Pub Date : 2016-08-20DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000175
G. Navarro, I. García, P. Sundaram, N. Diffoot-Carlo
A mixture of agarose, MEM IX and HeLa cells (dubbed Bio-Ink) was created to allow normal cell interaction with the scaffold material (agarose) before crosslinking as an initial step in 3D printing tissue. Bio-Ink was developed successfully as an in situ-scaffolding material for engineering biological structures. Bio-Ink has been further conditioned by adjusting agarose composition and gelling time to obtain optimal HeLa cell growth. After detailed study, the time range available for printing this material, before full crosslinking occurs, was determined to be about 300 s, giving it attractive properties for 3D printing. Repeatable 10 mm thick prints were successful, although more system calibration is still needed to achieve more complex prints.
{"title":"Study of Tissue Printing Parameters for Generating Complex Tissue Constructs","authors":"G. Navarro, I. García, P. Sundaram, N. Diffoot-Carlo","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000175","url":null,"abstract":"A mixture of agarose, MEM IX and HeLa cells (dubbed Bio-Ink) was created to allow normal cell interaction with the scaffold material (agarose) before crosslinking as an initial step in 3D printing tissue. Bio-Ink was developed successfully as an in situ-scaffolding material for engineering biological structures. Bio-Ink has been further conditioned by adjusting agarose composition and gelling time to obtain optimal HeLa cell growth. After detailed study, the time range available for printing this material, before full crosslinking occurs, was determined to be about 300 s, giving it attractive properties for 3D printing. Repeatable 10 mm thick prints were successful, although more system calibration is still needed to achieve more complex prints.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72816237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-08-10DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000174
E. Bayrak, Burak Ozcan, C. Erisken
Tissues with different material and biological properties are connected to one another through interfaces, which can be generally categorized as soft-to-soft tissue interfaces (muscle-tendon, etc.), softto-hard tissue interfaces (cartilage-bone, tendon-bone, etc.) and hardto-hard tissue interfaces (dentin-enamel, etc.). Since these interfaces merge biological materials, i.e., tissues, having distinct composition, structure and function, they possess complexities associated with their hierarchical structures, and when injured their healing/regeneration pathways follow more intricate phenomena compared to single tissues making up the interfaces. Findings reveal that injuries related to tissues connected in series occur mostly at the interfaces due to the mismatch between material properties of individual tissues. Therefore, interface tissue engineering has recently attracted significant attention from academia to be able to understand the mechanism of cell-materials interactions relevant to interfaces. This paper reviews the structure, composition and function of cartilage-bone interface in conjunction with the scaffold and cell options for its regeneration.
{"title":"Cartilage-Bone Interface Features, Scaffold and Cell Options for Regeneration","authors":"E. Bayrak, Burak Ozcan, C. Erisken","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000174","url":null,"abstract":"Tissues with different material and biological properties are connected to one another through interfaces, which can be generally categorized as soft-to-soft tissue interfaces (muscle-tendon, etc.), softto-hard tissue interfaces (cartilage-bone, tendon-bone, etc.) and hardto-hard tissue interfaces (dentin-enamel, etc.). Since these interfaces merge biological materials, i.e., tissues, having distinct composition, structure and function, they possess complexities associated with their hierarchical structures, and when injured their healing/regeneration pathways follow more intricate phenomena compared to single tissues making up the interfaces. Findings reveal that injuries related to tissues connected in series occur mostly at the interfaces due to the mismatch between material properties of individual tissues. Therefore, interface tissue engineering has recently attracted significant attention from academia to be able to understand the mechanism of cell-materials interactions relevant to interfaces. This paper reviews the structure, composition and function of cartilage-bone interface in conjunction with the scaffold and cell options for its regeneration.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76882607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-31DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000173
S. Sawyer, M. Oest, B. Margulies, P. Soman
The field of tissue engineering is still seeking a viable substitute to repair and replace damaged bone using a combination of porous implants, biochemical factors, and relevant cell types. While progress in this field has been made, current engineered solutions have not been able to mimic the architectural and biological requirements needed to provide a complete solution. In this work, bone-like human osteosarcoma cells were encapsulated inside gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels of three different weight/volume (w/v) concentrations and stimulated to form mineral in order to determine the relationship between both bone formation and cellular activity with matrix stiffness. Distinct differences between cell morphology and mineral formation were found within the three types of hydrogels. Softer, less dense constructs were shown to provide a more cell friendly microenvironment that promoted dispersed mineral formation while stiffer, dense constructs provided a more structured environment for uniform bone-mineral formation. Additionally, while cells were able to function in all three types of hydrogels, cells in the softer GelMA constructs were shown to grow in large colonies within the gelatin matrix while cells in the stiffer GelMA constructs tended to aggregate and grow along the construct peripheries.
{"title":"Behavior of Encapsulated Saos-2 Cells within Gelatin Methacrylate Hydrogels","authors":"S. Sawyer, M. Oest, B. Margulies, P. Soman","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000173","url":null,"abstract":"The field of tissue engineering is still seeking a viable substitute to repair and replace damaged bone using a combination of porous implants, biochemical factors, and relevant cell types. While progress in this field has been made, current engineered solutions have not been able to mimic the architectural and biological requirements needed to provide a complete solution. In this work, bone-like human osteosarcoma cells were encapsulated inside gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogels of three different weight/volume (w/v) concentrations and stimulated to form mineral in order to determine the relationship between both bone formation and cellular activity with matrix stiffness. Distinct differences between cell morphology and mineral formation were found within the three types of hydrogels. Softer, less dense constructs were shown to provide a more cell friendly microenvironment that promoted dispersed mineral formation while stiffer, dense constructs provided a more structured environment for uniform bone-mineral formation. Additionally, while cells were able to function in all three types of hydrogels, cells in the softer GelMA constructs were shown to grow in large colonies within the gelatin matrix while cells in the stiffer GelMA constructs tended to aggregate and grow along the construct peripheries.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"76 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85291652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-07-21DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.100E131
Jun Wang, Brittany Egnot, J. Paluh
Jun Wang1*, Brittany Egnot2 and Janet Paluh3 1Multiplex Biotechnology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA 2Bioengineering program, State University of New York, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA 3Nanobiosceince, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA
王军1*，Brittany Egnot2 and Janet palu3 1美国纽约州立大学化学系癌症研究中心multiplex生物技术实验室2美国纽约州立大学奥尔巴尼分校生物工程项目3美国纽约州立大学理工学院纳米生物科学与工程学院，奥尔巴尼，美国纽约州
{"title":"Cell Competition and Cooperation in Tissue Development","authors":"Jun Wang, Brittany Egnot, J. Paluh","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.100E131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.100E131","url":null,"abstract":"Jun Wang1*, Brittany Egnot2 and Janet Paluh3 1Multiplex Biotechnology Laboratory, Cancer Research Center, Department of Chemistry, State University of New York, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA 2Bioengineering program, State University of New York, University at Albany, Albany, NY, USA 3Nanobiosceince, Colleges of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York Polytechnic Institute, Albany, NY, USA","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"89 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88200047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000171
Lúcia Helena Rocha Vilela, G. Salomé, R. D. C. Pereira, L. Ferreira
Aim: To assess pain in patients with venous leg ulcer receiving compression therapy with Unna’s boot. Methods: This was a clinical, analytical, descriptive study conducted from June 2010 to May 2011 with 50 patients with venous leg ulcers. The visual analog scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were used to assess pain at inclusion (baseline) and after 4, 8 and 12 months of treatment. Results: The mean VAS score was 6.70 (severe pain) at baseline, 5.02 (moderate pain) at 4 months, and 0 (no pain) at 8 and 12 months, with significant difference between time points. All patients described their pain on the MPQ as sensory, affective, and miscellaneous at baseline. However, after 4 months of Unna’s boot treatment, 10 (20%) patients reported sensory pain, 46 (92%) had miscellaneous pain and 44 (88%) experienced affective pain, with significant difference between time points. Conclusion: Patients with venous leg ulcers reported improvement in pain following treatment with Unna’s boot.
{"title":"Pain Assessment in Patients with Venous Leg Ulcer Treated by Compression Therapy with Unnas Boot","authors":"Lúcia Helena Rocha Vilela, G. Salomé, R. D. C. Pereira, L. Ferreira","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000171","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess pain in patients with venous leg ulcer receiving compression therapy with Unna’s boot. \u0000Methods: This was a clinical, analytical, descriptive study conducted from June 2010 to May 2011 with 50 patients with venous leg ulcers. The visual analog scale (VAS) and McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) were used to assess pain at inclusion (baseline) and after 4, 8 and 12 months of treatment. \u0000Results: The mean VAS score was 6.70 (severe pain) at baseline, 5.02 (moderate pain) at 4 months, and 0 (no pain) at 8 and 12 months, with significant difference between time points. All patients described their pain on the MPQ as sensory, affective, and miscellaneous at baseline. However, after 4 months of Unna’s boot treatment, 10 (20%) patients reported sensory pain, 46 (92%) had miscellaneous pain and 44 (88%) experienced affective pain, with significant difference between time points. \u0000Conclusion: Patients with venous leg ulcers reported improvement in pain following treatment with Unna’s boot.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81200449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000172
A. Ryabov, M. Lekishvili, Julia Yurasova, A. Pankratov
Alexey Ryabov1*, Mikhail Lekishvili2, Julia Yurasova3and Alexander Pankratov4 1Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Moscow Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute, Parkovaya Street 16-9, Shelkovo, Russia 2Tissue Bank, Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Moscow, Suzdalskaya Street 10-2-101, Moscow, Russia 3Department of Nephrology, Russian Children's Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia 4Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Sechenov, Moscow *Corresponding author: Alexey Ryabov, Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Moscow Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute, Parkovaya Street 16-9, Shelkovo, Russia, Tel: +79261558870; E-mail: riabov2003@mail.ru
Alexey Ryabov1*， Mikhail Lekishvili2, Julia yurasova3和Alexander Pankratov4 1俄罗斯谢尔科沃市Parkovaya街16-9号莫斯科地区临床科学研究所颌面外科2莫斯科中央创伤与骨科研究所组织库，莫斯科苏兹达尔斯卡亚街10-2-101俄罗斯莫斯科俄罗斯儿童临床医院肾内科4莫斯科谢切诺夫颌面外科*通讯作者:Alexey Ryabov，莫斯科地区临床科学研究研究所颌面外科，俄罗斯谢尔科沃Parkovaya街16-9号，电话:+79261558870;电子邮件:riabov2003@mail.ru
{"title":"Local Application of Bisphosphonates for Osteosynthesis: A Literature Review","authors":"A. Ryabov, M. Lekishvili, Julia Yurasova, A. Pankratov","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000172","url":null,"abstract":"Alexey Ryabov1*, Mikhail Lekishvili2, Julia Yurasova3and Alexander Pankratov4 1Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Moscow Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute, Parkovaya Street 16-9, Shelkovo, Russia 2Tissue Bank, Central Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Moscow, Suzdalskaya Street 10-2-101, Moscow, Russia 3Department of Nephrology, Russian Children's Clinical Hospital, Moscow, Russia 4Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Sechenov, Moscow *Corresponding author: Alexey Ryabov, Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Moscow Regional Scientific and Research Clinical Institute, Parkovaya Street 16-9, Shelkovo, Russia, Tel: +79261558870; E-mail: riabov2003@mail.ru","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84484417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-10DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000170
P. Larsson, C. Chamorro, M. Fossum
Congenital defects of the urinary bladder that requires surgical intervention with mechanical wounding are common situations among pediatric urology patients. In conditions with severe lack of tissue, regenerative medicine with autologous cells has become a field of interest for future cure. In both situations, normal bladder wound healing is of major importance for an uneventful healing process and for the final results. Much effort has been put into increasing our understanding in the area of urinary bladder wound healing. Several methods have been used in different studies, all representing different clinical settings to address the issue of normal healing. However, little is known about the differences between these different wound-healing models. In this review, we aimed at summarizing what is known about the process of bladder wound healing after mechanical injury. We present the most commonly used methods in this area; describe the process of healing and the current knowledge on involved signaling transduction factors.
{"title":"A Review on Bladder Wound Healing after Mechanical Injury","authors":"P. Larsson, C. Chamorro, M. Fossum","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000170","url":null,"abstract":"Congenital defects of the urinary bladder that requires surgical intervention with mechanical wounding are common situations among pediatric urology patients. In conditions with severe lack of tissue, regenerative medicine with autologous cells has become a field of interest for future cure. In both situations, normal bladder wound healing is of major importance for an uneventful healing process and for the final results. Much effort has been put into increasing our understanding in the area of urinary bladder wound healing. Several methods have been used in different studies, all representing different clinical settings to address the issue of normal healing. However, little is known about the differences between these different wound-healing models. In this review, we aimed at summarizing what is known about the process of bladder wound healing after mechanical injury. We present the most commonly used methods in this area; describe the process of healing and the current knowledge on involved signaling transduction factors.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89423590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-31DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000169
M. Sarmento, Ana R. Farinho, A. Rodrigues, J. Fonseca, J. Monteiro
Introduction: Tendinopathies are the most frequent causes of chronic shoulder pain. Long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon lesions are often associated with massive rotator cuff (RC) tears. Palliative LHB tenotomy decreases RC disease patient’s pain and disability. The aim of this work was to identify the biological changes of LHB in RC disease and assess its association with clinical manifestations. Methods: RC disease patients submitted to LHB tenotomy were evaluated using a clinical protocol in order to retrieve information regarding shoulder pain duration and intensity (visual analogue scale) and shoulder function (Constant score). LHB tendon samples from these patients were compared with cadaver controls. Tendon tissue was qualitatively studied by conventional histology and immunohistochemistry was used to access semi quantitatively the presence of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Tendon cell cultures were used to determine the gene expression of several extracellular matrix genes with and without stimulation with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, TNF, IL-10 or dexamethasone. Results: Histologically, LHB tendon from RC patients and cadaver controls had similar characteristics. RC patients had a significantly higher CGRP immunohistochemistry score as compared to controls (p=0.010) but there was no correlation with patient clinical features. On the contrary, regarding substance P no differences were found between RC patients and controls immunohistochemistry score but a correlation with shoulder pain (r=0.828, p=0.021) was identified. Through gene expression analysis we found a downregulation of the extracellular matrix genes type I collagen and thrombospondin 4, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in Manuscript Click here to download Manuscript manuscript.docx 2 patients with RC disease. However, in vitro stimulation of RC tenocytes with TGF-β rescued their ability to produce type I collagen and VEGF. Conclusion: LHB tendon from RC disease patients had neurotransmitter disturbances that could be related to shoulder pain. Moreover, we demonstrated that LHB from RC disease patients had a downregulation of extracellular matrix genes, as well as of VEGF and NGF genes. We showed that TGF-β can partially normalize the expression of these genes, suggesting that modulating TGF-β could be a therapeutic opportunity for improving tendon quality in the context of chronic tendinopathies.
简介:肌腱病变是慢性肩痛最常见的原因。肱二头肌(LHB)肌腱长头病变通常与大量肩袖(RC)撕裂有关。姑息性LHB肌腱切断术可减轻RC病患者的疼痛和残疾。这项工作的目的是确定LHB在RC疾病中的生物学变化，并评估其与临床表现的关系。方法:采用临床方案对接受LHB肌腱切开术的RC疾病患者进行评估，以获取有关肩部疼痛持续时间和强度(视觉模拟量表)和肩部功能(恒定评分)的信息。将这些患者的LHB肌腱样本与尸体对照进行比较。采用常规组织学方法对肌腱组织进行定性研究，采用免疫组织化学方法对P物质和降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的存在进行半定量分析。用肌腱细胞培养物检测在转化生长因子(TGF)-β、TNF、IL-10或地塞米松刺激和不刺激作用下几种细胞外基质基因的表达。结果:在组织学上，来自RC患者和尸体对照的LHB肌腱具有相似的特征。与对照组相比，RC患者的CGRP免疫组化评分显著升高(p=0.010)，但与患者临床特征无关。相反，在P物质方面，RC患者与对照组免疫组化评分无差异，但与肩痛相关(r=0.828, P =0.021)。通过基因表达分析，我们发现细胞外基质基因I型胶原蛋白和血小板反应蛋白4，以及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)和神经生长因子(NGF)在2例RC病患者中下调。然而，用TGF-β体外刺激RC细胞恢复了它们产生I型胶原和VEGF的能力。结论:RC病患者LHB肌腱存在神经递质紊乱，可能与肩痛有关。此外，我们证明来自RC疾病患者的LHB下调细胞外基质基因，以及VEGF和NGF基因。我们发现TGF-β可以部分正常化这些基因的表达，这表明调节TGF-β可能是改善慢性肌腱病变肌腱质量的治疗机会。
{"title":"TGF-ò rescues extracellular matrix turnover in rotator cuff pathology","authors":"M. Sarmento, Ana R. Farinho, A. Rodrigues, J. Fonseca, J. Monteiro","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000169","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Tendinopathies are the most frequent causes of chronic shoulder pain. Long head of the biceps (LHB) tendon lesions are often associated with massive rotator cuff (RC) tears. Palliative LHB tenotomy decreases RC disease patient’s pain and disability. The aim of this work was to identify the biological changes of LHB in RC disease and assess its association with clinical manifestations. Methods: RC disease patients submitted to LHB tenotomy were evaluated using a clinical protocol in order to retrieve information regarding shoulder pain duration and intensity (visual analogue scale) and shoulder function (Constant score). LHB tendon samples from these patients were compared with cadaver controls. Tendon tissue was qualitatively studied by conventional histology and immunohistochemistry was used to access semi quantitatively the presence of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Tendon cell cultures were used to determine the gene expression of several extracellular matrix genes with and without stimulation with transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, TNF, IL-10 or dexamethasone. Results: Histologically, LHB tendon from RC patients and cadaver controls had similar characteristics. RC patients had a significantly higher CGRP immunohistochemistry score as compared to controls (p=0.010) but there was no correlation with patient clinical features. On the contrary, regarding substance P no differences were found between RC patients and controls immunohistochemistry score but a correlation with shoulder pain (r=0.828, p=0.021) was identified. Through gene expression analysis we found a downregulation of the extracellular matrix genes type I collagen and thrombospondin 4, as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in Manuscript Click here to download Manuscript manuscript.docx 2 patients with RC disease. However, in vitro stimulation of RC tenocytes with TGF-β rescued their ability to produce type I collagen and VEGF. Conclusion: LHB tendon from RC disease patients had neurotransmitter disturbances that could be related to shoulder pain. Moreover, we demonstrated that LHB from RC disease patients had a downregulation of extracellular matrix genes, as well as of VEGF and NGF genes. We showed that TGF-β can partially normalize the expression of these genes, suggesting that modulating TGF-β could be a therapeutic opportunity for improving tendon quality in the context of chronic tendinopathies.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"6 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85888740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-11DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000168
F. Fares, C. L. Jensen, S. Larsen, N. Azzam, B. Fares, S. lindkær-Jensen
The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of cis-coordinated complexes of platinum (II) with the polymer of benzene-poly-carboxylic acids derived from lignin (CDBPA) (laboratory code BP-C1), an innovative anticancer compound, on the growth of several solid human cancer cell lines: bladder cancer, chondrosarcoma, colonic cancer, head and neck cancer, hepatic cancer, ovary cancer, pancreatic cancer and prostatic cancer. Furthermore, the effect of CDBPA on non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines was also tested. The effect of CDBPA on cell viability was detected by XTT assay and toxicity was detected by measuring the leakage of Lactate dehydrogenase from the cells to the media. The present study has demonstrated that CDBPA is not toxic and able to reduce cell viability substantially and significantly in various human cancer cell lines. When comparison of viability in percentage of the controls at the maximum given dose of CDBPA for each type of cancer cell line, it was found that the largest impact on the viability was on sarcoma, and then decreases via breast, prostatic, head and neck-, pancreatic, colonic cancer and finally ovarian cancer. In addition, the effect of CDBPA on non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines was similar to that found in sarcoma cells. We conclude that the effect of CDBPA on cell viability is different and may be dependent on genotype of the cancer cell type. This may indicate different mechanisms of action in the different cancer types. The results obtained from the in vitro studies are important for designing future in vivo studies using animal models and to predict the clinical outcome in human cancer.
{"title":"Using Human Cancer Cell Lines as In vitro Model for Testing the Efficacyof CDBPA; a New Anticancer Drug","authors":"F. Fares, C. L. Jensen, S. Larsen, N. Azzam, B. Fares, S. lindkær-Jensen","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000168","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to test the efficacy of cis-coordinated complexes of platinum (II) with the polymer of benzene-poly-carboxylic acids derived from lignin (CDBPA) (laboratory code BP-C1), an innovative anticancer compound, on the growth of several solid human cancer cell lines: bladder cancer, chondrosarcoma, colonic cancer, head and neck cancer, hepatic cancer, ovary cancer, pancreatic cancer and prostatic cancer. Furthermore, the effect of CDBPA on non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines was also tested. The effect of CDBPA on cell viability was detected by XTT assay and toxicity was detected by measuring the leakage of Lactate dehydrogenase from the cells to the media. The present study has demonstrated that CDBPA is not toxic and able to reduce cell viability substantially and significantly in various human cancer cell lines. When comparison of viability in percentage of the controls at the maximum given dose of CDBPA for each type of cancer cell line, it was found that the largest impact on the viability was on sarcoma, and then decreases via breast, prostatic, head and neck-, pancreatic, colonic cancer and finally ovarian cancer. In addition, the effect of CDBPA on non-Hodgkin lymphoma cell lines was similar to that found in sarcoma cells. We conclude that the effect of CDBPA on cell viability is different and may be dependent on genotype of the cancer cell type. This may indicate different mechanisms of action in the different cancer types. The results obtained from the in vitro studies are important for designing future in vivo studies using animal models and to predict the clinical outcome in human cancer.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87289479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-05-02DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000167
Anteneh Getachew, A. Berhanu, Andualem Birhane
The current increase in the utilization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in various industrial and biomedical applications is due to their biodegradability, compatibility, resorbability and piezoelectricity. In the present study, we developed a modified medium chain length PHAs (Mmcl-PHA) by sterilizing surfaces of PHAs extracted from bacterial isolate. FTIR analysis of the neat polymer confirmed the presence of functional groups corresponding to alkyl halide, alkyne, hydroxyl group, and alkane groups. Sterilization of PHA using ethylene oxide as a medium was resulted modification of minor band differences in the absorption spectrum of homopolymer of PHB (scl-PHA) in to the co polymer of P (HB-co-HV) medium chain (mcl-PHA). The variation on to carbonyl (C=O) ester groups modified without significant changes to physico-chemical properties of the polymer were noticed. Sterilization of PHA using ethylene oxide has been evident surface modification properties suited to tissue engineering application of scaffold fabrication.
{"title":"Production of Sterilized Medium Chain Length Polyhydroxyalkanoates (Smcl- Pha) as a Biofilm to Tissue Engineering Application","authors":"Anteneh Getachew, A. Berhanu, Andualem Birhane","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000167","url":null,"abstract":"The current increase in the utilization of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) in various industrial and biomedical applications is due to their biodegradability, compatibility, resorbability and piezoelectricity. In the present study, we developed a modified medium chain length PHAs (Mmcl-PHA) by sterilizing surfaces of PHAs extracted from bacterial isolate. FTIR analysis of the neat polymer confirmed the presence of functional groups corresponding to alkyl halide, alkyne, hydroxyl group, and alkane groups. Sterilization of PHA using ethylene oxide as a medium was resulted modification of minor band differences in the absorption spectrum of homopolymer of PHB (scl-PHA) in to the co polymer of P (HB-co-HV) medium chain (mcl-PHA). The variation on to carbonyl (C=O) ester groups modified without significant changes to physico-chemical properties of the polymer were noticed. Sterilization of PHA using ethylene oxide has been evident surface modification properties suited to tissue engineering application of scaffold fabrication.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":"258 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84033346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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