{"title":"[Multiresidue analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in vegetables and fruits using dual-column GC-FPD, -NPD].","authors":"英二 上野, 晴美 大島, 勲 斎藤, 浩 松本","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.385","url":null,"abstract":"野菜・果実中の農薬残留モニタリングのための多成分分析法を検討した．極性農薬を含む63種の有機リン系農薬を対象として，アセトニトリル抽出，メスシリンダーを用いたろ過・塩析及び有機層の分取操作に加えて，GPCの農薬流出画分を2分し，それにシリカゲル及びフロリジルミニカラムを組み合わせた精製条件を確立し，多数の試料を連続してGC測定することが可能となった．GC装置には主として定量用にRtx®-OPPesticides (FPD, Pモード)を，確認用にRtx®-200 (NPD)を用いたデュアルカラム-デュアル検出器方式を採用し，1回の注入により対象としたすべての農薬の迅速な分析を可能とした．添加回収率は全農薬で 70% 以上，相対標準偏差は60種の農薬で 20% 未満，検出限界は0.5～2 ppbと良好であった．本法を用いて野菜・果実中の農薬残留モニタリングを行ったところ30検体中20検体から15種類の農薬(平均2.0種類/検体)が検出された．","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76681509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-25DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.404
肇 石綿, 基弘 西島, 喜延 深澤
The mean concentration and daily intake of five preservatives were estimated based on the results of an analysis of 89,927 samples of food obtained in official inspections by Japanese local governments in fiscal year 1998. The mean concentration of benzoic acid was 9.5% of the allowable limit, and those of dehydroacetic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, propionic acid, and sorbic acid were 1.5%, 5.7%, 1.7%, and 23.9%, respectively. Daily intake levels of these preservatives per person estimated from the concentration and daily consumption of foods were 6.23 mg, 0.0303 mg, 1.02 mg, 8.10 mg, and 25.0 mg, respectively, and assuming a body weight of 50 kg, the amounts of benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and sorbic acid consumed were 2.5%, 0.2%, and 2.0% of their acceptable daily intakes, respectively. These values were similar to those obtained based on the results of the official inspections in fiscal years 1994 and 1996.
{"title":"全国の行政検査結果(1998年度)を基にした食品中の防かび剤の濃度実態及び摂取量の推定","authors":"肇 石綿, 基弘 西島, 喜延 深澤","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.404","url":null,"abstract":"The mean concentration and daily intake of five preservatives were estimated based on the results of an analysis of 89,927 samples of food obtained in official inspections by Japanese local governments in fiscal year 1998. The mean concentration of benzoic acid was 9.5% of the allowable limit, and those of dehydroacetic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, propionic acid, and sorbic acid were 1.5%, 5.7%, 1.7%, and 23.9%, respectively. Daily intake levels of these preservatives per person estimated from the concentration and daily consumption of foods were 6.23 mg, 0.0303 mg, 1.02 mg, 8.10 mg, and 25.0 mg, respectively, and assuming a body weight of 50 kg, the amounts of benzoic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and sorbic acid consumed were 2.5%, 0.2%, and 2.0% of their acceptable daily intakes, respectively. These values were similar to those obtained based on the results of the official inspections in fiscal years 1994 and 1996.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77373024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"食用赤色40号(アルラレッドAC)及び黄色5号(サンセットイエローFCF)のアルミニウムレーキ中有機性不純物のHPLC定量用試験液調製法の検討","authors":"S. Tsuji, Y. Umino, Y. Amakura, Y. Tonogai","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.379","url":null,"abstract":"第7版食品添加物公定書に従った食用赤色40号アルミニウムレーキ(R-40Al)中の副成色素などの有機性不純物のHPLC定量では再現性などに問題があった．これは試験液に存在する高濃度のアルミニウムが原因と考えられた．そこで，R-40Alをアンモニアアルカリ性で煮沸し，水酸化アルミニウムのコロイド状沈殿を除去した上清を試験液とする試験液調製法を開発した．本法により，再現性のある定量結果が得られ，添加回収率も改善された．また，食用黄色5号アルミニウムレーキについても適用可能であった．","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80501239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-12-25DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.359
S. Nemoto, M. Omura, S. Takatsuki, K. Sasaki, M. Toyoda
An analytical method has been developed for the determination of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol (TTBP) in foods. TTBP was determined by GC/MS (SIM) after extraction from food samples using a steam distillation technique. The developed method was able to determine simultaneously 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP), 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol (3,5-DTBP) and 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol (2,4-DTPP). The method was applied to analyze the residues of the 5 phenolic compounds in 101 food samples purchased from markets. TTBP was found in some samples of meat, liver and fish (muscle) at the levels of trace (tr)-0.50 ng/g, tr and tr-1.83 ng/g, respectively. 2,4-DTBP was found in some samples of vegetables, meat, liver, fish (muscle) and fish (viscera) at the levels of 1.4-10.6 ng/g, 2.7-26.4 ng/g, tr-34.2 ng/g, tr-21.6 ng/g and tr, respectively. 2,6-DTBP was found in some samples of fish (muscle) and fish (viscera) at the levels of tr-3.9 ng/g and tr, respectively. 3,5-DTBP and 2,4-DTPP were not found in any of the analyzed samples.
{"title":"食品中の2,4,6-トリ-tert-ブチルフェノール及び関連化合物の分析","authors":"S. Nemoto, M. Omura, S. Takatsuki, K. Sasaki, M. Toyoda","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.359","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical method has been developed for the determination of 2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenol (TTBP) in foods. TTBP was determined by GC/MS (SIM) after extraction from food samples using a steam distillation technique. The developed method was able to determine simultaneously 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2,4-DTBP), 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol (2,6-DTBP), 3,5-di-tert-butylphenol (3,5-DTBP) and 2,4-di-tert-pentylphenol (2,4-DTPP). The method was applied to analyze the residues of the 5 phenolic compounds in 101 food samples purchased from markets. TTBP was found in some samples of meat, liver and fish (muscle) at the levels of trace (tr)-0.50 ng/g, tr and tr-1.83 ng/g, respectively. 2,4-DTBP was found in some samples of vegetables, meat, liver, fish (muscle) and fish (viscera) at the levels of 1.4-10.6 ng/g, 2.7-26.4 ng/g, tr-34.2 ng/g, tr-21.6 ng/g and tr, respectively. 2,6-DTBP was found in some samples of fish (muscle) and fish (viscera) at the levels of tr-3.9 ng/g and tr, respectively. 3,5-DTBP and 2,4-DTPP were not found in any of the analyzed samples.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86269980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-25DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.220
K. Egoshi, H. Nakaoka, T. Oka, K. Abo
To study of the behavior of Trp-P-1 and its metabolites in rat feces and urine, rats were orally administered with Trp-P-1 (750, 1,500 and 2,500 micrograms/rat), and excreted Trp-P-1 was analyzed using HPLC assay and bacterial mutagenicity assay. The extraction of Trp-P-1 from urine was performed by using the chloroform extraction method, and blue rayon was used for the extraction from feces. When Trp-P-1 was added to rat feces and urine, the recoveries of Trp-P-1 were 85.9 +/- 3.9% and 91.3 +/- 3.7%, respectively. The extracts of feces and urine from rats administered with Trp-P-1 were individually fractionated by thin layer chromatography on C18 gel. The major mutagenic zone corresponding to Trp-P-1 was found at Rf 0.09 in both extracts, while the feces extract gave two additional mutagenic zones at Rf 0.15 and 0.20. More than 97% of the fecal mutagenic activity was due to unchanged Trp-P-1. In rats administered with 750 micrograms of Trp-P-1, the amount of extracted Trp-P-1 and the number of His+ colonies induced by whole excreta were 81.6 +/- 7.1 micrograms (n = 6) and (432 +/- 77) x 10(4) for feces, and 28.7 +/- 4.9 micrograms and (171 +/- 28) x 10(4) for urine. The recoveries of Trp-P-1 in the feces and urine were 10.8 +/- 0.9% and 3.8 +/- 0.7% by HPLC analysis, and 11.1 +/- 2.0% and 4.4 +/- 0.7% by mutagenicity assay respectively. The results of the two assays seemed to show similar patterns of recovery.
{"title":"ラット排泄物中でのTrp-P-1及びその代謝物の挙動","authors":"K. Egoshi, H. Nakaoka, T. Oka, K. Abo","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.220","url":null,"abstract":"To study of the behavior of Trp-P-1 and its metabolites in rat feces and urine, rats were orally administered with Trp-P-1 (750, 1,500 and 2,500 micrograms/rat), and excreted Trp-P-1 was analyzed using HPLC assay and bacterial mutagenicity assay. The extraction of Trp-P-1 from urine was performed by using the chloroform extraction method, and blue rayon was used for the extraction from feces. When Trp-P-1 was added to rat feces and urine, the recoveries of Trp-P-1 were 85.9 +/- 3.9% and 91.3 +/- 3.7%, respectively. The extracts of feces and urine from rats administered with Trp-P-1 were individually fractionated by thin layer chromatography on C18 gel. The major mutagenic zone corresponding to Trp-P-1 was found at Rf 0.09 in both extracts, while the feces extract gave two additional mutagenic zones at Rf 0.15 and 0.20. More than 97% of the fecal mutagenic activity was due to unchanged Trp-P-1. In rats administered with 750 micrograms of Trp-P-1, the amount of extracted Trp-P-1 and the number of His+ colonies induced by whole excreta were 81.6 +/- 7.1 micrograms (n = 6) and (432 +/- 77) x 10(4) for feces, and 28.7 +/- 4.9 micrograms and (171 +/- 28) x 10(4) for urine. The recoveries of Trp-P-1 in the feces and urine were 10.8 +/- 0.9% and 3.8 +/- 0.7% by HPLC analysis, and 11.1 +/- 2.0% and 4.4 +/- 0.7% by mutagenicity assay respectively. The results of the two assays seemed to show similar patterns of recovery.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73026882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ラット好塩基球白血病細胞内の β-ヘキソサミニダーゼ遊離に及ぼす含窒素及びカーバメイト系農薬等の影響","authors":"之雄 田中, 修三 田口, 精作 吉田, 堀 伸二郎, 裕 高垣","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.257","url":null,"abstract":"12種類の含窒素農薬，14種類のカーバメイト系農薬及びその他の農薬4種類について，in vitro におけるラット好塩基球白血病細胞からの顆粒内酵素β-ヘキソサミニダーゼの遊離を指標として，即時型アレルギー反応に及ぼす影響を検討した．その結果，β-ヘキソサミニダーゼの遊離を亢進させる農薬として，含窒素農薬のビテルタノール，ピリダベンと有機スズ農薬のシヘキサチン，酸化フェンブタスズが見いだされ，また，遊離を抑制させる農薬として，含窒素農薬のプロピコナゾール，トリアジメノールとそのほかの農薬のイマザリルが見いだされた．一方，カーバメイト系農薬は遊離に対してほとんど影響を及ぼさなかった．","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73897296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-08-25DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.262
H. Fujikawa, T. Wauke, T. Arai, S. Sekine, S. Morozumi, Y. Naito, S. Ono, M. Shiraishi, H. Shiomi
: Food hygiene in Japanese-style confectionery factories is hard to practice because the businesses are small. In a supporting system of voluntary-based hygienic management in this field, we microbiologically investigated the production processes of "Monaka" in a workshop in Tokyo. We microbiologically assessed the processing environments as well as the products in the workshop, then proposed some improvements in the production of the confectionery. After the improvements, microbial contamination of the processing environments was reduced and no microbial contamination was found in the sugared bean, or "An" produced, though the product "Monaka" was still contaminated, especially by molds. It was clarified that the molds came from contaminated baked wheat shells, or "Kawa" and further that the wheat shells were contaminated by molds during storage.
{"title":"和菓子「最中」製造における微生物汚染の解析事例","authors":"H. Fujikawa, T. Wauke, T. Arai, S. Sekine, S. Morozumi, Y. Naito, S. Ono, M. Shiraishi, H. Shiomi","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.262","url":null,"abstract":": Food hygiene in Japanese-style confectionery factories is hard to practice because the businesses are small. In a supporting system of voluntary-based hygienic management in this field, we microbiologically investigated the production processes of \"Monaka\" in a workshop in Tokyo. We microbiologically assessed the processing environments as well as the products in the workshop, then proposed some improvements in the production of the confectionery. After the improvements, microbial contamination of the processing environments was reduced and no microbial contamination was found in the sugared bean, or \"An\" produced, though the product \"Monaka\" was still contaminated, especially by molds. It was clarified that the molds came from contaminated baked wheat shells, or \"Kawa\" and further that the wheat shells were contaminated by molds during storage.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76914621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dietary intake of a poisonous mushroom, Clitocybe acromelalga, causes acromelalgia. The symptom continues for over a month. Some papers reported that treatment with nicotinic acid is effective. We have established an animal model to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity of the poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga. Diet containing Clitocybe acromelalga was fed to niacin-deficient rats for 24 hours (designated as day 0). The food intake decreased to about one-half compared with that of day before, and body weight loss was noted. Although the diet was returned to the control diet on day 1, the food intake did not recover until day 7, and body weight gain was not seen until day 6. A severe symptom resembling acromelalgia in humans started to appear on day 3. This is the first report of an animal model for the intoxication of Clitocybe acromelalga in humans. Since no similar symptom resembling human intoxication was seen in a previous rodent study, the niacin-free/tryptophan-limited diet used in the present study may have contributed to the result.
{"title":"ドクササコ(Clitocybe acromelalga)の毒性発現機構解明のためのモデル動物の作成","authors":"Tsutomu Fukuwatari, Etsuro Sugimoto, Kazumasa Yokoyama, Katsumi Shibata","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.185","url":null,"abstract":"Dietary intake of a poisonous mushroom, Clitocybe acromelalga, causes acromelalgia. The symptom continues for over a month. Some papers reported that treatment with nicotinic acid is effective. We have established an animal model to elucidate the mechanism of toxicity of the poisonous mushroom Clitocybe acromelalga. Diet containing Clitocybe acromelalga was fed to niacin-deficient rats for 24 hours (designated as day 0). The food intake decreased to about one-half compared with that of day before, and body weight loss was noted. Although the diet was returned to the control diet on day 1, the food intake did not recover until day 7, and body weight gain was not seen until day 6. A severe symptom resembling acromelalgia in humans started to appear on day 3. This is the first report of an animal model for the intoxication of Clitocybe acromelalga in humans. Since no similar symptom resembling human intoxication was seen in a previous rodent study, the niacin-free/tryptophan-limited diet used in the present study may have contributed to the result.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85554067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
毒草中含有克里替丁和4-氨基喹啉酸。两种化合物都是色氨酸-烟酸代谢途径中间体的结构类似体。因此，我们调查了毒草的注射会对人体代谢产生怎样的影响。通过混食24小时给毒草喂食(喂食日=Day 0)。本代谢途径的代谢产物量在Day 0 ~ Day 1、Day 1 ~ Day 2显著上升，血液中色氨酸含量和NAD含量也在Day 1显著上升。因此，摄取毒草并没有阻碍本转换途径，反而表明存在使代谢产物增大的化合物。
{"title":"ドクササコ(Clitocybe acromelalga)の投与がトリプトファン–ナイアシン代謝に及ぼす影響","authors":"努 福渡, 悦郎 杉本, 克己 柴田","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.42.190","url":null,"abstract":"ドクササコにはクリチジンと4-アミノキノリン酸が含まれている．両化合物ともにトリプトファン–ナイアシン代謝経路中間体の構造類似体である．そこで、ドクササコの投与が本代謝にどのような影響を与えるのかを調べた．ドクササコを混餌により24時間投与した(投与日=Day 0)．本代謝経路の代謝産物量はDay 0～Day 1，Day 1～Day 2で有意に上昇した，血液中にトリプトファン含量とNAD含量もDay 1で有意に上昇した．したがって，ドクササコの摂取によって本転換経路が阻害されることは認められず，むしろ，代謝産物を増大させる化合物の存在を示唆する結果が得られた．","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75472617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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