{"title":"Preservation of Microbial Pure Cultures and Mixed Communities","authors":"Bram Vekeman, K. Heylen","doi":"10.1007/8623_2015_51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/8623_2015_51","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76852238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-31DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.S1.019
Mohemid Maddallah Mohammed AlJebouri
T University of Arizona Biorepository is responsible for collecting, storing, tracking, processing, and distributing human tissue, blood, and other bio-specimens. The Biorepository’s mission is to provide high-quality, clinically annotated specimens to the research community at this and other institutions as well as to industry involved in biomedical research. Researchers can use the stored materials for future research studies to learn more about cancer, diabetes, and other health problems. The bank will provide a ready supply of samples, so researchers do not have to look for donors for each new study. The biorepository provides consistent collection, processing, banking and clinical correlative procedures and operates in conjunction with departments of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Pulmonology, Aging, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Biomedical Engineering, OB-GYN, Cardiology and others. Currently the bio-repository has in its possession 1.5 million patient samples obtained through Pathology. The bio-repository utilizes universal electronic consents providing annotated clinical data on each patient through an Honest Broker arrangement. All samples are linked to patient medical identifiers allowing for access to the electronic health record now and at all times in the future in a deidentified fashion. Fresh frozen paraffin blocks, blood, plasma, sera, urine and other biological fluids; as well as biopsies and other tissues/bio-samples are stored. In addition, DNA/RNA/proteins are also banked for all samples. Significantly, we have now developed methodology allowing for genomic and phenotypic sample characterization for approx. $2/patient sample. As all samples are stored according to industry best practices, in temperature-controlled, monitored, and alarmed environments (in LN2 or other freezers as appropriate) to maximize resource integrity utilizing cGTP practices whenever possible, the biorepository also serves as a source of cells and tissues for projects involving translational and regenerative medicine. To facilitate investigator interactions the biorepository utilizes Tissue Metrix2 as the central database for information on all banked bio-samples. The software has a web-based front-end with an Oracle database which permits access from web browsers across multiple platforms. It employs role based security to permit control over user access to information stored in the database. The i2b2 open source exploration tool is used as a storefront for investigator sample requests in a text based format.
{"title":"The outcome of Minibiobank under adverse conditions in Iraq","authors":"Mohemid Maddallah Mohammed AlJebouri","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.S1.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.S1.019","url":null,"abstract":"T University of Arizona Biorepository is responsible for collecting, storing, tracking, processing, and distributing human tissue, blood, and other bio-specimens. The Biorepository’s mission is to provide high-quality, clinically annotated specimens to the research community at this and other institutions as well as to industry involved in biomedical research. Researchers can use the stored materials for future research studies to learn more about cancer, diabetes, and other health problems. The bank will provide a ready supply of samples, so researchers do not have to look for donors for each new study. The biorepository provides consistent collection, processing, banking and clinical correlative procedures and operates in conjunction with departments of Surgery, Ophthalmology, Pulmonology, Aging, Neurology, Neurosurgery, Biomedical Engineering, OB-GYN, Cardiology and others. Currently the bio-repository has in its possession 1.5 million patient samples obtained through Pathology. The bio-repository utilizes universal electronic consents providing annotated clinical data on each patient through an Honest Broker arrangement. All samples are linked to patient medical identifiers allowing for access to the electronic health record now and at all times in the future in a deidentified fashion. Fresh frozen paraffin blocks, blood, plasma, sera, urine and other biological fluids; as well as biopsies and other tissues/bio-samples are stored. In addition, DNA/RNA/proteins are also banked for all samples. Significantly, we have now developed methodology allowing for genomic and phenotypic sample characterization for approx. $2/patient sample. As all samples are stored according to industry best practices, in temperature-controlled, monitored, and alarmed environments (in LN2 or other freezers as appropriate) to maximize resource integrity utilizing cGTP practices whenever possible, the biorepository also serves as a source of cells and tissues for projects involving translational and regenerative medicine. To facilitate investigator interactions the biorepository utilizes Tissue Metrix2 as the central database for information on all banked bio-samples. The software has a web-based front-end with an Oracle database which permits access from web browsers across multiple platforms. It employs role based security to permit control over user access to information stored in the database. The i2b2 open source exploration tool is used as a storefront for investigator sample requests in a text based format.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88309014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-07-31DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.S1.018
B. Kumar
C which has been the standard therapeutic regimen for cancer has the disadvantages of conforming to the “one size fits all” style. These standard drugs fail to distinguish malignant versus normal tissue, thus bringing along a range of adverse effects. Targeted treatment on the contrary show a greater selectivity for tumor cells and causes less damage to normal cells. It is to be noted that morphologically distinct tumours show variable biological characteristics and response to treatment. It is thus becoming important to identify these targets within the cancer tissue which include the tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment (ie, stromal cells, microvessels, and host’s immune cells), all of which could serve as potential treatment targets.
{"title":"Role of immunohistochemistry and biobanking in targeted cancer therapy","authors":"B. Kumar","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.S1.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.S1.018","url":null,"abstract":"C which has been the standard therapeutic regimen for cancer has the disadvantages of conforming to the “one size fits all” style. These standard drugs fail to distinguish malignant versus normal tissue, thus bringing along a range of adverse effects. Targeted treatment on the contrary show a greater selectivity for tumor cells and causes less damage to normal cells. It is to be noted that morphologically distinct tumours show variable biological characteristics and response to treatment. It is thus becoming important to identify these targets within the cancer tissue which include the tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment (ie, stromal cells, microvessels, and host’s immune cells), all of which could serve as potential treatment targets.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84958755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-25DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000151
Jed Johnson, Devan Ohst, Tyler Groehl, Sarah Hetterscheidt, Matthew Jones
This study proposes a production method capable of producing vascular grafts from fully synthetic, resorbable polymers that both meet basic minimum mechanical requirements for potential vascular grafts, and have a compliance similar to that of the intended vasculature being replaced. All of the electrospun vascular grafts in this work meet the minimum mechanical requirements for compliance, burst pressure, and suture retention strength, and could be potential candidates for off-the-shelf tissue engineered vascular grafts. Each polymer investigated in this paper has FDA approval for medical use and has been shown to be successful in various tissue engineering applications. Only recently has an electrospun small-diameter graft been fabricated with compliance and burst pressure greater than that of the human saphenous vein. We show a significant advancement in burst pressure, compliance, and suture retention strength in the novel electrospun grafts presented in this work which demonstrates the potential use of these tissue engineered vascular grafts for coronary artery bypass graft and other smalldiameter graft indications.
{"title":"Development of Novel, Bioresorbable, Small-Diameter Electrospun Vascular Grafts","authors":"Jed Johnson, Devan Ohst, Tyler Groehl, Sarah Hetterscheidt, Matthew Jones","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000151","url":null,"abstract":"This study proposes a production method capable of producing vascular grafts from fully synthetic, resorbable polymers that both meet basic minimum mechanical requirements for potential vascular grafts, and have a compliance similar to that of the intended vasculature being replaced. All of the electrospun vascular grafts in this work meet the minimum mechanical requirements for compliance, burst pressure, and suture retention strength, and could be potential candidates for off-the-shelf tissue engineered vascular grafts. Each polymer investigated in this paper has FDA approval for medical use and has been shown to be successful in various tissue engineering applications. Only recently has an electrospun small-diameter graft been fabricated with compliance and burst pressure greater than that of the human saphenous vein. We show a significant advancement in burst pressure, compliance, and suture retention strength in the novel electrospun grafts presented in this work which demonstrates the potential use of these tissue engineered vascular grafts for coronary artery bypass graft and other smalldiameter graft indications.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73808230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-03-23DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000150
Wei Long Ng, W. Yeong, M. Naing
The human skin is a complex organ consisting of multiple skin cells that work together to complement each other and provide essential functions such as skin barrier function, skin homeostasis and protection against the harmful ultraviolet radiation. Understanding the roles and paracrine signaling of different skin cells plus the influence of external stimuli on them are crucial towards the design of tissue-engineered skin constructs as these factors regulate the cellular behavior such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Hence, an in-depth understanding of the knowledge on the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions would be valuable towards the design of a tissue-engineered skin construct.
{"title":"Cellular Approaches to Tissue-Engineering of Skin: A Review","authors":"Wei Long Ng, W. Yeong, M. Naing","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000150","url":null,"abstract":"The human skin is a complex organ consisting of multiple skin cells that work together to complement each other and provide essential functions such as skin barrier function, skin homeostasis and protection against the harmful ultraviolet radiation. Understanding the roles and paracrine signaling of different skin cells plus the influence of external stimuli on them are crucial towards the design of tissue-engineered skin constructs as these factors regulate the cellular behavior such as cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Hence, an in-depth understanding of the knowledge on the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions would be valuable towards the design of a tissue-engineered skin construct.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76926631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-02-26DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000149
H. Khan, M. Szarko, P. Butler
Introduction: Perioral tissue loss commonly requires surgical reconstruction. Autologous tissue transfer result in poor functional and aesthetic outcomes and allogenous transplantation of tissue requires lifelong immunosuppression. There is a clinical need for a cell scaffold, which could be seeded with the patients own cells to create an immunogenically inert perioral tissue replacement. Decellularized human lip may provide the answer. Methodology: To the authors knowledge this was the first time human lip has been decellularized. Four existing protocols shown to be successful at removing cells from either muscle or dermis were used to decellularize human lip in an attempt to identify an optimal protocol. Results: Three of the four protocols proved to be successful at achieving decellularization of the lip, as histological investigation of these samples showed complete loss of cellular structures for the entire construct. A non-detergent based protocol using osmotic shock and enzymatic processes best preserved the extracellular matrix. It was able to maintain the micro-architecture of collagen and elastin, and retain important signaling molecules such as glycosaminoglycans. Conclusion: This decellularized scaffold developed here may be the first step towards an exciting new treatment for perioral tissue loss.
{"title":"Decellularization of Human Lip","authors":"H. Khan, M. Szarko, P. Butler","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000149","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Perioral tissue loss commonly requires surgical reconstruction. Autologous tissue transfer result in poor functional and aesthetic outcomes and allogenous transplantation of tissue requires lifelong immunosuppression. There is a clinical need for a cell scaffold, which could be seeded with the patients own cells to create an immunogenically inert perioral tissue replacement. Decellularized human lip may provide the answer. \u0000Methodology: To the authors knowledge this was the first time human lip has been decellularized. Four existing protocols shown to be successful at removing cells from either muscle or dermis were used to decellularize human lip in an attempt to identify an optimal protocol. \u0000Results: Three of the four protocols proved to be successful at achieving decellularization of the lip, as histological investigation of these samples showed complete loss of cellular structures for the entire construct. A non-detergent based protocol using osmotic shock and enzymatic processes best preserved the extracellular matrix. It was able to maintain the micro-architecture of collagen and elastin, and retain important signaling molecules such as glycosaminoglycans. \u0000Conclusion: This decellularized scaffold developed here may be the first step towards an exciting new treatment for perioral tissue loss.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84509987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000145
T. Limongi, E. Miele, V. Shalabaeva, R. Rocca, Rossana Schipani, N. Malara, F. Angelis, A. Giugni, E. Fabrizio
Scaffold design and fabrication are very important subjects for biomaterial, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research playing a unique role in tissue regeneration and repair. Among synthetic biomaterials Poly-e- Caprolactone (PCL) is very attractive bioresorbable polyester due to its high permeability, biodegradability and capacity to be blended with other biopolymers. Thanks to its ability to naturally degrade in tissues, PCL has a great potential as a new material for implantable biomedical micro devices. This work focuses on the establishment of a micro fabrication process, by integrating lithography and micromolding fabrication techniques, for the realization of 3D microstructure PCL devices. Scaffold surface exhibits a combination in the patterned length scale; cylindrical pillars of 10 μm height and 10 μm diameter are arranged in a hexagonal lattice with periodicity of 30 μm and their sidewalls are nano-sculptured, with a regular pattern of grooves leading to a spatial modulation in the z direction. In order to demonstrate that these biocompatible pillared PCL substrates are suitable for a proper cell growth, NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts were seeded on them and cells key adhesion parameters were evaluated. Scanning Electron Microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis were carried out to check cell survival, proliferation and adhesion; cells growing on the PCL substrates appeared healthy and formed a well-developed network in close contact with the micro and nano features of the pillared surface. Those 3D scaffolds could be a promising solution for a wide range of applications within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.
{"title":"Development, Characterization and Cell Cultural Response of 3D Biocompatible Micro-Patterned Poly-ε- Caprolactone Scaffolds Designed and Fabricated Integrating Lithography and Micromolding Fabrication Techniques.","authors":"T. Limongi, E. Miele, V. Shalabaeva, R. Rocca, Rossana Schipani, N. Malara, F. Angelis, A. Giugni, E. Fabrizio","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000145","url":null,"abstract":"Scaffold design and fabrication are very important subjects for biomaterial, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine research playing a unique role in tissue regeneration and repair. Among synthetic biomaterials Poly-e- Caprolactone (PCL) is very attractive bioresorbable polyester due to its high permeability, biodegradability and capacity to be blended with other biopolymers. Thanks to its ability to naturally degrade in tissues, PCL has a great potential as a new material for implantable biomedical micro devices. This work focuses on the establishment of a micro fabrication process, by integrating lithography and micromolding fabrication techniques, for the realization of 3D microstructure PCL devices. Scaffold surface exhibits a combination in the patterned length scale; cylindrical pillars of 10 μm height and 10 μm diameter are arranged in a hexagonal lattice with periodicity of 30 μm and their sidewalls are nano-sculptured, with a regular pattern of grooves leading to a spatial modulation in the z direction. In order to demonstrate that these biocompatible pillared PCL substrates are suitable for a proper cell growth, NIH/3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts were seeded on them and cells key adhesion parameters were evaluated. Scanning Electron Microscopy and immunofluorescence analysis were carried out to check cell survival, proliferation and adhesion; cells growing on the PCL substrates appeared healthy and formed a well-developed network in close contact with the micro and nano features of the pillared surface. Those 3D scaffolds could be a promising solution for a wide range of applications within tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74426479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000142
Mousam Choudhury, S. Mohanty, S. Nayak
In the present investigation, PLA porous scaffolds was fabricated using NaCl as porogen in three different solvents i.e. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), dichloromethane (DCM) and chloroform (CF) respectively, by solvent casting particulate leaching method. The morphology, structure and thermal behaviour of the PLA scaffolds for porosity measurement were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The developed porous scaffolds were further characterized for porosity measurement, solvent uptake property and water absorption capacity at different temperatures. PLA/ CF scaffold depicted higher porosity factor (93%) along with enhanced water uptake capacity (220%) as against PLA/ HFIP scaffold (75%). However PLA/ DCM scaffolds illustrated more thermal stability as compared with PLA/ HFIP and PLA/ CF scaffolds.
{"title":"Effect of Different Solvents in Solvent Casting of Porous caffolds in Biomedical and Tissue Engineering Applications","authors":"Mousam Choudhury, S. Mohanty, S. Nayak","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000142","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, PLA porous scaffolds was fabricated using NaCl as porogen in three different solvents i.e. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP), dichloromethane (DCM) and chloroform (CF) respectively, by solvent casting particulate leaching method. The morphology, structure and thermal behaviour of the PLA scaffolds for porosity measurement were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR); thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The developed porous scaffolds were further characterized for porosity measurement, solvent uptake property and water absorption capacity at different temperatures. PLA/ CF scaffold depicted higher porosity factor (93%) along with enhanced water uptake capacity (220%) as against PLA/ HFIP scaffold (75%). However PLA/ DCM scaffolds illustrated more thermal stability as compared with PLA/ HFIP and PLA/ CF scaffolds.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89736914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000148
P. Nair, N. Remya
Functional cartilage tissue engineering aims at augmenting the regeneration process of chondrocyte seeded three dimensional scaffolds by application of external biomechanical stimuli. The effect of static compressive stimuli in modulating the phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in porous scaffolds using a bioreactor is being investigated in the present study. Chondrocytes were seeded in porous Poly (vinyl) alcohol-Poly capro lactone scaffold and was subjected to static unconfined compressive strain of 10% for 1h everyday for a period of 7days using a bioreactor. After culture period, chondrogenic phenotype of seeded cells was assessed by live dead assay, biochemical histological and real time PCR analysis. Bioreactor seems to be a promising tool in delivering the desired biomechanical stimuli to the cell seeded constructs. However, application of biomechanical stimuli in the form of static compression doesn’t seem beneficial as it modulates chondrogenic phenotype by reverting to a fibroblastic morphology with the secretion of collagen type 1 extra cellular matrix molecules
{"title":"Modulation of Chondrocyte Phenotype by Bioreactor Assisted Static Compression in a 3D Polymeric Scaffold with Potential Implications to Functional Cartilage Tissue Engineering","authors":"P. Nair, N. Remya","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000148","url":null,"abstract":"Functional cartilage tissue engineering aims at augmenting the regeneration process of chondrocyte seeded three dimensional scaffolds by application of external biomechanical stimuli. The effect of static compressive stimuli in modulating the phenotype of chondrocytes cultured in porous scaffolds using a bioreactor is being investigated in the present study. Chondrocytes were seeded in porous Poly (vinyl) alcohol-Poly capro lactone scaffold and was subjected to static unconfined compressive strain of 10% for 1h everyday for a period of 7days using a bioreactor. After culture period, chondrogenic phenotype of seeded cells was assessed by live dead assay, biochemical histological and real time PCR analysis. Bioreactor seems to be a promising tool in delivering the desired biomechanical stimuli to the cell seeded constructs. However, application of biomechanical stimuli in the form of static compression doesn’t seem beneficial as it modulates chondrogenic phenotype by reverting to a fibroblastic morphology with the secretion of collagen type 1 extra cellular matrix molecules","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74227733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2157-7552.1000143
B. Milner, C. Penny, V. Gibbon, P. Kay, P. Ruff
In solid tumours, a discreet population of tumour associated cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to drive and sustain tumour development and be responsible for tumour relapse. Colorectal cancer stem cells express cellspecific surface markers, including amongst others, CD133, EpCAM, CD44, CD166, and CD94f. In the present study, we aimed to characterisecellpopulations in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines, SW1116, HT29 and DLD1, expressing both CSC markers CD133 and EpCAM. These cell lines represent early, mid and late stages of colorectal tumours, respectively. Up to 107 SW1116, HT29 and DLD1 cells, co-stained with anti-CD133 and anti-EpCAM, were evaluated using flow cytometry. We report here progressive increasing proportions of cells coexpressing the CD133/EpCAM epitopes in the respective cell lines. In the SW1116 cell line, 2.42 ± 0.20 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+, in the HT29 cell line, 5.13 ± 0.17 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+, and in the DLD1 cell line, 10.30 ± 0.2 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+. These data suggest the frequency of CD133/ EpCAM marker expression may be associated with tumour stage and aggression.
{"title":"CD133/EpCAM Cancer Stem Cell Markers of Tumour Stage in Colorectal Cancer Cells","authors":"B. Milner, C. Penny, V. Gibbon, P. Kay, P. Ruff","doi":"10.4172/2157-7552.1000143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2157-7552.1000143","url":null,"abstract":"In solid tumours, a discreet population of tumour associated cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to drive and sustain tumour development and be responsible for tumour relapse. Colorectal cancer stem cells express cellspecific surface markers, including amongst others, CD133, EpCAM, CD44, CD166, and CD94f. In the present study, we aimed to characterisecellpopulations in the human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines, SW1116, HT29 and DLD1, expressing both CSC markers CD133 and EpCAM. These cell lines represent early, mid and late stages of colorectal tumours, respectively. Up to 107 SW1116, HT29 and DLD1 cells, co-stained with anti-CD133 and anti-EpCAM, were evaluated using flow cytometry. We report here progressive increasing proportions of cells coexpressing the CD133/EpCAM epitopes in the respective cell lines. In the SW1116 cell line, 2.42 ± 0.20 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+, in the HT29 cell line, 5.13 ± 0.17 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+, and in the DLD1 cell line, 10.30 ± 0.2 percent of cells were CD133+EpCAM+. These data suggest the frequency of CD133/ EpCAM marker expression may be associated with tumour stage and aggression.","PeriodicalId":17539,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tissue Science and Engineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76556579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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