Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care最新文献_第5页

Retrospective evaluation of traumatic pneumomediastinum in dogs and cats (2005–2022): 52 cases 对猫狗创伤性气胸的回顾性评估（2005-2022 年）：52 例病例。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13384

Sigal Klainbart DVM, MVPH, DACVECC, DECVECC, Anna Shipov DVM, PHD, DECVS, Daliya Tygiel DVM, Gilad Segev DVM, DECVIM, Efrat Kelmer DVM, MS, DACVECC, DECVECC

Objective

To describe the incidence, etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and outcome of noniatrogenic traumatic pneumomediastinum (TPM) in dogs and cats.

Design

Retrospective study of cases (2005–2022).

Setting

University veterinary teaching hospital.

Animals

Fifty-two patients (29 dogs, 23 cats).

Measurements and Main Results

Data collected from the medical records included signalment, physical examination findings, animal trauma triage (ATT) score, clinicopathological data, imaging data, surgical intervention, length of hospitalization, supportive care, complications, and outcome. Most dogs presented with tachycardia and tachypnea, while cats presented with hypothermia and tachypnea. Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and dyspnea were the most common clinical signs for both species. The median calculated ATT score was 3.5 in dogs and 4 in cats. The most common radiographic abnormalities other than pneumomediastinum were pneumothorax and lung contusions. The overall mortality rate was 18%, with a significantly higher survival rate in dogs (26/28 dogs [93%], 15/22 cats (68%); P = 0.03). Outcome was unknown in 1 dog and 1 cat. The only significant difference in treatment between survivors and nonsurvivors was the requirement in dogs for positive pressure ventilation. The median hospitalization period was 2 days for both species, with a shorter hospitalization in the nonsurvivors (0.6 vs 2 days, respectively; P = 0.006).

Conclusions

TPM is an infrequent pathology in veterinary medicine and may be seen without an externally obvious injury. The most common causes for TPM in dogs were vehicular trauma and bite wounds, while high-rise syndrome was the most common cause in cats. Most of the cases have concurrent pneumothorax and require thoracocentesis; however, direct intervention to treat TPM is not usually required. The vast majority of cases did not undergo surgery to treat TPM. The prognosis for dogs with TPM was good but was guarded for cats.

目的描述猫狗非病理性创伤性气胸（TPM）的发病率、病因、临床症状、诊断、治疗和结果：病例回顾性研究（2005-2022年）：地点：大学兽医教学医院52例患者（29只狗、23只猫）：从病历中收集的数据包括信号、体格检查结果、动物创伤分诊（ATT）评分、临床病理数据、影像学数据、手术干预、住院时间、支持性护理、并发症和结果。大多数狗表现为心动过速和呼吸急促，而猫则表现为体温过低和呼吸急促。皮下气肿、气胸和呼吸困难是两种动物最常见的临床症状。犬和猫的 ATT 计算得分中位数分别为 3.5 分和 4 分。除气胸外，最常见的影像学异常是气胸和肺挫伤。总死亡率为 18%，狗的存活率明显更高（26/28 只狗 [93%]，15/22 只猫（68%）；P = 0.03）。1 只狗和 1 只猫的结果不明。存活者和非存活者在治疗上的唯一明显区别是狗需要正压通气。两种动物的中位住院时间均为 2 天，非幸存者的住院时间较短（分别为 0.6 天和 2 天；P = 0.006）：结论：TPM是兽医学中一种不常见的病理现象，可能没有明显的外部损伤。导致犬TPM的最常见原因是车辆外伤和咬伤，而导致猫TPM的最常见原因是高楼综合征。大多数病例同时伴有气胸，需要进行胸腔穿刺；但通常不需要直接干预治疗 TPM。绝大多数病例都没有接受手术治疗 TPM。患有 TPM 的狗的预后良好，但猫的预后则有待观察。

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引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of the prevalence and risk factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in cats with urethral obstruction (2009–2019): 575 cases 对尿道梗阻猫输注红细胞的患病率和相关风险因素的回顾性评估（2009-2019 年）：575例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13378

Francesca P. Solari DVM, Megan A. Mickelson DVM, DACVS, James Bilof DVM, Adesola Odunayo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jourdan B. McPhetridge DVM, Valery F. Scharf DVM, MS, DACVS, Lingnan Yuan, Jonathan P. Mochel DVM, MSc, PhD, DECVPT, Rebecca A. Walton DVM, DACVECC

<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>To evaluate the prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and factors associated with the need for transfusion in cases of feline urethral obstruction (FUO). Secondarily, to compare survival to discharge in cats receiving an RBC transfusion versus those that did not.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Retrospective, multi-institutional study from 2009 to 2019.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Setting</h3> <p>Four university teaching hospitals.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Animals</h3> <p>Six hundred twenty-two total occurrences of FUO in 575 cats.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Interventions</h3> <p>None.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3> <p>Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for pertinent information. The overall prevalence of severe anemia (PCV < 0.20 L/L [<20%]) at presentation was 1.0% (6/622). The prevalence of RBC transfusions during hospitalization was 2.1% (13/622). Cats that received an RBC transfusion weighed significantly less than those that did not (4.9 vs 5.8 kg; <i>P</i> = 0.034) and had a lower PCV at presentation (0.30 L/L [30%] vs 0.41 L/L [41%]; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Hospitalization time (240 vs 72 h) and indwelling urinary catheter time (168 vs 48 h) were significantly longer in cats receiving a transfusion compared with those that did not (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Creatinine concentrations were not significantly associated with transfusion administration, while BUN was higher in cats receiving a transfusion (15.35 mmol/L [43 mg/dL] vs. 11.78 mmol/L [33 mg/dL]; <i>P</i> = 0.043). Transfusion rates were significantly higher in cats undergoing perineal urethrostomy (5.5%) compared with those that did not undergo surgery (0.97%; <i>P</i> < 0.001). The overall survival to discharge rate was 96%. Cats not receiving an RBC transfusion were significantly more likely to survive to discharge than those that did (odds ratio: 14.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.8–37; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>FUO is rarely associated with severe anemia and the need for RBC transfusions. In this study, cats receiving an RBC transfusion were less likely to survive to discharge; therefore, requiring a blood transfusion may be associated with a worse prognosis. In addition, the need for surgical intervention was associated with a higher prevalence of RBC transfusi

目的评估猫尿道梗阻（FUO）病例中输注红细胞（RBC）的发生率以及与输血需求相关的因素。其次，比较接受输注红细胞与未接受输注红细胞的猫出院后的存活率：设计：2009年至2019年的多机构回顾性研究：四所大学教学医院：干预措施：无：测量和主要结果对病历进行回顾性审查，以获取相关信息。重度贫血的总体发病率（PCV 结论）：FUO 很少与重度贫血相关：FUO 很少与严重贫血和需要输注红细胞有关。在这项研究中，接受红细胞输注的猫咪出院后存活的可能性较低；因此，需要输血可能与预后较差有关。此外，需要手术治疗的猫咪输注红细胞的比例也较高。

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引用次数: 0

Successful treatment of bifenthrin toxicosis using therapeutic plasma exchange 使用治疗性血浆置换成功治疗联苯菊酯中毒症。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13377

Alyson H. Fitzgerald DVM, Rebecca K. Davies DVM, DACVECC, Yuntao Zhang PhD, Steve Ensley PhD, DVM, Scott Fritz DVM, DABVT

Objective

To describe a case of bifenthrin toxicosis in a dog with a successful outcome following the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and intralipid therapy.

Case Summary

An 8-month-old female neutered poodle mix dog ingested an unknown amount of powered bifenthrin, which resulted in acutely altered mentation, cranial nerve deficits, and intractable tremors that persisted in severity despite aggressive medical management to include intravenous fluids, intravenous lipid emulsion, anticonvulsant medications, and methocarbamol. TPE was initiated after lack of significant clinical improvement 12 hours after initial presentation. The dog underwent cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) following approximately 1 plasma volume equivalent exchange. The dog was successfully resuscitated and showed marked improvement 12 hours postarrest and post-TPE treatment. Serum bifenthrin concentrations were analyzed prior to TPE (445.38 ng/mL) and ∼10 hours after TPE (51.18 ng/mL), which resulted in an 89% reduction in serum bifenthrin concentration.

New Information

TPE may be a promising adjunctive therapeutic modality for bifenthrin toxicosis in dogs.

目的：描述一例联苯菊酯中毒病例：描述一例犬联苯菊酯中毒病例，该病例在使用治疗性血浆置换（TPE）和血脂治疗后获得成功。病例摘要：一只 8 个月大的雌性阉割贵宾混血犬摄入了未知剂量的联苯菊酯，导致急性精神改变、颅神经损伤和顽固性震颤，尽管采取了积极的药物治疗，包括静脉输液、静脉注射脂质乳剂、抗惊厥药物和甲氧苄啶，但严重程度依然持续存在。在初次发病 12 小时后，临床症状仍无明显改善，于是开始使用 TPE。在进行了大约 1 次等量血浆置换后，该犬发生了心肺骤停 (CPA)。该犬抢救成功，并在休克后 12 小时和 TPE 治疗后出现明显好转。对 TPE 治疗前（445.38 纳克/毫升）和 TPE 治疗后 10 小时内（51.18 纳克/毫升）的血清联苯菊酯浓度进行了分析，结果显示血清联苯菊酯浓度降低了 89%：新信息：TPE可能是治疗犬联苯菊酯中毒的一种很有前景的辅助治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of the respiratory rate–oxygenation index to predict the outcome of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in dogs (2018–2021): 81 cases 预测犬高流量鼻插管氧疗结果的呼吸速率-氧合指数回顾性评估（2018-2021 年）：81例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13373

Logan Eicher DVM, Anda A. Young DVM, MS, DACVECC, Leanna Hoover DVM, Kendon W. Kuo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jiwoong Her DVM, MS, DACVECC

Objective

To evaluate the respiratory rate–oxygenation index (ROX), modified ROX index (ROX-HR), and the ratio of pulse oximetry saturation (Spo₂) to Fio₂ (SF) to determine if these indices over time are predictive of outcome in dogs treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC).

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Two university teaching hospitals.

Animals

Eighty-one client-owned dogs treated with HFNC for hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

The ROX was defined as the SF divided by the respiratory rate (RR), and the ROX-HR was defined as the ROX divided by the heart rate multiplied by 100. The overall success rate of HFNC was 44% (n = 36/81). Dogs weaned from HFNC had a significantly higher ROX (P < 0.0001) at 1–3, 5–10, 12, and 15 hours than dogs that failed HFNC. Both the ROX and SF showed excellent discriminatory power in predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours, with an area under receiver operating curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.99; P < 0.002) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.99; P < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours were a ROX ≤3.68 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 92%) and an SF ≤143 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%).

Conclusions

These results suggest that similar to people, the ROX and SF are useful predictors of HFNC failure. These indices are easy to measure at the bedside and may have clinical use. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to optimize cutoff values in a larger population of dogs undergoing HFNC.

目的评估呼吸速率-氧合指数（ROX）、修正的ROX指数（ROX-HR）以及脉搏氧饱和度（Spo2）与Fio2（SF）的比值，以确定这些指数是否能预测接受高流量鼻插管氧疗（HFNC）的犬的预后：设计：回顾性研究：环境：两所大学教学医院：干预措施：无：测量和主要结果ROX定义为SF除以呼吸频率（RR），ROX-HR定义为ROX除以心率乘以100。HFNC 的总体成功率为 44%（n = 36/81）。从 HFNC 断奶的狗的 ROX 明显更高（P 结论：ROX-HR 的定义是 ROX 除以心率再乘以 100）：这些结果表明，与人类类似，ROX 和 SF 也是预测 HFNC 失败的有用指标。这些指数很容易在床边测量，可能具有临床用途。今后有必要进行前瞻性研究，以确认研究结果，并在更多接受 HFNC 治疗的狗中优化临界值。

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the respiratory rate–oxygenation index to predict the outcome of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in dogs (2018–2021): 81 cases","authors":"Logan Eicher DVM, Anda A. Young DVM, MS, DACVECC, Leanna Hoover DVM, Kendon W. Kuo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jiwoong Her DVM, MS, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the respiratory rate–oxygenation index (ROX), modified ROX index (ROX-HR), and the ratio of pulse oximetry saturation (Sp<span>o</span><sub>2</sub>) to Fi<span>o</span><sub>2</sub> (SF) to determine if these indices over time are predictive of outcome in dogs treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two university teaching hospitals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-one client-owned dogs treated with HFNC for hypoxemic respiratory failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ROX was defined as the SF divided by the respiratory rate (RR), and the ROX-HR was defined as the ROX divided by the heart rate multiplied by 100. The overall success rate of HFNC was 44% (<i>n</i> = 36/81). Dogs weaned from HFNC had a significantly higher ROX (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) at 1–3, 5–10, 12, and 15 hours than dogs that failed HFNC. Both the ROX and SF showed excellent discriminatory power in predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours, with an area under receiver operating curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.99; <i>P</i> < 0.002) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.99; <i>P</i> < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours were a ROX ≤3.68 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 92%) and an SF ≤143 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest that similar to people, the ROX and SF are useful predictors of HFNC failure. These indices are easy to measure at the bedside and may have clinical use. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to optimize cutoff values in a larger population of dogs undergoing HFNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"252-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Chemical pneumonitis secondary to accidental pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution infusion in a cat 一只猫因意外输注肺部聚乙二醇电解质溶液而继发化学性肺炎。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13380

Alicia Mastrocco DVM, DACVECC, Jennifer Prittie DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC, Ann Marie Zollo DVM, DACVECC

Objective

To describe the successful conservative management of chemical pneumonitis and presumed acute respiratory distress syndrome in a cat secondary to inadvertent pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS) instillation.

Case Summary

PEG-ELS is commonly used in small animals for bowel cleansing and to treat constipation. There have been several instances of aspiration or accidental instillation of this solution into the lungs of both people and dogs. PEG-ELS was inadvertently infused into the lungs of the cat in the current report. After 10 days in the ICU, during which time treatment with oxygen therapy, antibiosis, diuretics, and corticosteroids was provided, the cat was successfully discharged.

New or Unique Information Provided

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of instillation of PEG-ELS in a cat resulting in chemical pneumonitis and lung injury. We describe the successful management of this condition with conservative management and without the need for invasive interventions such as bronchoscopy and lavage or mechanical ventilation.

目的：病例摘要：聚乙二醇电解质溶液（PEG-ELS）通常用于小动物的肠道清洁和治疗便秘。这种溶液曾多次被人和狗吸入或意外灌入肺部。在本报告中，PEG-ELS 被意外注入猫的肺部。该猫在重症监护室接受了 10 天的氧疗、抗生素、利尿剂和皮质类固醇治疗后顺利出院：据作者所知，这是首次报道在猫体内灌注 PEG-ELS 导致化学性肺炎和肺损伤的病例。我们介绍了如何通过保守治疗成功控制病情，而无需进行支气管镜检查和灌洗或机械通气等侵入性干预。

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引用次数: 0

Issue Information - Prelim 发行信息 - 初稿

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13304

引用次数: 0

A proof-of-concept study evaluating cardiac compression techniques for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in laying hens (Gallus gallus) 评估用于蛋鸡心肺复苏的心脏按压技术的概念验证研究。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13369

Jessica Eisenbarth DVM, DACVECC, Charles O. Cummings DVM, Elizabeth A. Rozanski DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC, Emily Karlin DVM, DACVIM, John Rush DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC

Objective

To determine in adult chickens which of 3 CPR techniques, sternal compressions (SC), SC with interposed caudal coelomic compressions (ICCC), or lateral compressions (LC), results in the highest mean systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) as measured directly from the carotid artery.

Design

Prospective, nonblinded, experimental crossover study.

Setting

University teaching hospital laboratory.

Animals

Ten retired laying hens.

Interventions

Birds were sedated, anesthetized, and placed in dorsal recumbency. A carotid artery catheter was placed to directly measure arterial pressure. Ventricular fibrillation was induced with direct cardiac stimulation using a 9-Volt battery. Each bird then received 2 minutes of the 3 different cardiac compression techniques in a random order by 3 different compressors, with the compressor order also randomized. Birds were subsequently administered IV epinephrine, and transthoracic defibrillation was attempted. At the end of experimentation, each bird was euthanized, and simple gross necropsies were performed. Linear mixed models followed by pairwise paired t-tests were performed to evaluate differences in pressures generated by each technique.

Measurements and Main Results

The primary study outcomes were SAP, DAP, and MAP over 2 minutes of compressions for each compression technique. Pressures from ICCC (SAP: 27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg, DAP: 18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg, MAP: 21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg) were significantly higher than those from LC (SAP: 18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg, DAP: 11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg, MAP: 14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg). Pressures from SC (SAP: 24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg, DAP: 15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg, MAP: 18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg) were not significantly different from ICCC or LC.

Conclusions

External compressions can generate detectable increases in arterial pressure in chickens with ventricular fibrillation. SC with ICCC generated significantly higher arterial pressures than LC. SC alone generated blood pressures that were not significantly different from those generated by SC with ICCC or LC.

目的确定在成年鸡的 3 种心肺复苏技术中，胸骨按压 (SC)、胸骨按压加尾椎腔按压 (ICCC) 或侧向按压 (LC) 可使直接从颈动脉测量的平均收缩压 (SAP)、舒张压 (DAP) 和平均动脉压 (MAP) 达到最高值：设计：前瞻性、非盲法、实验性交叉研究：动物：10 只退役蛋鸡十只退役蛋鸡：干预措施：对鸡进行镇静、麻醉和背卧位。放置颈动脉导管以直接测量动脉压。使用 9 伏电池直接刺激心脏诱发室颤。然后，每只鸟按随机顺序接受 3 种不同的心脏按压技术治疗 2 分钟，3 种不同的按压器的顺序也是随机的。随后对鸟类进行肾上腺素静脉注射，并尝试经胸除颤。实验结束后，对每只鸟实施安乐死，并进行简单的大体尸体解剖。通过线性混合模型和配对 t 检验来评估每种技术产生的压力差异：主要研究结果为每种按压技术按压 2 分钟后的 SAP、DAP 和 MAP。ICCC 的压力（SAP：27.6 ± 5.3 mm Hg；DAP：18.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg；MAP：21.7 ± 5.2 mm Hg）明显高于 LC 的压力（SAP：18.9 ± 5.4 mm Hg；DAP：11.6 ± 4.1 mm Hg；MAP：14.1 ± 4.5 mm Hg）。SC的压力（SAP：24.5 ± 6.4 mm Hg；DAP：15.2 ± 4.3 mm Hg；MAP：18.3 ± 5.0 mm Hg）与ICCC或LC无显著差异：结论：体外按压可使心室颤动患儿的动脉压明显升高。SC与 ICCC 产生的动脉压明显高于 LC。单独体外按压产生的血压与体外按压加 ICCC 或 LC 产生的血压没有显著差异。

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引用次数: 0

Use of FreeStyle Libre for continuous glucose monitoring in adult horses 使用 FreeStyle Libre 对成年马进行连续葡萄糖监测。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13367

Rafael Françoso DVM, MsC, PhD, Raquel Y. Baccarin DVM, MsC, PhD, Renata F. de Siqueira DVM, MsC, PhD, Carla B. Belli DVM, MsC, PhD

<div> <section> <h3> Objectives</h3> <p>To evaluate the feasibility of using the FreeStyle Libre (a continuous glucose monitoring system [CGMS]) for instantaneous continuous monitoring of interstitial glucose in adult horses and examine the applicability and accuracy of this system in horses submitted to combined glucose–insulin test (CGIT).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Laboratory measurements and continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) readings were analyzed using a 2 × 2 factorial statistical model with repeated measures over time. This analysis assessed the effects of the test (factor 1), group (factor 2), and their interactions (test × group, test × time, and group × time). Pearson's correlation analysis was applied to blood glucose values. Mean comparisons were conducted using the <i>t</i>-test, and agreement between techniques was assessed via the Bland–Altman method, with a 95% confidence interval.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Setting</h3> <p>Field study on private horse farms in association with a veterinary school.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Animals</h3> <p>Ten healthy stallions were assigned to one of two groups based on their body condition scores (BCS). Group 1 (G1, <i>n</i> = 5) consisted of nonobese horses with a BCS of 5 or 6, while Group 2 (G2, <i>n</i> = 5) consisted of obese horses with a BCS of 7 or higher.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Interventions</h3> <p>A CGMS sensor was attached to the dorsolateral aspect of the proximal one third of each horse's neck. Laboratory blood glucose measurements and CGMS interstitial glucose readings were compared at different time points for up to 7 days after sensor fixation. Obese horses were also submitted to CGIT on Day 4.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3> <p>A comparative analysis of glucose measurements obtained in G1 and G2 horses using the CGMS and enzymatic methods revealed significant group × time interactions (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and time effects (<i>P</i> < 0.001). No interactions were detected between group (<i>P</i> = 0.45), test (<i>P</i> = 0.62), group and test (<i>P</i> = 0.28), or time and test (<i>P</i> = 0.92). In G1 and G2, tests were significantly correlated (<i>r</i> = 0.84 and <i>P</i> = 0.00) at all time points (T0–T5). Agreement between the glucose values obtained using different methods was excellent despite a small time delay in CGMS detection of rapid changes in blood glucose.</p> </section> <section>

目的评估使用FreeStyle Libre（一种连续葡萄糖监测系统[CGMS]）瞬时连续监测成年马血糖的可行性，并检查该系统在接受葡萄糖-胰岛素联合试验（CGIT）的马匹中的适用性和准确性：设计：采用 2 × 2 因式统计模型对实验室测量结果和连续葡萄糖监测系统（CGMS）读数进行分析，并随时间进行重复测量。该分析评估了试验（因子 1）、组别（因子 2）及其交互作用（试验×组别、试验×时间和组别×时间）的影响。血糖值采用了皮尔逊相关分析法。平均值比较采用 t 检验，技术间的一致性采用 Bland-Altman 方法评估，置信区间为 95%：动物：十匹健康种公马被分配到不同的马场：根据身体状况评分（BCS），将 10 匹健康种公马分成两组。第一组（G1，n = 5）由 BCS 为 5 或 6 的非肥胖马组成，第二组（G2，n = 5）由 BCS 为 7 或更高的肥胖马组成：在每匹马颈部近三分之一处的背外侧安装 CGMS 传感器。在传感器固定后的 7 天内，比较不同时间点的实验室血糖测量值和 CGMS 间质葡萄糖读数。肥胖马也在第 4 天接受了 CGIT：使用 CGMS 和酶法对 G1 和 G2 马匹的葡萄糖测量值进行比较分析后发现，组别 × 时间之间存在显著的交互作用（P 结论）：结论：CGMS可用于间接评估接受CGIT的非肥胖和肥胖成年马的血糖状况（即基于间质葡萄糖测量值）。

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引用次数: 0

Performance evaluation of a Test&Treat rapid detection kit for the diagnosis of septic effusions in dogs and cats 用于诊断猫狗化脓性渗出物的 Test&Treat 快速检测试剂盒的性能评估。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13372

Noël K. Vezzi DVM, Selena L. Lane DVM, DACVECC, Britt A. Thevelein DVM, DACVECC, Benjamin M. Brainard VMD, DACVAA, DACVECC

Objective

To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a veterinary point-of-care (POC) luminometer-based kit for the diagnosis of septic peritoneal or pleural effusion in dogs and cats.

Design

Prospective study performed between January 2020 and July 2021.

Setting

University teaching hospital.

Animals

Forty-eight animals with naturally occurring peritoneal or pleural effusion collected by aseptic abdominocentesis or thoracocentesis.

Procedures

Effusion samples were split into filtered (using a 10-micron filter) and unfiltered aliquots and analyzed by the POC instrument according to the manufacturer's instructions and following variable incubation periods. Samples were also plated aerobically on standard and blood agar plates. Proprietary reagents were added to samples, causing bacterial ATP to generate bioluminescence that is detected by the luminometer. Bioluminescence values (relative light units [RLUs]) were recorded and compared with the presence of bacterial growth on the culture plates. Nucleated cell counts in native and filtered effusion samples were recorded.

Results

Twenty-one samples were septic based on positive culture. RLUs were higher in septic effusions for filtered and native effusions compared with sterile effusions. The use of a filter reduced cell counts. In filtered samples incubated for 30 minutes before testing, the sensitivity and specificity of the luminometer for diagnosis of infection in cavitary effusions were 81% and 82%, respectively, using a cutoff of 12,202 RLUs.

Conclusions

The luminometer kit evaluated in this study represents a viable screening tool for diagnosis of septic cavitary effusions and could be used in conjunction with other POC diagnostics to support the rapid diagnosis of infection.

目的评估基于兽医照护点（POC）发光仪的试剂盒诊断猫狗脓毒性腹腔或胸腔积液的灵敏度和特异性：2020年1月至2021年7月期间进行的前瞻性研究：动物无菌腹腔穿刺术或胸腔穿刺术收集的48只自然腹腔或胸腔积液动物：根据制造商的说明和不同的培养期，将流出物样本分成过滤样本（使用 10 微米过滤器）和未过滤样本，并使用 POC 仪器进行分析。此外，还在标准琼脂平板和血琼脂平板上对样本进行有氧培养。在样品中加入专有试剂，使细菌 ATP 产生生物荧光，由发光仪检测。记录生物发光值（相对光单位 [RLUs]），并与培养板上是否有细菌生长进行比较。记录原生和过滤流出物样本中的有核细胞计数：根据阳性培养结果，21 份样本为败血症样本。与无菌流出物相比，化脓性流出物中过滤流出物和原生流出物的 RLU 值更高。使用过滤器降低了细胞计数。在检测前培养 30 分钟的过滤样本中，以 12,202 RLUs 为临界值，发光计诊断腔积液感染的灵敏度和特异度分别为 81% 和 82%：结论：本研究评估的发光仪试剂盒是诊断脓腔积液的可行筛查工具，可与其他 POC 诊断方法结合使用，支持感染的快速诊断。

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引用次数: 0

Recurrent episodes of oral mite anaphylaxis in a dog 一只狗反复发作口腔螨过敏性休克。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13371

Michelle K. Beehler DVM, Meagan R. Painter DVM, DACVD, Courtney M. Peck DVM, DACVECC

Objective

To describe the clinical presentation and response to management of a dog with presumed oral mite anaphylaxis.

Case Summary

A 2-year-old male intact Golden Retriever was evaluated for a history of recurrent anaphylactic episodes. Over a period of 19 months, the dog had a total of 8 anaphylactic episodes that occurred in 2 different residences within the same state. The episodes most commonly resulted in vomiting and labored breathing, but the dog developed ascites, hypotension, and gall bladder wall edema during the most severe episodes. Serological testing demonstrated high immunoglobulin E levels to storage mites (SMs), specifically Tyrophagus SM. The dog's kibble was transitioned to being stored in small quantities in airtight containers in the freezer. At the time of publication, the dog has not had an anaphylactic reaction since making this change 1 year ago.

New or Unique Information Provided

Based on a literature search and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that SMs have been associated with severe recurrent anaphylaxis in a dog.

目的：描述一只患有假定性口腔螨过敏性休克的犬的临床表现和治疗反应：病例摘要：对一只两岁大的雄性完整金毛寻回犬进行了评估，该犬有反复过敏性发作的病史。在 19 个月的时间里，该犬在同一州的两个不同住所共发生了 8 次过敏反应。发作时最常见的症状是呕吐和呼吸困难，但在最严重的一次发作中，该犬出现了腹水、低血压和胆囊壁水肿。血清学检测显示，该犬对贮存螨（SM），特别是酪螨SM的免疫球蛋白E水平很高。该犬的狗粮转为少量存放在冷冻室的密闭容器中。截至本报告发表时，自 1 年前做出这一改变以来，该犬未出现过敏反应：根据文献检索，就作者所知，这是 SM 首次与狗的严重复发性过敏性休克有关。

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引用次数: 0