Pub Date : 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102433
Pallavi D. Hambarde, Nitin P. Garad, Ashok C. Kumbharkhane
Dielectric studies were performed on binary mixtures of n-butyl acetate (n-BA) and tert-butyl acetate (TBA) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique. The obtained complex permittivity spectra were interpreted using the Cole–Davidson relaxation model. Parameters such as the static dielectric constant and relaxation time were extracted through the Least Squares fit method. The Kirkwood correlation factor, Bruggeman factor, excess dielectric properties, and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated. The Kirkwood correlation factor revealed enhanced dipolar alignment with increasing DMSO content, while the Bruggeman factor decreased with decreasing temperature, indicating stronger hydrogen bonding and more uniform dielectric behavior. Excess dielectric and thermodynamic parameters further confirmed the presence of hydrogen bonding, with stronger associative effects observed in n-BA–DMSO mixtures.
{"title":"Investigation of dielectric properties and hydrogen bonding in n-butyl acetate and tert-butyl acetate - DMSO binary mixtures using time domain reflectometry","authors":"Pallavi D. Hambarde, Nitin P. Garad, Ashok C. Kumbharkhane","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dielectric studies were performed on binary mixtures of n-butyl acetate (n-BA) and tert-butyl acetate (TBA) with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) using Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technique. The obtained complex permittivity spectra were interpreted using the Cole–Davidson relaxation model. Parameters such as the static dielectric constant and relaxation time were extracted through the Least Squares fit method. The Kirkwood correlation factor, Bruggeman factor, excess dielectric properties, and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated. The Kirkwood correlation factor revealed enhanced dipolar alignment with increasing DMSO content, while the Bruggeman factor decreased with decreasing temperature, indicating stronger hydrogen bonding and more uniform dielectric behavior. Excess dielectric and thermodynamic parameters further confirmed the presence of hydrogen bonding, with stronger associative effects observed in n-BA–DMSO mixtures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102433"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102424
A. Meena , H. Saleem , N. Shanmugam , Annamalai Senthil Kumar , M. Suganya , L. Guganathan
MnO2 composites incorporating varying amounts of cinnamon-derived activated carbon (AC) were synthesized via a hydrothermal route to develop sustainable supercapacitor electrodes. Structural analysis confirms that the incorporation of AC effectively refines the MnO2 crystallite size from 22.35 to 15.11 nm and stabilizes the electrochemically active α-MnO2 phase with oxygen-vacancy–induced defects. The oxygen-rich functional groups on the AC surface serve as nucleation and anchoring sites for Mn2+ precursors, promoting uniform growth and dispersion of MnO2 nanorods within the porous carbon matrix. The optimized composite containing 1 g AC (MC3) exhibits a high specific surface area of 509 m2 g−1 with interconnected mesoporosity, providing efficient ion diffusion and charge transport. Electrochemical studies in 2 M KOH reveal a specific capacitance of 591 F g−1 at 2 A g−1, excellent rate capability, and a high energy–power balance of 223 Wh kg−1 at 2063 W kg−1. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy further indicates low charge-transfer resistance (7.83 Ω) and rapid relaxation dynamics (59 μs). These findings demonstrate that cinnamon-derived activated carbon serves as an effective conductive scaffold for tuning the structural and electrochemical characteristics of MnO2, offering an eco-friendly route to high-performance energy-storage materials.
通过水热法合成了含有不同量肉桂衍生活性炭（AC）的二氧化锰复合材料，以开发可持续的超级电容器电极。结构分析证实，AC的加入有效地将MnO2晶粒尺寸从22.35 nm细化到15.11 nm，并稳定了具有氧空位缺陷的电化学活性α-MnO2相。活性炭表面的富氧官能团作为Mn2+前驱体的成核和锚定位点，促进了MnO2纳米棒在多孔碳基体中的均匀生长和分散。优化后的复合材料含有1g AC (MC3)，具有509 m2 g−1的高比表面积，具有相互连接的介孔，提供高效的离子扩散和电荷传输。在2 M KOH条件下的电化学研究表明，该材料在2 a g−1条件下的比电容为591 F g−1，具有优异的倍率性能，在2063 W kg−1条件下具有223 Wh kg−1的高能量-功率平衡。电化学阻抗谱进一步显示了低的电荷转移电阻（7.83 Ω）和快速的弛豫动力学（59 μs）。这些发现表明，肉桂酸衍生的活性炭作为一种有效的导电支架，可以调节二氧化锰的结构和电化学特性，为高性能储能材料提供了一条环保的途径。
{"title":"Synergistic MnO2/cinnamon-derived activated carbon composites for sustainable, high-performance supercapacitors","authors":"A. Meena , H. Saleem , N. Shanmugam , Annamalai Senthil Kumar , M. Suganya , L. Guganathan","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MnO<sub>2</sub> composites incorporating varying amounts of cinnamon-derived activated carbon (AC) were synthesized via a hydrothermal route to develop sustainable supercapacitor electrodes. Structural analysis confirms that the incorporation of AC effectively refines the MnO<sub>2</sub> crystallite size from 22.35 to 15.11 nm and stabilizes the electrochemically active α-MnO<sub>2</sub> phase with oxygen-vacancy–induced defects. The oxygen-rich functional groups on the AC surface serve as nucleation and anchoring sites for Mn<sup>2+</sup> precursors, promoting uniform growth and dispersion of MnO<sub>2</sub> nanorods within the porous carbon matrix. The optimized composite containing 1 g AC (MC3) exhibits a high specific surface area of 509 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> with interconnected mesoporosity, providing efficient ion diffusion and charge transport. Electrochemical studies in 2 M KOH reveal a specific capacitance of 591 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 2 A g<sup>−1</sup>, excellent rate capability, and a high energy–power balance of 223 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at 2063 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy further indicates low charge-transfer resistance (7.83 Ω) and rapid relaxation dynamics (59 μs). These findings demonstrate that cinnamon-derived activated carbon serves as an effective conductive scaffold for tuning the structural and electrochemical characteristics of MnO<sub>2</sub>, offering an eco-friendly route to high-performance energy-storage materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a promising semiconductor material having unique optical and photocatalytic properties, making it suitable for environmental remediation. This research work investigates the effect of acetic acid (AA) concentration on the hydrothermal synthesis of Cu2O and elaborates its application in the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB). By varying AA concentration, we investigated its influence on the morphology, crystallinity, and photocatalytic efficiency of Cu2O. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and Photo-Luminescence (PL) to investigate the relationship between synthesis parameters and material properties. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we calculated the optical and structural properties and compared them with the experimental results. The results of photocatalytic experiments under natural sunlight revealed a significant impact of AA concentration on MB degradation efficiency. This study emphasizes the role of AA as a key parameter for tailoring Cu2O properties to optimize its performance in dye degradation, offering insights for cost-effective wastewater treatment solutions.
{"title":"Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by hydrothermally synthesized Cu2O: Experimental and DFT analysis","authors":"Yugen Kulkarni , R. Greeshma , Niketa Pawar , Shirin Kulkarni , Prashant Chikode","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cuprous oxide (Cu<sub>2</sub>O) is a promising semiconductor material having unique optical and photocatalytic properties, making it suitable for environmental remediation. This research work investigates the effect of acetic acid (AA) concentration on the hydrothermal synthesis of Cu<sub>2</sub>O and elaborates its application in the degradation of Methylene Blue (MB). By varying AA concentration, we investigated its influence on the morphology, crystallinity, and photocatalytic efficiency of Cu<sub>2</sub>O. The synthesized samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), UV–vis spectroscopy, and Photo-Luminescence (PL) to investigate the relationship between synthesis parameters and material properties. Using Density Functional Theory (DFT), we calculated the optical and structural properties and compared them with the experimental results. The results of photocatalytic experiments under natural sunlight revealed a significant impact of AA concentration on MB degradation efficiency. This study emphasizes the role of AA as a key parameter for tailoring Cu<sub>2</sub>O properties to optimize its performance in dye degradation, offering insights for cost-effective wastewater treatment solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102419
Shafeeque Ahmed, Abdulhalim Shah Maulud, Muhammad Nawaz, Mohamad Azmi Bustam
Ion adsorption clay (IAC) serves as a source of rare earth elements. However, their leaching with conventional leaching agent using ammonium sulfate exhibits the challenges of ammonia nitrogen pollution. The ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as green and efficient alternatives for the recovery of rare earth elements. In this study potential ionic liquids and the influence of functional groups have been explored using conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) for leaching of yttrium oxide. A total of 437 ILs combination were screened, and their interaction with yttrium oxide was evaluated using the activity coefficient at infinite dilution; subsequently, their hydrophobicity, ecotoxicity, and influence of functional groups were investigated. The molecular interactions between ILs and yttrium oxide were examined from sigma surface, sigma profile, and sigma potential parameters. The findings of the study show that betainium-based ILs have more interactions as compared to cholinium-based ILs, and fluoride-based anions such as bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide and tetrafluoroborate exhibit the stronger interaction with yttrium oxide compared to halide and amino acid-based anions. Additionally, the alkyl chain length of the cation, family, symmetry, and functional group have been investigated, suggesting a decrease in interaction with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the cation. These insights highlight the potential of ILs in more sustainable and efficient leaching of yttrium oxide from ion adsorption clay.
{"title":"Evaluation and influence of ionic liquid functional group for leaching of yttrium oxide from ion adsorption clay","authors":"Shafeeque Ahmed, Abdulhalim Shah Maulud, Muhammad Nawaz, Mohamad Azmi Bustam","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ion adsorption clay (IAC) serves as a source of rare earth elements. However, their leaching with conventional leaching agent using ammonium sulfate exhibits the challenges of ammonia nitrogen pollution. The ionic liquids (ILs) have emerged as green and efficient alternatives for the recovery of rare earth elements. In this study potential ionic liquids and the influence of functional groups have been explored using conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) for leaching of yttrium oxide. A total of 437 ILs combination were screened, and their interaction with yttrium oxide was evaluated using the activity coefficient at infinite dilution; subsequently, their hydrophobicity, ecotoxicity, and influence of functional groups were investigated. The molecular interactions between ILs and yttrium oxide were examined from sigma surface, sigma profile, and sigma potential parameters. The findings of the study show that betainium-based ILs have more interactions as compared to cholinium-based ILs, and fluoride-based anions such as bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide and tetrafluoroborate exhibit the stronger interaction with yttrium oxide compared to halide and amino acid-based anions. Additionally, the alkyl chain length of the cation, family, symmetry, and functional group have been investigated, suggesting a decrease in interaction with an increase in the alkyl chain length of the cation. These insights highlight the potential of ILs in more sustainable and efficient leaching of yttrium oxide from ion adsorption clay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102419"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102415
Nasser Abdulatif Al-Shabib , Javed Masood Khan , Ajamaluddin Malik , Abdulaziz Alamri , Basim M. Alohali , Fohad Mabood Husain , Abdullah S. Alhomida
Polyphosphate food additives are usually used in modern food processing; their cumulative health effects remain insufficiently studied. This study investigates the impact of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on ovalbumin fibrillation. The data reveal that while very low SHMP concentrations (0.01–0.02 mM) do not induce amyloid fibril formation, concentrations between 0.03 and 5.0 mM promote fibrillation at acidic pH. SHMP-induced aggregation occurs rapidly without a nucleation phase and is concentration-dependent. Biophysical techniques, including ThT binding, far-UV CD, and TEM, confirm that SHMP-induced ovalbumin aggregates exhibit amyloid-like structures. Additionally, the role of salts in SHMP-induced aggregation was explored. Low concentrations of NaCl (0.1–0.2 M) and (NH4)2SO4 (0.05–0.1 M) enhance aggregation, as confirmed by turbidity and far-UV CD analyses. However, higher salt concentrations (>0.2 M NaCl and >0.1 M (NH4)2SO4) suppress aggregation, with (NH4)2SO4 proving more effective. The impact of pH was also examined, revealing that aggregation occurs only at pH below 5.0, with significant turbidity and loss of secondary structure observed. At pH above 5.0, no aggregation was detected, indicating ovalbumin has a native-like structure. Overall, this study provides insights into SHMP-induced amyloid fibril formation in ovalbumin at low pH, highlighting the critical roles of salt concentration and pH in the aggregation process.
现代食品加工中通常使用聚磷酸盐食品添加剂；它们对健康的累积影响仍未得到充分研究。本研究探讨六偏磷酸钠（SHMP）对卵清蛋白颤动的影响。数据显示，虽然非常低的SHMP浓度（0.01-0.02 mM）不会诱导淀粉样蛋白纤维的形成，但0.03 - 5.0 mM的浓度会促进酸性ph下的纤颤。SHMP诱导的聚集发生迅速，没有成核阶段，并且与浓度有关。生物物理技术，包括ThT结合、远紫外CD和透射电镜，证实了shmp诱导的卵清蛋白聚集体表现出淀粉样结构。此外，还探讨了盐在shmp诱导的聚集中的作用。低浓度的NaCl （0.1-0.2 M）和（NH4）2SO4 （0.05-0.1 M）增强了团聚，浊度和远紫外CD分析证实了这一点。然而，较高的盐浓度（>；0.2 M NaCl和>；0.1 M (NH4)2SO4）抑制聚集，（NH4）2SO4被证明更有效。我们还研究了pH值的影响，发现只有pH值低于5.0时才会发生聚集，并观察到明显的浊度和二级结构的损失。在pH大于5.0时，没有检测到聚集，表明卵清蛋白具有天然结构。总的来说，本研究提供了在低pH下shmp诱导的卵清蛋白淀粉样蛋白纤维形成的见解，突出了盐浓度和pH在聚集过程中的关键作用。
{"title":"Effect of pH and ionic strength on polyphosphate-mediated amyloidogenesis in ovalbumin protein","authors":"Nasser Abdulatif Al-Shabib , Javed Masood Khan , Ajamaluddin Malik , Abdulaziz Alamri , Basim M. Alohali , Fohad Mabood Husain , Abdullah S. Alhomida","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyphosphate food additives are usually used in modern food processing; their cumulative health effects remain insufficiently studied. This study investigates the impact of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on ovalbumin fibrillation. The data reveal that while very low SHMP concentrations (0.01–0.02 mM) do not induce amyloid fibril formation, concentrations between 0.03 and 5.0 mM promote fibrillation at acidic pH. SHMP-induced aggregation occurs rapidly without a nucleation phase and is concentration-dependent. Biophysical techniques, including ThT binding, far-UV CD, and TEM, confirm that SHMP-induced ovalbumin aggregates exhibit amyloid-like structures. Additionally, the role of salts in SHMP-induced aggregation was explored. Low concentrations of NaCl (0.1–0.2 M) and (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (0.05–0.1 M) enhance aggregation, as confirmed by turbidity and far-UV CD analyses. However, higher salt concentrations (>0.2 M NaCl and >0.1 M (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>) suppress aggregation, with (NH<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> proving more effective. The impact of pH was also examined, revealing that aggregation occurs only at pH below 5.0, with significant turbidity and loss of secondary structure observed. At pH above 5.0, no aggregation was detected, indicating ovalbumin has a native-like structure. Overall, this study provides insights into SHMP-induced amyloid fibril formation in ovalbumin at low pH, highlighting the critical roles of salt concentration and pH in the aggregation process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102415"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146023588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102405
Thiago Luis Aguayo de Castro , João Víctor de Andrade dos Santos , Cátia Martins , Sílvia M. Rocha , Kelly Mari Pires de Oliveira , Gilberto José de Arruda , Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso
This study presents an advanced analytical characterization of Campomanesia sessiliflora (O. Berg) Mattos leaf infusion, with an emphasis on phenolic and volatile compounds and their associated biological activities. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (UPLC-DAD) was used to identify syringic acid (24.03 ± 0.60 mg 200 mL−1) and gallic acid (69.19 ± 0.16 mg 200 mL−1). The volatile organic composition was elucidated through comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToFMS), revealing 87 tentatively identified volatiles, primarily oxygenated sesquiterpenes, including eucalyptol, α-terpineol, and β-copaen-4α-ol. The combined use of UPLC-DAD and GC × GC-ToFMS allowed a detailed chemo-profiling of the infusion, supporting its functional potential. The extract exhibited notable antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by an electrochemical index of 13.59, and antimicrobial activity against Candida species and Gram-positive bacteria. These findings highlight the suitability of C. sessiliflora infusion as a natural source of bioactive compounds with potential application in clean-label food products and natural preservative systems.
{"title":"Application of UPLC-DAD and GC×GC-ToFMS for phenolic and volatile compounds profiling of Campomanesia sessiliflora (O.Berg) Mattos infusion: Antioxidant and antimicrobial insights","authors":"Thiago Luis Aguayo de Castro , João Víctor de Andrade dos Santos , Cátia Martins , Sílvia M. Rocha , Kelly Mari Pires de Oliveira , Gilberto José de Arruda , Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an advanced analytical characterization of <em>Campomanesia sessiliflora</em> (O. Berg) Mattos leaf infusion, with an emphasis on phenolic and volatile compounds and their associated biological activities. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (UPLC-DAD) was used to identify syringic acid (24.03 ± 0.60 mg 200 mL<sup>−1</sup>) and gallic acid (69.19 ± 0.16 mg 200 mL<sup>−1</sup>). The volatile organic composition was elucidated through comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-ToFMS), revealing 87 tentatively identified volatiles, primarily oxygenated sesquiterpenes, including eucalyptol, α-terpineol, and β-copaen-4α-ol. The combined use of UPLC-DAD and GC × GC-ToFMS allowed a detailed chemo-profiling of the infusion, supporting its functional potential. The extract exhibited notable antioxidant capacity, as evidenced by an electrochemical index of 13.59, and antimicrobial activity against <em>Candida species</em> and Gram-positive bacteria. These findings highlight the suitability of <em>C. sessiliflora</em> infusion as a natural source of bioactive compounds with potential application in clean-label food products and natural preservative systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102417
Herry Poernomo , Muzakky , Yayat Iman Supriyatna , Nur Dewi Pusporini
The Zr–Hf separation process is carried out using a Continuous Annular Chromatography (CAC) prototype filled with Dowex-1X8 resin and a solution in the form of the local Zr(SO4)3−2 anion containing Zr = 91,570 ppm and Hf of 5320 ppm. The experimental parameters were the annular-containing resin's rotation speed and the elution time in stages using 2 M and 4 M H2SO4 as eluents. The results of the Zr–Hf separation study with CAC prototype showed that at a rotational speed of 20 rpm, elution with 4 M H2SO4 for 4 h obtained the average calculation results on the 18 eluate fraction numbers with a concentration of Zr = 31,070 ppm containing Hf = 10.72 ppm, Hf removal efficiency is 99.79 %, Hf purification factor is 0.0050, and Zr purification factor is 199.30.
{"title":"Separation of Zr–Hf from local Zr(SO4)3−2 anion solution feed using the CAC prototype filled with Dowex-1X8 resin","authors":"Herry Poernomo , Muzakky , Yayat Iman Supriyatna , Nur Dewi Pusporini","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Zr–Hf separation process is carried out using a Continuous Annular Chromatography (CAC) prototype filled with Dowex-1X8 resin and a solution in the form of the local Zr(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub><sup>−2</sup> anion containing Zr = 91,570 ppm and Hf of 5320 ppm. The experimental parameters were the annular-containing resin's rotation speed and the elution time in stages using 2 M and 4 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> as eluents. The results of the Zr–Hf separation study with CAC prototype showed that at a rotational speed of 20 rpm, elution with 4 M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> for 4 h obtained the average calculation results on the 18 eluate fraction numbers with a concentration of Zr = 31,070 ppm containing Hf = 10.72 ppm, Hf removal efficiency is 99.79 %, Hf purification factor is 0.0050, and Zr purification factor is 199.30.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102420
M. Ali , Essam Nageh Sholkamy , Abdulmajeed Abdullah Alayyaf , Muhanna K. AL- Muhanna , Ayman A. abdullgafar , Ahmed S. Alobaidi , Assem barakat
A series of metal complexes was synthesized using the Schiff base method. In this study, low molecular weight chitosan (CS) was functionalized to produce a novel chitosan thiosemicarbazone pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde by first introducing the thiosemicarbazone group, followed by the addition of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde to form the Schiff base ligand. This ligand was then used in a one-pot synthesis to produce nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and palladium (Pd) complexes. The successful formation of the chitosan thiosemicarbazone pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde ligand and its Ni, Zn, and Pd complexes was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. The thermal stability of these complexes was evaluated through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which revealed enhanced stability. The antimicrobial activity of the Ni, Zn, and Pd complexes were tested against various bacterial strains, with the Pd complex demonstrating the highest efficacy. These results revel the potential of these metal complexes, particularly the Pd complex, as promising antimicrobial agents.
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of chitosan thiosemicarbazone complexes with nickel, zinc, and Palladium: Enhanced antimicrobial efficacy and potential applications","authors":"M. Ali , Essam Nageh Sholkamy , Abdulmajeed Abdullah Alayyaf , Muhanna K. AL- Muhanna , Ayman A. abdullgafar , Ahmed S. Alobaidi , Assem barakat","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A series of metal complexes was synthesized using the Schiff base method. In this study, low molecular weight chitosan (CS) was functionalized to produce a novel chitosan thiosemicarbazone pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde by first introducing the thiosemicarbazone group, followed by the addition of pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde to form the Schiff base ligand. This ligand was then used in a one-pot synthesis to produce nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), and palladium (Pd) complexes. The successful formation of the chitosan thiosemicarbazone pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde ligand and its Ni, Zn, and Pd complexes was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and elemental analysis. The thermal stability of these complexes was evaluated through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which revealed enhanced stability. The antimicrobial activity of the Ni, Zn, and Pd complexes were tested against various bacterial strains, with the Pd complex demonstrating the highest efficacy. These results revel the potential of these metal complexes, particularly the Pd complex, as promising antimicrobial agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102420"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102401
Uliya Mitra , Anoop Arya , Sushma Gupta
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) find widespread application across continents due to their versatility. This manuscript focuses on two objectives. This research focuses on identifying the parameters of a Nexa 1.2 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack. To achieve this, an empirical mathematical model that describes the stack's steady-state behaviour is utilized. The study employs the Chaos Embedded Particle Swarm Optimization (CEPSO) algorithm to ascertain the most suitable values for eleven distinct parameters. This optimization process is guided by minimizing both the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) when comparing the voltages observed in experiments with those predicted by the model. The resulting optimized model demonstrates a high degree of accuracy, with an SSE value of 1.0008 and an RMSE of 0.2236. The value of objective function obtained through CEPSO is compared with three other techniques viz. Genetic Algorithm, Lightning Search Algorithm & Cuckoo Search-Explosion Operator. The second objective is to integrate this optimized model into a DC microgrid. To maximize power extraction and mitigate voltage ripples from the fuel cell, a Cost-effective Clamping Boost Converter (CCB) is implemented, operating at the optimum duty cycle and controlled by a Fuzzy-tuned PID controller. A 100-Ω DC load is connected to the converter output, drawing a 3.4 Amp current at an output voltage of 340 V. All simulations and programming are conducted within the MATLAB Simulink environment.
{"title":"DC microgrid integration of an optimized proton exchange membrane fuel cell utilizing a cost-effective clamping boost converter","authors":"Uliya Mitra , Anoop Arya , Sushma Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) find widespread application across continents due to their versatility. This manuscript focuses on two objectives. This research focuses on identifying the parameters of a Nexa 1.2 kW Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) stack. To achieve this, an empirical mathematical model that describes the stack's steady-state behaviour is utilized. The study employs the Chaos Embedded Particle Swarm Optimization (CEPSO) algorithm to ascertain the most suitable values for eleven distinct parameters. This optimization process is guided by minimizing both the Sum of Squared Errors (SSE) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) when comparing the voltages observed in experiments with those predicted by the model. The resulting optimized model demonstrates a high degree of accuracy, with an SSE value of 1.0008 and an RMSE of 0.2236. The value of objective function obtained through CEPSO is compared with three other techniques viz. Genetic Algorithm, Lightning Search Algorithm & Cuckoo Search-Explosion Operator. The second objective is to integrate this optimized model into a DC microgrid. To maximize power extraction and mitigate voltage ripples from the fuel cell, a Cost-effective Clamping Boost Converter (CCB) is implemented, operating at the optimum duty cycle and controlled by a Fuzzy-tuned PID controller. A 100-Ω DC load is connected to the converter output, drawing a 3.4 Amp current at an output voltage of 340 V. All simulations and programming are conducted within the MATLAB Simulink environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2026.102402
R. Ashwin , S. Rahul , T. Mohanraj , A. Arumugam
Due to the adverse effects of conventional fossil fuels, including resource depletion, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions, the world is increasingly focusing on biodiesel as a sustainable alternative. In this paper, the non-edible oil Pongamia pinnata oil was converted to biodiesel production through the use of the new catalyst synthesised from Sterculia foetida pods. The transesterification process was carried out with the operational parameters of temperature: 75 °C, methanol to oil ratio: 20:1, 6 h reaction time and 5 wt% catalyst concentration. The findings proved that the conversion of FAME for the biodiesel obtained from Pongamia pinnata oil was 99.19 %. By Aluminium Titanate-based thermal barrier-coated (TBC) piston crown and liner, the study analyzed the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine. Experiments on the engine with and without the thermal coating were carried out with pure diesel and 10 % biodiesel blend to observe their combustion behaviour and emission patterns. The outcomes indicate that the coated engine contributed to the improvement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 2 % with the 10 % bio-diesel blend, accompanied by reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of 7 %. The reductions in Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were 37 % and 41 % to the coated engine in comparison with the baseline engine. Nevertheless, NOx emissions were elevated by as much as 9 % because of the higher in-cylinder temperature caused by the coating.
{"title":"Sterculia foetida shell-based catalyst for biodiesel synthesis and improved performance–emission characteristics of coated diesel engines","authors":"R. Ashwin , S. Rahul , T. Mohanraj , A. Arumugam","doi":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jics.2026.102402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the adverse effects of conventional fossil fuels, including resource depletion, air pollution, and greenhouse gas emissions, the world is increasingly focusing on biodiesel as a sustainable alternative. In this paper, the non-edible oil <em>Pongamia pinnata</em> oil was converted to biodiesel production through the use of the new catalyst synthesised from <em>Sterculia foetida</em> pods. The transesterification process was carried out with the operational parameters of temperature: 75 °C, methanol to oil ratio: 20:1, 6 h reaction time and 5 wt% catalyst concentration. The findings proved that the conversion of FAME for the biodiesel obtained from <em>Pongamia pinnata</em> oil was 99.19 %. By Aluminium Titanate-based thermal barrier-coated (TBC) piston crown and liner, the study analyzed the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a single-cylinder diesel engine. Experiments on the engine with and without the thermal coating were carried out with pure diesel and 10 % biodiesel blend to observe their combustion behaviour and emission patterns. The outcomes indicate that the coated engine contributed to the improvement in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 2 % with the 10 % bio-diesel blend, accompanied by reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of 7 %. The reductions in Hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions were 37 % and 41 % to the coated engine in comparison with the baseline engine. Nevertheless, NOx emissions were elevated by as much as 9 % because of the higher in-cylinder temperature caused by the coating.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Indian Chemical Society","volume":"103 2","pages":"Article 102402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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