Journal of thermal biology最新文献_第2页

RSK2 facilitates beige fat formation through thermogenic and glycolytic pathways RSK2通过产热和糖酵解途径促进米色脂肪的形成

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104389

Yan Cai , Jun-jun Chen , Lin-fei He , Yao Xu , Rui-qi Yang , Zhi-chun Yang

Objectives

Beige adipose tissue offers therapeutic potential for metabolic disorders. Notably, glycolytic beige adipocytes, which can be activated independently of β-adrenergic signaling, may provide unique advantages. This study aimed to investigate the role of p90 ribosomal S6 kinase-2 (RSK2) in both cold-induced and cold-independent glycolytic beige adipocyte formation.

Methods

We employed C57BL/6J mice subjected to cold exposure (4 °C) or high-fat diet (HFD) and analyzed adipose tissue for thermogenic and glycolytic markers. In vitro, subcutaneous adipose-derived stem cells (primary preadipocytes) were cultured at 28 °C to mimic cold exposure. RSK2 expression was manipulated via knockdown or overexpression to evaluate its functional role.

Results

Cold exposure upregulated uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1) and RSK2 in vivo, while HFD suppressed RSK2, UCP1, enolase 1 (ENO1), and pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2). In primary preadipocytes, cold exposure induced UCP1 and RSK2 expression and reduced triglyceride accumulation. RSK2 knockdown suppressed UCP1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) but increased carnitine palmitoyl transferase expression. It also reduced PKM2, ENO1, and lactate production under normothermic conditions, whereas RSK2 overexpression had opposite effects. High-glucose and high-insulin treatment decreased RSK2, glycolytic and thermogenic markers, and insulin signaling, which were reversed by RSK2 overexpression. Conclusions: RSK2 plays a dual role in mediating cold-induced and cold-independent glycolytic beige adipocyte formation. It may serve as a promising target for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders.

目的：米色脂肪组织具有治疗代谢紊乱的潜力。值得注意的是，糖酵解米色脂肪细胞可以独立于β-肾上腺素能信号激活，可能具有独特的优势。本研究旨在探讨p90核糖体S6激酶-2 （RSK2）在冷诱导和冷非依赖性糖酵解米色脂肪细胞形成中的作用。方法采用冷暴露（4°C）和高脂饮食（HFD）的C57BL/6J小鼠，分析脂肪组织的产热和糖酵解标志物。在体外，皮下脂肪来源的干细胞（原代前脂肪细胞）在28°C下培养以模拟冷暴露。通过敲低或过表达调控RSK2的表达来评估其功能作用。结果在体内，骂暴露可上调解偶联蛋白1 （UCP1）和RSK2，而HFD可抑制RSK2、UCP1、烯醇化酶1 （ENO1）和丙酮酸激酶异构体M2 （PKM2）。在原代前脂肪细胞中，冷暴露诱导UCP1和RSK2表达并减少甘油三酯积累。RSK2敲低抑制UCP1、乙酰辅酶a羧化酶（ACC）和激素敏感脂肪酶（HSL），但增加肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶的表达。在常温条件下，它还能减少PKM2、ENO1和乳酸的产生，而RSK2过表达则有相反的效果。高糖和高胰岛素治疗降低了RSK2、糖酵解和产热标记物以及胰岛素信号，这些被RSK2过表达逆转。结论：RSK2在介导冷诱导和冷非依赖性糖酵解米色脂肪细胞形成中起双重作用。它可能是治疗肥胖和相关代谢紊乱的一个有希望的靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Infrared thermal imaging as a non-invasive predictive tool for early detection of flap necrosis after breast cancer surgery: A prospective cohort study 红外热成像作为乳腺癌手术后皮瓣坏死早期检测的无创预测工具：一项前瞻性队列研究

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104400

Jiangnan Yao , Pin Fang , Haiyan Zhang , Ping Liu , Xiaoqiong Jiang , Pan Huang , Fuman Cai

Background

Skin flap necrosis is a common complication after breast cancer surgery, affecting postoperative recovery and subsequent treatment. Current assessment methods are often subjective or expensive. This study explored the use of infrared thermal imaging (IRT) for early, non-invasive, and real-time prediction of skin flap necrosis.

Method

A total of 203 breast cancer patients were followed for five days after surgery. Skin temperature was measured daily using a portable infrared camera. The temperature difference (ΔT) between the skin flap and a control area was calculated. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive performance of IRT. Kaplan–Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were applied to assess the association between skin temperature and the risk of skin flap necrosis. A joint prediction model incorporating clinical baseline variables and temperature indicators was visualized using nomograms.

Results

The incidence of skin flap necrosis was 10.84 %. ΔT was significantly associated with the risk of necrosis, with the strongest predictive value observed on postoperative day 5. A ΔT ≥ 0.7 °C was identified as a key indicator. The high-risk group had a 7.6 - fold higher risk of necrosis than the low-risk group. Age, nulliparity, smoking, and tumor pathology were independent risk factors. Incorporation of postoperative flap temperature indicators significantly improved the predictive performance of the model.

Conclusion

IRT provides a non-contact method for assessing postoperative skin flap blood flow and metabolism. ΔT, particularly on postoperative days 4 and 5, is a significant predictor of skin flap necrosis risk.

背景：皮瓣坏死是乳腺癌术后常见的并发症，影响术后恢复和后续治疗。目前的评估方法往往是主观的或昂贵的。本研究探讨了红外热成像（IRT）在早期、无创、实时预测皮瓣坏死中的应用。方法对203例乳腺癌患者术后5天进行随访。每天使用便携式红外摄像机测量皮肤温度。计算皮瓣与对照区之间的温差（ΔT）。采用受试者工作特征曲线评价IRT的预测效果。应用Kaplan-Meier分析和Cox比例风险回归评估皮肤温度与皮瓣坏死风险之间的关系。结合临床基线变量和温度指标的联合预测模型使用图可视化。结果皮瓣坏死发生率为10.84%。ΔT与坏死风险显著相关，在术后第5天观察到最强的预测值。ΔT≥0.7°C被确定为关键指标。高风险组的坏死风险比低风险组高7.6倍。年龄、未生育、吸烟和肿瘤病理是独立的危险因素。术后皮瓣温度指标的加入显著提高了模型的预测性能。结论irt为评价皮瓣术后血流量和代谢提供了一种非接触的方法。ΔT，特别是在术后第4天和第5天，是皮瓣坏死风险的重要预测因子。

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引用次数: 0

Handle with care: the thermal consequences of short-term handling in mole salamanders 小心处理：短期处理鼹鼠蝾螈的热后果

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104390

Danilo Giacometti , Luis F. Montes , Melanie Denommé , Denis V. Andrade , Glenn J. Tattersall

Accurately measuring body temperature is critical for understanding how ectotherms interact with their thermal environment. In amphibians, traditional methods like cloacal thermometry require restraint, potentially altering body temperature through stress and heat transfer from human hands. Here, we used infrared thermography to examine how short-term gentle handling (2 min) impacted skin temperatures (T_skin) in two species of mole salamanders (Ambystoma laterale and A. maculatum) by combining field and lab experiments. In the field, we randomly assigned salamanders to a handled or control group, whereas in the lab salamanders were assigned to a heating plate set to hand temperature or a control group. We also scored salamander activity (active vs. inactive) in both settings. In the field, handling increased T_skin in both species, with the head warming up more than the dorsum. Moreover, A. laterale experienced an overall greater magnitude of thermal change (ΔT_skin) than A. maculatum due to body size differences. In the lab, contact with the heating plate increased T_skin, with head T_skin being consistently warmer than dorsal T_skin. We also found that ΔT_skin was greater for the handled than the heating plate group (ΔT_skin = 4.86 ± 1.21 °C vs. 1.72 ± 0.70 °C, respectively), suggesting that handling may amplify heat gain. Warmer salamanders were more prone to be active regardless of whether they were handled or in contact with a heating plate. Our results demonstrate that short-term handling can cause rapid warming that exceeds rates used in heat stress studies, with implications for data reliability and amphibian welfare in thermal biology assays.

准确测量体温对于了解变温动物如何与热环境相互作用至关重要。在两栖动物中，像肛管测温这样的传统方法需要限制，可能会通过人类双手的压力和热量传递来改变体温。本研究采用红外热像仪，结合野外和实验室实验，研究了两种鼹鼠蝾螈（Ambystoma laterale和A. maculatum）的短期温和处理（2分钟）对皮肤温度（Tskin）的影响。在野外，我们随机将蝾螈分配到一个有手的组或对照组，而在实验室里，蝾螈被分配到一个加热板上，设置手的温度或一个对照组。我们还对两种情况下蝾螈的活动（活跃与不活跃）进行了评分。在野外，这两个物种的Tskin都增加了，头部比背部更暖和。此外，由于体型差异，侧边刺比斑纹刺经历了更大的总体热变化（ΔTskin）。在实验室中，与加热板的接触增加了Tskin，头部Tskin始终比背部Tskin温暖。我们还发现，与加热板组相比，处理组的ΔTskin温度更高（ΔTskin = 4.86±1.21°C vs. 1.72±0.70°C），这表明处理可能会放大热量增益。无论它们是否被处理或接触加热板，温暖的蝾螈都更容易活跃。我们的研究结果表明，短期处理可能导致快速变暖，超过热应激研究中使用的速率，这对热生物学分析中的数据可靠性和两栖动物福利有影响。

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引用次数: 0

CSP-YOWO-TrajNet: A spatio-temporal detection method for laying hen heat stress behavior csp - yo - trajnet：一种蛋鸡热应激行为的时空检测方法

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104396

Zhenwei Yu , Liyin Zhang , Liqing Wan , Hai Lin , Khurram Yousaf , Geqi Yan , Hongchao Jiao , Chaoyuan Wang , Fuyang Tian

Mental and physical well-being is a prime factor that allows laying hens to exhibit natural behaviour. It is difficult to monitor the heat stress behavioral changes in laying hens for their welfare and production efficiency. This study proposed the real-time detection of those changes. However, three problems arise in battery-cage systems: birds occlude each other, behaviour labels are coarse, and edge devices have limited resources. To solve these problems, we proposed a three-dimensional spatiotemporal action detector named CSP-YOWO-TrajNet. A 2-D CNN and a 3-D CNN were designed to track and perceive trajectories to address these issues. Initially, CSPDarknet53-SPA was inserted into the 2-D branch to strengthen spatial feature extraction. Second, 3-D ResNeXt-50 was adopted in the 3-D branch for efficient temporal modelling. Finally, a TrajNet module was added to predict trajectories and improve perception and tracking. A video data set of 281 hen-behaviour clips was built for evaluation. The proposed CSP-YOWO-TrajNet achieved a precision of 94.1 % and an mAP@50 of 96.1 %. Compared with the YOWO baseline, precision and mAP@50 were raised by 3.0 % and 3.6 %, respectively, and the model size was reduced from 134.0 MB to 78.8 MB. In terms of tracking, the F1 score reached 95.4 % and the tracking accuracy reached 89.2 %. The proposed detector therefore supports real-time recognition of heat-stress behaviours in laying hens and can be deployed on edge devices.

精神和身体健康是使蛋鸡表现出自然行为的主要因素。为了蛋鸡的福利和生产效率，对热应激条件下蛋鸡行为变化进行监测是非常困难的。本研究提出了对这些变化的实时检测。然而，在电池笼系统中出现了三个问题：鸟类相互遮挡，行为标签粗糙，边缘设备资源有限。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了一个三维时空动作检测器CSP-YOWO-TrajNet。设计了二维CNN和三维CNN来跟踪和感知轨迹以解决这些问题。首先将CSPDarknet53-SPA插入到二维分支中，加强空间特征提取。其次，三维分支采用3-D ResNeXt-50进行高效的时间建模；最后，增加了一个TrajNet模块来预测轨迹，提高感知和跟踪。建立281个母鸡行为视频数据集进行评估。CSP-YOWO-TrajNet的准确率为94.1%，mAP@50为96.1%。与YOWO基线相比，精度和mAP@50分别提高了3.0%和3.6%，模型大小从134.0 MB减小到78.8 MB。在跟踪方面，F1得分达到95.4%，跟踪精度达到89.2%。因此，提议的探测器支持对蛋鸡热应激行为的实时识别，并可以部署在边缘设备上。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of cryotherapy on airway stenosis: In vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro studies 冷冻治疗对气道狭窄的影响：体内、体外和体外研究

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104399

Ganghee Chae , Ok-Joo Sul , Chul Park , Jin Hyoung Kim , Seung Won Ra , Kwang Won Seo , Yangjin Jegal , Jong Joon Ahn , Hee Jeong Cha , Taehoon Lee

Cryotherapy is a promising technique for treating benign central airway stenosis (BCAS), but its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated cryoablation effects on stenosis recurrence using in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro models. Airway stenosis was induced in fourteen pigs, divided into balloon dilatation only (BD) and balloon dilatation with cryoablation (BD + C) groups (n = 7). Pigs were observed using bronchoscopy and computed tomography. Postmortem analyses included histopathology, Western blot, and quantitative RT-PCR (qPCR). In vitro studies using human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells) assessed fibrosis-related markers and cellular responses using Western blot, qPCR, immunocytochemistry, and migration assays. In vivo observation revealed reduced stenosis progression in the BD + C group. Ex vivo analysis showed significantly lower histopathology scores for inflammation, epithelial denudation, and fibrosis, plus reduced fibrosis-related markers including collagen I and III, fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the BD + C group at protein and mRNA levels. In vitro studies using TGF-β1-treated MRC-5 cells exposed to freezing showed reduced collagen I and α-SMA expression and impaired migration compared to controls. Cryoablation may inhibit stenosis progression by reducing TGF-β1-regulated extracellular matrix deposition and fibrosis. These findings provide mechanistic insights into cryotherapy's therapeutic benefits for BCAS management.

冷冻疗法是治疗良性中央气道狭窄（BCAS）的一种很有前途的技术，但其潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究通过体内、离体和体外模型研究了冷冻消融对狭窄复发的影响。14头猪被诱导气道狭窄，分为单纯球囊扩张（BD）组和球囊扩张联合冷冻消融（BD + C）组（n = 7）。采用支气管镜和计算机断层扫描对猪进行观察。死后分析包括组织病理学、Western blot和定量RT-PCR （qPCR）。使用人肺成纤维细胞（MRC-5细胞）的体外研究使用Western blot、qPCR、免疫细胞化学和迁移分析来评估纤维化相关标志物和细胞反应。体内观察显示，BD + C组狭窄进展减缓。体外分析显示，BD + C组炎症、上皮脱落和纤维化的组织病理学评分显著降低，纤维化相关标志物包括胶原I和III、纤维连接蛋白、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和转化生长因子-β1 （TGF-β1）在蛋白质和mRNA水平上均有所降低。体外研究显示，与对照组相比，经TGF-β1处理的MRC-5细胞冷冻后，胶原I和α-SMA表达减少，迁移能力受损。冷冻消融可能通过减少TGF-β1调节的细胞外基质沉积和纤维化来抑制狭窄进展。这些发现为冷冻疗法对BCAS治疗的益处提供了机制上的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal stress has greater impact on the zebrafish skin microbiota than host genotype 热应激对斑马鱼皮肤微生物群的影响大于宿主基因型。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104397

Daniel E. Sadler , Phillip C. Watts , Stephan N. van Dijk , Silva Uusi-Heikkilä

Climate change is increasing the frequency of temperature changes in aquatic environments potentially affecting host microbiota. Microbiota composition can also be affected by host genotype and therefore it is important to understand effects of a stressor across genetically different populations. Size-selective harvesting is an example of an anthropogenic stressor, that drives genetic change in exploited populations. To examine the effects of water temperature and host genotype on skin microbiota, we used three zebrafish selection lines and exposed them to three temperatures: elevated (34 °C), ambient (28 °C), and low (22 °C) for 250 days. Thermal stress had no significant impact on skin microbiota alpha-diversity but did elicit a small, but significant change in microbiota composition (beta-diversity) that included an increase in relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Vibrio) and altered microbiota network structure. By contrast, selection lines (genotypes) did not significantly differ in skin microbiota alpha- or beta-diversity. Our results suggest that skin microbiota is not profoundly impacted by either thermal stress or genotype but may become more prone to an increase in pathogenic taxa under thermal stress. Our results contribute to the understanding of how the interactions of anthropogenic stressors (thermal stress and size-selective harvesting) may potentially affect fish health and fitness.

气候变化增加了水生环境温度变化的频率，可能影响宿主微生物群。微生物群的组成也会受到宿主基因型的影响，因此了解应激源对不同基因群体的影响是很重要的。大小选择性采伐是人为压力源的一个例子，它驱动了被采伐种群的基因变化。为了研究水温和宿主基因型对皮肤微生物群的影响，我们使用了三个斑马鱼选择系，并将它们暴露在三种温度下：高温（34°C）、普通（28°C）和低温（22°C） 250天。热应激对皮肤微生物群α多样性没有显著影响，但确实引起了微生物群组成（β多样性）的微小但显著的变化，包括致病菌（如弧菌）的相对丰度增加和微生物群网络结构的改变。相比之下，选择系（基因型）在皮肤微生物群α -或β -多样性方面没有显著差异。我们的研究结果表明，皮肤微生物群不受热应激或基因型的深刻影响，但在热应激下可能更容易增加致病分类群。我们的研究结果有助于理解人为压力源（热压力和尺寸选择性捕捞）的相互作用如何潜在地影响鱼类的健康和适应性。

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引用次数: 0

From big data to small scales: Machine learning enhances microclimate model predictions. 从大数据到小尺度：机器学习增强微气候模型预测。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104387

Alon Itzkovitch, Idan Sulami, Ronny Doron Efroni, Moni Shahar, Ofir Levy

Microclimates are critical for understanding how organisms interact with their environments, influencing behaviour, physiology, and species distributions. However, traditional physical heat-balance models for predicting ground temperatures in microhabitats often exhibit biases due to unaccounted environmental complexities and poorly constrained parameters. These limitations can hinder ecological research and conservation planning, particularly in the context of climate change. In this study, we demonstrate how high-resolution drone-based mapping and machine learning can improve the accuracy of microclimate models. Using drone imagery, we generated detailed environmental maps, including solar radiation, vegetation indices, and skyview factors, to parameterize a physical heat-balance model. Validation with thermal maps derived from drone-mounted infrared cameras revealed systematic errors in the physical model's predictions, including over- and underestimations under specific environmental conditions. To address these errors, we applied a random forest machine learning model to predict and correct biases in new prediction maps. Our results show that machine learning reduced mean absolute errors by over 30% and mean square errors by 50%, while consistently narrowing the range of prediction inaccuracies. Key factors driving biases, such as vegetation cover, solar radiation, and height above ground, were identified, offering valuable insights for improving physical models. The machine learning corrections not only improved accuracy but also highlighted parameters and processes that were previously underrepresented or oversimplified in traditional models. These findings illustrate the potential of machine learning to improve microclimate predictions. While our drone-based approach is most applicable to open, sparsely vegetated habitats, the principle of machine learning bias correction can be extended to other systems as well. Correcting microclimate models with machine learning and observational data provides ecologists and conservation practitioners with a powerful framework for generating more accurate microclimate estimates. Such improvements deepen our understanding of species' responses to climate change and support climate-resilient management strategies.

小气候对于理解生物如何与其环境相互作用、影响行为、生理和物种分布至关重要。然而，用于预测微生境地温的传统物理热平衡模型往往由于未考虑的环境复杂性和参数约束不佳而表现出偏差。这些限制可能会阻碍生态研究和保护规划，特别是在气候变化的背景下。在这项研究中，我们展示了基于无人机的高分辨率制图和机器学习如何提高微气候模型的准确性。利用无人机图像，我们生成了详细的环境图，包括太阳辐射、植被指数和天景因素，以参数化物理热平衡模型。通过无人机安装的红外摄像机获得的热图进行验证，发现物理模型的预测存在系统性错误，包括在特定环境条件下的高估和低估。为了解决这些错误，我们应用随机森林机器学习模型来预测和纠正新的预测图中的偏差。我们的研究结果表明，机器学习将平均绝对误差降低了30%以上，均方误差降低了50%，同时不断缩小预测不准确的范围。确定了导致偏差的关键因素，如植被覆盖、太阳辐射和地面以上高度，为改进物理模型提供了有价值的见解。机器学习修正不仅提高了准确性，而且突出了以前在传统模型中代表性不足或过度简化的参数和过程。这些发现说明了机器学习在改善微气候预测方面的潜力。虽然我们基于无人机的方法最适用于开放的、植被稀疏的栖息地，但机器学习偏差校正的原理也可以扩展到其他系统。用机器学习和观测数据校正小气候模型为生态学家和保护实践者提供了一个强大的框架，以产生更准确的小气候估计。这些改进加深了我们对物种对气候变化的反应的理解，并支持了气候适应型管理策略。

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引用次数: 0

Relationship between cognitive and thermoregulatory performance in the common wall lizard 壁虎认知与体温调节能力的关系

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104393

Ioanna Gavriilidi , Elina Trafali , Panayiotis Pafilis , Raoul Van Damme

Behavioural thermoregulation is critical for reptiles, because it allows them to maintain their body temperatures within a range that optimizes physiological functions. Behavioural thermoregulation requires sensing, processing, and retaining information on the thermal environment, potentially involving several cognitive processes. Surprisingly, the relationship between cognitive performance and thermoregulatory behaviour and accuracy has hitherto remained virtually unstudied. Here we examined whether enhanced spatial cognition is correlated with more efficient thermoregulation, while also taking into account the possible confounding role of personality. To do that, we first assessed the spatial cognitive abilities of male common wall lizards in two different spatial learning tasks, as well as three personality traits (boldness, explorativeness, and sociability). We then recorded lizards' preferred body temperature range in a thermal gradient. We assessed the lizards’ thermoregulatory performance by recording their body surface temperatures and heat source use in a large enclosure with different types of heat sources (lamps, heating stones, thermal mats), mimicking a spatiotemporally heterogeneous thermal environment. We found that individuals that performed well in the spatial cognition tests switched more often between different heat sources and tended to use them more evenly, but maintained lower overall body temperatures and tended to thermoregulate less accurately than their slow learning conspecifics. Social, shy, and more explorative lizards were more often observed near activated heat sources than lizards with opposite personalities, but personality profiles did not affect body temperature or thermoregulatory accuracy. Overall, spatial cognition and personality may play a role in better exploiting the thermal heterogeneity of the environment, but interestingly this did not translate into more accurate thermoregulation.

行为体温调节对爬行动物来说至关重要，因为它使它们能够将体温保持在一个优化生理功能的范围内。行为体温调节需要感知、处理和保留有关热环境的信息，可能涉及多个认知过程。令人惊讶的是，迄今为止，认知表现与体温调节行为和准确性之间的关系实际上尚未得到研究。在这里，我们研究了增强的空间认知是否与更有效的体温调节有关，同时也考虑了人格可能的混淆作用。为此，我们首先评估了雄性普通壁虎在两种不同空间学习任务中的空间认知能力，以及三种人格特征（大胆、探索性和社交性）。然后，我们在一个热梯度中记录了蜥蜴喜欢的体温范围。我们通过记录蜥蜴体表温度和不同热源（灯、加热石、热垫）在大型围栏中的热源使用情况来评估它们的体温调节性能，模拟时空异质性热环境。我们发现，在空间认知测试中表现良好的个体更频繁地在不同的热源之间切换，并且倾向于更均匀地使用它们，但总体体温保持较低，并且倾向于不准确地调节温度。与性格相反的蜥蜴相比，社交、害羞和更具探索性的蜥蜴更常被观察到靠近激活热源，但性格特征并不影响体温或体温调节的准确性。总体而言，空间认知和个性可能在更好地利用环境的热异质性方面发挥作用，但有趣的是，这并没有转化为更准确的体温调节。

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引用次数: 0

Novel significant associations between temperature-humidity index and HSP70 g.1117G>A with milk yield traits of Holstein-Friesian cows reared in semi-arid regions 温湿指数和HSP70 g.1117G>A与半干旱区荷斯泰因-弗里奶牛产奶量性状的新显著相关性

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104384

Mustafa Kibar , Ramazan Erkmen , Ertuğrul Kul , İbrahim Aytekin

This study aimed to determine the relationships between the HSP70 g.1117G > A gene and some milk production traits such as daily milk yield (DMY), conductivity (Cond), milking time (MT) and activity (Act) in Holstein-Friesian dairy cattle. Blood samples from the coccygeal vein of 203 Holstein-Friesian cows in different lactations were collected. The population, with A and G allele frequencies of 0.2365 and 0.7635 and AA, AG, GG genotype frequencies of 0.089, 0.295, and 0.616, was not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P < 0.01). The lowest DMY was in the THI<65 group, while the highest was in the 65≤THI<68 and THI≥68 groups. Regarding temperature-humidity index (THI), the lowest MT and Act values were recorded in the THI<65 group, while the highest were in the THI≥68 group. For DMY and Cond, the highest values were in AG and the lowest were in AA genotype cattle (P < 0.01). Regarding MT, the highest values were observed in the AA and AG, with the lowest in GG genotypes (P < 0.01). For Act, AG and GG genotypes showed the highest values, while AA had the lowest (P < 0.01). As a result, the G allele (sensitive to heat stress) could be beneficial for both increasing DMY and reducing MT. However, the threshold values for the THI should be re-evaluated based on the effectiveness of the cooling systems used and the specific conditions of the farm.

本研究旨在研究HSP70 g.1117G >； A基因与荷斯泰因-弗里奶牛日产奶量（DMY）、电导率（Cond）、挤奶时间（MT）和活性（Act）等产乳性状的关系。采集203头不同哺乳期荷斯泰因奶牛尾骨静脉血样。种群A、G基因型频率分别为0.2365、0.7635，AA、AG、GG基因型频率分别为0.089、0.295、0.616，不处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P < 0.01）。DMY以THI<；65组最低，65≤THI<；68和THI≥68组最高。温湿指数（THI） MT和Act值在THI≥65组最低，在THI≥68组最高。DMY和Cond以AG型最高，AA型最低（P < 0.01）。MT以AA和AG基因型最高，GG基因型最低（P < 0.01）。Act基因型以AG和GG基因型最高，AA基因型最低（P < 0.01）。因此，G等位基因（对热应激敏感）可能有利于增加DMY和降低MT。然而，THI的阈值应根据所使用的冷却系统的有效性和农场的具体条件重新评估。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal the molecular adaptive mechanisms of Schizopygopsis chengi baoxingensis under acute heat stress 综合转录组学和代谢组学分析揭示了宝兴裂果在急性热胁迫下的分子适应机制

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104398

Hangyu Lin , Xiaoyun Wu , Ya Liu , Jun Ou , Luyun Ni , Feiyang Li , Jiansheng Lai , Quan Gong , Jue Lin , MingJiang Song

Global warming alters aquatic habitats, challenging cold-water fish survival. Schizopygopsis chengi baoxingensis, a cold-water fish from the Qingyijiang River in China, is vulnerable to temperature changes. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the response of S. c. baoxingensis to acute heat stress through an integrated approach of histopathological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Histopathological results revealed significant tissue damage in both the liver and gills, with the liver showing pronounced hepatocellular vacuolization and nuclear displacement, and the gills exhibiting hyperplasia and partial lamellar necrosis. Transcriptomic analysis identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in both tissues. In the liver, DEGs were enriched in pathways related to antioxidant stress, detoxification, and immune response. Notably, genes encoding glutathione S-transferase (GST) and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) were upregulated, suggesting enhanced antioxidant and detoxification capabilities. Additionally, immune-related genes such as C2, C3, C4, C6, C9, CFB, CFH, and MASP2 were predominantly upregulated in the complement and coagulation cascades pathway. In the gills, DEGs including NPNT and NOS2 were significantly upregulated, suggesting enhanced respiratory function. Metabolomic profiling showed significant alterations in energy metabolism, with increased levels of NAD and NADH in the liver, indicating heightened energy demands under thermal stress. Our findings provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the heat stress response of S. c. baoxingensis and highlight potential targets for protecting this species under climate change.

全球变暖改变了水生生物的栖息地，挑战了冷水鱼类的生存。青衣江裂腹鱼是一种来自中国青衣江的冷水鱼，它很容易受到温度变化的影响。本研究旨在通过组织病理学、转录组学和代谢组学的综合分析，阐明宝兴s.c.对急性热应激反应的分子机制。组织病理学结果显示肝脏和鳃均有明显的组织损伤，肝脏表现出明显的肝细胞空泡化和核移位，而鳃表现出增生和部分板层坏死。转录组学分析在两种组织中发现了许多差异表达基因（DEGs）。在肝脏中，DEGs在与抗氧化应激、解毒和免疫反应相关的途径中富集。值得注意的是，编码谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）和udp -葡萄糖醛基转移酶（UGT）的基因上调，表明抗氧化和解毒能力增强。此外，免疫相关基因如C2、C3、C4、C6、C9、CFB、CFH和MASP2在补体和凝血级联通路中主要上调。在鳃中，包括NPNT和NOS2在内的DEGs显著上调，表明呼吸功能增强。代谢组学分析显示能量代谢发生了显著变化，肝脏中NAD和NADH水平升高，表明热应激下能量需求增加。我们的研究结果为揭示保兴杉树热应激反应的分子机制提供了有价值的见解，并为该物种在气候变化下的保护提供了潜在的目标。

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引用次数: 0