Journal of thermal biology最新文献_第3页

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia for different breast categories: Effect of nanoparticle distribution patterns and temperature-dependent perfusion models on thermal transport 不同乳房类别的磁流体热疗：纳米颗粒分布模式和温度依赖灌注模型对热传递的影响

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104417

Pratik Roy , Ranjan Ganguly , Nirmalendu Biswas

Magnetic fluid hyperthermia (MFH) offers a targeted means of thermally degrading malignant tissue by impregnating superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPMNPs) within a tumor and exciting them with an alternating magnetic field. Although numerical modeling has been attempted before to guide MFH treatment optimization, systematic studies jointly integrating specific tissue categories, clinically realistic nanoparticle distributions, and dynamic perfusion evolution remain absent from the literature, leaving a critical gap in personalized MFH treatment planning. To address this, we develop a finite-element framework that integrates realistic SPMNPs distribution functions, along with a perfusion model whose magnitude varies with thermally induced tissue damage, all embedded within the Pennes bioheat formulation. Using representative breast compositions and tumor types, we investigate five spatial SPMNP-distributions under magnetic field conditions constrained by the magnetic field-frequency/Hergt–Dutz (Hf) threshold. The simulations resolve transient temperature fields, quantify thermal injury, and assess treatment quality across fatty to highly dense breast categories. The results indicate that fat-rich tumors exhibit a faster temperature rise than muscle-dominant tumors, and that the relative ease of heating mirrors the proportion of adipose to fibroglandular tissue in the surrounding breast. For deeply situated lesions, the extent of healthy-tissue injury is governed more strongly by the duration of heating than by the peak temperature attained, underscoring the importance of temporal control in MFH. Among the investigated spatial SPMNP-patterns, the radial Gaussian distribution consistently delivers the most advantageous balance − enhancing energy deposition within the tumor while restraining damage to adjacent tissue. These findings offer valuable insights for tailored, patient-specific hyperthermia therapy, thus lending to the successful clinical implementation of MFH as a promising tool for localized breast cancer treatment.

磁流体热疗（MFH）提供了一种有针对性的热降解恶性组织的方法，通过将超顺磁性纳米颗粒（SPMNPs）浸透在肿瘤内并用交变磁场激发它们。虽然之前已经尝试过数值模拟来指导MFH治疗优化，但文献中缺乏结合特定组织类别、临床真实纳米颗粒分布和动态灌注演变的系统研究，这在个性化MFH治疗计划中留下了关键空白。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一个有限元框架，该框架集成了现实的SPMNPs分布函数，以及一个灌注模型，其大小随热诱导的组织损伤而变化，所有这些都嵌入在Pennes生物热配方中。利用具有代表性的乳腺成分和肿瘤类型，我们研究了磁场条件下磁场频率/Hergt-Dutz （Hf）阈值约束下的五种空间spmnp分布。模拟解决瞬态温度场，量化热损伤，并评估治疗质量跨越脂肪到高密度乳房类别。结果表明，富含脂肪的肿瘤比以肌肉为主的肿瘤表现出更快的温度上升，并且相对容易加热反映了乳房周围脂肪与纤维腺组织的比例。对于位于深部的病变，健康组织损伤的程度更受加热持续时间的影响，而不是达到的峰值温度，这强调了在MFH中时间控制的重要性。在所研究的空间spmnp模式中，径向高斯分布始终提供最有利的平衡-增强肿瘤内的能量沉积，同时抑制对邻近组织的损伤。这些发现为量身定制的患者特异性热疗提供了有价值的见解，从而为MFH作为局部乳腺癌治疗的有前途的工具的成功临床实施提供了帮助。

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引用次数: 0

Entropy enhanced infrared thermography: A radiation free paradigm for precision screening of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis 熵增强红外热成像：一种无辐射的范例，用于精确筛选青少年特发性脊柱侧凸。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104430

Ning Du , Songzi Cui , Chenxi Hu , Shengshu Wang , Fanqi Hu , Xiaoqing Yang , Weibo Liu , Ji Guo Yu , Xuesong Zhang , Yafeng Song

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a significant challenge to global paediatric health. Early detection and longitudinal monitoring are critical for initiating non operative interventions and preventing irreversible skeletal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of infrared thermography (IRT) entropy as a non invasive screening technique for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. To this end, we recruited 203 patients with idiopathic scoliosis and 105 healthy controls, all aged 8 to 18 years. The analysis examined differences in back entropy and temperature values between the idiopathic scoliosis and control groups, whilst calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to assess classification performance. Data analysis was conducted between February and July 2025. A significant disparity was identified between the idiopathic scoliosis group and the control group in both back entropy and temperature values (P < 0.05), with idiopathic scoliosis patients exhibiting markedly reduced entropy and significantly elevated temperatures (for example, in the upper right (UR) region, entropy decreased from 2.63 ± 0.46 bits in the control group to 1.79 ± 0.41 bits in the left convex, while temperature increased from 36.1 ± 0.7 °C to 36.5 ± 0.1 °C). Intragroup analysis revealed good symmetry in both entropy and temperature between the left and right sides of the back in the control group (P > 0.05). Conversely, both entropy and temperature values exhibited significant left right asymmetry in the idiopathic scoliosis group (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that entropy had good discriminatory ability in distinguishing AIS patients from controls, suggesting its potential utility as an adjunctive screening tool. This approach, being radiation free, effectively addresses the limitation of cumulative radiation exposure inherent in current X ray dependent detection protocols.

青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（AIS）是全球儿科健康面临的重大挑战。早期发现和纵向监测对于启动非手术干预和预防不可逆转的骨骼并发症至关重要。本研究的目的是评估红外热成像（IRT）熵作为青少年特发性脊柱侧凸的非侵入性筛查技术的有效性。为此，我们招募了203名特发性脊柱侧凸患者和105名健康对照者，年龄均为8至18岁。分析特发性脊柱侧凸组与对照组之间的背熵和温标值的差异，同时计算受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线下的面积来评估分类效果。数据分析于2025年2月至7月进行。特发性脊柱侧凸组与对照组的背熵值和温控值差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。相反，熵值和温度值在特发性脊柱侧凸组表现出显著的左右不对称(P

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引用次数: 0

Hard to measure Lilliputians: Error in the measurement of body temperature of small amphibians and a method to avoid it 难以测量的利力浦特人：小型两栖动物体温测量误差及避免方法。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104391

Georgia K. Kosmala, Enore A. Massoni, Denis V. Andrade

Accurate measurement of body temperature (T_b) is essential for understanding the physiological ecology of ectothermic organisms. However, in small-bodied amphibians, heat exchange during handling and intrinsic limitations of measuring devices and/or protocols can introduce substantial error in T_b measurements. Here, we first estimated the magnitude of such an error for methodological approaches commonly adopted in the measurement of T_b in small ectothermic organisms in the field. We then propose a novel, low-cost restraint method, using a modified Foerster forceps, aimed at reducing heat transfer during handling. Accordingly, we compared the short-term changes (<2 min) in the T_b of frogs restrained with bare or gloved hands with those measured under the new proposed restraint method. We performed all tests using the Hylidae treefrog Dendropsophus nanus, whose small size made it perfectly suited to our goals, and we also repeated the experiments at three ambient temperatures (15 °C, 25 °C, and 35 °C), which allowed us to evaluate the influence of this variable on the measurement error. Our results clearly demonstrate that heat transfer from the researcher's hand to a small-bodied frog causes large deviations in the measured T_b and that those changes happen at an amazingly fast pace (within seconds) and are most prominent at lower ambient temperatures. The largely preconized use of gloves during measurements indeed reduced the error in T_b measurements to a moderate extent; however, the novel Foerster method herein proposed resulted in minimal change in frog's T_b and proved to be a superior and viable alternative to improve the accuracy of T_b measurement in small-bodied ectotherms.

准确测量体温（Tb）对于了解变温生物的生理生态学至关重要。然而，在小型两栖动物中，处理过程中的热交换以及测量设备和/或方案的固有限制可能会在Tb测量中引入实质性误差。在这里，我们首先估计了在野外小型恒温生物中测量Tb通常采用的方法方法的这种误差的大小。然后，我们提出了一种新颖的，低成本的约束方法，使用改良的Foerster钳，旨在减少处理过程中的传热。因此，我们比较了赤手或戴手套约束蛙的短期变化(b)与新提出的约束方法下测量的蛙的短期变化(b)。我们使用Hylidae树蛙dendrosophus nanus进行所有测试，它的小尺寸使它非常适合我们的目标，我们还在三种环境温度（15°C， 25°C和35°C）下重复实验，这使我们能够评估该变量对测量误差的影响。我们的研究结果清楚地表明，从研究人员的手到一只小身体青蛙的热量传递会导致测量到的Tb产生很大的偏差，这些变化以惊人的速度（几秒钟内）发生，并且在较低的环境温度下最为明显。在测量过程中使用手套确实在一定程度上减少了结核测量的误差；然而，本文提出的Foerster方法使青蛙的结核变化最小，并被证明是提高小体变温动物结核测量精度的一种优越可行的替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of hibernation temperature and duration on oxidative status in the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis) 冬眠温度和持续时间对壁虎氧化状态的影响。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104416

Jelena P. Gavrić-Čampar , Marko Anđelković , Branka R. Gavrilović , Tijana B. Radovanović , Mihailo Milićević , Tamara G. Petrović , Marko D. Prokić , Svetlana G. Despotović

Global warming is expected to alter phenology in temperate ectotherms by advancing spring arousal and delaying autumn entry into hibernation. However, the physiological consequences of such shifts remain poorly understood in reptiles, particularly with respect to oxidative balance. We investigated the effects of hibernation temperature and duration on oxidative status in the common wall lizard (Podarcis muralis). Oxidative markers were measured in the liver and tail during the pre-hibernation period and after exposure to laboratory-simulated winter regimes differing in temperature (∼2.5 °C vs. 5.5 °C) and duration (three vs. four months), representing short-cold, short-mild, long-cold, and long-mild winter scenarios. Hibernation duration exerted generally inconsistent effects on antioxidant defenses, with changes detected in liver superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione, as well as in tail superoxide dismutase and glutathione. Temperature effects were modest, manifesting as upward trends in liver glutathione content and tail catalase activity, without significant interactions with hibernation duration. Cold-winter regimes were associated with increased lipid oxidative damage in the liver, although this response was not consistent across all treatments. Importantly, most oxidative parameters remained comparable to pre-hibernation values, with a significant reduction in glutathione levels observed only under short-cold conditions. Overall, the maintenance of redox homeostasis across contrasting thermal and temporal winter regimes indicates substantial physiological plasticity and resilience of P. muralis to altered thermal environments during hibernation, highlighting the capacity of reptiles to buffer oxidative challenges imposed by climate-driven changes in winter conditions.

预计全球变暖将通过提前春季觉醒和推迟秋季进入冬眠来改变温带变温动物的物候。然而，这种转变的生理后果在爬行动物中仍然知之甚少，特别是在氧化平衡方面。研究了冬眠温度和冬眠时间对普通壁虎氧化状态的影响。在冬眠前和暴露于不同温度（~ 2.5°C vs. 5.5°C）和持续时间（3个月vs. 4个月）的实验室模拟冬季环境后，研究人员测量了肝脏和尾巴中的氧化标志物，分别代表了短冷、短温和、长冷和长温和的冬季情景。冬眠时间对抗氧化防御的影响普遍不一致，肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽，以及尾部超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽的变化。温度影响不大，表现为肝脏谷胱甘肽含量和尾部过氧化氢酶活性呈上升趋势，与冬眠时间无显著相互作用。低温冬季治疗与肝脏脂质氧化损伤增加有关，尽管这种反应在所有治疗中并不一致。重要的是，大多数氧化参数保持与冬眠前的值相当，仅在短冷条件下观察到谷胱甘肽水平显著降低。总的来说，在不同的温度和时间的冬季制度下，氧化还原稳态的维持表明，在冬眠期间，壁虎对改变的热环境具有实质性的生理可塑性和恢复力，突出了爬行动物缓冲冬季气候驱动变化所带来的氧化挑战的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Using infrared thermography to understand the thermal ecology of wild bumblebees 利用红外热成像技术了解野生大黄蜂的热生态。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104423

Mei L. McFeely , Jessica R.K. Forrest , Ilona Naujokaitis-Lewis

As global warming intensifies, pollinators such as bumblebees may experience increasing exposure to temperatures near their thermal limits. Heat stress impairs foraging and survival, making it essential to understand bumblebee body temperature in natural conditions. This study tested the feasibility of using infrared (IR) thermography as a non-invasive technique to measure the thoracic temperature of wild, foraging bumblebees and to evaluate how body temperature relates to environmental variables, including ambient air and floral surface temperatures. Thermographic measurements were validated against internal thoracic temperatures recorded by thermocouples in static bees, revealing a strong correlation (r = 0.98) with an average absolute difference of <1 °C. We analysed thermal images of live Bombus individuals (n = 98) collected over five observation days in late summer. Bee body temperatures routinely exceeded both ambient and floral temperatures and approached the critical thermal maximum (CT_max) during midday foraging. A linear mixed-effects model revealed that bee temperature increased significantly with both ambient air and floral temperature, and a significant interaction term indicated that warmer floral surfaces amplified the effect of high ambient temperatures. These findings demonstrate that IR thermography can reliably measure bumblebee body temperature in-situ, bridging the gap between laboratory-derived thermal limits and field conditions. By capturing the combined effects of microclimate and physiology, this method offers new insight into pollinator heat stress at the organismal level and highlights the importance of fine-scale thermal data for assessing species’ responses to climate change.

随着全球变暖的加剧，像大黄蜂这样的传粉者可能会越来越多地暴露在接近其热极限的温度下。热应激会损害觅食和生存，因此了解大黄蜂在自然条件下的体温至关重要。本研究测试了使用红外（IR）热成像技术作为一种非侵入性技术来测量野生觅食大黄蜂的胸部温度的可行性，并评估体温与环境变量（包括环境空气和花表面温度）的关系。热成像测量与静态蜜蜂的热电偶记录的内部胸廓温度进行了验证，揭示了正午觅食时与max平均绝对差的强相关性（r = 0.98）。线性混合效应模型表明，环境空气温度和花温对蜜蜂温度的影响均显著增加，且显著的交互作用项表明，较高的花表面放大了环境温度的影响。这些发现表明，红外热像仪可以可靠地测量大黄蜂的体温，弥补了实验室得出的热极限和现场条件之间的差距。通过捕获小气候和生理的综合效应，该方法为传粉媒介在生物水平上的热应激提供了新的见解，并强调了精细尺度热数据对评估物种对气候变化的响应的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Heat hardening enhances mosquito heat tolerance in a species-specific and assay-specific manner 热硬化以种特异性和测定特异性的方式增强蚊子的耐热性

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104394

Apeksha L. Warusawithana, Belinda van Heerwaarden, Ary A. Hoffmann, Perran A. Ross

Models predict that the distribution of many mosquito species will shift with climate change, but few incorporate adaptive capacity. Acclimation is one mechanism that allows mosquitoes previously exposed to sub-lethal stress to better tolerate subsequent stress. In this study we evaluated the heat tolerance of three vector mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti, Ae. notoscriptus and Culex quinquefasciatus, after prior exposure to heat hardening. Adults from all species were heat-hardened by exposure to 41 °C for 1 h, subsequently tested for (1) heat survival and knockdown responses following 1-h heat shocks across a range of temperatures up to the lethal limit, (2) ramping CTmax assays and (3) static temperature knockdown time assays. Females from all three species were more heat tolerant than males in the 1-h heat shock assays, but effects of sex were absent or inconsistent for CTmax and heat knockdown time assays. A beneficial impact of heat hardening on subsequent heat shock knockdown was evident in both sexes of all three species. However, hardening effects differed substantially for survival 24 h later, ranging from no effect of hardening in Cx. quinquefasciatus to a ∼1 °C increase in LT₅₀ in Ae. notoscriptus. In contrast, no effects of heat hardening were detected for CTmax or static knockdown time assays. An additional experiment in Ae. aegypti detected no benefits of parental heat shock exposure on the thermal tolerance of offspring. Our findings emphasize the need to consider effects of acclimation including heat hardening in models to predict the response of mosquitoes to climate warming. They also have implications for measuring thermal tolerance more generally, as sex and hardening effects depend on the type of assay used and trait measured.

模型预测，许多蚊子种类的分布将随着气候变化而变化，但很少有适应能力。适应是一种机制，可以让以前暴露在亚致死压力下的蚊子更好地忍受随后的压力。本研究对埃及伊蚊、伊蚊、白纹伊蚊等3种媒介蚊的耐热性进行了评价。非scriptus和致倦库蚊，在事先暴露于热硬化后。所有物种的成虫在41°C下暴露1小时，进行热硬化，随后测试(1)在温度范围内的1小时热冲击下的热存活和敲除反应，直至致死极限，(2)升温CTmax测定和(3)静态温度敲除时间测定。在1小时热休克试验中，雌性比雄性更耐热，但在CTmax和热敲除时间试验中，性别的影响不存在或不一致。热硬化对随后的热冲击敲除的有利影响在所有三个物种的两性中都是明显的。然而，24小时后的硬化效果有很大不同，从Cx中没有硬化效果到Cx中没有硬化效果。致倦库蚊的LT50升高~ 1℃。notoscriptus。相比之下，CTmax或静态敲除时间试验没有检测到热硬化的影响。另一个实验在Ae。埃及伊蚊未发现亲代热休克暴露对后代的热耐受性有任何益处。我们的研究结果强调，在预测蚊子对气候变暖的反应的模型中，需要考虑包括热硬化在内的适应效应。由于性别和硬化效应取决于所使用的测定方法的类型和所测量的性状，因此它们对更普遍的热耐受性测量也有影响。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation study on the thermo-mechanical coupling damage mechanism in microwave ablation of lung tumors 微波消融肺肿瘤热-力耦合损伤机制的数值模拟研究。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104404

Yujie Fu, Qun Nan

Lung cancer is one of the most threatening malignant tumors globally, and microwave ablation (MWA) serves as a crucial minimally invasive approach for treating early-stage patients who are intolerant to surgery. However, the lung, as a typical porous medium, remains unclear in terms of the correlation mechanism between thermal stress evolution during MWA and postoperative complications such as cavities. This study aims to reveal the thermo-mechanical coupling damage mechanism during lung MWA through numerical simulation. Based on the porous medium theory and the two-phase lag heat transfer model, an electromagnetic-thermal-mechanical multiphysics coupled finite element model was constructed to simulate the complete ablation process of lung tumors using a 2450 MHz microwave antenna. The simulation results indicate the presence of two damage risk zones with distinct mechanical characteristics during MWA: the high-temperature core zone, which is dominated by thermal coagulation necrosis and phase change contraction, bears the highest equivalent stress; whereas the tissue transition zone, due to significant gradients in temperature and material properties, becomes a region where strain first increases and then decreases, accompanied by shear stress concentration, making it a high-risk area for tearing-type damage and potential cavity formation. During the cooling phase, significant redistribution and relaxation of stress occur in both the core and transition zones. The presence of residual strain and stress confirms that irreversible phase change damage is the primary mechanism responsible for the permanent volume reduction of the ablation zone. This study systematically elucidates the “dual risk zone” mechanism of thermo-mechanical coupling damage in lung MWA, reveals the importance of mechanical evolution during the cooling phase, and provides an important theoretical basis for developing precise and safe ablation strategies based on mechanical thresholds.

肺癌是全球最具威胁性的恶性肿瘤之一，微波消融（MWA）是治疗早期手术不耐受患者的重要微创方法。然而，肺作为一种典型的多孔介质，在MWA过程中热应力演变与术后空腔等并发症的相关机制尚不清楚。本研究旨在通过数值模拟揭示肺MWA过程中热-力耦合损伤机理。基于多孔介质理论和两相滞后传热模型，建立了电磁-热-机械多物理场耦合有限元模型，模拟了2450 MHz微波天线对肺肿瘤消融的全过程。模拟结果表明，MWA过程中存在两个力学特征明显的损伤危险区：高温核心区的等效应力最大，以热凝坏死和相变收缩为主；而组织过渡区，由于温度和材料性能的显著梯度，成为应变先增大后减小的区域，伴随着剪切应力的集中，成为撕裂型损伤和潜在空腔形成的高风险区域。在冷却阶段，核心区和过渡区都发生了显著的应力重分布和松弛。残余应变和应力的存在证实了不可逆相变损伤是导致烧蚀区体积永久减小的主要机制。本研究系统阐明了肺MWA热-机耦合损伤的“双危险区”机制，揭示了冷却阶段力学演化的重要性，为制定基于力学阈值的精准安全消融策略提供了重要的理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic component of sensitivity to heat stress for fertility traits of Jersey crossbred cattle 泽西杂交牛育性性状对热胁迫敏感性的遗传成分

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104376

Indrajit Gayari , Sylvia Lalhmingmawii , Lalmalsawmi Colney , Hasan Baneh , Ajoy Mandal

Heat stress (HS) attributed by climate change, is a significant challenge to livestock production globally, particularly affecting dairy cows' fertility. This not only leads to decreased reproductive performance but threatens the herd profitability. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of heat stress on non-return rate (NR56) and conception rate (CR) in Jersey × Bos indicus crossbred cows, to identify the threshold at which these traits are affected, and to estimate genetic parameters and variance components under HS conditions. The study analyzed insemination records of 1174 crossbreds over a period of 26 years, with the use of temperature-humidity index (THI) as an indicator to measure HS. Logistic regression models and Bayesian statistics were employed to identify THI breakpoints (BP) for NR56 and CR. Genetic parameters were estimated using reaction norm models and Gibbs sampling approach for evaluation of variance components. THI breakpoints were identified at 77 for NR56 and 68 for CR. The heritability of NR56 decreased as THI increased, while CR heritability exhibited a peak at higher THI levels. Genetic correlations indicated antagonistic relationships between general additive and HS-specific additive effects for both traits, with increasing additive and environmental variance as THI rose. Thus, this study highlights the genetic diversity associated with heat tolerance in crossbred cows and suggests that selecting for genetically heat-tolerant animals may mitigate HS related fertility declines. Further, these findings provide insight into breeding strategies that can be implemented to enhance reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cow in tropical climatic conditions.

由气候变化引起的热应激（HS）是全球畜牧业生产面临的重大挑战，特别是影响奶牛的生育力。这不仅导致繁殖性能下降，而且威胁到畜群的盈利能力。本研究旨在分析热应激对泽牛不回报率（NR56）和受胎率（CR）的影响，确定热应激条件下这些性状的影响阈值，并估计热应激条件下泽牛不回报率和受胎率的遗传参数和方差成分。本研究分析了1174个杂交品种26年的授精记录，采用温湿度指数（THI）作为衡量HS的指标。采用Logistic回归模型和贝叶斯统计方法确定NR56和CR的THI断点（BP），采用反应范数模型估计遗传参数，采用Gibbs抽样方法评估方差成分。NR56的THI断点为77，CR的THI断点为68，NR56的遗传力随着THI的增加而降低，而CR的遗传力在THI水平较高时达到峰值。遗传相关表明，这两个性状的一般加性效应和hs特异性加性效应之间存在拮抗关系，随着THI的升高，加性效应和环境方差均增加。因此，本研究强调了与杂交奶牛耐热性相关的遗传多样性，并表明选择基因耐热的动物可能会减轻HS相关的生育力下降。此外，这些发现为在热带气候条件下提高杂交奶牛繁殖性能的育种策略提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Critical thermal limits of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larvae 大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus thynnus）幼虫的临界温度极限。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104410

Marta Moyano , Edurne Blanco , Aurelio Ortega , Fernando De la Gándara , Laia Armengol , Myron A. Peck , Patricia Reglero

There is a growing interest in understanding the thermal tolerance of ectotherms across life stages. Identifying the stages that are most sensitive can help develop more robust projections on the consequences of climate impacts to populations, as well as help guide management and conservation efforts. Here, we estimate upper and lower thermal tolerance (as Critical Thermal maximum, CTmax, and minimum, CTmin) of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) larvae. This species is an iconic apex predator that exhibits regional endothermy during the adult stage, but thermal tolerance of larvae was unknown. CTmin and CTmax were estimated in larvae grown from wild eggs under laboratory conditions. The mean (±SE) CTmax and CTmin across all tested batches and developmental stages was 31.7 (±0.6) and 17.9 (±0.7)°C, respectively. Rate of temperature change (1.5, 3, 6, or 9 °C h⁻¹) had no effect on the thermal tolerance estimates. Similarly, CTmin and CTmax were consistent across preflexion, flexion, and postflexion larval stages. The observed high inter-individual variability in CTmin and CTmax (11-13 °C) likely reflects methodological challenges related to the extreme sensitivity of the species to handling stress and confinement. Present and future thermal safety margin (by 2060) for larvae in the Balearic Islands are 3.6 (±0.6 SE) °C and 1.8 (±0.6 SE)°C, respectively. Future research should continue exploring alternative methods for estimating thermal limits and incorporate experimental designs with multiple stressors such as exposing well- and poorly-fed larvae to heatwaves and/or different light levels.

人们对了解变温动物在整个生命阶段的耐热性越来越感兴趣。确定最敏感的阶段有助于对气候影响对人口的影响作出更可靠的预测，并有助于指导管理和保护工作。在这里，我们估计了大西洋蓝鳍金枪鱼（Thunnus thynnus）幼虫的上和下热耐受性（临界热最大值，CTmax和最小值，CTmin）。该物种是一种典型的顶端捕食者，在成虫阶段表现为区域恒温，但幼虫的耐热性尚不清楚。在实验室条件下对野生虫卵培养的幼虫进行CTmin和CTmax的测定。在所有测试批次和发育阶段，CTmax和CTmin的平均值（±SE）分别为31.7（±0.6）和17.9（±0.7）°C。温度变化率（1.5、3、6或9°C h-1）对热容估计没有影响。同样，CTmin和CTmax在屈曲前、屈曲和屈曲后幼虫阶段是一致的。观察到的CTmin和CTmax（11-13°C）的高个体间差异可能反映了与物种对处理压力和限制的极端敏感性相关的方法学挑战。巴利阿里群岛目前和未来的热安全裕度（到2060年）分别为3.6（±0.6 SE）°C和1.8（±0.6 SE）°C。未来的研究应继续探索估算热极限的替代方法，并结合多种应激源的实验设计，例如将喂养良好和喂养不良的幼虫暴露在热浪和/或不同的光照水平下。

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引用次数: 0

Reactive oxygen species mediated-photo-sono-ablation of melanoma cells using a novel nanocomposite of platinum-polypyrrole as a nanozyme 利用新型铂-聚吡咯纳米复合材料作为纳米酶，活性氧介导黑色素瘤细胞的光-声消融。

IF 2.9 2区生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY

Journal of thermal biology

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2026.104428

H. Haghighi , P. Tamaddon , P. Faghani-Eskandarkolaei , H. Heli , M. Haghani , N. Sattarahmady

Tumor eradication in non-invasive photothermal (PTT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) approaches is favorable in melanoma cancer. However, finding a sensitizer for synchronous PTT and SDT is a desirable request, especially if this sensitizer material has other benefits in tumor treatment. Here, a platinum (Pt)/polypyrrole nanocomposite (Pt@PPy NC) was introduced for synchronous synergistic PTT and SDT of melanoma cancer cells. To compare and clarify the effect of the nanocomposite components, platinum nanoparticles (NPs) and polypyrrole (PPy) NPs were also synthesized and evaluated. Pt@PPy NC consisted of near-spherical Pt NPs adhered by a network of PPy. Pt NPs, PPy NPs, and Pt@PPy NC had mean diameters of 13 ± 7, 177 ± 48, and 16.5 ± 2.5 nm, respectively. The results of cytotoxicity assessment of B16-F10 cells treated with Pt@PPy NC revealed that while it was cytocompatible, it represented enhanced photothermal and sonodynamic cytotoxicity (with a deeper cytotoxicity effect, compared to Pt NPs and PPy NPs). Cell viability assessments revealed that the cell killing ability was attained in a synergistic manner from the effects of Pt@PPy NC, 808-nm light, and ultrasound waves. Detection of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production revealed that the effect of PTT and SDT using Pt@PPy NC arose from induction of oxidative stress. Pt@PPy NC also represented catalase-mimicking activity and could be considered for combination therapy.

非侵入性光热（PTT）和声动力治疗（SDT）方法的肿瘤根除有利于黑色素瘤的治疗。然而，寻找同步PTT和SDT的增敏剂是一个理想的要求，特别是如果这种增敏剂材料在肿瘤治疗中具有其他益处。本文介绍了一种铂(Pt)/聚吡咯纳米复合材料（Pt@PPy NC），用于黑色素瘤癌细胞的同步协同PTT和SDT。为了比较和阐明纳米复合组分的效果，还合成了铂纳米粒子（NPs）和聚吡咯纳米粒子（PPy），并对其进行了评价。Pt@PPy NC由近球形Pt NPs组成，由PPy网络粘附。Pt NPs、PPy NPs和Pt@PPy NC的平均直径分别为13±7 nm、177±48 nm和16.5±2.5 nm。Pt@PPy NC处理B16-F10细胞的细胞毒性评估结果显示，虽然它是细胞相容性的，但它表现出增强的光热和声动力细胞毒性（与Pt NPs和PPy NPs相比，具有更深的细胞毒性作用）。细胞活力评估显示，细胞杀伤能力是通过Pt@PPy NC、808-nm光和超声波的协同作用获得的。细胞内活性氧（ROS）生成检测表明，Pt@PPy NC对PTT和SDT的影响是由诱导氧化应激引起的。Pt@PPy NC也具有过氧化氢酶模拟活性，可以考虑联合治疗。

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引用次数: 0