clients on management of hypoglycemia and their selected demographic variable. The descriptive survey design was adopted by selecting 60 samples using purposive sampling technique. Out of sixty samples, 32(53.4%) were male and 28(46.6%) of the samples were female. Most of the samples 23 (38.33%) belongs to age group between 31-40 years. More than half of the samples, 40(66.66%) were using hypoglycemic agents. 33(55%) were taking medication once a day. 18 ((30%) samples were having the history of hypoglycemic symptoms. whereas, 7(11.66%) of them were not confident about the hypoglycemic symptoms. Only 24(40%) of them were conscious about the selfmanagement of hypoglycemia. The study highlights that the diabetes mellitus clients 13(21.6%) were having adequate knowledge, 39(65%) were having moderately adequate knowledge and 8(13.3%) had inadequate knowledge on management of hypoglycemia. The study concluded that it helped to identify the knowledge regarding hypoglycemia on diabetes mellitus patients and created awareness on hypoglycemic conditions using information booklet will enhance the patients to reduce the complications.
{"title":"A descriptive study to assess the awareness on management of hypoglycaemia among diabetic clients in PSG hospitals","authors":"P. A, N. M","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10201","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a foremost health problem in the globe. Diabetes mellitus describes a metabolic disorder of manifold etiologies characterized by chronic hypoglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Creating alertness on signs and symptoms among diabetic clients may lessen the complications. The objectives were to assess the knowledge of diabetic clients regarding management of hypoglycemia and to find the association between the knowledge of diabetic clients on management of hypoglycemia and their selected demographic variable. The descriptive survey design was adopted by selecting 60 samples using purposive sampling technique. Out of sixty samples, 32(53.4%) were male and 28(46.6%) of the samples were female. Most of the samples 23 (38.33%) belongs to age group between 31-40 years. More than half of the samples, 40(66.66%) were using hypoglycemic agents. 33(55%) were taking medication once a day. 18 ((30%) samples were having the history of hypoglycemic symptoms. whereas, 7(11.66%) of them were not confident about the hypoglycemic symptoms. Only 24(40%) of them were conscious about the selfmanagement of hypoglycemia. The study highlights that the diabetes mellitus clients 13(21.6%) were having adequate knowledge, 39(65%) were having moderately adequate knowledge and 8(13.3%) had inadequate knowledge on management of hypoglycemia. The study concluded that it helped to identify the knowledge regarding hypoglycemia on diabetes mellitus patients and created awareness on hypoglycemic conditions using information booklet will enhance the patients to reduce the complications.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77612565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10203
T. Aredo, D. Abate, Daniel Wana, M. Tilahun
The study was conducted at Adami Tulu and Dugda districts of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia to determine the optimum level of seeding ratio and planting time of cowpea under maize for optimum forage biomass production and maize grain yield. Combinations of four levels of cowpea seeding ratios and four different cowpea planting dates were laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The levels of seeding ratios were 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0% (sole maize) for the two districts. The four planting dates for cowpea were simultaneously planting with maize, 10 days after maize planting (DAMP), 20 DAMP and 30 DAMP. The results indicated that increasing seeding ratio of cowpea from 25% to the highest level (100%) resulted in significantly increased cowpea forage biomass yield. Time of cowpea planting in maize also influenced the plant height and biomass yield of cowpea. The highest forage biomass yield was recorded from simultaneously planting of the two crops. On the other hand, seeding ratio of cowpea has significantly influenced the grain yield of maize. It was also indicated that the time of cowpea planting in maize have significantly affected the grain yield of maize with simultaneously planting resulting in the lowest grain yield. The total LER in most of the intercropping system was more than one showing that intercropping of forage legumes with maize is more advantageous than sole cropping of maize. The optimum forage legume biomass yield (1.78 t/ha) was obtained from the combination of seeding ratio of 75% with 10 DAMP without significantly (p>0.05) reducing the grain yield of maize. Hence this combination was recommended for production of cowpea forage and maize grain from intercropping of the two crops in the study areas. From these results, it can be concluded that additional forage can be produced by intercropping cowpea with maize at their appropriate seeding ratio and planting time with a little or no sacrifice in maize grain yield. Moreover, it is important to further demonstrate and promote the recommended maize-cowpea intercropping practices for the end users of the study areas and similar agro-ecologies.
{"title":"Effect of seeding ratio and time of planting of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) intercropping with maize (Zea mays) on agronomic parameters, forage biomass and grain yield of maize","authors":"T. Aredo, D. Abate, Daniel Wana, M. Tilahun","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10203","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted at Adami Tulu and Dugda districts of Oromia regional state, Ethiopia to determine the optimum level of seeding ratio and planting time of cowpea under maize for optimum forage biomass production and maize grain yield. Combinations of four levels of cowpea seeding ratios and four different cowpea planting dates were laid out in a randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement with three replications. The levels of seeding ratios were 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, 0% (sole maize) for the two districts. The four planting dates for cowpea were simultaneously planting with maize, 10 days after maize planting (DAMP), 20 DAMP and 30 DAMP. The results indicated that increasing seeding ratio of cowpea from 25% to the highest level (100%) resulted in significantly increased cowpea forage biomass yield. Time of cowpea planting in maize also influenced the plant height and biomass yield of cowpea. The highest forage biomass yield was recorded from simultaneously planting of the two crops. On the other hand, seeding ratio of cowpea has significantly influenced the grain yield of maize. It was also indicated that the time of cowpea planting in maize have significantly affected the grain yield of maize with simultaneously planting resulting in the lowest grain yield. The total LER in most of the intercropping system was more than one showing that intercropping of forage legumes with maize is more advantageous than sole cropping of maize. The optimum forage legume biomass yield (1.78 t/ha) was obtained from the combination of seeding ratio of 75% with 10 DAMP without significantly (p>0.05) reducing the grain yield of maize. Hence this combination was recommended for production of cowpea forage and maize grain from intercropping of the two crops in the study areas. From these results, it can be concluded that additional forage can be produced by intercropping cowpea with maize at their appropriate seeding ratio and planting time with a little or no sacrifice in maize grain yield. Moreover, it is important to further demonstrate and promote the recommended maize-cowpea intercropping practices for the end users of the study areas and similar agro-ecologies.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80897630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10205
K. Oo, Aye Aye Khai, E. P. Kyaw, T. Win, Win Thein Htet
Rhizospheric bacteria are naturally occurring soil microbes that are aggressively found in the plant rhizosphere, at root surface and in association with roots. They give satisfactory benefit plants by several mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, potassium decomposition, IAA production, antagonism against phytopathogenic microorganisms by production of siderophore, antibiotics and cell wall degrading enzymes. The total number of beneficial bacteria were isolated from different rhizospheric soil in agricultural lands. The isolated bacterial strains were screened for their plant growth promoting factors such as production of ammonia, siderophore, cellulase, chitinase, and pectinase enzyme. All of the isolates produced ammonia and 79% of the isolates produced siderophore on chrome azurole S agar plates. Furthermore, the bacterial isolates produced cell wall degrading enzyme; pectinase (69%), cellulase (94%), chitinase (51%), amylase (61%) and glucanase enzyme (59%) on agar plate method. The isolates also produced auxin type plant hormone (IAA), all the isolates produced IAA and the highest IAA producing strain is W1 and the produce amount was 21.91mg/L. Among the isolated bacteria, only two strains could produce HCN with the use of Feigl-Anger paper method. The recent study suggests that the use of these PGPR isolates as inoculants might be a promising source for sustainable agricultural use.
{"title":"Isolation and Screening of Multifunctional Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria from Rhizopshere of Different Crop Fields","authors":"K. Oo, Aye Aye Khai, E. P. Kyaw, T. Win, Win Thein Htet","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10205","url":null,"abstract":"Rhizospheric bacteria are naturally occurring soil microbes that are aggressively found in the plant rhizosphere, at root surface and in association with roots. They give satisfactory benefit plants by several mechanisms such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, potassium decomposition, IAA production, antagonism against phytopathogenic microorganisms by production of siderophore, antibiotics and cell wall degrading enzymes. The total number of beneficial bacteria were isolated from different rhizospheric soil in agricultural lands. The isolated bacterial strains were screened for their plant growth promoting factors such as production of ammonia, siderophore, cellulase, chitinase, and pectinase enzyme. All of the isolates produced ammonia and 79% of the isolates produced siderophore on chrome azurole S agar plates. Furthermore, the bacterial isolates produced cell wall degrading enzyme; pectinase (69%), cellulase (94%), chitinase (51%), amylase (61%) and glucanase enzyme (59%) on agar plate method. The isolates also produced auxin type plant hormone (IAA), all the isolates produced IAA and the highest IAA producing strain is W1 and the produce amount was 21.91mg/L. Among the isolated bacteria, only two strains could produce HCN with the use of Feigl-Anger paper method. The recent study suggests that the use of these PGPR isolates as inoculants might be a promising source for sustainable agricultural use.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78529164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10202
S. Chandel, S. Jandaik
Wilt and stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f sp. chyrsanthemi and Rhizoctonia solani are most devastating diseases, amounting to cause 18 -27 per cent loss under congenial environmental conditions in chrysanthemum. Due to many issues such as fungicide resistance, cost, and adverse effects, eco-friendly integrated approaches seem to be an applicable management method against the wilt and stem rot diseases of chrysanthemum. The objective of our present study was to evaluate the alternative methods such as soil amendments, biological agents and soil solarization (SS) alone and in integrated form which are cheap and easily adoptable having long-term benefits in combating the wilt and stem rot infection of chrysanthemum. Neem cake and cotton cake were found superior against Fusarium wilt pathogen with highest 68.11 per cent disease reduction while mustard cake showed highest effectiveness followed by neem and groundnut cakes to minimize the Rhizoctonia solani infection by 64.29 per cent. Fungal antagonists proved better in controlling disease compared to bacterial antagonist. For soil solarization, 25µ thickness polythene sheet resulted in less disease than 50 µ thickness. Integration of all the components resulted into excellent control of stem rot and wilt under field conditions due to additive effects. Maximum disease control (73.15 %) achieved in SS+ T. harzianum + Neem cake, SS+ T. harzianum + T. viride. A drastic decrease in the inoculums load of both pathogens recorded after two months period in solarized than unsolarized soils with varied microbial counts and almost negligible appearance of weeds in solarised plots.
{"title":"Non-chemical strategies in integrated management of wilt and stem rot diseases of chrysanthemum","authors":"S. Chandel, S. Jandaik","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10202","url":null,"abstract":"Wilt and stem rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f sp. chyrsanthemi and Rhizoctonia solani are most devastating diseases, amounting to cause 18 -27 per cent loss under congenial environmental conditions in chrysanthemum. Due to many issues such as fungicide resistance, cost, and adverse effects, eco-friendly integrated approaches seem to be an applicable management method against the wilt and stem rot diseases of chrysanthemum. The objective of our present study was to evaluate the alternative methods such as soil amendments, biological agents and soil solarization (SS) alone and in integrated form which are cheap and easily adoptable having long-term benefits in combating the wilt and stem rot infection of chrysanthemum. Neem cake and cotton cake were found superior against Fusarium wilt pathogen with highest 68.11 per cent disease reduction while mustard cake showed highest effectiveness followed by neem and groundnut cakes to minimize the Rhizoctonia solani infection by 64.29 per cent. Fungal antagonists proved better in controlling disease compared to bacterial antagonist. For soil solarization, 25µ thickness polythene sheet resulted in less disease than 50 µ thickness. Integration of all the components resulted into excellent control of stem rot and wilt under field conditions due to additive effects. Maximum disease control (73.15 %) achieved in SS+ T. harzianum + Neem cake, SS+ T. harzianum + T. viride. A drastic decrease in the inoculums load of both pathogens recorded after two months period in solarized than unsolarized soils with varied microbial counts and almost negligible appearance of weeds in solarised plots.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78263359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10204
Daniel Wana, Nabi Husen, D. Abate
Study was conducted at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center for two years of 2018 and 2019 cropping season to identify adaptable, high quality and high biomass yielder Desho grass varieties. Four desho grass varieties and Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Current result indicated the agronomic performance of leaf length, number of tiller per plant, leaf to stem ratio, plant cover and vigor were not shown significance difference (P>0.05). While plant height (cm) and total dry matter yield (t/ha) were shown significance difference (P<0.05). The highest dry matter yield were produced from KK1-DZF # 591 (15.12 tha-1) and KK2-DZF # 589 (14.04 tha-1) varieties and 0.79 and 0.78 leaf to stem ratio, respectively. DM% content had strong positively correlation with leaf to stem ratio(r= 0.85; P <0.01), plant height(r=0.61; p<0.05). TDMY strongly correlated with PH(r=0.88; p<0.01) and LSR strongly correlated with number of tiller per plant(r=0.89; p<0.01). Based on the result, KK1-DZF # 591 (15.12tha-1) and KK2-DZF # 589 (14.04 tha-1) were well adapted from the varieties evaluated. Therefore, selected varieties should be further evaluated under irrigation condition and demonstrated at around Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center and similar agroecologies.
{"title":"Evaluation of Desho (Pennisetum pedicellatum Trin) grasses for dry matter yield and nutritive quality for the mid Rift Valley of Oromia at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center","authors":"Daniel Wana, Nabi Husen, D. Abate","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10204","url":null,"abstract":"Study was conducted at Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center for two years of 2018 and 2019 cropping season to identify adaptable, high quality and high biomass yielder Desho grass varieties. Four desho grass varieties and Randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was used. Current result indicated the agronomic performance of leaf length, number of tiller per plant, leaf to stem ratio, plant cover and vigor were not shown significance difference (P>0.05). While plant height (cm) and total dry matter yield (t/ha) were shown significance difference (P<0.05). The highest dry matter yield were produced from KK1-DZF # 591 (15.12 tha-1) and KK2-DZF # 589 (14.04 tha-1) varieties and 0.79 and 0.78 leaf to stem ratio, respectively. DM% content had strong positively correlation with leaf to stem ratio(r= 0.85; P <0.01), plant height(r=0.61; p<0.05). TDMY strongly correlated with PH(r=0.88; p<0.01) and LSR strongly correlated with number of tiller per plant(r=0.89; p<0.01). Based on the result, KK1-DZF # 591 (15.12tha-1) and KK2-DZF # 589 (14.04 tha-1) were well adapted from the varieties evaluated. Therefore, selected varieties should be further evaluated under irrigation condition and demonstrated at around Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center and similar agroecologies.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78380787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10104
Y. Mon, K. Oo, Kyaw Kyaw Linn, Z. Lynn, N. Hlaing, Nay Chi Ko Ko
Banana propagation is dependent on propagation by tissue culture for industrial purposes. Due to lack of native endophytes in tissue culture plantlets, reintroduction of beneficial microorganisms to tissue culture plantlets become popular as a useful foundation for improving the level of establishment, increasing plant growth parameters, protecting the plantlets against pest and diseases and overall performance for field plantation. In the present study, rhizospheric and endophytic four bacterial species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus putida, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were isolated from different parts of healthy banana plants such as root, leaf and pseudostem. Banana tissue culture plantlets were cultured for root formation stage on MS medium and used as host for artificial inoculation. Then, bacterial inoculation was carried out with tissue culture plantlets both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. All banana plantlets used for this experiment were successfully acclimatized and survived in the greenhouse. The experiment consisted of three treatments: (1) bacterial inoculum with in vitro rooted plantlets for 2 weeks (2) bacterial inoculum with ex vitro (hardening) plantlets (3) control with sterilized distilled water. Among these treatments, in vitro inoculation affected significantly increased plant height, number of leaves and plant girth for all data collection times with the highest increment indices: (24.0, 7.0, and 7.3). Ex vitro inoculation showed the second highest increment indices: (22.0, 6.9 and 6.3) for plant height, number of leaves and plant girth, respectively. The lowest number of plant growth parameters were observed in control treatment for all four data collection time (19.0, 6.2, and 6.0). According to the results, application of mixtures of bacterial inoculum was effective for enhanced plant growth parameters of tissue culture banana plantlets under greenhouse condition. In addition, two weeks artificial inoculation during in vitro plantlets stage was found the most suitable method for application of microbes with tissue culture banana plantlets which can promote the microbial rhizosphere of banana prior to field plantation.
{"title":"Evaluation of Plant Growth Parameters by In vitro and Ex vitro Inoculation of Micropropagated Banana Plantlets with Rhizospheric and Endophytic Bacterial Inoculum","authors":"Y. Mon, K. Oo, Kyaw Kyaw Linn, Z. Lynn, N. Hlaing, Nay Chi Ko Ko","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10104","url":null,"abstract":"Banana propagation is dependent on propagation by tissue culture for industrial purposes. Due to lack of native endophytes in tissue culture plantlets, reintroduction of beneficial microorganisms to tissue culture plantlets become popular as a useful foundation for improving the level of establishment, increasing plant growth parameters, protecting the plantlets against pest and diseases and overall performance for field plantation. In the present study, rhizospheric and endophytic four bacterial species (Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus putida, Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were isolated from different parts of healthy banana plants such as root, leaf and pseudostem. Banana tissue culture plantlets were cultured for root formation stage on MS medium and used as host for artificial inoculation. Then, bacterial inoculation was carried out with tissue culture plantlets both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. All banana plantlets used for this experiment were successfully acclimatized and survived in the greenhouse. The experiment consisted of three treatments: (1) bacterial inoculum with in vitro rooted plantlets for 2 weeks (2) bacterial inoculum with ex vitro (hardening) plantlets (3) control with sterilized distilled water. Among these treatments, in vitro inoculation affected significantly increased plant height, number of leaves and plant girth for all data collection times with the highest increment indices: (24.0, 7.0, and 7.3). Ex vitro inoculation showed the second highest increment indices: (22.0, 6.9 and 6.3) for plant height, number of leaves and plant girth, respectively. The lowest number of plant growth parameters were observed in control treatment for all four data collection time (19.0, 6.2, and 6.0). According to the results, application of mixtures of bacterial inoculum was effective for enhanced plant growth parameters of tissue culture banana plantlets under greenhouse condition. In addition, two weeks artificial inoculation during in vitro plantlets stage was found the most suitable method for application of microbes with tissue culture banana plantlets which can promote the microbial rhizosphere of banana prior to field plantation.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90672997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.31254/jsir.2021.10103
M. Nirmala, A. Jayasudha, Kilda, Sofiya Princess Hema S, R. Gnanajothi, Keerthi, Jayalakshmi
COVID-19 has caused social disturbance which has, triggered a rapid, still ongoing, transformation of healthcare services on global level. Oncology patients have been particularly affected, since they are highly vulnerable group in the current pandemic. As the corona virus pandemic continuously impacting the health care, patients with cancer still need treatment and assistance. Nurses are facing challenges to find a balance between life-saving cancer care and alleviating the risks of COVID-19. Webinar establishes a medium to share their knowledge and experiences to treat patients with cancer during the corona virus pandemic for oncology care team members in and around the world. The main aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of webinar learning on challenges in management of cancer patient during covid -19 pandemic. The objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of webinar learning program and to associate the level of knowledge and attitude on management of cancer patient during covid -19. Pre-experimental one group pretest post test design was adapted for this study. 269 samples were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a knowledge and attitude questionnaire on challenges in management of cancer patients during covid-19 through virtual platform. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that there is a significant difference in the knowledge and attitude scores after webinar learning (t value=18.18; 3.96; p<0.01). The study also revealed that there is a strong positive correlation of knowledge on attitude. (r=0.0488).
{"title":"Effectiveness of Webinar Learning on Challenges in Management of Cancer Patients During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"M. Nirmala, A. Jayasudha, Kilda, Sofiya Princess Hema S, R. Gnanajothi, Keerthi, Jayalakshmi","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2021.10103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2021.10103","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 has caused social disturbance which has, triggered a rapid, still ongoing, transformation of healthcare services on global level. Oncology patients have been particularly affected, since they are highly vulnerable group in the current pandemic. As the corona virus pandemic continuously impacting the health care, patients with cancer still need treatment and assistance. Nurses are facing challenges to find a balance between life-saving cancer care and alleviating the risks of COVID-19. Webinar establishes a medium to share their knowledge and experiences to treat patients with cancer during the corona virus pandemic for oncology care team members in and around the world. The main aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of webinar learning on challenges in management of cancer patient during covid -19 pandemic. The objectives of the study were to assess the effectiveness of webinar learning program and to associate the level of knowledge and attitude on management of cancer patient during covid -19. Pre-experimental one group pretest post test design was adapted for this study. 269 samples were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data was collected using a knowledge and attitude questionnaire on challenges in management of cancer patients during covid-19 through virtual platform. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that there is a significant difference in the knowledge and attitude scores after webinar learning (t value=18.18; 3.96; p<0.01). The study also revealed that there is a strong positive correlation of knowledge on attitude. (r=0.0488).","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78476898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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