Journal of University of Babylon最新文献

{"title":"Numerical Prediction of a Radial TurbinePerformanceDesignedfor Automotive engines Turbocharger","authors":"L. H. Jawad","doi":"10.29196/JUBES.V26I4.1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUBES.V26I4.1076","url":null,"abstract":"These days the turbocharging system is assuming an essential part in enhancing car engines performance and diminishing fuel utilization and the fumes emanations, in spark-ignition and compression ignition engines. The performance of a radial turbine for the turbocharger device is heavily affected by the flow dynamics in a radial impeller. Furthermore, modification and improvement of a radial turbine impeller is a challenging task for turbomachinery engineers. Hence, this study aimed to further computational fluid dynamic analyses of a radial turbine stage performance .The design characteristics of a radial turbine stage, was used to simulate the flow by using independent packages of ANSYS CFX. The comparative study of a three dimensional flow simulation will give a more reasonable results of the turbine stage flow behavior and computational fluid dynamic simulation can give a more detailed result and reveal unexpected flow behavior like separation and vortexes.The results showed that the fluid flow dynamics within a turbine stage has indicated a noticeable performance characteristics. Obviously, it was observed that the pressure ratio and volume flow rate and efficiency were predicted numerically. Overall numerical results obtained from computational fluid dynamic simulations could produce a highly reliable for estimation on the performance a radial turbine of turbocharger.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84362939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling and Optimization of Bobbin Friction Stir Welding for AA6061-T6 alloy Utilizing Response Surface Methodology","authors":"S. Amin, Mohannad Yousif Hanna, Alhamza Farooq Mohamed","doi":"10.29196/JUB.V26I4.779","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUB.V26I4.779","url":null,"abstract":"Bobbin friction stir welding (BFSW) is special kind of friction stir welding. This investigation aims to develop empirical models through mathematical relationships between the welding process parameters and mechanical properties of Aluminum alloy AA6061-T6 welded joint created by using bobbin tool and to find the optimum welding parameters. The welding speed range (40-200 mm/min) and rotational speed range (340-930 rpm) were utilized (as the used input factors) to find their effects on elongation, tensile strength and maximum bending force as the main responses. These models were built using Design of Experiment (DOE) software „version 10‟ with Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique. The models adequacy were tested via the (ANOVA) analysis. The obtained models appeared that as the welding speed or rotational speed increases, the elongation, tensile strength and maximum bending force of the welded joint firstly rise to a maximum value and then drop. The optimum welding parameters were rotational speed (623.949 rpm) and welding speed (128.795 mm/min) with (6.33%), (204 MPa) and (6.216 KN) of elongation, tensile strength and maximum bending force, respectively. A proper harmonization was obtained between the models predicted results and the optimized ones with actual trial with 95% level of confidence.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83543917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Power by Sharing Information from Genetic Background and Treatment in Clustering of Gene Expression Time Series","authors":"S. Z. Alrashid, Muhammad Arifur Rahman, Nabeel H. Al-Aaraji, Neil D. Lawrence, P. Heath","doi":"10.29196/jub.v26i4.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i4.711","url":null,"abstract":"Clustering of gene expression time series gives insight into which genes may be co-regulated, allowing us to discern the activity of pathways in a given microarray experiment. Of particular interest is how a given group of genes varies with different conditions or genetic background. This paper develops a new clustering method that allows each cluster to be parameterised according to whether the behaviour of the genes across conditions is correlated or anti-correlated. By specifying correlation between such genes,more information is gain within the cluster about how the genes interrelate. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder that kills the motor neurons and results in death within 2 to 3 years from the symptom onset. Speed of progression for different patients are heterogeneous with significant variability. The SOD1 G93A transgenic mice from different backgrounds (129Sv and C57) showed consistent phenotypic differences for disease progression. A hierarchy of Gaussian isused processes to model condition-specific and gene-specific temporal co-variances. This study demonstrated about finding some significant gene expression profiles and clusters of associated or co-regulated gene expressions together from four groups of data (SOD1G93A and Ntg from 129Sv and C57 backgrounds). Our study shows the effectiveness of sharing information between replicates and different model conditions when modelling gene expression time series. Further gene enrichment score analysis and ontology pathway analysis of some specified clusters for a particular group may lead toward identifying features underlying the differential speed of disease progression.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83714794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of Some Hormones and Antioxidant Systems Disturbances in Older Men","authors":"Reem Al-Saadi, Dakhel Ghani Omran Al-Watify","doi":"10.29196/JUB.V26I4.780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUB.V26I4.780","url":null,"abstract":"Ageing is a physiological phenomenon that manifested itself with disturbances of many homeostatic regulating mechanisms of the body . The present study was conducted and employed to investigate two major systems( hormones and antioxidant systems) that can be implicated in progress of aging .The total number of subjects included in the present study was fifty (50) healthy men and classified according to their ages into two groups, the first group included 25 younger men (control group) and their ages ranged between 21 to 30 years old whereas the second group included 25 older men and their ages were between 61 to 70 years old. Data obtained from this study indicated a significant decrease(p<0.05) in the levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) which is associated with marked elevation (p<0.05) of triiodothyronine(T3) and tetraiodothyronine(T4) of older men when compared with younger men. In regard to levels of cortisol and testosterone hormones were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in aged men when matched with their counterparts of younger men. Concerning concentrations of malondehyde (MDA) ,a final product of lipid peroxidation, confirmed a remarkable elevation (p<0.05) in older men compared to younger men and these results were associated with significant lowering (p<0.05) in the activities of antioxidant components including glutathione peroxidase (GPX), reduced glutathione (GSH) and catalase . In addition , there are no significant correlations(p>0.05) occurring among hormones( testosterone , T3) and glutathione peroxidase and of malondehyde . From these results ,one can be concluded that with ageing there are many disturbances and fluctuations of hypothalamic-adrenal and thyroid axis that accompanied with drop of essential antioxidant components that may be lead to suppress of defense against free radicals and the present study concluded that the changes occurring in studied hormones have not relations and effects on the antioxidant systems.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79599980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of a keyword search system","authors":"Mustafa Abdalrassual Jassim","doi":"10.29196/jub.v26i3.628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i3.628","url":null,"abstract":"تعدين البيانات هي عميلة لاكتشاف انماط في مجموعة من البيانات وفقا للكلمة الرئيسية. البحث عن الكلمة الرئيسية هي الطريق الاكثر فاعلية لاكتشاف المعلومات في الوثائق. ولكن في مكان ما، في بعض الأحيان فقط البحث عن الكلمة الرئيسية ليست كافية، مع البحث في تقييد تلك الكلمة الرئيسية أصبح ضرورة. كما هو الحال في إساءة استخدام وسائل الاعلام الاجتماعية من كلمة آخذت في الازدياد. عملت العديد من الأنظمة على الكشف عن كلمة غير ملائمة فقط؛ وليس على تقييد تلك الكلمة. حتى هنا في ورقة البحث الكلمة المقترحة في طريقة وسائل الاعلام الاجتماعية التي لا يجد فقط الكلمات غير المناسبة، ولكن أيضا تقييد تلك الكلمة من النشر على وسائل الإعلام.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82561120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and Theoretical Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Two Way Slabs Strengthened by Steel Fiber Ferrocement Layers at Tension Zone","authors":"M. D. Abdullah","doi":"10.29196/jub.v26i3.658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i3.658","url":null,"abstract":"An experimental and analytical behavior of strengthened reinforced concrete two way slabs by steel fiber ferrocement layers ,this study included testing 14 simply supported two way slabs, which include 1 control slab, 13 strengthened slabs. In the strengthened slabs the effect of the ferrocement layers with; steel fiber content in the ferrocement mortar of (0.25,0.5,0.75.1.1.25%), thickness of ferrocement layers, the compressive strength for ferrocement mortar and wire mesh layers number of ferrocement was investigated. The mid span deflection at ultimate load and cracks pattern were discussed. All the reinforced concrete slab specimens were designed of the same dimensions and reinforced identically to fail in flexure. Simply supported conditions for all slabs has bean tested under central concentrated load. The experimental results show that; the ultimate loads and mid span deflection of strengthened reinforced concrete slabs were more effected by using the steel fiber on the ferrocement mortar, increasing the thickness of ferrocement and the compressive strength of ferrocement. Three-dimensional nonlinear finite element analysis has been used to conduct the analytical investigation, ANSYS (Version 16.0) computer program was used in this study. The analytical result from modeling in ANSYS program exhibited a good agreement with experimental results.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80528420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy Assessment of Open Source Digital Elevation Models","authors":"A. Hassan","doi":"10.29196/JUB.V26I3.601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUB.V26I3.601","url":null,"abstract":"Digital Elevation Model is a three-dimensional representation of the earth's surface, which is essential for Geoscience and hydrological implementations. DEM can be created utilizing Photogrammetry techniques, radar interferometry, laser scanning and land surveying. There are some world agencies provide open source digital elevation models which are freely available for all users, such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency’s (JAXA) and others. ALOS, SRTM and ASTER are satellite based DEMs which are open source products. The technologies that are used for obtaining raw data and the methods used for its processing and on the other hand the characteristics of natural land and land cover type, these and other factors are the cause of implied errors produced in the digital elevation model which can't be avoided. In this paper, ground control points observed by the differential global positioning system DGPS were used to compare the validation and performance of different satellite based digital elevation models. For validation, standard statistical tests were applied such as Mean Error (ME) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) which showed ALOS DEM had ME and RMSE are -1.262m and 1.988m, while SRTM DEM had ME of -0.782m with RMSE of 2.276m and ASTER DEM had 4.437m and 6.241m, respectively. These outcomes can be very helpful for analysts utilizing such models in different areas of work.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79630401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relatioship of Some Biochemical Variance with Hepatitis Patients","authors":"A. M. Aljebory","doi":"10.29196/jub.v26i4.700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/jub.v26i4.700","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis is a viral disease; it has a wide distribution among peoples in different countries' and it has more than five common types named; A, B, C, D and E. The serum level of total protein, albumin and ferritin was estimated in patients with chronic hepatitis B and C, in male and female aged from 19 – 50 years; at the same time same variance was measured in apparently normal healthy volunteers. A patient with other liver disease was excluded from this search. The average values for total protein, albumin, and ferritin for normal volunteers are (5.33, 4.742 and 51.458 g/ dl) respectively for male and 5.342, 4.733 and 51.667 g/ dl in the female. While its value in HBV was (3.399, 2.878 and 77.909 g/dl) for male and 3.429, 3.092 and 137.091g/dl in female respectively. While in HCV, the value for total protein, albumin and ferritin was (4.045, 3.462 and 151.182 g/dl) respectively in male and 3.838, 3.391 and 68.167 respectively in the female. Using statistical analysis, the results indicate that there is a significant value for all variances when compared with the control in both cases B and C. The p-value was highly significant its value in HBV male patients is 6.4E-19, 5.11E-17 and 1.96E-12 for total protein, albumin and ferritin respectively and 1.6E-18, 2.03E-15 and 3.65E-24 for female. While in type HCV male patients the pvalues were 8.01E-10, 1.9E-10 and 5.13E-17 for total protein, albumin and ferritin respectively, in female the values are 1.79E-16, 3.36E-12 and 1.78E-05 respectively. The results indicate also a positive correlation between all of the variance in the two types of patients.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89246259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Combustion Performance of a Diesel Engine Fueled by Synthesized Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel Blends","authors":"Duraid F. Maki","doi":"10.29196/JUB.V26I3.671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUB.V26I3.671","url":null,"abstract":"يعتبر زيت الطبخ المستعمل من مصادر تكوين البايوديزل المفيدة جدا لانها تدخل في مجال ما يعرف بـW2E حيث اننا ليس فقط نتخلص من زيوت الطبخ المستعملة و انما ننتج من النفايه وقود. في هذا البحث، تم تحضير البايوديزل من زيت الطعام المستعمل و اختبارها لتثبيت مواصفاته. من واحد لتر للزيت المستعمل حصلنا على 940 مليلتر من البايوديزل و الباقي كلسيرين و ماء. ثم تم خلط هذا البايوديزل مع الديزل بنسبه 20% من البايوديزل مع 80% من الديزل. و تشغيل محرك الديزل عنده و كما عند نسبه100% ديزل و 100 بايوديزل. حيث تم دراسه كفاءه الاحتراق من خلال الكفاءة المكبحيه و متوسط الضغط المكبحي و معدل صرف الوقود المكبحي و الكفاءهالحجميه للهواء الداخل للمحرك و العلاقه بين ضغط الاسطوانه و زاويه دوران عمود المرفق. كما ان تركيز الملوثات الكاربونيه و النتروجينيه و درجه حرارة العادم تم تحليلها. اظهرت النتائج  تطابق كبير مع البحوث الاخرى و كانت ايجابيه.","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90963985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of Infection Control Protocols Among Dental Students in Babylon Dental Faculty","authors":"K. Zaidan","doi":"10.29196/JUB.V26I4.703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29196/JUB.V26I4.703","url":null,"abstract":"Infection control and knowledge of common \"infectious diseases\" is essential for safe dental practice. Conveyance of infectious diseases is likely \"from one individual to another during dental procedures\", thorough\" blood-borne\" viruses and bacteria \"such as hepatitis\" , human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Thence in dental practice, the sterilization and particular protection is of most importance Process in dental procedures, and patient sponsor settings seek specific strategies guide to prevent the transmission of diseases among dental students , oral verdure care staffs and their patients. Aim: Current study highlight the methods and behavior to evaluate the benefits of awareness, stance and pursuit of infection control between dental students in training dental clinic at Babylon dental collage . Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional wipe using a rear ordered questionnaire was executed. The reconnaissance consisted of 38 closed-ended questions that included the key areas of infection control, including hand hygiene, personal preservation, sterilization and disinfection and ecological infection monitoring. There were also questions to elicit perceptions regarding the treatment of HBV and HIV/AIDS patients. Results: Survey study was done for dental students replied to the reconnaissance. Their situation and realization across infection control in college teaching clinic .The results were assorted between 100% were orderly using gloves and 96% mask with patient to 6% were orderly wore eye glasses. The type of sterilization of instrument was 90% autoclave and 10% oven and from analysis of data revealed most teaching clinics devoid of instruction post about control of infection control measures Conclusion: \"Improved compliance with recommended infection control procedures is required for all dentists\" and graduated dental students predestined in the existing project. Enduring instruction \"programs and short-time\" processions about \"cross-infection and infection control\" modes are convenient to progress the awareness and attitude of Dental students in infection control. Keywards : Awareness of infection, cross-sectional, dentistry, Dental Students ةصلاخلا نم ةيدعملا ضا رملأا لاقتنا حجرملا نمو .نانسلأا بط نملآ يرورض رمأ ةعئاشلا ةيدعملا ضا رملأا ةفرعمو ىودعلا ةحفاكم ةعانملا صقن سوريفو ،دبكلا باهتلاو لثم ايريتكبلا ةمماشلا \"مدلاب ةلوقنملا\" تاسوريفلاو ،نانسلأا بط تاءا رجإ ءانثأ رخآ ىلإ درف يلاتلابو .ةيرشبلا مهأ نم ةصاخ ةيامحو ميقعتلاو ،نانسلأا بط ةسرامم يف تايلاعفلا يعا رلا تادادع او ،نانسلأا بط تاءا رجإ يف .مهاضرمو مفلا قيرط نع مفلاب ةيانعلا قيرفو ،نانسلأا بط بلاط نيب ضا رملأا لاقتنا عنمل ليلد ةددحم تايجيتا رتسا ىعست ضيرملا فدهلا نم مع ءوضلا طمست ةيلاحلا ةسا ردلا بط بلاط نيب ىودعلا ةحفاكمل يعسلاو فقوملاو يعولا دئاوف مييقتل كومسلاو بيلاسلأا ى .نانسلأا جلاوكلا نوميباب يف نانسلأا ةدايع بيردت يف نانسلأا بيلاسلأاو داوملا : نم علاطتسلاا ءا رجإ مت دقو ،ةيفمخ ةيبمط ةرامتسا مادختساب حسم\" ضرعتسم حسم ءا رجإ مت 83 مش اقمغم لااؤس تم ،ةيجولوكيلإا ىودعلا ةبقا رمو ر","PeriodicalId":17505,"journal":{"name":"Journal of University of Babylon","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88340592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}