Journal of thermal biology最新文献_第2页

Does body cooling facilitated by bedding compared to control condition improve sleep among adults (18–64 years old)? A systematic review and meta-analysis 在成年人（18-64岁）中，与对照条件相比，被褥促进身体降温是否能改善睡眠？系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104030

Florane Pasquier , Maxime Chauvineau , Greta Castellini , Silvia Gianola , Silvia Bargeri , Jacopo Vitale , Mathieu Nedelec

Introduction

The relationship between blood distribution, body temperature, and sleep/wakefulness states is still unclear. The aim of the present study is to systematically review the potential beneficial effects of bedding strategies (e.g., mattress, mattress topper or pillow) on body cooling and night-time sleep.

Material & methods

This systematic review with meta-analysis searched PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science, from inception until March 4, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials aiming to investigate any type of bedding that induced body cooling compared to habitual sleep environment on sleep parameters in healthy adults. Two reviewers independently extracted data, appraised risk of bias by Cochrane tool, and estimated the mean differences between groups with 95% confidence interval. Meta-analyses and proportional meta-analyses were performed depending on the type of variable. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.

Results

From 3454 articles screened, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, with the certainty of the evidence ranging from very low to low we found no differences between groups on sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, sleep proportion spent in each sleep stage (i.e. N1, N2, N3 and REM), wake after sleep onset, and total sleep time. Results could be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity in the estimated effects.

Conclusion

With uncertainty of evidence, that ranged from very low to low, different bedding strategies had no effects on night-time sleep characteristics; however, the studies included into the qualitative synthesis suggested an effect of different bedding strategies on body cooling (i.e., lower core body temperature, p < 0.05) from an acute perspective. Future studies on various forms of bedding interventions susceptible to favour and maintain sleep through a positive body thermal effect are highly warranted.

Prospero registration

CRD42021275369.

血液分布、体温和睡眠/觉醒状态之间的关系尚不清楚。本研究的目的是系统地回顾床上用品（例如，床垫，床垫顶部或枕头）对身体降温和夜间睡眠的潜在有益影响。材料与方法：本系统综述与荟萃分析检索了PubMed、ScienceDirect和Web of Science，检索时间从研究开始到2024年3月4日。我们纳入了随机对照试验，旨在调查任何类型的床上用品对健康成年人睡眠参数的影响，这些床上用品与习惯睡眠环境相比会导致身体降温。两位审稿人独立提取资料，通过Cochrane工具评估偏倚风险，并以95%置信区间估计组间平均差异。根据变量的类型进行meta分析和比例meta分析。使用推荐、评估、发展和评估等级系统评估证据的确定性。结果：从筛选的3454篇文章中，有9篇研究符合纳入标准。总体而言，由于证据的确定性从非常低到很低，我们发现各组之间在睡眠开始潜伏期、睡眠效率、每个睡眠阶段（即N1、N2、N3和REM）的睡眠比例、睡眠开始后的觉醒和总睡眠时间方面没有差异。由于估计效果的高度异质性，结果可能被谨慎解释。结论：在证据不确定的情况下，不同的床上用品策略对夜间睡眠特征的影响范围从非常低到低；然而，纳入定性综合的研究表明，不同的床上策略对身体冷却（即降低核心体温）有影响，p Prospero注册：CRD42021275369。

{"title":"Does body cooling facilitated by bedding compared to control condition improve sleep among adults (18–64 years old)? A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Florane Pasquier , Maxime Chauvineau , Greta Castellini , Silvia Gianola , Silvia Bargeri , Jacopo Vitale , Mathieu Nedelec","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The relationship between blood distribution, body temperature, and sleep/wakefulness states is still unclear. The aim of the present study is to systematically review the potential beneficial effects of bedding strategies (e.g., mattress, mattress topper or pillow) on body cooling and night-time sleep.</div></div><div><h3>Material & methods</h3><div>This systematic review with meta-analysis searched PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science, from inception until March 4, 2024. We included randomized controlled trials aiming to investigate any type of bedding that induced body cooling compared to habitual sleep environment on sleep parameters in healthy adults. Two reviewers independently extracted data, appraised risk of bias by Cochrane tool, and estimated the mean differences between groups with 95% confidence interval. Meta-analyses and proportional meta-analyses were performed depending on the type of variable. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 3454 articles screened, 9 studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, with the certainty of the evidence ranging from very low to low we found no differences between groups on sleep onset latency, sleep efficiency, sleep proportion spent in each sleep stage (i.e. N1, N2, N3 and REM), wake after sleep onset, and total sleep time. Results could be interpreted with caution due to high heterogeneity in the estimated effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>With uncertainty of evidence, that ranged from very low to low, different bedding strategies had no effects on night-time sleep characteristics; however, the studies included into the qualitative synthesis suggested an effect of different bedding strategies on body cooling (i.e., lower core body temperature, p < 0.05) from an acute perspective. Future studies on various forms of bedding interventions susceptible to favour and maintain sleep through a positive body thermal effect are highly warranted.</div></div><div><h3>Prospero registration</h3><div>CRD42021275369.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142872248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supercooling tolerance in the Mexican lizard Barisia imbricata (Squamata: Anguidae) 墨西哥蜥蜴Barisia brbricata（鳞目：鳗鲡科）的过冷耐受性。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104056

Natalia Fierro-Estrada , Donald B. Miles , Barry Sinervo , Fausto R. Méndez de la Cruz , Oswaldo Téllez-Valdes

Environmental temperature impacts the physiological processes of reptiles, determines their hours of activity per day, and may constrain their ability to meet critical ecological requirements. When environmental temperatures reach freezing, a few lizard species exhibit two mechanisms (supercooling and freezing tolerance) to survive freezing, and these two processes depend on cryoprotective molecules, such as glucose. Organisms produce high glucose concentrations to reach lower than normal crystallisation points, and this blood glucose concentration can double after freezing. The viviparous lizard Barisia imbricata lives along a wide elevational gradient (2100–4000 m) at tropical latitudes in temperate and subtropical climates. Populations at extremely high elevations experience environmental temperatures at or below 0 °C. We measured blood glucose concentrations in the lizard B. imbricata in different seasons and compared the values between seasons and between two populations occurring at the elevations of 2200 and 3700 m. In addition, we froze lizards from the two populations and measured their blood glucose concentrations before and after freezing. We did not observe any differences in blood glucose concentrations between different seasons or the two populations. In addition, all lizards survived freezing; their mean crystallisation point was −4.13 °C. Blood glucose concentration in the lizards increased after exposure to freezing temperatures during autumn and winter. Our results indicate that B. imbricata tolerates experimental freezing even in individuals not naturally exposed to subzero temperatures (i.e. populations at 2200 m). Elevated blood glucose concentrations (present year-round) may help B. imbricata individuals survive at low temperatures.

环境温度影响爬行动物的生理过程，决定它们每天的活动时间，并可能限制它们满足关键生态需求的能力。当环境温度达到冰点时，一些蜥蜴物种表现出两种机制（过冷和耐冻）来在冷冻中生存，这两种过程依赖于冷冻保护分子，如葡萄糖。生物体产生的高葡萄糖浓度低于正常结晶点，而这种血糖浓度在冷冻后可以翻倍。胎生蜥蜴Barisia brbricata生活在温带和亚热带气候的热带纬度的宽海拔梯度（2100-4000米）。极高海拔地区的人口所经历的环境温度在0°C或以下。我们在不同季节测量了布氏蜥蜴的血糖浓度，并比较了不同季节和海拔2200米和3700米两个种群之间的血糖值。此外，我们冷冻了这两个种群的蜥蜴，并在冷冻前后测量了它们的血糖浓度。我们没有观察到不同季节或两个人群的血糖浓度有任何差异。此外，所有的蜥蜴都能在冰冻中存活；平均结晶点为-4.13℃。在秋季和冬季暴露于冰冻温度后，蜥蜴的血糖浓度升高。我们的研究结果表明，即使在没有自然暴露于零度以下的个体（即2200米的种群）中，brbricata也能耐受实验冷冻。升高的血糖浓度（全年存在）可能有助于brbricata个体在低温下存活。

{"title":"Supercooling tolerance in the Mexican lizard Barisia imbricata (Squamata: Anguidae)","authors":"Natalia Fierro-Estrada , Donald B. Miles , Barry Sinervo , Fausto R. Méndez de la Cruz , Oswaldo Téllez-Valdes","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental temperature impacts the physiological processes of reptiles, determines their hours of activity per day, and may constrain their ability to meet critical ecological requirements. When environmental temperatures reach freezing, a few lizard species exhibit two mechanisms (supercooling and freezing tolerance) to survive freezing, and these two processes depend on cryoprotective molecules, such as glucose. Organisms produce high glucose concentrations to reach lower than normal crystallisation points, and this blood glucose concentration can double after freezing. The viviparous lizard <em>Barisia imbricata</em> lives along a wide elevational gradient (2100–4000 m) at tropical latitudes in temperate and subtropical climates. Populations at extremely high elevations experience environmental temperatures at or below 0 °C. We measured blood glucose concentrations in the lizard <em>B. imbricata</em> in different seasons and compared the values between seasons and between two populations occurring at the elevations of 2200 and 3700 m. In addition, we froze lizards from the two populations and measured their blood glucose concentrations before and after freezing. We did not observe any differences in blood glucose concentrations between different seasons or the two populations. In addition, all lizards survived freezing; their mean crystallisation point was −4.13 <strong>°</strong>C. Blood glucose concentration in the lizards increased after exposure to freezing temperatures during autumn and winter. Our results indicate that <em>B. imbricata</em> tolerates experimental freezing even in individuals not naturally exposed to subzero temperatures (i.e. populations at 2200 m). Elevated blood glucose concentrations (present year-round) may help <em>B. imbricata</em> individuals survive at low temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of maternal curcumin nano-micelle supplementation on transitioning ewes and their offspring: Performance, health biomarkers, and environmental impacts during heat stress 母羊姜黄素纳米胶束补充对过渡母羊及其后代的影响：热应激期间的性能、健康生物标志物和环境影响。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104047

Mostafa Bokharaeian , Barış Kaki , Mojtaba Najafi , Abdolhakim Toghdory , Taghi Ghoorchi

This study examined the impact of curcumin nanomicelles (CNM) supplementation on transitioning ewes and their offspring. Thirty-two crossbred pregnant ewes [Ile-de-France × (Dalagh × Romanov)], confirmed to carry twins, were randomly assigned to a control group (CTRL) or a treatment group receiving 40 mg of CNM per ewe per day. Supplementation began before and continued after delivery. We assessed various parameters, including growth performance, metabolic health, inflammatory markers, hematological profiles, immunoglobulin levels, antioxidant status, and greenhouse gas emissions. CNM supplementation improved growth in both ewes and lambs, consistent with curcumin's known metabolic effects. Significant reductions in inflammatory markers were observed in both ewes and lambs, with decreased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios indicating reduced systemic inflammation. Increased levels of IgG and IgA in both ewes and lambs suggested improved immune competence. Antioxidant biomarkers indicated better management of oxidative stress, with some benefits extended to offspring. CNM had varying effects on methanogen populations and nitrous oxide emissions. It significantly reduced methanogen numbers postpartum, but had no significant effect pre-partum. A slight increase in N2O emissions was observed before delivery, but was not sustained after delivery. These results underscore the complex interactions of metabolic, immunological, and environmental factors influenced by CNM supplementation during the transition period. More research is needed to refine supplementation strategies, evaluate long-term effects, and explore ways to mitigate increased greenhouse gas emissions while preserving health benefits.

本研究考察了姜黄素纳米胶束（CNM）补充对过渡母羊及其后代的影响。32只确认携带双胞胎的杂交妊娠母羊[Ile-de-France × （Dalagh × Romanov）]被随机分为对照组（CTRL）和治疗组，每只母羊每天接受40毫克CNM。在分娩前和分娩后继续补充。我们评估了各种参数，包括生长性能、代谢健康、炎症标志物、血液学特征、免疫球蛋白水平、抗氧化状态和温室气体排放。添加CNM可以改善母羊和羔羊的生长，这与姜黄素已知的代谢作用一致。在母羊和羔羊中均观察到炎症标志物显著降低，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率降低表明全身炎症减轻。母羊和羔羊的IgG和IgA水平升高表明免疫能力提高。抗氧化生物标志物表明，氧化应激得到了更好的控制，并对后代有一定的益处。CNM对甲烷菌数量和氧化亚氮排放有不同的影响。产后产甲烷菌数量明显减少，产前无显著影响。在交付前观察到N2O排放量略有增加，但交付后没有持续。这些结果强调了在过渡时期补充CNM影响的代谢、免疫和环境因素的复杂相互作用。需要更多的研究来完善补充策略，评估长期效果，并探索在保持健康益处的同时减少温室气体排放增加的方法。

{"title":"Effects of maternal curcumin nano-micelle supplementation on transitioning ewes and their offspring: Performance, health biomarkers, and environmental impacts during heat stress","authors":"Mostafa Bokharaeian , Barış Kaki , Mojtaba Najafi , Abdolhakim Toghdory , Taghi Ghoorchi","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined the impact of curcumin nanomicelles (CNM) supplementation on transitioning ewes and their offspring. Thirty-two crossbred pregnant ewes [Ile-de-France × (Dalagh × Romanov)], confirmed to carry twins, were randomly assigned to a control group (CTRL) or a treatment group receiving 40 mg of CNM per ewe per day. Supplementation began before and continued after delivery. We assessed various parameters, including growth performance, metabolic health, inflammatory markers, hematological profiles, immunoglobulin levels, antioxidant status, and greenhouse gas emissions. CNM supplementation improved growth in both ewes and lambs, consistent with curcumin's known metabolic effects. Significant reductions in inflammatory markers were observed in both ewes and lambs, with decreased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios indicating reduced systemic inflammation. Increased levels of IgG and IgA in both ewes and lambs suggested improved immune competence. Antioxidant biomarkers indicated better management of oxidative stress, with some benefits extended to offspring. CNM had varying effects on methanogen populations and nitrous oxide emissions. It significantly reduced methanogen numbers postpartum, but had no significant effect pre-partum. A slight increase in N2O emissions was observed before delivery, but was not sustained after delivery. These results underscore the complex interactions of metabolic, immunological, and environmental factors influenced by CNM supplementation during the transition period. More research is needed to refine supplementation strategies, evaluate long-term effects, and explore ways to mitigate increased greenhouse gas emissions while preserving health benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104047"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143007630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dynamics of thermal tolerance plasticity across fish species and life stages 不同鱼类和生命阶段的热耐受可塑性动态。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104024

Jeremy De Bonville , Anna H. Andreassen , Zara-Louise Cowan , Lorena Silva-Garay , Robine H.J. Leeuwis , Eirik R. Åsheim , Ben Speers-Roesch , Graham D. Raby , Sandra A. Binning , Fredrik Jutfelt

Climate warming with associated heat waves presents a concerning challenge for ectotherms such as fishes. During heatwaves, the ability to rapidly acclimate can be crucial for survival. However, surprisingly little is known about how different species and life stages vary in their acclimation dynamics, including the magnitude of change in thermal tolerance through acclimation (i.e. acclimation capacity; also known as the acclimation response ratio, ARR), the duration needed for the novel acclimation temperature to significantly alter thermal tolerance from the initial level (which we term the response induction time, t_induction), or the duration needed to achieve the new acclimation steady state (which we term the time to full acclimation, t_steady). To shed light on this knowledge gap, we studied the acclimation dynamics of three wild-caught fishes (goldsinny wrasse, three-spined stickleback and European flounder) by assessing upper thermal tolerance (CT_max) after different periods of time acclimating to a warmed environment. We also measured both CT_max and lower thermal tolerance (CT_min) in juvenile and adult lab-bred zebrafish acclimated to a warmed environment. Upper thermal tolerance of zebrafish and sticklebacks significantly increased after a 3 h exposure to a warm treatment, while t_induction took six and 24 h in the wrasse and flounder, respectively. Goldsinny wrasse had the highest ARR, and did not reach full acclimation of CT_max within the duration of the study (10 days). All other species fully acclimated within 4–10 days. Juvenile zebrafish showed similar acclimation dynamics to adults for both upper and lower thermal tolerance, but had a higher CT_min for all acclimation durations. Our results demonstrate that acclimation dynamics of thermal tolerance vary across species, but can be similar between life stages within species. Understanding species-specific thermal plasticity is important for accurately modeling the projected impacts of climate change.

气候变暖与相关的热浪对鱼类等变温动物提出了一个令人担忧的挑战。在热浪中，快速适应环境的能力对生存至关重要。然而，令人惊讶的是，人们对不同物种和生命阶段在驯化动态方面的变化知之甚少，包括驯化过程中热耐受性的变化幅度(即驯化能力；也称为驯化反应比（ARR），即新的驯化温度显著改变初始水平的热耐受性所需的持续时间（我们称之为响应诱导时间，induction），或达到新的驯化稳定状态所需的持续时间（我们称之为完全驯化时间，steady）。为了阐明这一知识差距，我们通过评估不同时期适应温暖环境后的上热耐量（CTmax），研究了三种野生鱼类（金濑鱼、三棘棘鱼和欧洲比目鱼）的适应动态。我们还测量了适应温暖环境的幼鱼和成年实验室培育的斑马鱼的CTmax和低热耐受性（CTmin）。斑马鱼和棘鱼的上热耐受性在3 h后显著增加，而濑鱼和比目鱼的上热耐受性分别在6 h和24 h后诱导。高尾濑鱼的ARR最高，在试验期间（10 d）未达到CTmax的完全驯化。所有其他物种在4-10天内完全适应。幼鱼的热耐受性与成鱼的热耐受性相似，但在所有驯化时间内CTmin均高于成鱼。我们的研究结果表明，不同物种的热耐受性驯化动态不同，但物种内不同生命阶段的驯化动态可能相似。了解物种特有的热可塑性对于准确模拟预测气候变化的影响非常重要。

{"title":"Dynamics of thermal tolerance plasticity across fish species and life stages","authors":"Jeremy De Bonville , Anna H. Andreassen , Zara-Louise Cowan , Lorena Silva-Garay , Robine H.J. Leeuwis , Eirik R. Åsheim , Ben Speers-Roesch , Graham D. Raby , Sandra A. Binning , Fredrik Jutfelt","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate warming with associated heat waves presents a concerning challenge for ectotherms such as fishes. During heatwaves, the ability to rapidly acclimate can be crucial for survival. However, surprisingly little is known about how different species and life stages vary in their acclimation dynamics, including the magnitude of change in thermal tolerance through acclimation (i.e. acclimation capacity; also known as the acclimation response ratio, ARR), the duration needed for the novel acclimation temperature to significantly alter thermal tolerance from the initial level (which we term the response induction time, t<sub>induction</sub>), or the duration needed to achieve the new acclimation steady state (which we term the time to full acclimation, t<sub>steady</sub>). To shed light on this knowledge gap, we studied the acclimation dynamics of three wild-caught fishes (goldsinny wrasse, three-spined stickleback and European flounder) by assessing upper thermal tolerance (CT<sub>max</sub>) after different periods of time acclimating to a warmed environment. We also measured both CT<sub>max</sub> and lower thermal tolerance (CT<sub>min</sub>) in juvenile and adult lab-bred zebrafish acclimated to a warmed environment. Upper thermal tolerance of zebrafish and sticklebacks significantly increased after a 3 h exposure to a warm treatment, while t<sub>induction</sub> took six and 24 h in the wrasse and flounder, respectively. Goldsinny wrasse had the highest ARR, and did not reach full acclimation of CT<sub>max</sub> within the duration of the study (10 days). All other species fully acclimated within 4–10 days. Juvenile zebrafish showed similar acclimation dynamics to adults for both upper and lower thermal tolerance, but had a higher CT<sub>min</sub> for all acclimation durations. Our results demonstrate that acclimation dynamics of thermal tolerance vary across species, but can be similar between life stages within species. Understanding species-specific thermal plasticity is important for accurately modeling the projected impacts of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142895963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surviving the heat: The homeostatic regulation mechanism of endangered Brachymystax tsinlingensis 高温下的生存：濒危物种青林短霉菌的稳态调节机制。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104023

Zhenlu Wang , Huan Ye , Peng Liu , Shaoqing Lin , Yizhou Wang , Qiong Zhou , Haibo Jiang , Jian Shao

Conservation and utilization of Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966 (B. tsinlingensis), an endangered cold-water fish, is severely hampered by heat stress. In this study, heat stress and recovery experiments were firstly performed and implied that the intestine of B. tsinlingensis remained capable of self-regulation under heat stress. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the homeostatic mechanisms of B. tsinlingensis during temperature fluctuations. The results showed that a total of 5775 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1725 up- and 4050 down-regulated) were identified in the heat stress group, and 4312 DEGs (2024 up- and 2228 down-regulated) were identified in the recovery group when compared to their expression levels in the control group. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), citrate cycle (TCA cycle), oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, ferroptosis, focal adhesion, and tight junction pathways were found to be significantly up-regulated during heat stress, and declined during the recovery process. The results illustrated that heat stress caused ferroptosis and apoptosis in B. tsinlingensis. However, the organism was able to maintain homeostasis during temperature fluctuations modulating its energy metabolism, as well as the barrier and immune functions of the intestine. These findings help to enhance our understanding of the acclimation mechanisms of cold-water fish in present-day climate change.

热应激严重影响了濒危冷水性鱼类秦岭蛙（Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li，1966）的保护和利用。本研究首先进行了热胁迫和恢复实验，结果表明，在热胁迫下，秦岭蛙的肠道仍具有自我调节能力。因此，研究人员利用转录组分析来研究沙丁鱼在温度波动时的平衡机制。结果表明，与对照组的表达水平相比，热胁迫组共发现了 5775 个差异表达基因（1725 个上调，4050 个下调），恢复组发现了 4312 个差异表达基因（2024 个上调，2228 个下调）。通过基因组富集分析（Gene Set Enrichment Analysis，GSEA）发现，柠檬酸循环（TCA循环）、氧化磷酸化、细胞凋亡、铁凋亡、局灶粘附和紧密连接通路在热应激过程中显著上调，而在恢复过程中则有所下降。结果表明，热胁迫会导致沙丁鱼铁蛋白沉积和细胞凋亡。然而，该生物能够在温度波动期间通过调节能量代谢以及肠道的屏障和免疫功能来维持体内平衡。这些发现有助于加深我们对冷水鱼在当今气候变化中的适应机制的理解。

{"title":"Surviving the heat: The homeostatic regulation mechanism of endangered Brachymystax tsinlingensis","authors":"Zhenlu Wang , Huan Ye , Peng Liu , Shaoqing Lin , Yizhou Wang , Qiong Zhou , Haibo Jiang , Jian Shao","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conservation and utilization of <em>Brachymystax tsinlingensis</em> Li, 1966 (<em>B. tsinlingensis</em>), an endangered cold-water fish, is severely hampered by heat stress. In this study, heat stress and recovery experiments were firstly performed and implied that the intestine of <em>B. tsinlingensis</em> remained capable of self-regulation under heat stress. Therefore, transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the homeostatic mechanisms of <em>B. tsinlingensis</em> during temperature fluctuations. The results showed that a total of 5775 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (1725 up- and 4050 down-regulated) were identified in the heat stress group, and 4312 DEGs (2024 up- and 2228 down-regulated) were identified in the recovery group when compared to their expression levels in the control group. Through Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), citrate cycle (TCA cycle), oxidative phosphorylation, apoptosis, ferroptosis, focal adhesion, and tight junction pathways were found to be significantly up-regulated during heat stress, and declined during the recovery process. The results illustrated that heat stress caused ferroptosis and apoptosis in <em>B. tsinlingensis</em>. However, the organism was able to maintain homeostasis during temperature fluctuations modulating its energy metabolism, as well as the barrier and immune functions of the intestine. These findings help to enhance our understanding of the acclimation mechanisms of cold-water fish in present-day climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Single and combined effects of environmental heat stress and physical exercise on thermoregulation, executive function, and cerebral oxygenation

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104057

Fanjun Qin, Ke Hu, Yuge Wu, Xinyan Zheng

This study investigated the single and combined effects of environmental heat stress and physical exercise on executive function (EF) performance, prefrontal cortex oxygenation, thermoregulatory responses and subjective perceptions. Sixteen subjects participated in four experimental sessions: two under moderate environmental conditions (23 °C), with and without physical exercise (R23, E23), and two under hot environmental conditions (35 °C), with and without physical exercise (R35, E35). In each session, participants completed EF tasks before and after 1 h of passive rest or 45 min of moderate-intensity cycling followed by 15 min of rest. We used Δresponse time (ΔRT) and Δaccuracy (ΔACC) of EF tasks to demonstrate changes from pre to post experiment. Additionally, changes in cerebral oxygenation during EF tasks were illustrated using the Δoxygenation difference. Heat stress alone increased core temperature (T_core), mean skin temperature (T_skin), heart rate (HR), thermal sensation (TS), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Exercise in a hot environment further increased physiological indicators and RPE, but TS exhibited a different pattern, with lower TS in R35 compared to E35 during the second battery of executive function tests. Moreover, heat stress alone increased ΔRT for the More-Odd Shifting task and the Stroop task under incongruent conditions, while decreasing the Δoxygenation difference during the More-Odd Shifting task. ΔRT for the 2-back, More-Odd Shifting and Stroop tasks under incongruent conditions were lower in the E35 trial than in the R35 trial, whereas the Δoxygenation difference was higher in the E35 trial compared to the R35 trial. These findings indicate that environmental heat stress alone increases T_core and T_skin, alters TS, and impairs EF performance by decreasing prefrontal cortex oxygenation. A 45-min moderate-intensity exercise combined with environmental heat stress enhances the increases in body temperatures but mitigates the detrimental effects of heat stress alone on EF performance by increasing prefrontal cortex oxygenation.

{"title":"Single and combined effects of environmental heat stress and physical exercise on thermoregulation, executive function, and cerebral oxygenation","authors":"Fanjun Qin, Ke Hu, Yuge Wu, Xinyan Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the single and combined effects of environmental heat stress and physical exercise on executive function (EF) performance, prefrontal cortex oxygenation, thermoregulatory responses and subjective perceptions. Sixteen subjects participated in four experimental sessions: two under moderate environmental conditions (23 °C), with and without physical exercise (R23, E23), and two under hot environmental conditions (35 °C), with and without physical exercise (R35, E35). In each session, participants completed EF tasks before and after 1 h of passive rest or 45 min of moderate-intensity cycling followed by 15 min of rest. We used Δresponse time (ΔRT) and Δaccuracy (ΔACC) of EF tasks to demonstrate changes from pre to post experiment. Additionally, changes in cerebral oxygenation during EF tasks were illustrated using the Δoxygenation difference. Heat stress alone increased core temperature (T<sub>core</sub>), mean skin temperature (T<sub>skin</sub>), heart rate (HR), thermal sensation (TS), and rating of perceived exertion (RPE). Exercise in a hot environment further increased physiological indicators and RPE, but TS exhibited a different pattern, with lower TS in R35 compared to E35 during the second battery of executive function tests. Moreover, heat stress alone increased ΔRT for the More-Odd Shifting task and the Stroop task under incongruent conditions, while decreasing the Δoxygenation difference during the More-Odd Shifting task. ΔRT for the 2-back, More-Odd Shifting and Stroop tasks under incongruent conditions were lower in the E35 trial than in the R35 trial, whereas the Δoxygenation difference was higher in the E35 trial compared to the R35 trial. These findings indicate that environmental heat stress alone increases T<sub>core</sub> and T<sub>skin</sub>, alters TS, and impairs EF performance by decreasing prefrontal cortex oxygenation. A 45-min moderate-intensity exercise combined with environmental heat stress enhances the increases in body temperatures but mitigates the detrimental effects of heat stress alone on EF performance by increasing prefrontal cortex oxygenation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104057"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143052957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between temperature and relative humidity with CO2 and CH4 concentration and ectoparasite abundance in blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nests

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104058

Francisco Castaño-Vázquez , Sergio Sánchez-Moral , Soledad Cuezva , Santiago Merino

The presence of nestlings influences the microclimate inside avian nesting cavities. We explored the relationship between temperature and relative humidity and the abundance of ectoparasites and gas concentrations in blue tit nest boxes during the nestling period by comparing two years with differing climatic conditions. In the second year, we also manipulated the temperature and humidity inside the nest boxes. The average temperature in nest boxes was colder during 2016 than 2017; in the latter, even warmer conditions were attained due to the experimental manipulation of temperature. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) concentration in the forest air was slightly lower in 2016 than 2017. However, in both years, the CO₂ concentration of nest box air was higher than that of forest air, with 2017 showing a greater difference. Differences in brood size, larger in 2016, did not explain the difference in CO₂ concentration. However, CO₂ concentration was higher in nestboxes in the warmer year implying that at higher temperatures, organic matter decomposition likely accelerates, releasing more CO₂ into the atmosphere. By contrast, CH₄ concentration in nest-box air, which was similar in both years, was lower than that in forest air, particularly in the wettest and coldest year. Different relationships were found between the abundance of different ectoparasites and the temperature, relative humidity, and gas concentration measured at different days of nestling age. For example, a positive association is observed between flea larval abundance and temperature at nestling day 8, but a negative one is observed for mites under the same microclimate conditions. Moreover, a negative relationship was observed between the abundance of mites, midges, and blackflies and CH₄ concentration at different nestling ages. These results suggest that changes in climatic conditions can also affect the concentrations of CH₄ and CO₂ inside and outside nest boxes, which in turn differentially affect ectoparasite abundance.

{"title":"Relationship between temperature and relative humidity with CO2 and CH4 concentration and ectoparasite abundance in blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nests","authors":"Francisco Castaño-Vázquez , Sergio Sánchez-Moral , Soledad Cuezva , Santiago Merino","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of nestlings influences the microclimate inside avian nesting cavities. We explored the relationship between temperature and relative humidity and the abundance of ectoparasites and gas concentrations in blue tit nest boxes during the nestling period by comparing two years with differing climatic conditions. In the second year, we also manipulated the temperature and humidity inside the nest boxes. The average temperature in nest boxes was colder during 2016 than 2017; in the latter, even warmer conditions were attained due to the experimental manipulation of temperature. Carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) concentration in the forest air was slightly lower in 2016 than 2017. However, in both years, the CO<sub>2</sub> concentration of nest box air was higher than that of forest air, with 2017 showing a greater difference. Differences in brood size, larger in 2016, did not explain the difference in CO<sub>2</sub> concentration. However, CO<sub>2</sub> concentration was higher in nestboxes in the warmer year implying that at higher temperatures, organic matter decomposition likely accelerates, releasing more CO<sub>2</sub> into the atmosphere. By contrast, CH<sub>4</sub> concentration in nest-box air, which was similar in both years, was lower than that in forest air, particularly in the wettest and coldest year. Different relationships were found between the abundance of different ectoparasites and the temperature, relative humidity, and gas concentration measured at different days of nestling age. For example, a positive association is observed between flea larval abundance and temperature at nestling day 8, but a negative one is observed for mites under the same microclimate conditions. Moreover, a negative relationship was observed between the abundance of mites, midges, and blackflies and CH<sub>4</sub> concentration at different nestling ages. These results suggest that changes in climatic conditions can also affect the concentrations of CH<sub>4</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> inside and outside nest boxes, which in turn differentially affect ectoparasite abundance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Sadness smile” curve: Processing emotional information from social network for evaluating thermal comfort perception "悲伤微笑 "曲线处理社交网络中的情感信息，评估热舒适感。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104025

Yifeng Liu , Xinyue Zhang , Hongxu Wei , Zhanhua Cao , Peng Guo

Thermal comfort is a subjective perception, hence conventional evaluation using meteorological factors faces a technical challenge in precise assessment. Human beings have the nature to differentiate expressions of facial emotions when varied thermal environments are perceived. Facial expression scores can be taken as a predictor of perceived thermal comfort which can be precisely assessed using deep learning against physical factors. In this study, a total of 8314 facial photos were obtained from volunteers in 82 parks of 49 cities via social network. Facial expressions were analyzed to happy, sad, and neutral emotion scores using a professional instrument. Temperature-responsive changes in sadness score (SS) can be fit by a U-shaped curve which was called as the ‘sadness smile’. The stationary point of second-order derivative was identified to predict the-most-comfort temperature (22.84 °C), across which a tangent line framed the range of comfort temperatures based on two intersections with first-order derivatives (14.62–31.06 °C). Critical temperature points were identified along a positively correlated line of modified temperature-humidity index against increasing temperatures, which were negatively correlated with SS in autumn and winter. The ResNet model was demonstrated to excellently predict emotion-based thermal comfort perceptions in validation set (R² > 0.5). A nation-wide mapping suggested that many cities of Northwest and North China had local environments that can be perceived with comfort assessed by SS against thermal and cooling temperatures in summer and winter, respectively.

热舒适是一种主观感受，传统的气象因子评价在准确评价方面面临技术挑战。当感知到不同的热环境时，人类具有区分面部情绪表达的天性。面部表情得分可以作为感知热舒适的预测指标，可以使用深度学习对物理因素进行精确评估。本研究通过社交网络共获取了来自49个城市82个公园的志愿者的8314张面部照片。使用专业仪器分析面部表情为快乐、悲伤和中性情绪得分。温度对悲伤分数（SS）的响应变化可以用一条被称为“悲伤微笑”的u形曲线来拟合。确定二阶导数的定定点预测最舒适温度（22.84°C），在此切线上建立了基于两个一阶导数相交的舒适温度范围（14.62-31.06°C）。关键温度点与修正温湿指数随气温升高呈显著正相关，与秋冬季SS呈显著负相关。在验证集中，ResNet模型被证明可以很好地预测基于情绪的热舒适感知（R2 > 0.5）。一项全国范围内的测绘表明，西北和华北的许多城市的当地环境分别在夏季和冬季可以通过SS对热温度和冷温度的舒适度进行评估。

{"title":"“Sadness smile” curve: Processing emotional information from social network for evaluating thermal comfort perception","authors":"Yifeng Liu , Xinyue Zhang , Hongxu Wei , Zhanhua Cao , Peng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Thermal comfort is a subjective perception, hence conventional evaluation using meteorological factors faces a technical challenge in precise assessment. Human beings have the nature to differentiate expressions of facial emotions when varied thermal environments are perceived. Facial expression scores can be taken as a predictor of perceived thermal comfort which can be precisely assessed using deep learning against physical factors. In this study, a total of 8314 facial photos were obtained from volunteers in 82 parks of 49 cities via social network. Facial expressions were analyzed to happy, sad, and neutral emotion scores using a professional instrument. Temperature-responsive changes in sadness score (SS) can be fit by a U-shaped curve which was called as the ‘sadness smile’. The stationary point of second-order derivative was identified to predict the-most-comfort temperature (22.84 °C), across which a tangent line framed the range of comfort temperatures based on two intersections with first-order derivatives (14.62–31.06 °C). Critical temperature points were identified along a positively correlated line of modified temperature-humidity index against increasing temperatures, which were negatively correlated with SS in autumn and winter. The ResNet model was demonstrated to excellently predict emotion-based thermal comfort perceptions in validation set (<em>R</em><sup>2</sup> > 0.5). A nation-wide mapping suggested that many cities of Northwest and North China had local environments that can be perceived with comfort assessed by SS against thermal and cooling temperatures in summer and winter, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex-specific differences in insulin response and substrate oxidation after repeated, brief whole-body immersion in 45 °C water: A prospective, interventional study 在 45 °C 水中反复短暂全身浸泡后，胰岛素反应和底物氧化的性别差异：一项前瞻性干预研究。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104029

Rima Solianik, Gintare Dauksaite, Laura Jarutiene, Marius Brazaitis

Prolonged heat exposure is suggested to improve glucose metabolism and fat oxidation, but no studies have addressed whether brief heat stimuli represent a viable, time-efficient, alternative approach. Consequently, we examined the ability of brief stimuli evoked by 45 °C water to improve glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and fat oxidation in young, non-obese, males and females. Twenty-four participants completed fourteen 5-min sessions involving whole body passive heating in 45 °C water. Changes in resting catecholamines, cytokines, substrate oxidation, resting energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, and insulin release in response to an oral glucose tolerance test, were assessed before and 24-h after intervention, and 1 month after the end of the intervention. The results showed that repeated short-duration heat intervention had no significant effects on epinephrine, norepinephrine, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in both sexes. Glucose area under the curve (AUC) was not affected. However, females had a lower insulin AUC and improved insulin sensitivity as indicated by a decrease in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and an increase in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and the Matsuda insulin sensitivity index values one month after the end of the heat intervention. No effect was observed in resting energy expenditure, but carbohydrate oxidation per kilogram increased in females, and this substrate oxidation change was maintained after one month. In conclusion, fourteen sessions of brief 5-min whole-body immersion in 45 °C water produced an improvement in insulin sensitivity and increased reliance on carbohydrate oxidation in females.

长时间的热暴露被认为可以改善葡萄糖代谢和脂肪氧化，但没有研究表明短暂的热刺激是否代表一种可行的、时间效率高的替代方法。因此，我们研究了45°C水引起的短暂刺激对年轻、非肥胖男性和女性的葡萄糖耐量、胰岛素敏感性和脂肪氧化的改善能力。24名参与者完成了14个5分钟的疗程，包括在45°C的水中进行全身被动加热。在干预前、干预后24小时和干预结束后1个月评估静息儿茶酚胺、细胞因子、底物氧化、静息能量消耗、葡萄糖耐量和胰岛素释放对口服葡萄糖耐量试验的响应。结果表明，反复短时间热干预对两性肾上腺素、去甲肾上腺素、白细胞介素-6和肿瘤坏死因子α的产生均无显著影响。葡萄糖曲线下面积（AUC）不受影响。然而，在热干预结束一个月后，女性胰岛素AUC降低，胰岛素敏感性改善，胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估减少，胰岛素敏感性定量检查指数和松田胰岛素敏感性指数值增加。在静息能量消耗方面没有观察到任何影响，但每千克碳水化合物氧化增加，并且这种底物氧化变化在一个月后保持不变。总之，在45°C的水中浸泡14次5分钟，可以改善女性的胰岛素敏感性，增加对碳水化合物氧化的依赖。

{"title":"Sex-specific differences in insulin response and substrate oxidation after repeated, brief whole-body immersion in 45 °C water: A prospective, interventional study","authors":"Rima Solianik, Gintare Dauksaite, Laura Jarutiene, Marius Brazaitis","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prolonged heat exposure is suggested to improve glucose metabolism and fat oxidation, but no studies have addressed whether brief heat stimuli represent a viable, time-efficient, alternative approach. Consequently, we examined the ability of brief stimuli evoked by 45 °C water to improve glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and fat oxidation in young, non-obese, males and females. Twenty-four participants completed fourteen 5-min sessions involving whole body passive heating in 45 °C water. Changes in resting catecholamines, cytokines, substrate oxidation, resting energy expenditure, glucose tolerance, and insulin release in response to an oral glucose tolerance test, were assessed before and 24-h after intervention, and 1 month after the end of the intervention. The results showed that repeated short-duration heat intervention had no significant effects on epinephrine, norepinephrine, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha production in both sexes. Glucose area under the curve (AUC) was not affected. However, females had a lower insulin AUC and improved insulin sensitivity as indicated by a decrease in homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, and an increase in the quantitative insulin sensitivity check index and the Matsuda insulin sensitivity index values one month after the end of the heat intervention. No effect was observed in resting energy expenditure, but carbohydrate oxidation per kilogram increased in females, and this substrate oxidation change was maintained after one month. In conclusion, fourteen sessions of brief 5-min whole-body immersion in 45 °C water produced an improvement in insulin sensitivity and increased reliance on carbohydrate oxidation in females.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142846938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comfort-based design of summer green space optimization in arid oasis-type cities 基于舒适度的干旱绿洲型城市夏季绿地优化设计。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104020

Hongkai Xie, Xiaoxu Li, Jie Li

Arid, oasis-type cities significantly limit the quality and duration of outdoor activities for residents due to their hot, dry summer climate. This study aims to enhance environmental comfort in dry, hot regions, focusing on the outdoor environment of a densely populated university in Xinjiang. Through on-site research and field measurements, the thermal baseline and key factors influencing comfort across different times and locations were analyzed. Numerical simulations were employed to explore the mechanisms by which changes in vegetation parameters affect comfort, leading to the proposal of an optimization strategy. The results indicate that a combination of empirical measurements and survey data reveals variations in thermal baselines and comfort-affecting factors over time and space. The neutral temperature ranged from 26.10 °C to 26.96 °C. Key factors affecting summer comfort included G (0.91∗∗), T_a (0.74∗∗), and RH (−0.57∗∗). The impact of vegetation coverage on PET was found to depend on the type of vegetation assembly. In comparison to the baseline case at 18:00, the optimized plaza design resulted in a decrease in T_a, etc by 2.86 °C, an increase in RH by 3.42%, a reduction in V_a by 0.01 m/s, and a reduction in PET by 24.62 °C. These enhancements also improved comfort levels on nearby roads. The findings provide valuable insights for assessing human comfort and designing green spaces in arid regions.

干旱的绿洲型城市由于夏季气候炎热干燥，极大地限制了居民户外活动的质量和持续时间。本研究旨在提高干燥炎热地区的环境舒适度，以新疆一所人口稠密的大学为研究对象。通过现场研究和现场测量，分析了不同时间和地点的热基线和影响舒适性的关键因素。通过数值模拟，探讨植被参数变化对舒适性影响的机理，并提出优化策略。结果表明，实证测量和调查数据的结合揭示了热基线和舒适影响因素随时间和空间的变化。中性温度范围为26.10 ~ 26.96℃。影响夏季舒适性的主要因子为G（0.91 * *）、Ta（0.74 * *）和RH（-0.57 * *）。植被覆盖度对PET的影响与植被组合类型有关。与18:00的基线情况相比，优化后的广场设计使Ta等降低2.86°C， RH增加3.42%，Va降低0.01 m/s， PET降低24.62°C。这些改进也提高了附近道路的舒适度。研究结果为评估干旱地区的人类舒适度和设计绿色空间提供了有价值的见解。

{"title":"Comfort-based design of summer green space optimization in arid oasis-type cities","authors":"Hongkai Xie, Xiaoxu Li, Jie Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.104020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Arid, oasis-type cities significantly limit the quality and duration of outdoor activities for residents due to their hot, dry summer climate. This study aims to enhance environmental comfort in dry, hot regions, focusing on the outdoor environment of a densely populated university in Xinjiang. Through on-site research and field measurements, the thermal baseline and key factors influencing comfort across different times and locations were analyzed. Numerical simulations were employed to explore the mechanisms by which changes in vegetation parameters affect comfort, leading to the proposal of an optimization strategy. The results indicate that a combination of empirical measurements and survey data reveals variations in thermal baselines and comfort-affecting factors over time and space. The neutral temperature ranged from 26.10 °C to 26.96 °C. Key factors affecting summer comfort included G (0.91∗∗), T<sub>a</sub> (0.74∗∗), and RH (−0.57∗∗). The impact of vegetation coverage on PET was found to depend on the type of vegetation assembly. In comparison to the baseline case at 18:00, the optimized plaza design resulted in a decrease in T<sub>a</sub>, etc by 2.86 °C, an increase in RH by 3.42%, a reduction in V<sub>a</sub> by 0.01 m/s, and a reduction in PET by 24.62 °C. These enhancements also improved comfort levels on nearby roads. The findings provide valuable insights for assessing human comfort and designing green spaces in arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17428,"journal":{"name":"Journal of thermal biology","volume":"127 ","pages":"Article 104020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142864750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0