Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care最新文献_第6页

Retrospective evaluation of the utility of shock index to determine the presence of congestive heart failure in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (2019–2021): 98 cases 回顾性评估休克指数对确定患有肌瘤性二尖瓣疾病的犬是否存在充血性心力衰竭的实用性（2019-2021）：98例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13379

Hannah Matson BVetMed, Efa A. Llewellyn BVetMed, DACVECC, DECVECC

Objectives

To calculate the shock index (SI) in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and to evaluate its use to predict the presence of congestive heart failure (CHF).

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Small animal university veterinary teaching hospital.

Animals

Ninety-eight dogs with MMVD and 20 healthy dogs as part of a control group.

Interventions

Heart rate (HR) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were recorded, and SI was calculated by dividing HR by SBP for each dog.

Measurements and Main Results

The mean (SD) HR, SBP, and SI were 123/min (32.6), 147 mm Hg (21.5), and 0.86 (0.3), respectively, for dogs with MMVD and 98/min (20.9), 145 mm Hg (18.7), and 0.68 (0.13), respectively, for control dogs. Dogs with MMVD had a significantly higher HR compared with control dogs (P < 0.01), and an elevation in HR was seen as the severity of MMVD increased. Dogs in stage B2 and C/D MMVD had a significantly higher SI value compared with control dogs (P = 0.04 and P < 0.01, respectively). SI was significantly higher in dogs in stage C/D MMVD compared with dogs in stage B2 MMVD (P < 0.01). Ten of 98 (10%) dogs had an arrhythmia. HR, SBP, and SI were not significantly different between dogs with and without arrhythmias (P = 0.13, P = 0.57, and P = 0.07, respectively), but significantly more dogs with CHF had an arrhythmia (P = 0.01). SI (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.98) and HR (AUC: 0.95) were excellent indicators for the presence of CHF. An optimal SI cutoff value ≥1.1 had 92% sensitivity and 95% specificity for predicting the presence of CHF, and an optimal HR cutoff value of ≥157/min had 92% sensitivity and 93% specificity for the prediction of CHF.

Conclusions

When there are compatible clinical signs, SI values ≥1.1 may suggest the presence of CHF in dogs with MMVD.

目的：计算肌瘤性二尖瓣病犬的休克指数（SI），并评估其在预测充血性心力衰竭（CHF）中的应用：计算患有肌瘤性二尖瓣疾病（MMVD）的犬的休克指数（SI），并评估其在预测充血性心力衰竭（CHF）中的应用：设计：回顾性研究：动物：98 只患有 MMVD 的狗：98只患有MMVD的狗和20只作为对照组的健康狗：记录心率（HR）和收缩压（SBP），用每只狗的心率除以收缩压计算SI：患有 MMVD 的狗的平均（标清）心率、收缩压和 SI 分别为 123/min (32.6)、147 mm Hg (21.5) 和 0.86 (0.3)；对照组狗的平均（标清）心率、收缩压和 SI 分别为 98/min (20.9)、145 mm Hg (18.7) 和 0.68 (0.13)。与对照组犬相比，患有 MMVD 的犬的心率明显更高（P 结论：MMVD 患者的心率明显高于对照组犬：当临床症状相符时，SI 值≥1.1 可能提示 MMVD 患犬存在 CHF。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of coagulation and fibrinolysis in Irish Wolfhounds and age-matched control dogs using tissue plasminogen activator-augmented viscoelastic testing 使用组织凝血酶原激活剂增强粘弹性测试，比较爱尔兰猎狼犬和年龄匹配的对照犬的凝血和纤维蛋白溶解情况。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13385

Samantha Davis DVM, Daniel J. Fletcher PhD, DVM, DACVECC, Ashley Newman DVM, Marjory B. Brooks DVM, DACVIM

<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>To determine if Irish Wolfhounds (IWs), like other sighthounds, are hyperfibrinolytic compared with nonsighthound dogs using 2 native and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-enhanced viscoelastic assays, one that is whole blood-based (viscoelastic coagulation monitor [VCM]) and the other that is plasma-based thromboelastography (TEG).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Cohort study.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Setting</h3> <p>University teaching hospital.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Animals</h3> <p>A convenience sample of 27 IWs recruited from the Irish Wolfhound Association of New England Specialty and the local community, and 27 healthy, age-matched, large-breed control dogs.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Interventions</h3> <p>None.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3> <p>Blood samples including CBC, biochemistry, traditional coagulation, and viscoelastic testing were collected from IWs and control dogs. Twelve IWs had viscoelastic testing. IWs had lower fibrinogen concentrations (215.5 ± 57.8 vs 251.4 ± 64.5 mg/dL, <i>P</i> = 0.034) and formed weaker clots on both whole-blood VCM and plasma TEG assays (maximum clot firmness [VCM-MCF] = 39.4 [25.1–48.8] vs 48.5 [34.6–57.3], <i>P </i>= 0.0042; maximum amplitude [TEG-MA] = 22.7 [14.7–33.6] vs 32.2 [26.9–42.0], <i>P</i> < 0.0001). IWs were hyperfibrinolytic compared with control dogs on VCM whole-blood assays, with 25 U/mL tPA (lysis at 30 min [VCM-LI30] = 68.1 [0–100] vs 99.9 [63.3–100], <i>P</i> = 0.0009; lysis at 45 min [VCM-LI45] = 31.0 [0–100] vs 98.1 [38.4–100], <i>P</i> = 0.0002) but hypofibrinolytic compared with controls on TEG plasma assays with 50 U/mL tPA (lysis at 30 min [TEG-LY30] = 45.7 [4.6–94.6] vs 93.7 [12.3–96.5], <i>P</i> = 0.0004; lysis at 60 min [TEG-LY60] = 68.7 [29.7–96.8] vs 95.7 [34.4–97.6], <i>P</i> = 0.0003). Minimal fibrinolysis was measured on whole-blood VCM or plasma TEG assays without the addition of tPA, and there were no differences between the 2 groups.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Weaker clots were found in IWs than control dogs. With the addition of tPA, IWs had evidence of hyperfibrinolysis on whole-blood VCM assays and hypofibrinolysis on plasma TEG assays compared with control dogs. Without the addition of tPA, however, both groups of dogs showed minimal fibrinolysis on viscoelastic testing.</p>

目的：使用两种原生和组织纤溶酶原激活剂（tPA）增强型粘弹性检测方法（一种是基于全血的粘弹性凝血监测仪（VCM），另一种是基于血浆的血栓弹性成像（TEG）），确定爱尔兰猎狼犬（IWs）是否与其他八哥犬一样，具有高纤维蛋白溶解性：设计：队列研究：动物干预措施：无：测量和主要结果从爱尔兰猎狼犬和对照组犬只身上采集血液样本，包括全血细胞计数、生物化学、传统凝血和粘弹性测试。12 只 IW 接受了粘弹性测试。IWs 的纤维蛋白原浓度较低（215.5 ± 57.8 vs 251.4 ± 64.5 mg/dL，P = 0.034），在全血 VCM 和血浆 TEG 检测中形成的凝块较弱（最大凝块坚固度 [VCM-MCF] = 39.4 [25.1-48.8] vs 48.5 [34.6-57.3]，P = 0.0042；最大振幅[TEG-MA] = 22.7 [14.7-33.6] vs 32.2 [26.9-42.0]，P 结论）：与对照组犬相比，IW犬体内发现的血凝块更弱。与对照组犬相比，在添加了 tPA 后，IW 在全血 VCM 检测中显示出高纤维蛋白溶解，而在血浆 TEG 检测中显示出低纤维蛋白溶解。然而，在不添加 tPA 的情况下，两组狗在粘弹性测试中的纤溶程度都很低。

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引用次数: 0

Point-of-care viscoelastic coagulation monitor parameters in Amazon parrots (Amazona spp.) 亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazona spp.）

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13386

Amanda Burke DVM, Miryam Reems DVM, DACVECC, Maria Spriggs DVM, PhD

Objective

To evaluate the feasibility of the point-of-care viscoelastic coagulation monitor (VCM) in Amazon parrots (Amazona spp.) and describe the parameters with fresh whole-blood samples in healthy Amazon parrots.

Design

A total of 18 Amazon parrots were enrolled. Physical examinations, a CBC, and a biochemistry profile, including bile acids, were performed on all parrots. VCM tracings were obtained at the time of venipuncture for baseline laboratory work.

Measurements and Main Results

The median clot time was 2102 seconds (range: 38.6–3599 s), median clot formation time was 929 seconds (range: 21.4–1711 s), median alpha angle was 20 (range: 6–67), and the median maximum clot formation was 8.5 (range: 0–36). The median lysis index at 30 minutes (LI30) was 100 (range: 98–100), and the median lysis index at 45 minutes (LI45) was 100 (range: 90–100). Of 18 samples, alpha angles were not reported in 7 samples, LI30 was not reported in 10 samples, and LI45 was not reported in 12 samples. Of the qualitative curves, 6 reflected normal mammalian curves, and the remainder were consistent with a hypocoaguable state.

Conclusions

The results were markedly variable, with the majority of VCM tracings being hypocoagulable in comparison with reference intervals established for dogs and cats. Using these protocols, the VCM is not reliable in Amazon parrots. Future areas of investigation include altering the temperature during sample analysis, the use of activators, or an exchange of clotting reagents for an extrinsic pathway activator, which may contribute to the success of this device in avian species.

目的：评估亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazonapp：评估亚马逊鹦鹉（Amazona spp.）护理点粘弹性凝血监测仪（VCM）的可行性，并描述健康亚马逊鹦鹉新鲜全血样本的参数：设计：共招募了 18 只亚马逊鹦鹉。设计：共招募了 18 只亚马逊鹦鹉，对所有鹦鹉进行了体格检查、全血细胞计数和生化分析（包括胆汁酸）。在静脉穿刺时采集 VCM 曲线，用于基线实验室工作：凝血时间中位数为 2102 秒（范围：38.6-3599 秒），凝血形成时间中位数为 929 秒（范围：21.4-1711 秒），α角中位数为 20（范围：6-67），凝血形成最大值中位数为 8.5（范围：0-36）。30 分钟裂解指数（LI30）的中位数为 100（范围：98-100），45 分钟裂解指数（LI45）的中位数为 100（范围：90-100）。在 18 个样本中，7 个样本未报告α角，10 个样本未报告 LI30，12 个样本未报告 LI45。在定性曲线中，有 6 个反映了哺乳动物的正常曲线，其余的则符合低凝状态：结论：结果差异明显，与为狗和猫建立的参考区间相比，大多数 VCM 曲线都处于低凝状态。使用这些方案，亚马逊鹦鹉的 VCM 并不可靠。未来的研究领域包括在样本分析过程中改变温度、使用激活剂或将凝血试剂换成外在途径激活剂，这可能有助于该设备在鸟类中取得成功。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on snake-bite-associated wounds in dogs 高压氧疗法对狗被蛇咬伤相关伤口的影响。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13383

Shelly Olin DVM, DACVIM, Julie Schildt DVM, DACVECC, Michael Lane DVM, DACVIM, Adesola Odunayo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Cary Springer MS, Dana Call RVT, VTS (ECC), CHT-V, Selene Jones DACVD, DVM, Dennis Geiser DVM, CHT-V, DABVP, Daryl Millis DVM, DACVS, CCRP, Marti Drum DVM, PhD, CCRP, CERP

Objective

To assess the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on Crotalinae envenomation-induced wound swelling and severity and pain in dogs, and to describe the safety and complications of HBOT.

Design

Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded study (2017–2021).

Setting

University teaching hospital, private veterinary practice.

Animals

Thirty-six client-owned dogs presenting within 24 hours of a confirmed or suspected naturally occurring Crotalinae snake bite injury were enrolled between 2017 and 2021.

Interventions

In addition to the standard of care treatment, dogs received 2 interventions with either HBOT (n = 19) or control (n = 16) within 24 hours of hospital admission. Dogs receiving HBOT were pressurized over 15 minutes (1 psi/min), maintained at a target pressure of 2 atmosphere absolute (ATA) for 30 minutes, and decompressed over 15 minutes. Control dogs received 1 ATA for 1 hour. Local wound swelling, wound severity score, and pain score were assessed at admission, before and after each intervention, and at hospital discharge.

Measurements and Main Results

There was no significant difference in wound swelling (P = 0.414), severity score (P = 1.000), or pain score (P = 0.689) between HBOT and control groups. Pain decreased significantly over time regardless of the study intervention (P < 0.001). There were no major adverse effects associated with either study intervention.

Conclusions

HBOT did not significantly alter the short-term recovery from Crotalinae envenomation in this study population. However, the study might be underpowered to detect a significant treatment effect.

目的评估高压氧疗法（HBOT）对犬螫伤引起的伤口肿胀、严重程度和疼痛的影响，并描述高压氧疗法的安全性和并发症：前瞻性、随机对照、盲法研究（2017-2021年）：大学教学医院、私人兽医诊所：在2017年至2021年期间，36只客户饲养的狗在24小时内出现确诊或疑似自然发生的克罗塔林科蛇咬伤.干预措施：除标准护理治疗外，犬只还在入院后 24 小时内接受了 HBOT（n = 19）或对照组（n = 16）的 2 次干预。接受 HBOT 治疗的狗在 15 分钟内加压（1 psi/min），在 2 个绝对大气压 (ATA) 的目标压力下维持 30 分钟，然后在 15 分钟内减压。对照组狗接受 1 ATA 加压 1 小时。在入院时、每次干预前后和出院时对局部伤口肿胀、伤口严重程度评分和疼痛评分进行评估：HBOT 组和对照组在伤口肿胀（P = 0.414）、伤口严重程度评分（P = 1.000）或疼痛评分（P = 0.689）方面无明显差异。随着时间的推移，疼痛明显减轻，而与研究干预无关（P 结论：HBOT 并未明显改变伤口的短期疗效：在这项研究的人群中，HBOT 并未明显改变 Crotalinae 中毒后的短期恢复情况。不过，这项研究的力量可能不足以检测出明显的治疗效果。

{"title":"The effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on snake-bite-associated wounds in dogs","authors":"Shelly Olin DVM, DACVIM, Julie Schildt DVM, DACVECC, Michael Lane DVM, DACVIM, Adesola Odunayo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Cary Springer MS, Dana Call RVT, VTS (ECC), CHT-V, Selene Jones DACVD, DVM, Dennis Geiser DVM, CHT-V, DABVP, Daryl Millis DVM, DACVS, CCRP, Marti Drum DVM, PhD, CCRP, CERP","doi":"10.1111/vec.13383","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13383","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To assess the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on <i>Crotalinae</i> envenomation-induced wound swelling and severity and pain in dogs, and to describe the safety and complications of HBOT.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospective, randomized, controlled, blinded study (2017–2021).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University teaching hospital, private veterinary practice.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-six client-owned dogs presenting within 24 hours of a confirmed or suspected naturally occurring <i>Crotalinae</i> snake bite injury were enrolled between 2017 and 2021.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In addition to the standard of care treatment, dogs received 2 interventions with either HBOT (<i>n</i> = 19) or control (<i>n</i> = 16) within 24 hours of hospital admission. Dogs receiving HBOT were pressurized over 15 minutes (1 psi/min), maintained at a target pressure of 2 atmosphere absolute (ATA) for 30 minutes, and decompressed over 15 minutes. Control dogs received 1 ATA for 1 hour. Local wound swelling, wound severity score, and pain score were assessed at admission, before and after each intervention, and at hospital discharge.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There was no significant difference in wound swelling (<i>P </i>= 0.414), severity score (<i>P </i>= 1.000), or pain score (<i>P </i>= 0.689) between HBOT and control groups. Pain decreased significantly over time regardless of the study intervention (<i>P </i>< 0.001). There were no major adverse effects associated with either study intervention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>HBOT did not significantly alter the short-term recovery from <i>Crotalinae</i> envenomation in this study population. However, the study might be underpowered to detect a significant treatment effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"211-221"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/vec.13383","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140961050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

2024 RECOVER CPR Guidelines 2024 RECOVER CPR 指南。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13382

Jamie M. Burkitt-Creedon DVM, DACVECC, Manuel Boller Dr med vet, MTR, DACVECC, Daniel J. Fletcher PhD, DVM, DACVECC

引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of traumatic pneumomediastinum in dogs and cats (2005–2022): 52 cases 对猫狗创伤性气胸的回顾性评估（2005-2022 年）：52 例病例。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13384

Sigal Klainbart DVM, MVPH, DACVECC, DECVECC, Anna Shipov DVM, PHD, DECVS, Daliya Tygiel DVM, Gilad Segev DVM, DECVIM, Efrat Kelmer DVM, MS, DACVECC, DECVECC

Objective

To describe the incidence, etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and outcome of noniatrogenic traumatic pneumomediastinum (TPM) in dogs and cats.

Design

Retrospective study of cases (2005–2022).

Setting

University veterinary teaching hospital.

Animals

Fifty-two patients (29 dogs, 23 cats).

Measurements and Main Results

Data collected from the medical records included signalment, physical examination findings, animal trauma triage (ATT) score, clinicopathological data, imaging data, surgical intervention, length of hospitalization, supportive care, complications, and outcome. Most dogs presented with tachycardia and tachypnea, while cats presented with hypothermia and tachypnea. Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and dyspnea were the most common clinical signs for both species. The median calculated ATT score was 3.5 in dogs and 4 in cats. The most common radiographic abnormalities other than pneumomediastinum were pneumothorax and lung contusions. The overall mortality rate was 18%, with a significantly higher survival rate in dogs (26/28 dogs [93%], 15/22 cats (68%); P = 0.03). Outcome was unknown in 1 dog and 1 cat. The only significant difference in treatment between survivors and nonsurvivors was the requirement in dogs for positive pressure ventilation. The median hospitalization period was 2 days for both species, with a shorter hospitalization in the nonsurvivors (0.6 vs 2 days, respectively; P = 0.006).

Conclusions

TPM is an infrequent pathology in veterinary medicine and may be seen without an externally obvious injury. The most common causes for TPM in dogs were vehicular trauma and bite wounds, while high-rise syndrome was the most common cause in cats. Most of the cases have concurrent pneumothorax and require thoracocentesis; however, direct intervention to treat TPM is not usually required. The vast majority of cases did not undergo surgery to treat TPM. The prognosis for dogs with TPM was good but was guarded for cats.

目的描述猫狗非病理性创伤性气胸（TPM）的发病率、病因、临床症状、诊断、治疗和结果：病例回顾性研究（2005-2022年）：地点：大学兽医教学医院52例患者（29只狗、23只猫）：从病历中收集的数据包括信号、体格检查结果、动物创伤分诊（ATT）评分、临床病理数据、影像学数据、手术干预、住院时间、支持性护理、并发症和结果。大多数狗表现为心动过速和呼吸急促，而猫则表现为体温过低和呼吸急促。皮下气肿、气胸和呼吸困难是两种动物最常见的临床症状。犬和猫的 ATT 计算得分中位数分别为 3.5 分和 4 分。除气胸外，最常见的影像学异常是气胸和肺挫伤。总死亡率为 18%，狗的存活率明显更高（26/28 只狗 [93%]，15/22 只猫（68%）；P = 0.03）。1 只狗和 1 只猫的结果不明。存活者和非存活者在治疗上的唯一明显区别是狗需要正压通气。两种动物的中位住院时间均为 2 天，非幸存者的住院时间较短（分别为 0.6 天和 2 天；P = 0.006）：结论：TPM是兽医学中一种不常见的病理现象，可能没有明显的外部损伤。导致犬TPM的最常见原因是车辆外伤和咬伤，而导致猫TPM的最常见原因是高楼综合征。大多数病例同时伴有气胸，需要进行胸腔穿刺；但通常不需要直接干预治疗 TPM。绝大多数病例都没有接受手术治疗 TPM。患有 TPM 的狗的预后良好，但猫的预后则有待观察。

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of traumatic pneumomediastinum in dogs and cats (2005–2022): 52 cases","authors":"Sigal Klainbart DVM, MVPH, DACVECC, DECVECC, Anna Shipov DVM, PHD, DECVS, Daliya Tygiel DVM, Gilad Segev DVM, DECVIM, Efrat Kelmer DVM, MS, DACVECC, DECVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13384","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To describe the incidence, etiology, clinical signs, diagnostics, treatments, and outcome of noniatrogenic traumatic pneumomediastinum (TPM) in dogs and cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study of cases (2005–2022).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University veterinary teaching hospital.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-two patients (29 dogs, 23 cats).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data collected from the medical records included signalment, physical examination findings, animal trauma triage (ATT) score, clinicopathological data, imaging data, surgical intervention, length of hospitalization, supportive care, complications, and outcome. Most dogs presented with tachycardia and tachypnea, while cats presented with hypothermia and tachypnea. Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and dyspnea were the most common clinical signs for both species. The median calculated ATT score was 3.5 in dogs and 4 in cats. The most common radiographic abnormalities other than pneumomediastinum were pneumothorax and lung contusions. The overall mortality rate was 18%, with a significantly higher survival rate in dogs (26/28 dogs [93%], 15/22 cats (68%); <i>P</i> = 0.03). Outcome was unknown in 1 dog and 1 cat. The only significant difference in treatment between survivors and nonsurvivors was the requirement in dogs for positive pressure ventilation. The median hospitalization period was 2 days for both species, with a shorter hospitalization in the nonsurvivors (0.6 vs 2 days, respectively; <i>P</i> = 0.006).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TPM is an infrequent pathology in veterinary medicine and may be seen without an externally obvious injury. The most common causes for TPM in dogs were vehicular trauma and bite wounds, while high-rise syndrome was the most common cause in cats. Most of the cases have concurrent pneumothorax and require thoracocentesis; however, direct intervention to treat TPM is not usually required. The vast majority of cases did not undergo surgery to treat TPM. The prognosis for dogs with TPM was good but was guarded for cats.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"268-276"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of the prevalence and risk factors associated with red blood cell transfusions in cats with urethral obstruction (2009–2019): 575 cases 对尿道梗阻猫输注红细胞的患病率和相关风险因素的回顾性评估（2009-2019 年）：575例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13378

Francesca P. Solari DVM, Megan A. Mickelson DVM, DACVS, James Bilof DVM, Adesola Odunayo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jourdan B. McPhetridge DVM, Valery F. Scharf DVM, MS, DACVS, Lingnan Yuan, Jonathan P. Mochel DVM, MSc, PhD, DECVPT, Rebecca A. Walton DVM, DACVECC

<div> <section> <h3> Objective</h3> <p>To evaluate the prevalence of red blood cell (RBC) transfusions and factors associated with the need for transfusion in cases of feline urethral obstruction (FUO). Secondarily, to compare survival to discharge in cats receiving an RBC transfusion versus those that did not.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Design</h3> <p>Retrospective, multi-institutional study from 2009 to 2019.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Setting</h3> <p>Four university teaching hospitals.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Animals</h3> <p>Six hundred twenty-two total occurrences of FUO in 575 cats.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Interventions</h3> <p>None.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3> <p>Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for pertinent information. The overall prevalence of severe anemia (PCV < 0.20 L/L [<20%]) at presentation was 1.0% (6/622). The prevalence of RBC transfusions during hospitalization was 2.1% (13/622). Cats that received an RBC transfusion weighed significantly less than those that did not (4.9 vs 5.8 kg; <i>P</i> = 0.034) and had a lower PCV at presentation (0.30 L/L [30%] vs 0.41 L/L [41%]; <i>P</i> < 0.001). Hospitalization time (240 vs 72 h) and indwelling urinary catheter time (168 vs 48 h) were significantly longer in cats receiving a transfusion compared with those that did not (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Creatinine concentrations were not significantly associated with transfusion administration, while BUN was higher in cats receiving a transfusion (15.35 mmol/L [43 mg/dL] vs. 11.78 mmol/L [33 mg/dL]; <i>P</i> = 0.043). Transfusion rates were significantly higher in cats undergoing perineal urethrostomy (5.5%) compared with those that did not undergo surgery (0.97%; <i>P</i> < 0.001). The overall survival to discharge rate was 96%. Cats not receiving an RBC transfusion were significantly more likely to survive to discharge than those that did (odds ratio: 14.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.8–37; <i>P</i> < 0.001).</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>FUO is rarely associated with severe anemia and the need for RBC transfusions. In this study, cats receiving an RBC transfusion were less likely to survive to discharge; therefore, requiring a blood transfusion may be associated with a worse prognosis. In addition, the need for surgical intervention was associated with a higher prevalence of RBC transfusi

目的评估猫尿道梗阻（FUO）病例中输注红细胞（RBC）的发生率以及与输血需求相关的因素。其次，比较接受输注红细胞与未接受输注红细胞的猫出院后的存活率：设计：2009年至2019年的多机构回顾性研究：四所大学教学医院：干预措施：无：测量和主要结果对病历进行回顾性审查，以获取相关信息。重度贫血的总体发病率（PCV 结论）：FUO 很少与重度贫血相关：FUO 很少与严重贫血和需要输注红细胞有关。在这项研究中，接受红细胞输注的猫咪出院后存活的可能性较低；因此，需要输血可能与预后较差有关。此外，需要手术治疗的猫咪输注红细胞的比例也较高。

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引用次数: 0

Retrospective evaluation of the respiratory rate–oxygenation index to predict the outcome of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in dogs (2018–2021): 81 cases 预测犬高流量鼻插管氧疗结果的呼吸速率-氧合指数回顾性评估（2018-2021 年）：81例

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13373

Logan Eicher DVM, Anda A. Young DVM, MS, DACVECC, Leanna Hoover DVM, Kendon W. Kuo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jiwoong Her DVM, MS, DACVECC

Objective

To evaluate the respiratory rate–oxygenation index (ROX), modified ROX index (ROX-HR), and the ratio of pulse oximetry saturation (Spo₂) to Fio₂ (SF) to determine if these indices over time are predictive of outcome in dogs treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC).

Design

Retrospective study.

Setting

Two university teaching hospitals.

Animals

Eighty-one client-owned dogs treated with HFNC for hypoxemic respiratory failure.

Interventions

None.

Measurements and Main Results

The ROX was defined as the SF divided by the respiratory rate (RR), and the ROX-HR was defined as the ROX divided by the heart rate multiplied by 100. The overall success rate of HFNC was 44% (n = 36/81). Dogs weaned from HFNC had a significantly higher ROX (P < 0.0001) at 1–3, 5–10, 12, and 15 hours than dogs that failed HFNC. Both the ROX and SF showed excellent discriminatory power in predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours, with an area under receiver operating curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.99; P < 0.002) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.99; P < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours were a ROX ≤3.68 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 92%) and an SF ≤143 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%).

Conclusions

These results suggest that similar to people, the ROX and SF are useful predictors of HFNC failure. These indices are easy to measure at the bedside and may have clinical use. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to optimize cutoff values in a larger population of dogs undergoing HFNC.

目的评估呼吸速率-氧合指数（ROX）、修正的ROX指数（ROX-HR）以及脉搏氧饱和度（Spo2）与Fio2（SF）的比值，以确定这些指数是否能预测接受高流量鼻插管氧疗（HFNC）的犬的预后：设计：回顾性研究：环境：两所大学教学医院：干预措施：无：测量和主要结果ROX定义为SF除以呼吸频率（RR），ROX-HR定义为ROX除以心率乘以100。HFNC 的总体成功率为 44%（n = 36/81）。从 HFNC 断奶的狗的 ROX 明显更高（P 结论：ROX-HR 的定义是 ROX 除以心率再乘以 100）：这些结果表明，与人类类似，ROX 和 SF 也是预测 HFNC 失败的有用指标。这些指数很容易在床边测量，可能具有临床用途。今后有必要进行前瞻性研究，以确认研究结果，并在更多接受 HFNC 治疗的狗中优化临界值。

{"title":"Retrospective evaluation of the respiratory rate–oxygenation index to predict the outcome of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in dogs (2018–2021): 81 cases","authors":"Logan Eicher DVM, Anda A. Young DVM, MS, DACVECC, Leanna Hoover DVM, Kendon W. Kuo DVM, MS, DACVECC, Jiwoong Her DVM, MS, DACVECC","doi":"10.1111/vec.13373","DOIUrl":"10.1111/vec.13373","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the respiratory rate–oxygenation index (ROX), modified ROX index (ROX-HR), and the ratio of pulse oximetry saturation (Sp<span>o</span><sub>2</sub>) to Fi<span>o</span><sub>2</sub> (SF) to determine if these indices over time are predictive of outcome in dogs treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Design</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Retrospective study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Setting</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two university teaching hospitals.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Animals</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eighty-one client-owned dogs treated with HFNC for hypoxemic respiratory failure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interventions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>None.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Measurements and Main Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The ROX was defined as the SF divided by the respiratory rate (RR), and the ROX-HR was defined as the ROX divided by the heart rate multiplied by 100. The overall success rate of HFNC was 44% (<i>n</i> = 36/81). Dogs weaned from HFNC had a significantly higher ROX (<i>P</i> < 0.0001) at 1–3, 5–10, 12, and 15 hours than dogs that failed HFNC. Both the ROX and SF showed excellent discriminatory power in predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours, with an area under receiver operating curve of 0.85 (95% confidence interval: 0.72–0.99; <i>P</i> < 0.002) and 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.73–0.99; <i>P</i> < 0.001), respectively. The optimal cutoff values for predicting HFNC failure at 6 hours were a ROX ≤3.68 (sensitivity 72%, specificity 92%) and an SF ≤143 (sensitivity 79%, specificity 93%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These results suggest that similar to people, the ROX and SF are useful predictors of HFNC failure. These indices are easy to measure at the bedside and may have clinical use. Future prospective studies are warranted to confirm the findings and to optimize cutoff values in a larger population of dogs undergoing HFNC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":17603,"journal":{"name":"Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care","volume":"34 3","pages":"252-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Successful treatment of bifenthrin toxicosis using therapeutic plasma exchange 使用治疗性血浆置换成功治疗联苯菊酯中毒症。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-06 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13377

Alyson H. Fitzgerald DVM, Rebecca K. Davies DVM, DACVECC, Yuntao Zhang PhD, Steve Ensley PhD, DVM, Scott Fritz DVM, DABVT

Objective

To describe a case of bifenthrin toxicosis in a dog with a successful outcome following the use of therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and intralipid therapy.

Case Summary

An 8-month-old female neutered poodle mix dog ingested an unknown amount of powered bifenthrin, which resulted in acutely altered mentation, cranial nerve deficits, and intractable tremors that persisted in severity despite aggressive medical management to include intravenous fluids, intravenous lipid emulsion, anticonvulsant medications, and methocarbamol. TPE was initiated after lack of significant clinical improvement 12 hours after initial presentation. The dog underwent cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) following approximately 1 plasma volume equivalent exchange. The dog was successfully resuscitated and showed marked improvement 12 hours postarrest and post-TPE treatment. Serum bifenthrin concentrations were analyzed prior to TPE (445.38 ng/mL) and ∼10 hours after TPE (51.18 ng/mL), which resulted in an 89% reduction in serum bifenthrin concentration.

New Information

TPE may be a promising adjunctive therapeutic modality for bifenthrin toxicosis in dogs.

目的：描述一例联苯菊酯中毒病例：描述一例犬联苯菊酯中毒病例，该病例在使用治疗性血浆置换（TPE）和血脂治疗后获得成功。病例摘要：一只 8 个月大的雌性阉割贵宾混血犬摄入了未知剂量的联苯菊酯，导致急性精神改变、颅神经损伤和顽固性震颤，尽管采取了积极的药物治疗，包括静脉输液、静脉注射脂质乳剂、抗惊厥药物和甲氧苄啶，但严重程度依然持续存在。在初次发病 12 小时后，临床症状仍无明显改善，于是开始使用 TPE。在进行了大约 1 次等量血浆置换后，该犬发生了心肺骤停 (CPA)。该犬抢救成功，并在休克后 12 小时和 TPE 治疗后出现明显好转。对 TPE 治疗前（445.38 纳克/毫升）和 TPE 治疗后 10 小时内（51.18 纳克/毫升）的血清联苯菊酯浓度进行了分析，结果显示血清联苯菊酯浓度降低了 89%：新信息：TPE可能是治疗犬联苯菊酯中毒的一种很有前景的辅助治疗方法。

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引用次数: 0

Chemical pneumonitis secondary to accidental pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution infusion in a cat 一只猫因意外输注肺部聚乙二醇电解质溶液而继发化学性肺炎。

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care

Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1111/vec.13380

Alicia Mastrocco DVM, DACVECC, Jennifer Prittie DVM, DACVIM, DACVECC, Ann Marie Zollo DVM, DACVECC

Objective

To describe the successful conservative management of chemical pneumonitis and presumed acute respiratory distress syndrome in a cat secondary to inadvertent pulmonary polyethylene glycol–electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS) instillation.

Case Summary

PEG-ELS is commonly used in small animals for bowel cleansing and to treat constipation. There have been several instances of aspiration or accidental instillation of this solution into the lungs of both people and dogs. PEG-ELS was inadvertently infused into the lungs of the cat in the current report. After 10 days in the ICU, during which time treatment with oxygen therapy, antibiosis, diuretics, and corticosteroids was provided, the cat was successfully discharged.

New or Unique Information Provided

To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of instillation of PEG-ELS in a cat resulting in chemical pneumonitis and lung injury. We describe the successful management of this condition with conservative management and without the need for invasive interventions such as bronchoscopy and lavage or mechanical ventilation.

目的：病例摘要：聚乙二醇电解质溶液（PEG-ELS）通常用于小动物的肠道清洁和治疗便秘。这种溶液曾多次被人和狗吸入或意外灌入肺部。在本报告中，PEG-ELS 被意外注入猫的肺部。该猫在重症监护室接受了 10 天的氧疗、抗生素、利尿剂和皮质类固醇治疗后顺利出院：据作者所知，这是首次报道在猫体内灌注 PEG-ELS 导致化学性肺炎和肺损伤的病例。我们介绍了如何通过保守治疗成功控制病情，而无需进行支气管镜检查和灌洗或机械通气等侵入性干预。

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引用次数: 0