Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_481
M. Kawasaki, T. Ono, M. Murayama, M. Toyoda, S. Uchiyama
Thiabendazole (TBZ) is a benzimidazole antibacterial agent used as an anthelminthic for livestock. 5-Hydroxythiabendazole (5-OH TBZ) is a metabolite formed by hydroxylation of TBZ in an animal's body. The recovery of 5-OH TBZ from animals by extraction in conventional TBZ analysis, which employs a strongly alkaline (pH 11.0) buffer, is as low as 50%. In order to establish a method for simultaneous analysis of TBZ and 5-OH TBZ with high recovery, we examined the optimum pH of a buffer for extraction, a suitable solvent for extraction, and a clean-up column. As a result, it was found that the optimum pH of the buffer was 9.0 and that suitable solvents were ethyl acetate (AcOEt) for pig muscle and liver, and MeCN for pig fat and cow's milk. Among the three types of solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up columns investigated, the highest recovery for both chemicals was achieved by using an alumina N (ALN) column.
{"title":"Determination of Thiabendazole and 5-Hydroxythiabendazole in Livestock Foods by HPLC-UV","authors":"M. Kawasaki, T. Ono, M. Murayama, M. Toyoda, S. Uchiyama","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_481","url":null,"abstract":"Thiabendazole (TBZ) is a benzimidazole antibacterial agent used as an anthelminthic for livestock. 5-Hydroxythiabendazole (5-OH TBZ) is a metabolite formed by hydroxylation of TBZ in an animal's body. The recovery of 5-OH TBZ from animals by extraction in conventional TBZ analysis, which employs a strongly alkaline (pH 11.0) buffer, is as low as 50%. In order to establish a method for simultaneous analysis of TBZ and 5-OH TBZ with high recovery, we examined the optimum pH of a buffer for extraction, a suitable solvent for extraction, and a clean-up column. As a result, it was found that the optimum pH of the buffer was 9.0 and that suitable solvents were ethyl acetate (AcOEt) for pig muscle and liver, and MeCN for pig fat and cow's milk. Among the three types of solid phase extraction (SPE) clean-up columns investigated, the highest recovery for both chemicals was achieved by using an alumina N (ALN) column.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78803908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_494
M. Toyoda, Hiroyasu Uchibe, T. Yanagi, Y. Kono, T. Hori, T. Iida
(*1National Institute of Health Sciences: 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan; *2Japan Food Research Laboratories: 52-1, Motoyoyogi-cho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0062, Japan; *3Japan Food Research Laboratories Tama Laboratory: 6-11-10, Nagayama, Tama-shi, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan; *4Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences: 39, Mukaizano, Dazaifu-shi, Fukuoka 818-0135, Japan)
{"title":"Decreased Daily Intake of PCDDs, PCDFs and Co-PCBs from Foods in Japan from 1977 to 1998","authors":"M. Toyoda, Hiroyasu Uchibe, T. Yanagi, Y. Kono, T. Hori, T. Iida","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_494","url":null,"abstract":"(*1National Institute of Health Sciences: 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan; *2Japan Food Research Laboratories: 52-1, Motoyoyogi-cho, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 151-0062, Japan; *3Japan Food Research Laboratories Tama Laboratory: 6-11-10, Nagayama, Tama-shi, Tokyo 206-0025, Japan; *4Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences: 39, Mukaizano, Dazaifu-shi, Fukuoka 818-0135, Japan)","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83940489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_426
M. Tanu, T. Noguchi
The toxicity and toxic principle of the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda collected from Bangladesh during November to December, 1998 were examined. Although egg, testis and viscera were recognized to be toxic, their toxicity levels were comparatively low (under 10 MU/g; maximum of 7.4MU/g in egg). The toxin was purified by ultrafiltration through a YM-1 membrane and two types of chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70. The separated toxin was analyzed by HPLC, TLC, electrophoresis, and 1H-NMR, and identified as tetrodotoxin. This is the first report on the toxicity and toxic principle of the Bangladeshi horseshoe crab.
{"title":"Tetrodotoxin as a Toxic Principle in the Horseshoe Crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda Collected from Bangladesh","authors":"M. Tanu, T. Noguchi","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_426","url":null,"abstract":"The toxicity and toxic principle of the horseshoe crab Carcinoscorpius rotundicauda collected from Bangladesh during November to December, 1998 were examined. Although egg, testis and viscera were recognized to be toxic, their toxicity levels were comparatively low (under 10 MU/g; maximum of 7.4MU/g in egg). The toxin was purified by ultrafiltration through a YM-1 membrane and two types of chromatography on Bio-Gel P-2 and Bio-Rex 70. The separated toxin was analyzed by HPLC, TLC, electrophoresis, and 1H-NMR, and identified as tetrodotoxin. This is the first report on the toxicity and toxic principle of the Bangladeshi horseshoe crab.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83495316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_431
S. Tabata, H. Kamimura, M. Nishijima, S. Tanabe
In the manufacturing process for commercial cornstarch, corn is soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO3), which reduces aflatoxin (AF) B1. The conversion product from AFB1 by treatment with NaHSO3 under similar conditions to those of the manufacturing process for cornstarch was investigated. After treatment of AFB1 standard, the conversion product (compound I) was isolated and identified by FAB-MS and NMR. A sulfo group was added to the double bond of bisfuran ring of AFB1. We applied the treatment to artificially and naturally AF-contaminated corn and confirmed that compound I was produced from AFB1. In the case of artificially AF-contaminated corn, 915ng of AFB1 was reduced, and 506ng of compound I was produced from 2, 000ng of AFB1 by NaHSO3. It was suggested that the conversion product is actually produced from AFB1 in the manufacturing process for commercial cornstarch. Effective detoxification is expected, because compound I is a watersoluble compound, and lacks the double bond in the bisfuran ring, which is activated to react with DNA.
在商业玉米淀粉的制造过程中，玉米浸泡在亚硫酸氢钠(NaHSO3)的水溶液中，以减少黄曲霉毒素(AF) B1。研究了在与玉米淀粉生产工艺相似的条件下，用NaHSO3处理AFB1的转化产物。经AFB1标准品处理后，分离得到转化产物(化合物I)，并通过FAB-MS和NMR进行鉴定。在AFB1双呋喃环的双键上加入了一个亚砜基团。我们对人工和天然AFB1污染的玉米进行了处理，确认化合物I是从AFB1中产生的。在人工污染AFB1的玉米中，NaHSO3还原了915ng AFB1，并从2000 ng AFB1中产生506ng化合物I。结果表明，该转化产物实际上是由AFB1在商品玉米淀粉的生产过程中产生的。有效的解毒是预期的，因为化合物I是一种水溶性化合物，并且在双呋喃环中缺乏双键，而双键被激活以与DNA反应。
{"title":"A Study of the Conversion of Aflatoxin B1 by Treatment with Sodium Hydrogen Sulfite","authors":"S. Tabata, H. Kamimura, M. Nishijima, S. Tanabe","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_431","url":null,"abstract":"In the manufacturing process for commercial cornstarch, corn is soaked in an aqueous solution of sodium hydrogen sulfite (NaHSO3), which reduces aflatoxin (AF) B1. The conversion product from AFB1 by treatment with NaHSO3 under similar conditions to those of the manufacturing process for cornstarch was investigated. After treatment of AFB1 standard, the conversion product (compound I) was isolated and identified by FAB-MS and NMR. A sulfo group was added to the double bond of bisfuran ring of AFB1. We applied the treatment to artificially and naturally AF-contaminated corn and confirmed that compound I was produced from AFB1. In the case of artificially AF-contaminated corn, 915ng of AFB1 was reduced, and 506ng of compound I was produced from 2, 000ng of AFB1 by NaHSO3. It was suggested that the conversion product is actually produced from AFB1 in the manufacturing process for commercial cornstarch. Effective detoxification is expected, because compound I is a watersoluble compound, and lacks the double bond in the bisfuran ring, which is activated to react with DNA.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77339236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_438
H. Akiyama, H. Okunuki, S. Tsuzuki, S. Arami, H. Miura, J. Sakushima, R. Teshima, Y. Goda, A. Hind, J. Sawada, M. Toyoda
Shikimic acid 3-phosphate (S-3-P) is needed as a substrate to detect the enzyme activity of 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid 3-phosphate synthase (CP4EPSPS), which is expressed in genetically modified soybeans. Therefore, we attempted the over-expression of shikimate kinase II (SK-II) in E. coli to biosynthetically obtain S-3-P. The aroL gene encoding SK-II was constructed in the expression vector pET22b(+). The aroL expression vector was then transfected into E. coli strain BL21 using the electroporation method. The activity of the obtained aroL protein was confirmed by HPLC using an amino-silica column and incorporation of [32P] from labeled ATP to shikimic acid. The determination of the reaction product was performed by LC/MS using a carbon column and periodate treatment.HPLC using a carbon column does not use a non-volatile buffer as the mobile phase. Thus, this method should be useful for preparing S-3-P from the crude reaction mixture of SK-II.
{"title":"Construction of an Expression System of Shikimate Kinase II and Preparation of Shikimic Acid 3-Phosphate","authors":"H. Akiyama, H. Okunuki, S. Tsuzuki, S. Arami, H. Miura, J. Sakushima, R. Teshima, Y. Goda, A. Hind, J. Sawada, M. Toyoda","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_438","url":null,"abstract":"Shikimic acid 3-phosphate (S-3-P) is needed as a substrate to detect the enzyme activity of 5-enolpyruvylshikimic acid 3-phosphate synthase (CP4EPSPS), which is expressed in genetically modified soybeans. Therefore, we attempted the over-expression of shikimate kinase II (SK-II) in E. coli to biosynthetically obtain S-3-P. The aroL gene encoding SK-II was constructed in the expression vector pET22b(+). The aroL expression vector was then transfected into E. coli strain BL21 using the electroporation method. The activity of the obtained aroL protein was confirmed by HPLC using an amino-silica column and incorporation of [32P] from labeled ATP to shikimic acid. The determination of the reaction product was performed by LC/MS using a carbon column and periodate treatment.HPLC using a carbon column does not use a non-volatile buffer as the mobile phase. Thus, this method should be useful for preparing S-3-P from the crude reaction mixture of SK-II.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87229643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_460
K. Sasaki, S. Takatsuki, S. Nemoto, M. Imanaka, S. Eto, E. Murakami, M. Toyoda
An analytical method using GC/MS was developed for the determination of 11 alkylphenols and 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) residues in various foods. The phenolic compounds were extracted with 50% diethyl ether-hexane after the alkaline decomposition of food samples. The extracts were cleaned up on an acidic alumina column and a SAX cartridge. The phenolic compounds were derivatived with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and the derivatives or parent compounds were determined by GC/MS (SIM or SCAN). The method was applied to determine alkylphenols and 2, 4-DCP residues in 190 food samples purchased from markets. 4-Nonylphenol was found in some fish, meat and vegetables at the levels of 10-723ng/g, 9-180ng/g and 7-131ng/g, respectively. In addition, 2, 4-DCP was detected in some vegetables (2-17ng/g).
{"title":"Determination of alkylphenols and 2, 4-dichlorophenol in foods","authors":"K. Sasaki, S. Takatsuki, S. Nemoto, M. Imanaka, S. Eto, E. Murakami, M. Toyoda","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_460","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_460","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical method using GC/MS was developed for the determination of 11 alkylphenols and 2, 4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) residues in various foods. The phenolic compounds were extracted with 50% diethyl ether-hexane after the alkaline decomposition of food samples. The extracts were cleaned up on an acidic alumina column and a SAX cartridge. The phenolic compounds were derivatived with heptafluorobutyric anhydride and the derivatives or parent compounds were determined by GC/MS (SIM or SCAN). The method was applied to determine alkylphenols and 2, 4-DCP residues in 190 food samples purchased from markets. 4-Nonylphenol was found in some fish, meat and vegetables at the levels of 10-723ng/g, 9-180ng/g and 7-131ng/g, respectively. In addition, 2, 4-DCP was detected in some vegetables (2-17ng/g).","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81800559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_488
M. Hirokado, K. Kimura, Keiko Suzuki, Y. Sadamasu, Y. Katsuki, K. Yasuda, M. Nishijima
Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) methods were developed to detect five kinds of natural colors in processed foods. Cochineal extract, lac color and carthamus yellow were extracted from samples with 50% aqueous methanol or 50% aqueous acetonitrile under an acidic condition, and these extracts were purified using a polyamide column with 2% aqueous ammonia-ethanol (1:1) solution as the eluant. Madder color and carthamus red were extracted from samples with 50% aqueous N, N-dimethylformamide or 50% aqueous acetonitrile, and these extracts were purified using a reversed-phase column (C18) with 50% aqueous methanol as the eluant. The natural colors in each eluate were detected by C18 reversed-phase and cellulose high performance TLC. For liquid processed foods, the extraction was not necessary. Commercial food additive grade natural colors were used as standards for TLC.The detection limits from spiked processed foods were 100ppm for madder color, 5ppm for cochineal extract and lac color, 30-50ppm for carthamus yellow and 5-25ppm for carthamus red.The proposed method was successfully applied to the detection of natural colors in 30 kinds of commercial processed foods whose labels indicated them to contain natural color.
{"title":"Detection method of madder color, cochineal extract, lac color, carthamus yellow and carthamus red in processed foods by TLC","authors":"M. Hirokado, K. Kimura, Keiko Suzuki, Y. Sadamasu, Y. Katsuki, K. Yasuda, M. Nishijima","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_488","url":null,"abstract":"Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) methods were developed to detect five kinds of natural colors in processed foods. Cochineal extract, lac color and carthamus yellow were extracted from samples with 50% aqueous methanol or 50% aqueous acetonitrile under an acidic condition, and these extracts were purified using a polyamide column with 2% aqueous ammonia-ethanol (1:1) solution as the eluant. Madder color and carthamus red were extracted from samples with 50% aqueous N, N-dimethylformamide or 50% aqueous acetonitrile, and these extracts were purified using a reversed-phase column (C18) with 50% aqueous methanol as the eluant. The natural colors in each eluate were detected by C18 reversed-phase and cellulose high performance TLC. For liquid processed foods, the extraction was not necessary. Commercial food additive grade natural colors were used as standards for TLC.The detection limits from spiked processed foods were 100ppm for madder color, 5ppm for cochineal extract and lac color, 30-50ppm for carthamus yellow and 5-25ppm for carthamus red.The proposed method was successfully applied to the detection of natural colors in 30 kinds of commercial processed foods whose labels indicated them to contain natural color.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76437273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_473
Y. Mahmud, M. Tanu, T. Noguch
On November 16, 1998 a food poisoning incident due to ingestion of roe of Takifugu oblongus occurred in Bangladesh, affecting 8 people inclusive of 5 deaths. Their symptoms resembled those caused by tetrodotoxin (TTX) or paralytic shellfish poison (PSP). Immediately after the incident, twenty-two specimens of T. oblongus were collected from the seashore adjacent to the concerned poisoning area and their anatomical distribution of toxicity was determined. They showed a high level of toxicity in the ovary (24.5-323.8MU/g), though the toxicity levels of the other tissues, skin, muscle, liver, testis, and the viscera (except liver), were relatively low (<2-21.3MU/g). In contrast, a total of 336 specimens of three marine puffers, T. oblongus, Lagocephalus wheeleri and L. lunaris, which were collected on a regular sampling basis from Bangladesh, showed very low toxicity of less than 10MU/g in all or most tissues including gonad. The toxin partially purified from the T. oblongus specimens, as well as from the other two species, was indistinguishable from TTX in HPLC analysis. From this result and the symptoms of the victims, the causative agent in the above incident was assumed to be TTX.
{"title":"First Occurrence of a Food Poisoning Incident Due to Ingestion of Takifugu oblongus, Along with a Toxicological Report on Three Marine Puffer Species in Bangladesh","authors":"Y. Mahmud, M. Tanu, T. Noguch","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_473","url":null,"abstract":"On November 16, 1998 a food poisoning incident due to ingestion of roe of Takifugu oblongus occurred in Bangladesh, affecting 8 people inclusive of 5 deaths. Their symptoms resembled those caused by tetrodotoxin (TTX) or paralytic shellfish poison (PSP). Immediately after the incident, twenty-two specimens of T. oblongus were collected from the seashore adjacent to the concerned poisoning area and their anatomical distribution of toxicity was determined. They showed a high level of toxicity in the ovary (24.5-323.8MU/g), though the toxicity levels of the other tissues, skin, muscle, liver, testis, and the viscera (except liver), were relatively low (<2-21.3MU/g). In contrast, a total of 336 specimens of three marine puffers, T. oblongus, Lagocephalus wheeleri and L. lunaris, which were collected on a regular sampling basis from Bangladesh, showed very low toxicity of less than 10MU/g in all or most tissues including gonad. The toxin partially purified from the T. oblongus specimens, as well as from the other two species, was indistinguishable from TTX in HPLC analysis. From this result and the symptoms of the victims, the causative agent in the above incident was assumed to be TTX.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90556727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-05DOI: 10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_455
M. Kamikura, K. Yoshihira, Y. Goda
Subsidiary colors (P1 and P2) in commercial food red No. 104 (R104) were isolated as acidic forms by preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were characterized on the basis of physicochemical evidence. The structures of P1 and P2 are 4′, 5′-dibromo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrachloro-3′, 6′-dioxidospiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H), 9′-[9H]xanthen]-3-one and 2′, 4′, 5′-tribromo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrachloro-3′, 6′-dioxidospiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H), 9′-[9H]xanthen]-3-one, respectively. Quantitative HPLC analyses of P1 and P2 were performed on commercial R 104 (9 samples from 4 makers). P2 was contained in all the samples in the range from 0.08% to 5.21%, while P1 was not detected in 5 samples and the highest content was 0.06%.
{"title":"Structural Determination of Subsidiary Colors in Food Red No. 104 and Their Contents in Commercial Products","authors":"M. Kamikura, K. Yoshihira, Y. Goda","doi":"10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3358/SHOKUEISHI.40.6_455","url":null,"abstract":"Subsidiary colors (P1 and P2) in commercial food red No. 104 (R104) were isolated as acidic forms by preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were characterized on the basis of physicochemical evidence. The structures of P1 and P2 are 4′, 5′-dibromo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrachloro-3′, 6′-dioxidospiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H), 9′-[9H]xanthen]-3-one and 2′, 4′, 5′-tribromo-4, 5, 6, 7-tetrachloro-3′, 6′-dioxidospiro[isobenzofuran-1(3H), 9′-[9H]xanthen]-3-one, respectively. Quantitative HPLC analyses of P1 and P2 were performed on commercial R 104 (9 samples from 4 makers). P2 was contained in all the samples in the range from 0.08% to 5.21%, while P1 was not detected in 5 samples and the highest content was 0.06%.","PeriodicalId":17269,"journal":{"name":"Journal of The Food Hygienic Society of Japan (shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89825424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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