Journal of thermal biology最新文献_第4页

Elevation shapes thermal breadth and climate sensitivity in Moltrecht's treefrog tadpoles 海拔塑造了Moltrecht树蛙蝌蚪的热宽度和气候敏感性

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104369

Jh-Yu You , Pol Pintanel , Ming-Feng Chuang

Global climate change causes rising annual temperatures and an increase in extreme climate events, posing higher risks to organisms. Understanding the thermal tolerance of organisms is therefore crucial to evaluate the temperature limits they can withstand. Previous studies have hypothesized that species thriving in regions with higher climatic variability tend to have broader thermal tolerance breadth to adapt to such environments, a concept known as the climate variability hypothesis. However, few studies have explored whether different populations of the same species, distributed across varying environments, follow this trend. In this study, we examined the critical thermal tolerance abilities and recorded the microclimates of Moltrecht's green treefrog (Zhangixalus moltrechti) tadpoles across different elevations. We aimed to test the climate variability hypothesis and assess the plasticity of their upper and lower thermal tolerance limits. Our results revealed that tadpoles from higher elevations exhibit a broader thermal tolerance breadth, with elevation primarily influencing their critical thermal minimum. Additionally, the plasticity of cold tolerance was greater than that of heat tolerance. Our study highlights that even within the same species, populations in different environments face distinct threats from climate change. Notably, global warming poses a greater risk to low-elevation populations.

全球气候变化导致年气温上升和极端气候事件增加，给生物带来更高的风险。因此，了解生物体的耐热性对于评估它们所能承受的温度限制至关重要。以前的研究假设，在气候变异性较高的地区，物种往往具有更广泛的热耐受广度来适应这种环境，这一概念被称为气候变异性假说。然而，很少有研究探讨分布在不同环境中的同一物种的不同种群是否遵循这一趋势。研究了不同海拔地区绿树蛙（Zhangixalus moltrechti）蝌蚪的临界耐热能力，并记录了它们的小气候特征。我们的目的是验证气候变率假说，并评估其上下限热容极限的可塑性。研究结果表明，高海拔地区的蝌蚪表现出更宽的热容忍宽度，海拔主要影响其临界热最小值。耐寒性的可塑性大于耐热性。我们的研究强调，即使在同一物种中，不同环境中的种群也面临着气候变化带来的不同威胁。值得注意的是，全球变暖对低海拔地区的人口构成了更大的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Do artificial roost design and placement alter the torpor expression of Indiana bats? 人工筑巢的设计和位置会改变印第安那蝙蝠的迟钝表情吗？

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104372

Reed D. Crawford , Luke E. Dodd , Joy M. O'Keefe

Artificial bat roosts are deployed worldwide for conservation and mitigation for loss of habitat. To date, few studies have assessed bat physiological responses to these structures despite the direct fitness consequences associated with artificial roosts. Variations in artificial roost design and placement impact roost temperature and could affect bats’ thermoregulatory responses, with potentially negative implications for energy expenditure and reproduction. To address this knowledge gap, we used temperature-sensitive radio telemetry to quantify the torpor expression of female Indiana bats, an endangered species, using five different artificial roost designs placed in sun-exposed and shaded locations during the summer of 2021 at field sites in Indiana and Kentucky, USA. For bats using the large, thermally stratified artificial roosts we deployed, all variants of a reference design, torpor expression was strongly influenced by minimum daily temperature but not by artificial roost design. Indiana bats exhibited three common thermoregulatory behaviors during this study: continuous endothermy, morning torpor, and all-day torpor use. By switching roosts with seasonal weather shifts, Indiana bats could avoid cooler, shaded artificial roosts, thus avoiding excessive torpor use during pup rearing. Bats shifted from shaded roost placements early in the summer to sun-exposed roost placements after canopy leaf-out occurred. Our results highlight the labile behavioral and thermoregulatory responses of bats to their roosting environments. Offering a variety of artificial roost designs and placements to meet shifting thermoregulatory needs could be critical to enabling bats to maintain a positive energy budget over the course of the maternity season.

在世界各地部署了人工蝙蝠栖息地，以保护和减轻生境的丧失。迄今为止，很少有研究评估蝙蝠对这些结构的生理反应，尽管这些结构与人工栖息地有直接的适应性影响。人工栖息地设计和位置的变化会影响栖息地温度，并可能影响蝙蝠的体温调节反应，对能量消耗和繁殖产生潜在的负面影响。为了解决这一知识差距，我们在2021年夏季在美国印第安纳州和肯塔基州的野外地点使用温度敏感无线电遥测技术，在阳光照射和阴影处放置了五种不同的人工巢穴设计，量化了濒危物种印第安纳州雌性蝙蝠的冬眠表达。对于使用我们部署的大型热分层人工栖息地的蝙蝠，参考设计的所有变体，冬眠表达受最低日温度的强烈影响，但不受人工栖息地设计的影响。在这项研究中，印第安那蝙蝠表现出三种常见的体温调节行为：持续恒温、早晨冬眠和全天冬眠。通过随着季节天气的变化而改变栖息地，印第安纳蝙蝠可以避免更凉爽，阴凉的人工栖息地，从而避免在幼仔饲养期间过度使用冬眠。蝙蝠在夏初从阴凉的栖息地转移到树冠落叶发生后暴露在阳光下的栖息地。我们的研究结果强调了蝙蝠对栖息环境的不稳定行为和体温调节反应。提供各种各样的人工栖息地设计和位置，以满足不断变化的体温调节需求，对于使蝙蝠在生育季节保持正能量预算至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Acute thermal stress responses of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in freshwater and seawater 大西洋鲑鱼在淡水和海水中的急性热应激反应

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104370

Junewoo Park , Kyun-Woo Lee , Jin-chul Park , Sung-oh Park , Euihyeon Lee , Min-Seok Kim , Hye-Min Kang

Climate-change-induced temperature change poses significant challenges for aquatic organisms, particularly fish. In this study, we investigated the effects of acute thermal stress on the smolt-stage Atlantic salmon Salmo salar reared under both freshwater and seawater conditions. A total of 192 salmon smolts (mean body weight ± SD: 136.20 ± 13.24 g) were exposed to four temperatures (14, 18, 22, and 26 °C) for up to 120 h. Biochemical parameters and gene expression levels of antioxidant- and stress-related markers were analyzed to assess the effects of thermal exposure. Mortality was observed only in the 26 °C group, and weight gain was observed only in the control groups, suggesting that increased temperatures negatively affect growth. Biochemical analysis revealed that serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels were significantly elevated at 26 °C in freshwater conditions, while serum glucose, chloride, and sodium were increased in seawater conditions. Additionally, serum total protein and total cholesterol were decreased in both freshwater and seawater conditions, indicating possible hepatic dysfunction under high thermal stress. Gene expression data demonstrated substantial upregulation of hsp70, hsp90, and gpx, with cat and ppar-γ showing early significant decrease. These results indicate that acute thermal stress markedly disrupts physiological and molecular responses in S. salar, highlighting the critical need for effective temperature management strategies in aquaculture and wild salmon conservation under ongoing climate change.

气候变化引起的温度变化对水生生物，特别是鱼类构成了重大挑战。在本研究中，我们研究了急性热应激对淡水和海水条件下饲养的幼龄大西洋鲑鱼的影响。将192只鲑鱼（平均体重±SD: 136.20±13.24 g）暴露在4种温度（14、18、22和26°C）下长达120小时。分析了生物化学参数和抗氧化和应激相关标志物的基因表达水平，以评估热暴露的影响。只有在26°C组中观察到死亡率，只有在对照组中观察到体重增加，这表明温度升高对生长有负面影响。生化分析显示，26℃淡水条件下血清丙氨酸转氨酶和天冬氨酸转氨酶水平显著升高，海水条件下血清葡萄糖、氯化物和钠含量升高。此外，在淡水和海水条件下，血清总蛋白和总胆固醇均下降，表明高热应激可能导致肝功能障碍。基因表达数据显示hsp70、hsp90和gpx显著上调，cat和ppar-γ早期显著降低。这些结果表明，急性热应激显著破坏了S. salar的生理和分子反应，强调了在持续气候变化的情况下，水产养殖和野生鲑鱼保护迫切需要有效的温度管理策略。

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引用次数: 0

Divergent physiological and life-history responses to temperature acclimation in two soil free-living nematodes 两种土壤自由生活线虫对温度驯化的不同生理和生活史响应

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104373

Ziqing Kang , Shan Sun , Leilei Lu , Huijun Li , Teng Li , Huixin Li

Climate warming significantly impacts the diversity and abundance of animals, including soil-dwelling species that play crucial roles in soil ecosystems. Understanding their response to temperature variations is crucial for comprehending their adaptative strategies to climate warming. However, most studies have primarily focused on aboveground animals, often neglecting those in soil. Our study examined the acclimation of two species of soil free-living nematodes, Acrobeloides sp. and Distolabrellus veechi, to cool and warm temperatures, focusing on their physiological (mass-specific routine metabolic rate, head swing frequency) and life-history (body size, reproduction, lifespan) responses. We also investigated maternal effects on offspring development and hatching success of these two nematodes. Our results revealed that warm acclimation increased the body size and head swing frequency of Acrobeloides, shortened its egg-laying period and lifespan, but did not alter its mass-specific routine metabolic rate or brood size. In contrast, warm acclimation increased both body size and brood size of D. veechi, decreased its mass-specific routine metabolic rate and head swing frequency, and shortened its egg-laying period and lifespan. Both nematode species modulated their offspring's acclimation to the maternal acclimation temperature to varying degrees through maternal effects. To our knowledge, this study is among the first to show that soil free-living nematodes can adjust their life-history strategies in response to temperature changes, highlighting the diversity of thermal responses in soil animals and providing a basis for understanding their adaptive strategies and ecological consequences under climate warming.

气候变暖显著影响动物的多样性和丰度，包括在土壤生态系统中发挥关键作用的土壤栖息物种。了解它们对温度变化的反应对于理解它们对气候变暖的适应策略至关重要。然而，大多数研究主要集中在地上的动物身上，往往忽视了土壤中的动物。本研究研究了两种土壤自由生活线虫（Acrobeloides sp.）和veechi Distolabrellus veechi)对低温和温暖环境的适应，重点研究了它们的生理（质量特异性常规代谢率、头部摆动频率）和生活史（体型、繁殖、寿命）反应。我们还研究了母体对这两种线虫后代发育和孵化成功的影响。结果表明，温驯化增加了棘球蜂的体型和摇头频率，缩短了其产卵期和寿命，但没有改变棘球蜂的质量代谢率和产卵量。温驯化使黄颡鱼体尺和产卵量增加，降低了黄颡鱼的质量常规代谢率和摇头频率，缩短了黄颡鱼的产卵期和寿命。两种线虫都通过母体效应不同程度地调节其后代对母体驯化温度的适应。据我们所知，这项研究是第一个表明土壤自由生活的线虫可以根据温度变化调整其生活史策略的研究之一，突出了土壤动物热响应的多样性，并为了解气候变暖下它们的适应策略和生态后果提供了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Spermidine ameliorates heat stress-induced testicular dysfunction in mice 亚精胺改善小鼠热应激性睾丸功能障碍。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104366

Shuqi Zou , Tao Sun , Shengqin Zang , Bo Pan , Jianpeng Qin , Can Wang , Kunlin Du , Yaozong Wei , Ao Ning , Xiangyi Chen , Jiangfeng Ye , Yuee Gao , Qiuxia Liang , Guozhi Yu , Tianzeng Song , Kai Yang , Guangbin Zhou

While the adverse effects of heat stress on male fertility are well-established, the development of targeted intervention strategies remains a critical research gap. Spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine in plants and animals, exhibits diverse biological functions including potential antioxidant and autophagy-modulating properties. However, its protective role in spermatogenesis under heat stress conditions requires further investigation. This study aimed to determine whether spermidine mitigates heat stress-induced spermatogenic dysfunction through antioxidant effects or autophagy regulation. Our findings revealed that 14 days post-heat exposure (Day 0 to anaesthetization), testis-to-body significantly decreased, accompanied by increased seminiferous tubule damage and reduced germ cell layers. Heat stress altered the expression of key genes involved in the testicular antioxidant-related genes (SOD1, SOD2, Nrf2), autophagy-related genes (ATG4, PINK1), mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes (DNM1L, Sirt1, Pgc-1α, Tfam), apoptosis-related genes (Bax, Bcl2, Caspase 3, Caspase 9). Additionally, while testosterone levels increased, sperm motility, sperm concentration, and cleavage rates declined, with a concomitant rise in sperm abnormalities. Notably, intraperitoneal administration of 5 mg/kg spermidine effectively counteracted these detrimental effects. These results highlight spermidine's potential as a therapeutic agent for testicular damage due to heat stress.

虽然热应激对男性生育能力的不利影响已经确立，但有针对性的干预策略的发展仍然是一个关键的研究空白。亚精胺是一种天然存在于动植物体内的多胺，具有多种生物功能，包括潜在的抗氧化和自噬调节特性。然而，其在热应激条件下对精子发生的保护作用有待进一步研究。本研究旨在确定亚精胺是否通过抗氧化作用或自噬调节来减轻热应激诱导的生精功能障碍。我们的研究结果显示，热暴露后14天（麻醉第0天），睾丸对身体的影响显著降低，同时伴有精管损伤增加和生殖细胞层数减少。热应激改变了睾丸抗氧化相关基因（SOD1、SOD2、Nrf2）、自噬相关基因（ATG4、PINK1）、线粒体生物发生相关基因（DNM1L、Sirt1、Pgc-1α、Tfam）、凋亡相关基因（Bax、Bcl2、Caspase 3、Caspase 9）的表达。此外，当睾酮水平升高时，精子活力、精子浓度和卵裂率下降，精子异常率随之上升。值得注意的是，腹腔注射5mg /kg亚精胺可有效抵消这些有害影响。这些结果突出了亚精胺作为热应激引起的睾丸损伤治疗剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating antenna configurations for improved microwave therapy outcomes in liver tumors enhanced with magnetic nanoparticles 评估天线配置对磁性纳米颗粒增强肝肿瘤微波治疗效果的改善

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104365

Soheil S. Fakhradini, Mehdi Mosharaf-Dehkordi, Hossein Ahmadikia

The effects of geometric parameters on microwave thermal therapy, enhanced with magnetic nanoparticles, for liver cancer are investigated. Using finite element analysis and considering various tumor diameters ranging from 20 to 40 mm, the number and placement of antenna slots, antenna positioning, and slot spacing were evaluated to improve treatment efficacy. Numerical results indicate that three-slot antennas provide superior performance by generating uniform electromagnetic field that reduces collateral damage, whereas five-slot configurations increased healthy tissue necrosis by up to 124 % for smaller tumors. Moreover, slot spacing has a negligible effect in nanoparticle-enhanced treatments, as the nanoparticles dominated heat distribution. Positioning the antenna tip at the tumor's edge can reduce treatment times and side effects, limiting healthy tissue damage by 21–79 %, depending on tumor size and offset. For tumors of diameters larger than 35 mm, positioning effects diminish, as necrosis volume stabilized across different placements. Compared to a 25 mm tumor, the 20 mm tumor showed that 67 % of the increase in necrosis volume was due to healthy tissue damage, even though the treated tumor volume was 95 % larger. This efficiency can be improved with tumor size; for a 40 mm tumor, the increase in healthy tissue necrosis was only 27 %, despite the tumor being 49 % larger. The location of gap also played a role, smaller gaps near the antenna tip improve tumor coverage and reduce side effects, but variations in gap location had minimal impact on healthy tissue necrosis. These results demonstrate that appropriate geometric configurations in microwave thermal therapy can enhance tumor ablation while minimizing collateral damage, particularly for larger tumors.

研究了几何参数对磁性纳米颗粒增强微波热治疗肝癌的影响。采用有限元分析方法，考虑肿瘤直径在20 ~ 40 mm范围内，对天线槽数、放置位置、天线定位、槽间距进行评估，以提高治疗效果。数值结果表明，三槽天线通过产生均匀的电磁场来减少附带损伤，从而提供了优越的性能，而对于较小的肿瘤，五槽天线的配置可使健康组织坏死增加高达124%。此外，在纳米颗粒增强处理中，槽间距的影响可以忽略不计，因为纳米颗粒主导了热分布。将天线尖端放置在肿瘤边缘可以减少治疗时间和副作用，将健康组织损伤限制在21 - 79%，具体取决于肿瘤大小和偏移量。对于直径大于35mm的肿瘤，定位效果减弱，因为不同位置的坏死体积稳定。与25mm肿瘤相比，20mm肿瘤显示67%的坏死体积增加是由于健康组织损伤，尽管治疗后的肿瘤体积增加了95%。这种效率可以随着肿瘤的大小而提高；对于40mm的肿瘤，尽管肿瘤增大了49%，但健康组织坏死仅增加了27%。间隙的位置也发挥了作用，天线尖端附近较小的间隙可以改善肿瘤覆盖范围并减少副作用，但间隙位置的变化对健康组织坏死的影响最小。这些结果表明，微波热治疗中适当的几何结构可以增强肿瘤消融，同时最大限度地减少附带损伤，特别是对于较大的肿瘤。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic and phenotypic insights into thermal load and racing performance of Quarter Horses 四分之一马的热负荷和比赛表现的遗传和表型分析。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104362

Mário L. Santana , Annaiza B. Bignardi , Ricardo A.S. Faria , Josineudson A.II.V. Silva

Thermal load is a major welfare and performance concern for athletic horses, as physical exertion increases internal heat production. Although several phenotypic strategies have been developed to mitigate its effects, the genetic basis of thermal tolerance in horses remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to (1) evaluate the influence of thermal indices on the racing performance of Brazilian Quarter Horses, and (2) investigate the genetic basis of thermal tolerance through the estimation of genetic parameters across temperature gradients. We analyzed 21,857 racing-time (RT) records from 5542 horses competing between 1984 and 2016 in Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil, a region with a mild subtropical climate. The performance of Quarter Horses improved at higher air temperatures and thermal indices, as races were held within their thermal comfort zone. Among all environmental variables, the average air temperature over the four days preceding each race (T4) explained the greatest proportion of variation in RT. A reaction norm model was applied to RT using T4 as the environmental descriptor. Both thermotolerant and heat-sensitive genotypes were identified. Heritability and additive genetic variance varied along the temperature scale, revealing heterogeneity in genetic control. A negative genetic correlation between intercept and slope indicated a trade-off between overall performance and heat tolerance. Genetic trends showed that selection for faster racing times was associated with reduced tolerance to higher thermal load in Quarter Horses. Therefore, future breeding strategies should explicitly integrate thermotolerance to maintain performance under increasingly challenging climatic conditions.

热负荷是运动马的主要福利和表现问题，因为体力消耗会增加内部产热。尽管已经开发了几种表型策略来减轻其影响，但马耐热性的遗传基础仍未得到很大程度的探索。本研究旨在(1)评估热指标对巴西四分之一马比赛表现的影响；(2)通过估计不同温度梯度的遗传参数来研究热耐受性的遗传基础。我们分析了1984年至2016年在巴西圣保罗索罗卡巴（soocaba）比赛的5542匹马的21857个比赛时间（RT）记录，这是一个亚热带气候温和的地区。四分之一马的表现在较高的气温和热指数下有所改善，因为比赛是在它们的热舒适区举行的。在所有环境变量中，每场比赛前4天的平均气温（T4）解释了RT变化的最大比例。将T4作为环境描述符应用于RT的反应范数模型。鉴定出耐热型和热敏型两种基因型。遗传力和加性遗传方差沿温度尺度变化，表明遗传控制存在异质性。截距和斜率之间呈负相关，表明综合性能与耐热性之间存在权衡关系。遗传趋势表明，选择更快的比赛时间与四分之一马对更高热负荷的耐受性降低有关。因此，未来的育种策略应明确整合耐热性，以在日益严峻的气候条件下保持性能。

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引用次数: 0

Taurine alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal injury by inhibiting ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice 牛磺酸通过抑制ros介导的内质网应激减轻小鼠热应激诱导的肠道损伤

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104363

Xixi Ren, Zhiqing Huang, Gang Jia, Hua Zhao, Xiaoling Chen

Heat stress (HS) induces intestinal injury in animals, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of taurine (TAU) on intestinal injury induced by heat stress. The heat stress model was established by maintaining mice in a constant temperature and humidity environment (41 ± 1 °C, relative humidity 50 %–60 %), with core body temperature reaching 42 °C. In the experimental design, we supplemented different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg) of TAU to the mice's basal diet, while setting up two positive control groups that received intraperitoneal injections of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), respectively. The findings revealed that heat stress led to a significant upregulation of intestinal heat shock protein 70 protein expression along with higher serum corticosterone in mice. Heat stress impaired intestinal morphology, downregulated tight junction protein gene expression and increased intestinal permeability. Simultaneously, heat stress significantly decreased intestinal antioxidant capacity, caused mitochondrial dysfunction, increased the content of inflammatory cytokines and promoted apoptosis, resulting in excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and triggering endoplasmic reticulum stress. However, dietary supplementation with TAU alleviated these heat stress-induced effects, and similar results were also obtained with NAC and 4-PBA. Together, TAU could inhibit the accumulation of ROS and endoplasmic reticulum stress by enhancing intestinal antioxidant capacity, decreased inflammatory responses and apoptosis, which may exert its protective effect against heat stress-induced intestinal injury.

热应激（HS）可引起动物肠道损伤，但其机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨牛磺酸（TAU）对热应激引起的肠道损伤的保护作用。将小鼠置于恒温恒湿环境（41±1℃，相对湿度50% - 60%），核心体温达到42℃，建立热应激模型。在实验设计中，我们在小鼠基础日粮中添加不同剂量（100、200和400 mg/kg）的TAU，同时建立两个阳性对照组，分别腹腔注射n -乙酰- l-半胱氨酸（NAC）和4-苯基丁酸（4-PBA）。结果表明，热应激导致小鼠肠道热休克蛋白70蛋白表达显著上调，血清皮质酮水平升高。热应激损伤肠道形态，下调紧密连接蛋白基因表达，增加肠道通透性。同时，热应激显著降低肠道抗氧化能力，引起线粒体功能障碍，增加炎症细胞因子含量，促进细胞凋亡，导致活性氧（ROS）过度积累，引发内质网应激。然而，在饮食中添加TAU可以缓解这些热应激诱导的影响，NAC和4-PBA也可以获得类似的结果。TAU通过增强肠道抗氧化能力，减少炎症反应和细胞凋亡，抑制ROS的积累和内质网应激，可能对热应激引起的肠道损伤发挥保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

High mountains are more than cold peaks: Diverse thermal availability for an endemic lizard 高山不仅仅是寒冷的山峰：对一种特有的蜥蜴来说，不同的热可利用性

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104367

Guadalupe López Juri , José M. Sánchez , Rafael A. Lara-Reséndiz , Sergio Naretto

引用次数: 0

The effects of improving barn cooling on the behaviour, physiological responses, gene expression, and milk yield of dairy cows 改善牲口棚降温对奶牛行为、生理反应、基因表达和产奶量的影响

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2025-12-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2025.104364

Viktor Jurkovich , Szilvia Szalai , Zsóka Várhidi , Szilvia Kusza , Zoltán Bagi , Lilla Bodrogi , Blanka Dávid , Mária Kovács-Weber , Róbert Kővágó , Mikolt Bakony , Péter Hejel

Heat stress poses a significant challenge for dairy cows, particularly in warm climates, as it hampers their physiology, behaviour, and milk production. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a modern barn cooling system equipped with temperature-dependent fans in alleviating heat stress and enhancing cow welfare and productivity. The research was conducted on a large-scale Holstein Friesian dairy farm, comparing two high-yielding groups of around 100 cows each. The experimental group was housed in a barn with newly installed louvered, temperature-dependent circulation fans (providing high airspeed), while the control group remained in a barn with box ventilators (low airspeed). Data were collected over four three-day sampling periods during the summer. Environmental conditions were monitored using data loggers that recorded temperature and humidity, enabling calculation of the temperature-humidity index (THI). Cow body temperature was measured intravaginally. Additionally, time spent lying, eating, and ruminating was also tracked. Daily milk yields were obtained from the farm's database. Blood samples were also taken for gene expression measurements. Results indicated that THI values in both barns frequently surpassed the heat stress threshold (THI >68), yet air velocity in the experimental barn was notably higher (1.5–2.5 m/s) than in the control barn (0.2–0.5 m/s). Cows in the cooled barn showed significantly lower body temperatures in three of four periods. While lying time did not vary significantly, eating time increased in the experimental group later in the study. Moreover, milk yield was approximately 3 L/day higher (p < 0.05) in the experimental group. Enhanced ventilation led to complex changes in gene expression patterns, suggesting dynamic cellular responses to improved environmental conditions. These outcomes indicate that improved ventilation effectively reduces heat stress and supports better health, feeding behaviour, and milk production in dairy cows.

热应激对奶牛构成了重大挑战，特别是在温暖的气候中，因为它会影响它们的生理、行为和产奶量。本研究评估了配备温度依赖风扇的现代牛舍冷却系统在缓解热应激和提高奶牛福利和生产力方面的有效性。这项研究是在一个大型荷斯坦弗里西亚奶牛场进行的，比较了两个高产组，每个组约100头奶牛。实验组被安置在一个装有新安装的百叶、温度依赖循环风扇的谷仓里（提供高空速），而对照组则被安置在一个装有箱形通风机的谷仓里（低空速）。数据是在夏季四个为期三天的采样期收集的。使用记录温度和湿度的数据记录仪监测环境条件，从而计算温湿度指数（THI）。阴道内测量奶牛体温。此外，撒谎、进食和沉思的时间也被追踪。每日产奶量从农场的数据库中获取。血液样本也被用于基因表达测量。结果表明，两个仓的THI值都经常超过热应力阈值（THI >68），但实验仓的空气速度（1.5 ~ 2.5 m/s）明显高于对照仓（0.2 ~ 0.5 m/s）。在降温的牛棚里，奶牛的体温在四个时期中的三个时期明显降低。虽然躺着的时间没有显著变化，但在研究后期，实验组的进食时间增加了。另外，试验组产奶量比对照组高约3 L/d （p < 0.05）。增强的通风导致基因表达模式的复杂变化，表明对改善的环境条件的动态细胞反应。这些结果表明，改善通风可以有效地减少热应激，并有助于奶牛的健康、摄食行为和产奶量。

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