The study aimed at analyzing of the existing dairy value chain in the southern zone of Tigray. Primary data were collected from multiple sources including a total of 120 dairy producers, value chain actors: 24 traders, 20 consumers and 8 service providers in Edamehoni and Alamata districts. The collected data was analyzed using application of appropriate statistical tools and simple descriptive statistics. Dairying accounted 53.33 and 23.33% of the total generated family income for urban and peri-urban dairy producers; respectively. The finding indicated that input suppliers, producers, traders, consumers and service providers are involved directly and/or indirectly along dairy value chains in the study areas. Accordingly, producing and processing, collecting, storing and marketing dairy products are the major activities which were performed by the actors. Out of all milk value chain actors about 61% retailers (café and restaurant) and 39% milk producer, were involved in the value addition of milk in both study areas. Most of the smallholder dairy producers in the study sites have been using traditional dairy production technique that results in low milk production. Creating awareness and other capacity building intervention of smallholder dairy producer for quality and quantity milk production are one of the ways to assist dairy producers in building on their resources to create more income by managing their dairy farm skillfully and get a good price in the market. Hence, all concerned organizations (chain enablers) should focus on the provision of appropriate training for both dairy producer farmers and extension agents on how to manage improved breed dairy cattle and incorporate new technologies profitably into farm level production strategies.
{"title":"Characterization of Dairy Value Chains in the Case of Urban and Peri-Urban Area of Southern Tigray","authors":"Y. Weldegiorgis, A. Tadesse, B. Gebremariam","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2019.8104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2019.8104","url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed at analyzing of the existing dairy value chain in the southern zone of Tigray. Primary data were collected from multiple sources including a total of 120 dairy producers, value chain actors: 24 traders, 20 consumers and 8 service providers in Edamehoni and Alamata districts. The collected data was analyzed using application of appropriate statistical tools and simple descriptive statistics. Dairying accounted 53.33 and 23.33% of the total generated family income for urban and peri-urban dairy producers; respectively. The finding indicated that input suppliers, producers, traders, consumers and service providers are involved directly and/or indirectly along dairy value chains in the study areas. Accordingly, producing and processing, collecting, storing and marketing dairy products are the major activities which were performed by the actors. Out of all milk value chain actors about 61% retailers (café and restaurant) and 39% milk producer, were involved in the value addition of milk in both study areas. Most of the smallholder dairy producers in the study sites have been using traditional dairy production technique that results in low milk production. Creating awareness and other capacity building intervention of smallholder dairy producer for quality and quantity milk production are one of the ways to assist dairy producers in building on their resources to create more income by managing their dairy farm skillfully and get a good price in the market. Hence, all concerned organizations (chain enablers) should focus on the provision of appropriate training for both dairy producer farmers and extension agents on how to manage improved breed dairy cattle and incorporate new technologies profitably into farm level production strategies.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87002369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A man can create stress as the result of confinement and an ambitious vision and carelessness.Many people create stress to fulfill their interest of improving production and reproduction, which carries out unconsciously through manipulating animal which is even impossible to adapt to our environment. Reduction in synthesis of milk and susceptibility of dairy cows more to illness is the result of stress, which can affects further directly and/or indirectly metabolic and physiological acclimation. Therefore, this review aims to review effect of stress on production and reproduction of dairy cattle. Stress affects the reproductive performance of both male and females. In male’s quantity and quality of the sperm and females fertility percentage, fertility and embryo quality declines. Moreover, the productive performance of cattle like milk production and growth of cattle is also affected by stress factors.Hence, managing effect of stress factors is aimed at alleviating rather than eliminating the challenges on animals production and providing shelters, insulation in the form of bedding, proper feeding, and reduction of dry matter daily intake, reduction of rumen fermentation activity, reduction of physical activity and direct cooling of animal are needed to alter stress. Furthermore, creating awareness on animal handling techniques, continuing research and development endeavors are needed.
{"title":"Review on Effect of Stress on Production and Reproduction of Dairy Cattle","authors":"F. Girma, B. Gebremariam","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2019.8106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2019.8106","url":null,"abstract":"A man can create stress as the result of confinement and an ambitious vision and carelessness.Many people create stress to fulfill their interest of improving production and reproduction, which carries out unconsciously through manipulating animal which is even impossible to adapt to our environment. Reduction in synthesis of milk and susceptibility of dairy cows more to illness is the result of stress, which can affects further directly and/or indirectly metabolic and physiological acclimation. Therefore, this review aims to review effect of stress on production and reproduction of dairy cattle. Stress affects the reproductive performance of both male and females. In male’s quantity and quality of the sperm and females fertility percentage, fertility and embryo quality declines. Moreover, the productive performance of cattle like milk production and growth of cattle is also affected by stress factors.Hence, managing effect of stress factors is aimed at alleviating rather than eliminating the challenges on animals production and providing shelters, insulation in the form of bedding, proper feeding, and reduction of dry matter daily intake, reduction of rumen fermentation activity, reduction of physical activity and direct cooling of animal are needed to alter stress. Furthermore, creating awareness on animal handling techniques, continuing research and development endeavors are needed.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75368476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Goiter is defined as the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This might be diffuse in nature nodular or multi-nodular. We planned a retrospective study of 100 histopathologically diagnosed thyroidectomy specimens and evaluated their frequency in relation to age and sex of the patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pathology at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur city. The material included 100 thyroidectomy specimens. In case of thyroidectomy specimens, multiple sections were made up to thickness of 3 to 5 mm. The slice in which tumor appears closest to the resection margin was submitted entirely after dividing into adequate number of sections. All the lesions were grouped into benign and malignant lesions and were correlated to Age and Gender. Histomorphological evaluation of thyroidectomy lesions was done thoroughly to plan a better management of malignant lesions. Results: The female: male ratio of 4.2:1. The mean age of patients with thyroid diseases was 40.3 years and the peak incidence (34%) seen in the age group of 31- 40 years. Non-neoplastic cases accounted for 51% of the cases and neoplastic cases accounted for 49% of the cases. Conclusion: The thyroid gland may be affected with various disorders. Thyroidectomy may have both therapeutic and diagnostic value. Non- neoplastic disorders are more common. Females accounted for 81% of patients with thyroid lesions and the incidence peaked at third to fourth decade. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent thyroid cancer and follicular adenoma was the common benign tumor
{"title":"Study of histopathological spectrum of thyroidectomy specimens and their correlation with age and gender","authors":"Kanu Neemawat, B. Nag, M. Yadav, Kopal Sharma","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2019.8101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2019.8101","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Goiter is defined as the enlargement of the thyroid gland. This might be diffuse in nature nodular or multi-nodular. We planned a retrospective study of 100 histopathologically diagnosed thyroidectomy specimens and evaluated their frequency in relation to age and sex of the patients. Material and methods: The study was conducted in the department of Pathology at a tertiary care hospital in Jaipur city. The material included 100 thyroidectomy specimens. In case of thyroidectomy specimens, multiple sections were made up to thickness of 3 to 5 mm. The slice in which tumor appears closest to the resection margin was submitted entirely after dividing into adequate number of sections. All the lesions were grouped into benign and malignant lesions and were correlated to Age and Gender. Histomorphological evaluation of thyroidectomy lesions was done thoroughly to plan a better management of malignant lesions. Results: The female: male ratio of 4.2:1. The mean age of patients with thyroid diseases was 40.3 years and the peak incidence (34%) seen in the age group of 31- 40 years. Non-neoplastic cases accounted for 51% of the cases and neoplastic cases accounted for 49% of the cases. Conclusion: The thyroid gland may be affected with various disorders. Thyroidectomy may have both therapeutic and diagnostic value. Non- neoplastic disorders are more common. Females accounted for 81% of patients with thyroid lesions and the incidence peaked at third to fourth decade. Papillary carcinoma was the most frequent thyroid cancer and follicular adenoma was the common benign tumor","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72906336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is easy to anticipate that most production of tropical livestock production and productivities are declined when the climate condition is not comfortable. On the other hand, global demand for livestock product is expected to increasing in the future due to human population and the need for animal protein is increasing. Therefore, this review was show the prospect of climate change on livestock production. It is obvious that there is an interaction between livestock production and climate change. Therefore, The potential impacts of climate change on livestock in the future will result in negative changes in production and quality of feed crop and forage, reduced water availability and quality that may affect the hygienic quality of their products, reduced meat, milk and egg production, change in diseases situation in terms of distribution and occurrence, reproduction problem and biodiversity loss.
{"title":"Prospects of Climate Change on Livestock Production","authors":"A. Abdurehman, Negasi Ameha","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7404","url":null,"abstract":"It is easy to anticipate that most production of tropical livestock production and productivities are declined when the climate condition is not comfortable. On the other hand, global demand for livestock product is expected to increasing in the future due to human population and the need for animal protein is increasing. Therefore, this review was show the prospect of climate change on livestock production. It is obvious that there is an interaction between livestock production and climate change. Therefore, The potential impacts of climate change on livestock in the future will result in negative changes in production and quality of feed crop and forage, reduced water availability and quality that may affect the hygienic quality of their products, reduced meat, milk and egg production, change in diseases situation in terms of distribution and occurrence, reproduction problem and biodiversity loss.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76333594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study deals with the documentation and evaluation of medicinal plants used by the tribal people in the primary health care in and around Anantagiri and Dhamagundam forest area, Vikarabad district. About 40 villages have been chosen for the study and yielded a valuable knowledge of plant medicine of the locals. The resource persons are mostly lambadas, chenchus and some elderly people of local villages. The study started in the month of May, 2012 and went on up to May, 2014. It revealed valuable information about the ethno medicine of the local tribals of this Dist. About 137 plant species of 36 families have been documented in this study and an itinerary is prepared according to alphabetical order of the diseases, families along with the vernacular names, botanical; names, drug formulation of drug formulation and methods of drug administration as told by the herbal practitioners. The present study is thus aimed at to understand i) To record the traditional medicinal practices of the Tribal communities of Vikarabad district. ii) The plants which are inuse for curing the diseases them. Further, a detailed data regarding the efficacy of the drugand the curing efficiency level of the plant drugs used b the local as well as tribalcommunities of the district.
{"title":"Traditional botanical knowledge of local people of Anantagiri and Dhamagundam forest area, Vikarabad district Telangana State","authors":"P. Sureshbabu, N. Ramakrishna","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7403","url":null,"abstract":"The present study deals with the documentation and evaluation of medicinal plants used by the tribal people in the primary health care in and around Anantagiri and Dhamagundam forest area, Vikarabad district. About 40 villages have been chosen for the study and yielded a valuable knowledge of plant medicine of the locals. The resource persons are mostly lambadas, chenchus and some elderly people of local villages. The study started in the month of May, 2012 and went on up to May, 2014. It revealed valuable information about the ethno medicine of the local tribals of this Dist. About 137 plant species of 36 families have been documented in this study and an itinerary is prepared according to alphabetical order of the diseases, families along with the vernacular names, botanical; names, drug formulation of drug formulation and methods of drug administration as told by the herbal practitioners. The present study is thus aimed at to understand i) To record the traditional medicinal practices of the Tribal communities of Vikarabad district. ii) The plants which are inuse for curing the diseases them. Further, a detailed data regarding the efficacy of the drugand the curing efficiency level of the plant drugs used b the local as well as tribalcommunities of the district.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"28 3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91281601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Reports on inflammatory skin manifestations of HIV are scarce in Nigerian children, considering the fact that they are common and indicative of underlying HIV disease staging or progression. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, types and distribution of inflammatory skin lesions amongst HIV infected Nigerian children. Method: All the children attending the paediatric anti-retroviral clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. were studied. Inflammatory cutaneous lesions of HIV were identified from clinical examination. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory details were also obtained. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 19 software. Results: Of the 102 children studied 25(24.5%) had inflammatory skin lesions. The age of the children studied ranged between 3months and 14years. Papular urticaria, Papular pruritic eruptions, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Angular stomatitis, Milaria and Acne were found in 9(8.8%), 8(7.8%), 3(2.9%), 2(2.0%), 1(1.0%) and 1(1.0%) cases respectively. Inflammatory skin diseases were significantly reduced among children on HAART compared to those yet to initiate HAART. (P = 0.02, O.R = 0.29, 95% = C.I 0.11 - 0.81). Conclusion: Inflammatory skin diseases are not uncommon among the group studied with, papular urticaria and papular pruritic eruptions being the most common inflammatory skin disease in HIV infected children. Administration of HAART is associated with significantly reduced skin disease.
{"title":"Inflammatory Skin diseases in HIV infected children at Ladoke Akintola University Teaching Hospital, Osogbo, Nigeria","authors":"Oyedeji Olusola Adetuji","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7406","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Reports on inflammatory skin manifestations of HIV are scarce in Nigerian children, considering the fact that they are common and indicative of underlying HIV disease staging or progression. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, types and distribution of inflammatory skin lesions amongst HIV infected Nigerian children. Method: All the children attending the paediatric anti-retroviral clinic of Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital, Osogbo. were studied. Inflammatory cutaneous lesions of HIV were identified from clinical examination. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory details were also obtained. Data was analyzed with SPSS version 19 software. Results: Of the 102 children studied 25(24.5%) had inflammatory skin lesions. The age of the children studied ranged between 3months and 14years. Papular urticaria, Papular pruritic eruptions, Seborrhoeic dermatitis, Angular stomatitis, Milaria and Acne were found in 9(8.8%), 8(7.8%), 3(2.9%), 2(2.0%), 1(1.0%) and 1(1.0%) cases respectively. Inflammatory skin diseases were significantly reduced among children on HAART compared to those yet to initiate HAART. (P = 0.02, O.R = 0.29, 95% = C.I 0.11 - 0.81). Conclusion: Inflammatory skin diseases are not uncommon among the group studied with, papular urticaria and papular pruritic eruptions being the most common inflammatory skin disease in HIV infected children. Administration of HAART is associated with significantly reduced skin disease.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"8 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75945584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Srivastava, A. Prasad, C. Bansal, L. Gupta, Vinod Sharma
Patients having myocardial infarction with severe Left ventricular dysfunction should be followed up regularly as clot formation can be there in akinetic scarred areas. Other non-conventional risk factors should also be assessed. Our patient also had high homocysteine levels making such patients more prone for increased vascular risks, clot formation and embolization. Early anticoagulation, surgical intervention should be warranted in such patients so they can be saved from embolic complications especially in young age group.
{"title":"A case of old Anterior wall MI Presenting with left Ventricular clot and systemic embolization in a young man","authors":"R. Srivastava, A. Prasad, C. Bansal, L. Gupta, Vinod Sharma","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7401","url":null,"abstract":"Patients having myocardial infarction with severe Left ventricular dysfunction should be followed up regularly as clot formation can be there in akinetic scarred areas. Other non-conventional risk factors should also be assessed. Our patient also had high homocysteine levels making such patients more prone for increased vascular risks, clot formation and embolization. Early anticoagulation, surgical intervention should be warranted in such patients so they can be saved from embolic complications especially in young age group.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73129221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Makanjuola Olakunle Moses, Makanjuola John Olanrewaju
This study was carried out to examine heavy metals concentrations in the sediments of upstream, middle stream and downstream sections of Ogun-Osun River Basin, Oke-Odan, Ogun State, Nigeria. Sediment samples were analyzed for selected heavy metals) Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, As & Fe) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The results revealed heavy metals concentrations ranging from 2.07mg/kg2.98mg/kg for Cd, 2.12mg/kg-4.66mg/kg for Cr, 5.15mg/kg-17.18mg/kg for Pb, 5.55mg/kg-14.04mg/kg for Zn, 174.62mg/kg-218.83mg/kg for Mn, 0.28mg/kg-1.47mg/kg for Cu, 12.22mg/kg-15.58mg/kg for Ni, 1.15mg/kg2.32mg/kg for As and 4.53mg/kg-7.38mg/kg for Fe in the three locations. The results showed that the concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, and as in the sediments are low but may require monitoring to prevent increase. The concentration of Mn was higher than the stipulated limit (50.0mg/kg) set by USEPA and this may constitute risk to the people as well as aquatic animals using the water. However, the river sediments are less contaminated but may increase if the water is managed well to continue to enhance its quality.
{"title":"An assessment of heavy metals in the sediments of Ogun-Osun river basin, Oke-Odan, Yewa South local government area of Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Makanjuola Olakunle Moses, Makanjuola John Olanrewaju","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7402","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to examine heavy metals concentrations in the sediments of upstream, middle stream and downstream sections of Ogun-Osun River Basin, Oke-Odan, Ogun State, Nigeria. Sediment samples were analyzed for selected heavy metals) Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni, As & Fe) by atomic absorption spectrophotometry method. The results revealed heavy metals concentrations ranging from 2.07mg/kg2.98mg/kg for Cd, 2.12mg/kg-4.66mg/kg for Cr, 5.15mg/kg-17.18mg/kg for Pb, 5.55mg/kg-14.04mg/kg for Zn, 174.62mg/kg-218.83mg/kg for Mn, 0.28mg/kg-1.47mg/kg for Cu, 12.22mg/kg-15.58mg/kg for Ni, 1.15mg/kg2.32mg/kg for As and 4.53mg/kg-7.38mg/kg for Fe in the three locations. The results showed that the concentrations of Zn, Pb, Cu, Cr, Ni, and as in the sediments are low but may require monitoring to prevent increase. The concentration of Mn was higher than the stipulated limit (50.0mg/kg) set by USEPA and this may constitute risk to the people as well as aquatic animals using the water. However, the river sediments are less contaminated but may increase if the water is managed well to continue to enhance its quality.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86447822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In agriculture hydroponics is an advanced technology. Hydroponic production is used to guarantee a constant production of high quantity of green forage throughout the year for livestock feed with suitable prices. Therefore, this review aims to review hydroponic feed value on livestock production. Hydroponics is a technique of growing of plants without soil but in water or nutrient rich solution in a greenhouse. This fodder increases up to 20-30cm height consisting of roots, seeds and plants. About 1.50-3.0 liters of water is required to produce one kg of fresh hydroponics fodder in seven days since water can be reused. However, DM content of 11-14% is common for hydroponics maize and yields of 5-6 folds on fresh basis. Since the hydroponics, fodder is more palatable, digestible and nutritious while imparting other health benefits to the animals and improve production performance of livestock. The cost of seed contributes about 90% of the total cost of production of hydroponics maize fodder as compared to conventional which is much lower. Supplementing is 5-10 kg fresh hydroponics maize fodder per cow per day. Digestibility of the nutrients of the ration could increase in milk production (8- 13%) by feeding hydroponics fodder. Hydroponics fodder can be produced by farmers to feed their dairy animals using low cost diet in situations, where conventional green fodder cannot be grown successfully. Therefore, there is a need for more research and development endeavor for better utilization in the future.
{"title":"Review on Hydroponic Feed Value to Livestock Production","authors":"F. Girma, B. Gebremariam","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7405","url":null,"abstract":"In agriculture hydroponics is an advanced technology. Hydroponic production is used to guarantee a constant production of high quantity of green forage throughout the year for livestock feed with suitable prices. Therefore, this review aims to review hydroponic feed value on livestock production. Hydroponics is a technique of growing of plants without soil but in water or nutrient rich solution in a greenhouse. This fodder increases up to 20-30cm height consisting of roots, seeds and plants. About 1.50-3.0 liters of water is required to produce one kg of fresh hydroponics fodder in seven days since water can be reused. However, DM content of 11-14% is common for hydroponics maize and yields of 5-6 folds on fresh basis. Since the hydroponics, fodder is more palatable, digestible and nutritious while imparting other health benefits to the animals and improve production performance of livestock. The cost of seed contributes about 90% of the total cost of production of hydroponics maize fodder as compared to conventional which is much lower. Supplementing is 5-10 kg fresh hydroponics maize fodder per cow per day. Digestibility of the nutrients of the ration could increase in milk production (8- 13%) by feeding hydroponics fodder. Hydroponics fodder can be produced by farmers to feed their dairy animals using low cost diet in situations, where conventional green fodder cannot be grown successfully. Therefore, there is a need for more research and development endeavor for better utilization in the future.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83801824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity of crude hydro-alcholic extract of Capparis tomentosa in Swiss albino mice. In studying the toxicity, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines was used. Experimental animals (mice), five mice in each, were grouped into four groups; three experimental groups and one negative control. In studying the acute toxicity, up to 5000 mg/kg crude hydro-alcholic plant extract was given orally using standard intragastric oral gavage. For acute toxicity a single dose was given and gross behavioral change such as inflexibility, irritability, jumping and mortality were recorded. In sub-acute oral toxicity test, C. tomentosa crude extract was given to the mice by standard intragastric oral gavage at doses of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg body weight every single to 28 days and various hematological parameters were recorded. In acute toxicity, the given dose of the plant extract did not produce significant gross behavioral changes, except slight sleep, inflexibility and sedation at the dose of 3000mg/kg and 5000mg/kgt extracts. However, no death was occurred in the given doses. Therefore, the present study showed that the crude hydro-alcoholic extract of C. tomentosa plant did not produce any significant acute and sub-acute toxicity effect in the experimental animals and this may confirm use of the plant in traditional medicines.
{"title":"Evaluation of acute and sub-acute toxicity of hydro-alcoholic extract of Capparis tomentosa Lam. in swiss albino mice","authors":"Sibhatu Gebrehiwot","doi":"10.31254/jsir.2018.7301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2018.7301","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity of crude hydro-alcholic extract of Capparis tomentosa in Swiss albino mice. In studying the toxicity, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines was used. Experimental animals (mice), five mice in each, were grouped into four groups; three experimental groups and one negative control. In studying the acute toxicity, up to 5000 mg/kg crude hydro-alcholic plant extract was given orally using standard intragastric oral gavage. For acute toxicity a single dose was given and gross behavioral change such as inflexibility, irritability, jumping and mortality were recorded. In sub-acute oral toxicity test, C. tomentosa crude extract was given to the mice by standard intragastric oral gavage at doses of 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg body weight every single to 28 days and various hematological parameters were recorded. In acute toxicity, the given dose of the plant extract did not produce significant gross behavioral changes, except slight sleep, inflexibility and sedation at the dose of 3000mg/kg and 5000mg/kgt extracts. However, no death was occurred in the given doses. Therefore, the present study showed that the crude hydro-alcoholic extract of C. tomentosa plant did not produce any significant acute and sub-acute toxicity effect in the experimental animals and this may confirm use of the plant in traditional medicines.","PeriodicalId":17221,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91473441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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