Dut yaprakları, gıda endüstrisinde yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar için yeni bir potansiyel kaynak olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Dut yaprakları, içerdiği biyoaktif bileşenler sayesinde antioksidan, anti-inflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser gibi çeşitli sağlık faydaları sağlayabilmektedir. Dut yaprağı tabanlı yenilebilir kaplama ve filmler, gıda ürünlerinin kalitesini ve raf ömrünü artırdığı gibi aynı zamanda gıdaların fiziksel ve duyusal özelliklerini koruma potansiyeline sahiptirler. Bu bağlamda, yenilebilir doğal film ve kaplamalar gıda bozulmalarını minimize ederek, gıda endüstrisinde taze, sağlıklı ve kaliteli ürünlerin elde edilmesine olanak sağlayabilir. Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmada dut yapraklarının besinsel bileşimleri, fitokimyasal, biyolojik ve farmakolojik özellikleri, genel kullanım alanları ve gıda endüstrisinde yenilebilir kaplama ve film olarak kullanımları özetlenmiştir.
{"title":"Use of Mulberry Leaves in Edible Film and Coatings","authors":"Murad Guli̇yev, Yasemin Çelebi̇","doi":"10.21597/jist.1373062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1373062","url":null,"abstract":"Dut yaprakları, gıda endüstrisinde yenilebilir film ve kaplamalar için yeni bir potansiyel kaynak olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Dut yaprakları, içerdiği biyoaktif bileşenler sayesinde antioksidan, anti-inflamatuar, antimikrobiyal ve antikanser gibi çeşitli sağlık faydaları sağlayabilmektedir. Dut yaprağı tabanlı yenilebilir kaplama ve filmler, gıda ürünlerinin kalitesini ve raf ömrünü artırdığı gibi aynı zamanda gıdaların fiziksel ve duyusal özelliklerini koruma potansiyeline sahiptirler. Bu bağlamda, yenilebilir doğal film ve kaplamalar gıda bozulmalarını minimize ederek, gıda endüstrisinde taze, sağlıklı ve kaliteli ürünlerin elde edilmesine olanak sağlayabilir. Bu nedenle yapılan çalışmada dut yapraklarının besinsel bileşimleri, fitokimyasal, biyolojik ve farmakolojik özellikleri, genel kullanım alanları ve gıda endüstrisinde yenilebilir kaplama ve film olarak kullanımları özetlenmiştir.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139315538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
İbrahim Özkoç, Mustafa Bi̇lgi̇, Cem Tolga Gürkanli, Luau Mustafa
Bitkilerin gelişimi söz konusu olduğunda öncelikle ilk aşama bitki tohumunun sağlıklı bir şekilde çimlenmesidir. Bu durumun gerçekleşmesi orkideler söz konusu olduğunda diğer bitki türlerine göre daha zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda elimizde bulunan orkide tohumlarının in-vitro olarak çimlenmesi gözlemlenmiştir. Sıcaklık, kuraklık, Ph gibi abiyotik faktörler, tohum çimlenmesine karşı stres oluşturabilmektedir ve tohumun çimlenmesini engelleyici etkiye sahip olmaktadır. Bu durumu engelleyebilmek için tohumların bazı yöntemlerle biyolojik ajanlarla kaplanması sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda, daha öneceki çalışmalarımızda izole ettiğimiz endofitik bakteri ve fungal izolatlar kullanılarak, laboratuvar ortamında tohumlar biyopriming uygulamalara tabii tutularak kaplanmış ve orkide tohumlarının çimlenmelerine olumlu bir etkisi olup olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmede özellikle hem endofitik fungal ve bakteri örneklerini içeren karışımların en etkili işlemler olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma orkidelerde hem fungal hem de bakteriyel probiyotik denemesinin ilk örneğini oluşturmaktadır.
{"title":"Bazı Orkide Türlerinde Ekim Öncesi Tohum Uygulamaları ve Bu Uygulamaların Tohum Çimlenme ve Gelişmesine Olan Etkisi","authors":"İbrahim Özkoç, Mustafa Bi̇lgi̇, Cem Tolga Gürkanli, Luau Mustafa","doi":"10.21597/jist.1357244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1357244","url":null,"abstract":"Bitkilerin gelişimi söz konusu olduğunda öncelikle ilk aşama bitki tohumunun sağlıklı bir şekilde çimlenmesidir. Bu durumun gerçekleşmesi orkideler söz konusu olduğunda diğer bitki türlerine göre daha zor olabilmektedir. Bu çalışmamızda elimizde bulunan orkide tohumlarının in-vitro olarak çimlenmesi gözlemlenmiştir. Sıcaklık, kuraklık, Ph gibi abiyotik faktörler, tohum çimlenmesine karşı stres oluşturabilmektedir ve tohumun çimlenmesini engelleyici etkiye sahip olmaktadır. Bu durumu engelleyebilmek için tohumların bazı yöntemlerle biyolojik ajanlarla kaplanması sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmamızda, daha öneceki çalışmalarımızda izole ettiğimiz endofitik bakteri ve fungal izolatlar kullanılarak, laboratuvar ortamında tohumlar biyopriming uygulamalara tabii tutularak kaplanmış ve orkide tohumlarının çimlenmelerine olumlu bir etkisi olup olmadığı gözlemlenmiştir. Yapılan değerlendirmede özellikle hem endofitik fungal ve bakteri örneklerini içeren karışımların en etkili işlemler olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışma orkidelerde hem fungal hem de bakteriyel probiyotik denemesinin ilk örneğini oluşturmaktadır.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139316267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sinem Karakuş, Tuba Nur Suyurdu, Ekrem Köksal, Cemalettin Alp
This is the first study to reveal the antifungal properties of Ferulago pauciradiata plant. In this context investigated the effects of methanol (FPM), ethanol (FPE), hexane (FPH) and water (FPW) extracts of the F. pauciradiata plant on the prevention of losses caused by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers) in vitro. The effects of FPM, FPE, and FPH 10, 25, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 µL doses were determined by mycelium growth, germ tube elongation, and spore germination in vitro. The water extract didn’t show antifungal activity against B. cinerea. Compared to the control, both FPM and FPH caused 100% inhibition at the dose of 2000 µL by suppressing mycelial growth due to dose increases, while FPE had a 97.3% effect on the same parameter at the dose of 2000 µL. While there was no elongation at the 2000 µL dose of FPM and FPH, there was an elongation of 8.4 µm at the same dose of FPM. In spore germination, 0% germination was observed in FPM and FPH 2000 µL dose, while 17.5% germination was observed in FPE. These results show that F. pauciradiata extracts, which are of biological origin and are not environmentally toxic, are a good alternative for use in the control of B. cinerea.
{"title":"Antifungal Activity of Extracts From the Ferulago Pauciradiata in Vitro Against Botrytis Cinerea Pers","authors":"Sinem Karakuş, Tuba Nur Suyurdu, Ekrem Köksal, Cemalettin Alp","doi":"10.21597/jist.1325958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1325958","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first study to reveal the antifungal properties of Ferulago pauciradiata plant. In this context investigated the effects of methanol (FPM), ethanol (FPE), hexane (FPH) and water (FPW) extracts of the F. pauciradiata plant on the prevention of losses caused by gray mold (Botrytis cinerea Pers) in vitro. The effects of FPM, FPE, and FPH 10, 25, 50, 100, 300, 500, 1000, and 2000 µL doses were determined by mycelium growth, germ tube elongation, and spore germination in vitro. The water extract didn’t show antifungal activity against B. cinerea. Compared to the control, both FPM and FPH caused 100% inhibition at the dose of 2000 µL by suppressing mycelial growth due to dose increases, while FPE had a 97.3% effect on the same parameter at the dose of 2000 µL. While there was no elongation at the 2000 µL dose of FPM and FPH, there was an elongation of 8.4 µm at the same dose of FPM. In spore germination, 0% germination was observed in FPM and FPH 2000 µL dose, while 17.5% germination was observed in FPE. These results show that F. pauciradiata extracts, which are of biological origin and are not environmentally toxic, are a good alternative for use in the control of B. cinerea.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139322178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The energy efficiency of heat exchangers has become crucial in industrial applications due to ever-increasing energy costs. Therefore, various methods have been developed to enhance heat transfer and accelerate the process (shortening the time), reduce the size of heat exchangers, and increase energy (fuel) efficiency. In recent years, researchers have recommended nanofluid suspensions in place of common heat transfer fluids to improve energy efficiency. Nanofluid suspensions are obtained by adding nanometer-sized particles (less than 100 nm in at least one dimension) to heat transfer fluids. This study focused on experimental data in the literature to investigate the effects of nanofluids on transferred thermal power and required pumping power in heat exchangers. The relationship between the transferred thermal power and the pumping power was defined by two different performance criteria (Performance Evaluation Criterion-PEC and Energy Efficiency Criterion-EEC), allowing us to scrutinize the effects of nanofluids in thermal systems on energy efficiency (energy consumption) from a more realistic perspective. The results show that nanofluids are more disadvantageous than conventional heat transfer fluids in terms of the energy budget in industrial applications. It is concluded that nanofluids can be used in special applications where those disadvantages are insignificant.
{"title":"Nanoakışkanların Isıl Sistemlerde Enerji Verimliliğine Etkisi: Deneysel Verilerin Isıl ve Hidrodinamik Performans Ölçütleri ile Değerlendirilmesi","authors":"Murat Ünverdi̇, H. Küçük, M. Yilmaz","doi":"10.21597/jist.1303324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1303324","url":null,"abstract":"The energy efficiency of heat exchangers has become crucial in industrial applications due to ever-increasing energy costs. Therefore, various methods have been developed to enhance heat transfer and accelerate the process (shortening the time), reduce the size of heat exchangers, and increase energy (fuel) efficiency. In recent years, researchers have recommended nanofluid suspensions in place of common heat transfer fluids to improve energy efficiency. Nanofluid suspensions are obtained by adding nanometer-sized particles (less than 100 nm in at least one dimension) to heat transfer fluids. This study focused on experimental data in the literature to investigate the effects of nanofluids on transferred thermal power and required pumping power in heat exchangers. The relationship between the transferred thermal power and the pumping power was defined by two different performance criteria (Performance Evaluation Criterion-PEC and Energy Efficiency Criterion-EEC), allowing us to scrutinize the effects of nanofluids in thermal systems on energy efficiency (energy consumption) from a more realistic perspective. The results show that nanofluids are more disadvantageous than conventional heat transfer fluids in terms of the energy budget in industrial applications. It is concluded that nanofluids can be used in special applications where those disadvantages are insignificant.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to evaluate the variability and distribution of bioactive components of different organs of sweet potato and taro plants grown locally in Turkey. Samples extracted from different organs of these two species (tubers and leaves of sweet potato; leaves, petioles, main tubers, and lateral tubers of taro) were evaluated. Total water-soluble protein, total flavonoids, total phenolics, H2O2 scavenging capacity, carotenoids, FRAP antioxidant capacity, CUPRAC antioxidant capacity, and total dry matter parameters of two different species and their organs were measured. The difference between the organ averages for all parameters examined was statistically significant. In general, leaves of both species had the highest content for all parameters except total dry matter and CUPRAC antioxidant capacity. The effectiveness of the parameters in explaining variation in the gene pool was also examined using principal component analysis. All parameters contributed highly to the variation except H2O2 capacity, total dry matter content, and CUPRAC antioxidant capacity. According to the findings, there is a high variation between each species and between the organs. These results will guide future studies on these two species.
{"title":"Tatlı Patates ve Gölevezin Bazı Biyoaktif Bileşenleri: Bitki Organlarına Dayalı Karşılaştırmalı Bir Çalışma","authors":"B. Yildiz, Emir Furkan Demi̇r, Fatih Hanci","doi":"10.21597/jist.1293188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1293188","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to evaluate the variability and distribution of bioactive components of different organs of sweet potato and taro plants grown locally in Turkey. Samples extracted from different organs of these two species (tubers and leaves of sweet potato; leaves, petioles, main tubers, and lateral tubers of taro) were evaluated. Total water-soluble protein, total flavonoids, total phenolics, H2O2 scavenging capacity, carotenoids, FRAP antioxidant capacity, CUPRAC antioxidant capacity, and total dry matter parameters of two different species and their organs were measured. The difference between the organ averages for all parameters examined was statistically significant. In general, leaves of both species had the highest content for all parameters except total dry matter and CUPRAC antioxidant capacity. The effectiveness of the parameters in explaining variation in the gene pool was also examined using principal component analysis. All parameters contributed highly to the variation except H2O2 capacity, total dry matter content, and CUPRAC antioxidant capacity. According to the findings, there is a high variation between each species and between the organs. These results will guide future studies on these two species.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139323860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Halil İbrahim Gökdere, Ali Baran Yilmaz, M. Teki̇n, M. Yeken, V. Çiftçi
Bu çalışma, toplamda 27 çeşit ve çeşit adaylarının dane verimi ve bazı önemli kalite özellikleri bakımından genotip x çevre etkileşimi temel bileşen, GGE biplot ve AMMI analizleri değerlendirmek amacıyla Trakya bölgesini temsil eden dört farklı çevrede 2020-2021 sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü yürütülmüş olup ve tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinden başaklanma gün sayısı, bitki boyu, dane verimi, bin dane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, dane sertliği, protein oranı, Zeleny sedimantasyon, Alveograf enerji değeri, yaş gluten oranı ve gluten indeksi çalışma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, dane veriminde en yüksek varyasyon Tekirdağ çevresinde belirlenmiş olup en yüksek verim ise Edirne çevresinde belirlenmiştir. GGE biplot analizine göre iki farklı mega çevre oluşmuş ve iki temel bileşen toplamda %89.97 genotip x çevre ilişkisini açıklamıştır. AMMI temelli varyans analizi sonucunda ise genotip, çevre, tekerrrür ve genotip x çevre interaksiyonu bakımından istatistiki olarak önemli etkiler tespit edilmiştir. En stabil genotipler ise Ez11 ve Rumeli olarak belirlenirken LG Arnova çeşidi dört çevrede de öne çıkan dört genotipten biri olmuştur. Korelasyon analizine sonucunda kalite özellikleri arasında istatistiki olarak önemli (p
本研究于 2020-2021 年在色雷斯地区的四个不同环境中进行，目的是对 27 个品种和候选品种的谷物产量和一些重要品质性状进行基因型 x 环境交互作用的主成分、GGE 双图和 AMMI 分析。试验采用四次重复的巧合区组试验设计，在研究范围内分析了穗日数、株高、谷物产量、千粒重、百粒重、谷物硬度、蛋白质比率、泽莱尼沉降度、阿维图能值、湿面筋比率和面筋指数。在研究中，泰基尔达格附近谷物产量变化最大，埃迪尔内附近产量最高。根据 GGE 双图分析，形成了两个不同的特大环境，两个主成分共解释了 89.97% 的基因型 x 环境关系。基于 AMMI 的方差分析结果显示，基因型、环境、重复和基因型 x 环境交互作用在统计学上有显著影响。最稳定的基因型是 Ez11 和 Rumeli，而 LG Arnova 栽培品种是所有四种环境中四个突出的基因型之一。相关性分析结果表明，在所有四种环境中，LG Arnova 是四种最重要的基因型之一。
{"title":"Multienvironment Testing of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Grain Yield and Some Important Quality Traits in Thrace Region in Türkiye","authors":"Halil İbrahim Gökdere, Ali Baran Yilmaz, M. Teki̇n, M. Yeken, V. Çiftçi","doi":"10.21597/jist.1358515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1358515","url":null,"abstract":"Bu çalışma, toplamda 27 çeşit ve çeşit adaylarının dane verimi ve bazı önemli kalite özellikleri bakımından genotip x çevre etkileşimi temel bileşen, GGE biplot ve AMMI analizleri değerlendirmek amacıyla Trakya bölgesini temsil eden dört farklı çevrede 2020-2021 sezonunda yürütülmüştür. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü yürütülmüş olup ve tarımsal ve kalite özelliklerinden başaklanma gün sayısı, bitki boyu, dane verimi, bin dane ağırlığı, hektolitre ağırlığı, dane sertliği, protein oranı, Zeleny sedimantasyon, Alveograf enerji değeri, yaş gluten oranı ve gluten indeksi çalışma kapsamında incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, dane veriminde en yüksek varyasyon Tekirdağ çevresinde belirlenmiş olup en yüksek verim ise Edirne çevresinde belirlenmiştir. GGE biplot analizine göre iki farklı mega çevre oluşmuş ve iki temel bileşen toplamda %89.97 genotip x çevre ilişkisini açıklamıştır. AMMI temelli varyans analizi sonucunda ise genotip, çevre, tekerrrür ve genotip x çevre interaksiyonu bakımından istatistiki olarak önemli etkiler tespit edilmiştir. En stabil genotipler ise Ez11 ve Rumeli olarak belirlenirken LG Arnova çeşidi dört çevrede de öne çıkan dört genotipten biri olmuştur. Korelasyon analizine sonucunda kalite özellikleri arasında istatistiki olarak önemli (p","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, sulphurized apricots with different sulfur values were obtained from the factory in Malatya province. These apricot samples were kept at market temperature values (4, 26 and 40°C) in the package offered for sale, and their sulfur dioxide values were determined daily. As a result of the experimental periods, reduction rate and other data were determined by calculating the sulfur dioxide in the sample. Also, loss rate and kinetics of sulfur dioxide were determined from its change over time at different temperatures. From the results obtained, important findings such as shelf life of sulphurous apricots at different temperatures in the package, deterioration and effect of the sulfur dioxide value on the shelf life were obtained. According to the analysis results of apricots containing different amounts of sulfur, when the moisture and SO2 loss in dried apricot samples during their stay on the shelf were examined in the kinetic study, it was determined that it was suitable for the first order kinetic model for 4°C and the second order kinetic model for 26 and 40°C. From the experimental results, quite low sulfur removal values were obtained for the samples offered for sale after 980 hours at 4°C and 525 hours at 26°C. Moisture and SO2 losses accelerated after approximately 740 hours at a temperature of 40°C. In the sample containing 3280 ppm sulfur dioxide during shelf storage at 4°C, there was an 11% loss of sulfur dioxide after 980 hours. A 46% sulfur dioxide loss was determined in the same samples after 740 hours at 40°C. It has been determined that sulfur dioxide loss is greater at higher temperatures. When the storage conditions of the samples were examined in terms of humidity, it was observed that apricots lost their moisture in the range of 52-85% after 29 days at temperatures of 4 and 40 °C. Based on the fact that the water activity of the packaged sulfurized dried apricots offered for sale is 25%, in this study, an average shelf life of approximately 25 days was determined according to this value.
{"title":"Kükürtlenmiş Kayısıların Raf Ömrünü Uzatmada Kükürtün Etkisinin Kinetik İncelenmesi","authors":"Duygu Gürbüz, Yunus Önal, Tuğba Utku","doi":"10.21597/jist.1297795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1297795","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, sulphurized apricots with different sulfur values were obtained from the factory in Malatya province. These apricot samples were kept at market temperature values (4, 26 and 40°C) in the package offered for sale, and their sulfur dioxide values were determined daily. As a result of the experimental periods, reduction rate and other data were determined by calculating the sulfur dioxide in the sample. Also, loss rate and kinetics of sulfur dioxide were determined from its change over time at different temperatures. From the results obtained, important findings such as shelf life of sulphurous apricots at different temperatures in the package, deterioration and effect of the sulfur dioxide value on the shelf life were obtained. According to the analysis results of apricots containing different amounts of sulfur, when the moisture and SO2 loss in dried apricot samples during their stay on the shelf were examined in the kinetic study, it was determined that it was suitable for the first order kinetic model for 4°C and the second order kinetic model for 26 and 40°C. From the experimental results, quite low sulfur removal values were obtained for the samples offered for sale after 980 hours at 4°C and 525 hours at 26°C. Moisture and SO2 losses accelerated after approximately 740 hours at a temperature of 40°C. In the sample containing 3280 ppm sulfur dioxide during shelf storage at 4°C, there was an 11% loss of sulfur dioxide after 980 hours. A 46% sulfur dioxide loss was determined in the same samples after 740 hours at 40°C. It has been determined that sulfur dioxide loss is greater at higher temperatures. When the storage conditions of the samples were examined in terms of humidity, it was observed that apricots lost their moisture in the range of 52-85% after 29 days at temperatures of 4 and 40 °C. Based on the fact that the water activity of the packaged sulfurized dried apricots offered for sale is 25%, in this study, an average shelf life of approximately 25 days was determined according to this value.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139325900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, phycoremediation of thallium toxic metal present in galery water of an abandoned mine area was investigated by using Cladophora fracta. Within the scope of the study, a reactor containing Cladophora fracta was used and it was determined whether the Cladophora fracta accumulated thallium depending on time. Additionally, the bioconcentration factor was calculated. According to research findings; the accumulations of thallium by Cladophora fracta, compared with uncontaminated alga, were 225% at 5 min, 450% at 10 min, 550% at 20 min, 575% at 40 min, 700% at 60 min, and 900% at 120 min, respectively. BCF values were between 1000-5000. This indicated that Cladophora fracta had bioaccumulation potential. As a result, this research carried out in mining area has documented the phycoremediation of thallium in gallery water of an abandoned mine area.
{"title":"Phycoremediation of Thallium Toxic Metal Present in Gallery Water of an Abandoned Mine Area by Algae Cladophora fracta","authors":"M. Topal, E. I. ARSLAN TOPAL, E. Öbek","doi":"10.21597/jist.1243880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1243880","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, phycoremediation of thallium toxic metal present in galery water of an abandoned mine area was investigated by using Cladophora fracta. Within the scope of the study, a reactor containing Cladophora fracta was used and it was determined whether the Cladophora fracta accumulated thallium depending on time. Additionally, the bioconcentration factor was calculated. According to research findings; the accumulations of thallium by Cladophora fracta, compared with uncontaminated alga, were 225% at 5 min, 450% at 10 min, 550% at 20 min, 575% at 40 min, 700% at 60 min, and 900% at 120 min, respectively. BCF values were between 1000-5000. This indicated that Cladophora fracta had bioaccumulation potential. As a result, this research carried out in mining area has documented the phycoremediation of thallium in gallery water of an abandoned mine area.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139334319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayşegül EFENDİOĞLU ÇELİK, Mine Aksoy, Mahmut Dok, Kadir Aydin, C. Yücel
The use of products with high biomass yield per unit area as a renewable energy source, which are not consumed primarily for food purposes or can be used for multi-purposes, is of great importance in terms of food safety. For this purpose, sweet sorghum plant, which can grow in salty-alkaline soils, tolerant to drought and short-term floods, and has wide adaptability, has gained importance as a lignocellulosic bioethanol raw material in recent years. The aim of this study is to theoretically determine the lignocellulosic bioethanol yield of 21 different sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var. saccharatum (L.) Mohlenbr.) genotypes grown under second crop conditions in the ecology of Şanlıurfa province, obtained from domestic and foreign sources. In the study, sweet sorghum pulp from plant sap was used as lignocellulosic bioethanol raw material. The cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the pulp were determined and the amount of lignocellulosic bioethanol that could be obtained per decare was calculated by using the bioethanol conversion rates. According to the data obtained, the highest yield was obtained from UNL-Hybrid-3 (805.5 L/da), Theis (766.5 L/da), Smith (698.1 L/da) genotypes. In order to solve problems such as increasing the octane of gasoline, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and gasoline imports, it is recommended that these three genotypes be cultivated and disseminated for lignocellulosic bioethanol production in Şanlıurfa ecological conditions.
{"title":"Şanlıurfa Ekolojik Koşullarında Farklı Tatlı Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor var. saccharatum (L.) Mohlenbr.) Genotiplerinin Lignoselülozik Biyoetanol Verimleri","authors":"Ayşegül EFENDİOĞLU ÇELİK, Mine Aksoy, Mahmut Dok, Kadir Aydin, C. Yücel","doi":"10.21597/jist.1274305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1274305","url":null,"abstract":"The use of products with high biomass yield per unit area as a renewable energy source, which are not consumed primarily for food purposes or can be used for multi-purposes, is of great importance in terms of food safety. For this purpose, sweet sorghum plant, which can grow in salty-alkaline soils, tolerant to drought and short-term floods, and has wide adaptability, has gained importance as a lignocellulosic bioethanol raw material in recent years. The aim of this study is to theoretically determine the lignocellulosic bioethanol yield of 21 different sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor var. saccharatum (L.) Mohlenbr.) genotypes grown under second crop conditions in the ecology of Şanlıurfa province, obtained from domestic and foreign sources. In the study, sweet sorghum pulp from plant sap was used as lignocellulosic bioethanol raw material. The cellulose and hemicellulose contents of the pulp were determined and the amount of lignocellulosic bioethanol that could be obtained per decare was calculated by using the bioethanol conversion rates. According to the data obtained, the highest yield was obtained from UNL-Hybrid-3 (805.5 L/da), Theis (766.5 L/da), Smith (698.1 L/da) genotypes. In order to solve problems such as increasing the octane of gasoline, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and gasoline imports, it is recommended that these three genotypes be cultivated and disseminated for lignocellulosic bioethanol production in Şanlıurfa ecological conditions.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bu araştırma, farklı solucan gübresi uygulamasının ve dozlarının, çeltik bitkisinde bazı bitkisel özelliklere etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yapraktan ve topraktan olmak üzere iki farklı uygulama ve dört farklı doz; (0.5-1-2-3 litre sıvı gübre/100 litre su) üç farklı çeltik çeşidinde (Osmancık-97, Aslı ve Terme Baldo) uygulanmıştır. Çalışma serada ve 21.9 litrelik (35 cm çap 30 cm yükseklik) plastik saksılarda (30 tohum/saksı) kurulmuştur. Deneme tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda bitki boyu 41.81-57.19 cm, sap sayısı 19.33-26.67 adet, bitki yaş ağırlığı 70.00-113.33 g., salkım sayısı 18.00-25.67 adet, salkım yaş ağırlığı 1.88-4.23 g., salkım kuru ağırlığı 0.10-0.31 g., salkım boyu 7.17-11.64 cm., sap yaş ağırlığı 6.63-28.33 g, sap kuru ağırlığı 6.17-13.88 g, yaprak sayısı 3.03-3.73 adet, yaprak yaş ağırlığı 11.93-25.00 g., yaprak kuru ağırlığı 11.70-19.38 g, gövde çapı 3.78-5.69 mm ve salkımda tane sayısı 33.93-52.33 adet olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz bulgulara göre, solucan gübresinin çeltik bitkisinde bazı bitkisel özelliklerin artmasına neden olduğu ancak yapraktan ya da topraktan yapılan uygulama şekillerinin ise etkili olmadığı görülmüştür.
{"title":"Çeltik (Oryza sativa L.)’de Farklı Vermikompost Uygulamalarının Bazı Bitkisel Özellikler Üzerine Etkisi","authors":"Gözde Hafize Yildirim, Nuri Yılmaz","doi":"10.21597/jist.1249192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1249192","url":null,"abstract":"Bu araştırma, farklı solucan gübresi uygulamasının ve dozlarının, çeltik bitkisinde bazı bitkisel özelliklere etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada yapraktan ve topraktan olmak üzere iki farklı uygulama ve dört farklı doz; (0.5-1-2-3 litre sıvı gübre/100 litre su) üç farklı çeltik çeşidinde (Osmancık-97, Aslı ve Terme Baldo) uygulanmıştır. Çalışma serada ve 21.9 litrelik (35 cm çap 30 cm yükseklik) plastik saksılarda (30 tohum/saksı) kurulmuştur. Deneme tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çalışma sonucunda bitki boyu 41.81-57.19 cm, sap sayısı 19.33-26.67 adet, bitki yaş ağırlığı 70.00-113.33 g., salkım sayısı 18.00-25.67 adet, salkım yaş ağırlığı 1.88-4.23 g., salkım kuru ağırlığı 0.10-0.31 g., salkım boyu 7.17-11.64 cm., sap yaş ağırlığı 6.63-28.33 g, sap kuru ağırlığı 6.17-13.88 g, yaprak sayısı 3.03-3.73 adet, yaprak yaş ağırlığı 11.93-25.00 g., yaprak kuru ağırlığı 11.70-19.38 g, gövde çapı 3.78-5.69 mm ve salkımda tane sayısı 33.93-52.33 adet olarak tespit edilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz bulgulara göre, solucan gübresinin çeltik bitkisinde bazı bitkisel özelliklerin artmasına neden olduğu ancak yapraktan ya da topraktan yapılan uygulama şekillerinin ise etkili olmadığı görülmüştür.","PeriodicalId":17353,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139336138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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