Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1399
Rahmatul Qodriah, S. Kumala, Syamsudin Syamsudin, N. D. Yuliana, Vyacheslav Dushenkov, Carrista Carrista
Diabetes and obesity are risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Fig (Ficus carica L.) one of the plants is well known in traditional medicine system for their medicinal and therapeutic potentials. Fig leaves contain flavonoid and triterpenoid compounds which have antimetabolic effect. Streptozotocin is used to make diabetogenic rats to produce hyperglycemia conditions in test animals and high-fat diet to make rats model obesity. This study aimed to test the antidiabetic and antiobesity effect of 70% ethanol extract of fig leaves based on the parameters of measuring blood glucose levels with glucometer and Cholesterol strips. In thisstudy, rats were divided into 6 groups, namely normal, negative, positive control, and 3 control groups at 70%ethanol extract dose level (250, 500, and 600 mg/kgBW) per oral. The measurement results in normal, negative, and positive control dose of 250, 500, 600 mg/kgBW at blood glucose levels were 105.8, 192, 134.2, 161, 157.75, 145.2 mg/dL. The conclusion of the results obtained was that 70% ethanol extract of fig leaves with a dose of 600 mg/kgBW can have an antidiabetic and obesity effect by lowering blood glucose levels as measured using glucometer, cholesterol strips and decreased body weight rats.
{"title":"Antimetabolic Syndrome Effect of 70% Ethanol Leaves Extract Ficus carica Linn. in Streptozotocin-Induced and High-Fat Diet Rats","authors":"Rahmatul Qodriah, S. Kumala, Syamsudin Syamsudin, N. D. Yuliana, Vyacheslav Dushenkov, Carrista Carrista","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1399","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes and obesity are risk factors for metabolic syndrome. Fig (Ficus carica L.) one of the plants is well known in traditional medicine system for their medicinal and therapeutic potentials. Fig leaves contain flavonoid and triterpenoid compounds which have antimetabolic effect. Streptozotocin is used to make diabetogenic rats to produce hyperglycemia conditions in test animals and high-fat diet to make rats model obesity. This study aimed to test the antidiabetic and antiobesity effect of 70% ethanol extract of fig leaves based on the parameters of measuring blood glucose levels with glucometer and Cholesterol strips. In thisstudy, rats were divided into 6 groups, namely normal, negative, positive control, and 3 control groups at 70%ethanol extract dose level (250, 500, and 600 mg/kgBW) per oral. The measurement results in normal, negative, and positive control dose of 250, 500, 600 mg/kgBW at blood glucose levels were 105.8, 192, 134.2, 161, 157.75, 145.2 mg/dL. The conclusion of the results obtained was that 70% ethanol extract of fig leaves with a dose of 600 mg/kgBW can have an antidiabetic and obesity effect by lowering blood glucose levels as measured using glucometer, cholesterol strips and decreased body weight rats.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74582699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-11DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1395
Intan Permata Sari, Y. Noviani, Ridwan Rachmadi, E. Mumpuni
A nutraceutical is a functional food containing natural components that have the potential for health, especially from medicinal plants. The purple rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), one of many therapeutic plants that have been effectively transformed into herbal products, is one such example. High quantities of anthocyanin are found in bioactive substances found in rosela flowers. This study aims to formulate and determine the antioxidant activity of purple rosela flower in combination with red ginger and cinnamon bark. Following the liking test, which includes the organoleptic test, and the calculation of shelf life with the Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) method, the brewed tea formulation was kept to determine the total content of phenolate. Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) method. This study obtained an average result of 0,38±0,05% for the total phenol content of the three formulas. Formula I, II, and III showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 21.59 g/mL, 27.13 g/mL, and 20.05 g/mL, respectively. Organoleptic observations that have been observed for 20 days at three different temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 37°C) in the three formulas indicate no change in color, aroma, or taste, indicating the product remains stable. Based on the score results, the most preferred by panelists was Formula I, with its composition of purple, rose and red ginger.
{"title":"Formulation and Antioxidant Activity of Purple Rosella Flower (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Combination as Nutraseutical","authors":"Intan Permata Sari, Y. Noviani, Ridwan Rachmadi, E. Mumpuni","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1395","url":null,"abstract":"A nutraceutical is a functional food containing natural components that have the potential for health, especially from medicinal plants. The purple rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), one of many therapeutic plants that have been effectively transformed into herbal products, is one such example. High quantities of anthocyanin are found in bioactive substances found in rosela flowers. This study aims to formulate and determine the antioxidant activity of purple rosela flower in combination with red ginger and cinnamon bark. Following the liking test, which includes the organoleptic test, and the calculation of shelf life with the Accelerated Shelf-Life Testing (ASLT) method, the brewed tea formulation was kept to determine the total content of phenolate. Antioxidant activity was measured by the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhidrazyl) method. This study obtained an average result of 0,38±0,05% for the total phenol content of the three formulas. Formula I, II, and III showed antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 21.59 g/mL, 27.13 g/mL, and 20.05 g/mL, respectively. Organoleptic observations that have been observed for 20 days at three different temperatures (4°C, 25°C, and 37°C) in the three formulas indicate no change in color, aroma, or taste, indicating the product remains stable. Based on the score results, the most preferred by panelists was Formula I, with its composition of purple, rose and red ginger.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78681686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The COVID-19 pandemic condition has encouraged healthcare practitioners to adapt and constantly work to meet the needs of those who require healthcare, including medication supply. This study aims to provide the drug use patterns prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the drug use patterns of 10 fast-moving drugs obtained through purposive sampling, as well as all medications listed in COVID-19 guideline therapy at Persahabatan general hospital. The drug use data was derived from the quarterly data from 2019 through the second quarter of 2021. The result showed that there was an increase and variation in the sampled drug usage. The top-ranking classes that have shown an upward trend during the COVID-19 pandemic were Vitamin C 500 mg tablet, Vitamin C 200 mg injection, and Vitamin D3 5000 UI tablet. Meanwhile, non-COVID-19 medicines with reduced use include Cefotaxime 1 g, Cefixime 200 mg, and Docetaxel 20 mg. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the drug utilization continuously and as frequently as feasible throughout the pandemic and plan in stages. Forecasting demand for medicines is essential for an effective medicinessupply chain, in particular in a pandemic context to avoid shortages or overstock.
{"title":"Drug Use Patterns during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Case Study at Persahabatan General Hospital","authors":"Fitri Nurhayati, Dendhi Bagus Andriyanto, Fadhila Putri, Rara Merinda Puspitasari","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1396","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic condition has encouraged healthcare practitioners to adapt and constantly work to meet the needs of those who require healthcare, including medication supply. This study aims to provide the drug use patterns prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. This retrospective descriptive study analyzed the drug use patterns of 10 fast-moving drugs obtained through purposive sampling, as well as all medications listed in COVID-19 guideline therapy at Persahabatan general hospital. The drug use data was derived from the quarterly data from 2019 through the second quarter of 2021. The result showed that there was an increase and variation in the sampled drug usage. The top-ranking classes that have shown an upward trend during the COVID-19 pandemic were Vitamin C 500 mg tablet, Vitamin C 200 mg injection, and Vitamin D3 5000 UI tablet. Meanwhile, non-COVID-19 medicines with reduced use include Cefotaxime 1 g, Cefixime 200 mg, and Docetaxel 20 mg. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the drug utilization continuously and as frequently as feasible throughout the pandemic and plan in stages. Forecasting demand for medicines is essential for an effective medicinessupply chain, in particular in a pandemic context to avoid shortages or overstock.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90617992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1400
Diah Kartika Pratami, Nur Elistiani Eksadita, M. Sahlan, Abdul Mun’im, Asep Bayu, Kaysa Faradis Mahira
Propolis is a widely used medicine that may be found in both its pure form and when combined with othernatural ingredients in over-the-counter preparations, cosmetics, and health foods. Some customers develop alcohol sensitivity after using ethanol, which is a common solvent to extract propolis. As propolis solvents, various Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDES) were examined in this study. Choline chloride, propylene glycol, glycerol, citric acid, and 1,2-propanediol were combined in molar ratios to create some of the NaDES that were employed. Propolis and solvents were used in a kinetic maceration ratio for the extraction process. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to measure the total phenolic content (TPC), and the DPPH assay was used to measure antioxidant activity. In ethanol and NaDES solvents, the TPC of propolis extract ranged from 136.52 ± 27.9 to 365.8 ± 20.54 mgGAE/g. The values for antioxidant activity were 45.94 to 183.76 ppm. The propolis extract with the lowest IC50 and the highest TPC content was choline chloride-glycerol (CCG). It was discovered that the optimum NaDES solvent for extracting propolis was CCG-based. NaDES may be a potential solvent for use in Indonesian propolis, both as an extraction medium and as a formulation element.
{"title":"Comparison of Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Indonesian Propolis Extracted with Various Solvents.","authors":"Diah Kartika Pratami, Nur Elistiani Eksadita, M. Sahlan, Abdul Mun’im, Asep Bayu, Kaysa Faradis Mahira","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1400","url":null,"abstract":"Propolis is a widely used medicine that may be found in both its pure form and when combined with othernatural ingredients in over-the-counter preparations, cosmetics, and health foods. Some customers develop alcohol sensitivity after using ethanol, which is a common solvent to extract propolis. As propolis solvents, various Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NaDES) were examined in this study. Choline chloride, propylene glycol, glycerol, citric acid, and 1,2-propanediol were combined in molar ratios to create some of the NaDES that were employed. Propolis and solvents were used in a kinetic maceration ratio for the extraction process. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to measure the total phenolic content (TPC), and the DPPH assay was used to measure antioxidant activity. In ethanol and NaDES solvents, the TPC of propolis extract ranged from 136.52 ± 27.9 to 365.8 ± 20.54 mgGAE/g. The values for antioxidant activity were 45.94 to 183.76 ppm. The propolis extract with the lowest IC50 and the highest TPC content was choline chloride-glycerol (CCG). It was discovered that the optimum NaDES solvent for extracting propolis was CCG-based. NaDES may be a potential solvent for use in Indonesian propolis, both as an extraction medium and as a formulation element.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79145211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-03DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1391
Dimas Setiyono, Deden Mulya Prayoga, Herlan Budi Kusuma, Dina Febrina
Acne is a skin disease that usually occurs near adulthood. Acne is caused by several bacteria namely Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus aureus. The alternative acne treatment uses cayenne pepper leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.). The research aimed to find out the best formulation and activity of the ethanol extract gel of cayenne pepper leaves combined with the ethanol extract of soursop leaves as an inhibitor for acne-causing bacteria. This research is an experimental research type with 3 formulation designs, each of which was made with concentrations of ethanol extract from cayenne pepper leaves and ethanol extract from soursop leaves, namely F1 (1% and 1%), F2 (3% and 3%), and F3 (5 % and 5%), then tested the physical properties, antibacterial test and physical stability test of the preparation then analyzed the data with one-way ANOVA p-value <0.05. The results showed that the gel preparations were stable in terms of organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity, while there was a change in pH after the physical stability test using the cycling test method. The F2 gel preparation had the best bacterial inhibition, namely Staphylococcus aureus of 10.83 mm. Then the F3 gel preparation best inhibited Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria by 9.56 mm and Propionibacterium acnes by 10.4 mm.
{"title":"Evaluation Anti-Acne Gel Combination of Ethanol Extract of Cayenne Pepper Leaves and Ethanol Extract of Soursop Leaf","authors":"Dimas Setiyono, Deden Mulya Prayoga, Herlan Budi Kusuma, Dina Febrina","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1391","url":null,"abstract":"Acne is a skin disease that usually occurs near adulthood. Acne is caused by several bacteria namely Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, and Staphylococcus aureus. The alternative acne treatment uses cayenne pepper leaves (Capsicum frutescens L.) and soursop leaves (Annona muricata L.). The research aimed to find out the best formulation and activity of the ethanol extract gel of cayenne pepper leaves combined with the ethanol extract of soursop leaves as an inhibitor for acne-causing bacteria. This research is an experimental research type with 3 formulation designs, each of which was made with concentrations of ethanol extract from cayenne pepper leaves and ethanol extract from soursop leaves, namely F1 (1% and 1%), F2 (3% and 3%), and F3 (5 % and 5%), then tested the physical properties, antibacterial test and physical stability test of the preparation then analyzed the data with one-way ANOVA p-value <0.05. The results showed that the gel preparations were stable in terms of organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesion, and viscosity, while there was a change in pH after the physical stability test using the cycling test method. The F2 gel preparation had the best bacterial inhibition, namely Staphylococcus aureus of 10.83 mm. Then the F3 gel preparation best inhibited Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria by 9.56 mm and Propionibacterium acnes by 10.4 mm.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80176092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.103-110
Mardiyanto, E. F. Apriani, Pandu Kalingga Jati
Background: Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) leaves are proven to contain high concentrations of flavonoid compounds as antioxidants. Flavonoids are unstable compounds due to environmental influences such as light, humidity, pH, and oxygen. The stability of pegagan extract was proven to be improved by making the extract into nanoparticle preparations. Objective: This study aims to formulate nanoparticles of pegagan into gel preparations and determine their release ability with the Franz diffusion test using a cellophane membrane compared to pegagan gel not formulated into nanoparticles. Methods: Nanoparticles were made using poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid polymers and then formulated into gels with various concentrations of Carbopol 934, namely 1, 1.5 and 2%. The gel nanoparticles were then subjected to the characterization of the preparation, stability test and release test of the preparation. Results: A concentration of 1% Carbopol 934 provides the best evaluation of gel preparations where the gel produced was homogeneous, pH was around 6.2, viscosity was 3417.12 cPs, spreadability was 5.1 cm, and adhesion was 209.33 seconds. The stability test showed no significant organoleptic and pH changes (p>0.05). The release kinetics model occurs at zero order. F1 has a higher reaction kinetics constant (k) than the other formulations, so drug release occurs faster. Conclusion: The best formula of pegagan (F1) nanoparticle gel was proven to have good physical stability and release ability.
{"title":"In Vitro Release Ability of Nanoparticles Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic-Acid (PLGA) Gel Containing Pegagan Leaves Ethanolic Extract (Centella asiatica L.)","authors":"Mardiyanto, E. F. Apriani, Pandu Kalingga Jati","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.103-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.103-110","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pegagan (Centella asiatica L.) leaves are proven to contain high concentrations of flavonoid compounds as antioxidants. Flavonoids are unstable compounds due to environmental influences such as light, humidity, pH, and oxygen. The stability of pegagan extract was proven to be improved by making the extract into nanoparticle preparations. Objective: This study aims to formulate nanoparticles of pegagan into gel preparations and determine their release ability with the Franz diffusion test using a cellophane membrane compared to pegagan gel not formulated into nanoparticles. Methods: Nanoparticles were made using poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid polymers and then formulated into gels with various concentrations of Carbopol 934, namely 1, 1.5 and 2%. The gel nanoparticles were then subjected to the characterization of the preparation, stability test and release test of the preparation. Results: A concentration of 1% Carbopol 934 provides the best evaluation of gel preparations where the gel produced was homogeneous, pH was around 6.2, viscosity was 3417.12 cPs, spreadability was 5.1 cm, and adhesion was 209.33 seconds. The stability test showed no significant organoleptic and pH changes (p>0.05). The release kinetics model occurs at zero order. F1 has a higher reaction kinetics constant (k) than the other formulations, so drug release occurs faster. Conclusion: The best formula of pegagan (F1) nanoparticle gel was proven to have good physical stability and release ability.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42446330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.11-21
Syaiful Prayogi, B. A. Dhiani, A. Djalil
Background: Although a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is readily available, new cases of COVID-19 are still occurring. New drug discovery is needed to treat COVID-19. Protein E is one of the potential targets. Two synthetic compounds of bicycloproline derivatives have the potential to be developed. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the interaction of bicycloproline compounds to protein E in-silico. Methods: There were two bicycloproline-derived compounds, MI-09 and MI-30, used in docking. Remdesivir was used as a reference ligand. The crystal structure of the E protein was created using homology modeling, while the test compound was drawn using the Marvin Sketch. MOE 2022.02 and BDS 2021 were used for docking and visualization processes. Results: The pentamer of the SARS-CoV-2 E protein obtained a clash score (1.06); poor rotatomer (0.00%); favored rotamers (98.11%); Ramachandran favored (96.43%); Ramachandran outlier (1.78%); Rama Z-score (-1.08); and mol probity (1.04). Research shows promising inhibition potential of the MI-09 and MI-30. The MI-30 has the best binding energy of -10.3326 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The docking results show that MI-30 has potency as an inhibitor of protein E and can be developed in treating COVID-19. Further research is needed to confirm the result by in vitro and in vivo studies.
{"title":"Molecular Docking of Bicycloproline Derivative Synthetic Compounds on Envelope Protein: Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Drug Discovery","authors":"Syaiful Prayogi, B. A. Dhiani, A. Djalil","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.11-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.11-21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine is readily available, new cases of COVID-19 are still occurring. New drug discovery is needed to treat COVID-19. Protein E is one of the potential targets. Two synthetic compounds of bicycloproline derivatives have the potential to be developed. Objective: This study aimed to estimate the interaction of bicycloproline compounds to protein E in-silico. Methods: There were two bicycloproline-derived compounds, MI-09 and MI-30, used in docking. Remdesivir was used as a reference ligand. The crystal structure of the E protein was created using homology modeling, while the test compound was drawn using the Marvin Sketch. MOE 2022.02 and BDS 2021 were used for docking and visualization processes. Results: The pentamer of the SARS-CoV-2 E protein obtained a clash score (1.06); poor rotatomer (0.00%); favored rotamers (98.11%); Ramachandran favored (96.43%); Ramachandran outlier (1.78%); Rama Z-score (-1.08); and mol probity (1.04). Research shows promising inhibition potential of the MI-09 and MI-30. The MI-30 has the best binding energy of -10.3326 kcal/mol. Conclusion: The docking results show that MI-30 has potency as an inhibitor of protein E and can be developed in treating COVID-19. Further research is needed to confirm the result by in vitro and in vivo studies.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42519689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.44-53
Abdulloh Suyuti, Esti Hendradi, Tutiek Purwanti
Background: For treatment or skin care via topical route, Coenzyme Q10 needs to permeate the epidermis which it is practically insoluble in water and a high molecular weight that make it difficult to penetrate the skin. Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) is chosen because of its ability to dissolve and solve the problem of low skin permeation. The type and ratio of solid and liquid lipids used in NLC affect the physicochemical characteristics, thus affecting the release profile and system stability. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of various ratios of Compritol 888 ATO as solid lipid and Miglyol 812 as liquid lipid on the physicochemical stability and Coenzyme Q10 release profile of NLC system. Methods: NLC was prepared using High Shear Homogenization method with three different lipid ratios. The ratio of Compritol 888 ATO : Miglyol 812 was 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10, respectively. NLC was evaluated for drug release and stability parameters including organoleptic, particle size, polydispersity index (PI), pH, viscosity, assay, and entrapment efficiency. Results: The stability test result for 90 days showed increments in the particle size and viscosity, whereas for assay and entrapment efficiency were decreased. The release test results showed no significant difference in the release parameters of the three tested formulas. Conclusion: During stability evaluation, NLC-CoQ10 systems did not significantly change pH and PI values, but statistically significantly changed particle size, viscosity, assay, and entrapment efficiency. The different in lipid ratios used in the formulas did not show significantly different results for release parameters.
{"title":"Effect of Different Lipid Ratios on Physicochemical Stability and Drug Release of Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Loaded Coenzyme Q10","authors":"Abdulloh Suyuti, Esti Hendradi, Tutiek Purwanti","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.44-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.44-53","url":null,"abstract":"Background: For treatment or skin care via topical route, Coenzyme Q10 needs to permeate the epidermis which it is practically insoluble in water and a high molecular weight that make it difficult to penetrate the skin. Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) is chosen because of its ability to dissolve and solve the problem of low skin permeation. The type and ratio of solid and liquid lipids used in NLC affect the physicochemical characteristics, thus affecting the release profile and system stability. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effect of various ratios of Compritol 888 ATO as solid lipid and Miglyol 812 as liquid lipid on the physicochemical stability and Coenzyme Q10 release profile of NLC system. Methods: NLC was prepared using High Shear Homogenization method with three different lipid ratios. The ratio of Compritol 888 ATO : Miglyol 812 was 70:30, 80:20, and 90:10, respectively. NLC was evaluated for drug release and stability parameters including organoleptic, particle size, polydispersity index (PI), pH, viscosity, assay, and entrapment efficiency. Results: The stability test result for 90 days showed increments in the particle size and viscosity, whereas for assay and entrapment efficiency were decreased. The release test results showed no significant difference in the release parameters of the three tested formulas. Conclusion: During stability evaluation, NLC-CoQ10 systems did not significantly change pH and PI values, but statistically significantly changed particle size, viscosity, assay, and entrapment efficiency. The different in lipid ratios used in the formulas did not show significantly different results for release parameters.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45399439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1226
Martina Indah Anita, Agatha Budi Susiana Lestari
Lidah buaya (Aloe barbandesis Mill.) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai banyak manfaat salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Ekstrak lidah buaya terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Ekstrak lidah buaya dicoba untuk diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan gel karena kelebihan dari sediaan gel seperti mudah diaplikasikan pada kulit, tidak lengket dan mudah dicuci dengan air sehingga mempermudah dalam penggunaannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi CMC-Na sebagai gelling agent dan gliserin sebagai humektan yang optimal sehingga menghasilkan sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik sediaan gel yang baik menggunakan metode optimasi Simplex Lattice Design. Hasil respon daya sebar, viskositas, pergeseran viskositas, dan pergeseran daya sebar digunakan untuk menentukan formula optimum. Data hasil uji dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu arah menggunakan Software Design Expert. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan formula optimum yaitu pada formula 1, 2, dan 3 dengan konsentrasi CMC-Na dan gliserin secara berturut-turut yaitu 1,500 g dan 1,750 g; 1,563 g dan 1,688 g; dan 1,625. Selain itu, formula 1, 2, dan 3 memenuhi parameter sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik gel.
{"title":"Optimasi CMC-Na dan Gliserin dalam Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Lidah Buaya secara Simplex Lattice Design","authors":"Martina Indah Anita, Agatha Budi Susiana Lestari","doi":"10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.35814/jifi.v21i1.1226","url":null,"abstract":"Lidah buaya (Aloe barbandesis Mill.) merupakan tanaman yang mempunyai banyak manfaat salah satunya sebagai antibakteri. Ekstrak lidah buaya terbukti memiliki aktivitas sebagai antibakteri. Ekstrak lidah buaya dicoba untuk diformulasikan dalam bentuk sediaan gel karena kelebihan dari sediaan gel seperti mudah diaplikasikan pada kulit, tidak lengket dan mudah dicuci dengan air sehingga mempermudah dalam penggunaannya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental murni yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi CMC-Na sebagai gelling agent dan gliserin sebagai humektan yang optimal sehingga menghasilkan sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik sediaan gel yang baik menggunakan metode optimasi Simplex Lattice Design. Hasil respon daya sebar, viskositas, pergeseran viskositas, dan pergeseran daya sebar digunakan untuk menentukan formula optimum. Data hasil uji dianalisis dengan ANOVA satu arah menggunakan Software Design Expert. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, ditemukan formula optimum yaitu pada formula 1, 2, dan 3 dengan konsentrasi CMC-Na dan gliserin secara berturut-turut yaitu 1,500 g dan 1,750 g; 1,563 g dan 1,688 g; dan 1,625. Selain itu, formula 1, 2, dan 3 memenuhi parameter sifat fisik dan stabilitas fisik gel.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72817328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-30DOI: 10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.62-85
Eva Syariefah Rachman, Widji Soeratri, Tristiana Erawati M
Background: Skin aging can be overcome by applying anti-aging cosmetics. Many active ingredients that have anti-aging potential are derived from plants, and these materials must be delivered with a sound skin delivery system, namely nanoemulsion. The characteristics of nanoemulsion are closely related to physical stability. Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro study designs to examine the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions used in topical anti-aging cosmetics. Methods: A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA statement was used to review the articles regarding nanoemulsions’ characteristics and physical stability. The article search was accessed from an internet search database: Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science, published between January 2012 and June 2022. Results: Of the 244 articles, 44 were found to be related to the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions in anti-aging cosmetics. These showed that active ingredients with antioxidant activity, filter UV rays, moisturizing agents, and cell-repairing agents are delivered by a nanoemulsion system with various types and ratios of surfactants, cosurfactants, and oil phases. Tween 80, Span 80, Transcutol HP, and Caprylic/capric triglyceride are the most widely used nanoemulsion compositions. Conclusion: The type and composition of the oil phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant affect the characteristics of the nanoemulsion (droplet size, polydispersity index, viscosity, zeta potential) and the physical stability of the nanoemulsion so that it can deliver active ingredients that have the potential as anti-aging well.
背景:皮肤老化可以通过使用抗衰老化妆品来克服。许多具有抗衰老潜力的活性成分来源于植物，这些物质必须通过健全的皮肤输送系统，即纳米乳液来输送。纳米乳的特性与其物理稳定性密切相关。目的:本研究旨在对用于局部抗衰老化妆品的纳米乳液的体内和体外研究设计进行系统综述，以考察纳米乳液的特性和物理稳定性。方法:采用基于PRISMA语句的系统文献综述，对纳米乳的特性和物理稳定性进行综述。文章搜索从互联网搜索数据库Scopus, Pubmed和Web of Science访问，发表于2012年1月至2022年6月。结果:244篇文献中，有44篇与纳米乳液抗衰老化妆品的特性及物理稳定性有关。这些结果表明，纳米乳液体系中含有不同类型和比例的表面活性剂、助表面活性剂和油相，可以传递具有抗氧化活性、过滤紫外线、保湿剂和细胞修复剂的活性成分。Tween 80、Span 80、Transcutol HP和Caprylic/capric甘油三酯是最广泛使用的纳米乳液组合物。结论:油相、表面活性剂和助表面活性剂的类型和组成影响纳米乳的粒径、多分散性指数、粘度、zeta电位等特性和物理稳定性，从而使纳米乳能够输送具有抗衰老潜力的活性成分。
{"title":"Characteristics and Physical Stability of Nanoemulsion as a Vehicle for Anti-Aging Cosmetics: A Systematic Review","authors":"Eva Syariefah Rachman, Widji Soeratri, Tristiana Erawati M","doi":"10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.62-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20473/jfiki.v10i12023.62-85","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Skin aging can be overcome by applying anti-aging cosmetics. Many active ingredients that have anti-aging potential are derived from plants, and these materials must be delivered with a sound skin delivery system, namely nanoemulsion. The characteristics of nanoemulsion are closely related to physical stability. Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review of in vivo and in vitro study designs to examine the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions used in topical anti-aging cosmetics. Methods: A systematic literature review based on the PRISMA statement was used to review the articles regarding nanoemulsions’ characteristics and physical stability. The article search was accessed from an internet search database: Scopus, Pubmed, and Web of Science, published between January 2012 and June 2022. Results: Of the 244 articles, 44 were found to be related to the characteristics and physical stability of nanoemulsions in anti-aging cosmetics. These showed that active ingredients with antioxidant activity, filter UV rays, moisturizing agents, and cell-repairing agents are delivered by a nanoemulsion system with various types and ratios of surfactants, cosurfactants, and oil phases. Tween 80, Span 80, Transcutol HP, and Caprylic/capric triglyceride are the most widely used nanoemulsion compositions. Conclusion: The type and composition of the oil phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant affect the characteristics of the nanoemulsion (droplet size, polydispersity index, viscosity, zeta potential) and the physical stability of the nanoemulsion so that it can deliver active ingredients that have the potential as anti-aging well.","PeriodicalId":17684,"journal":{"name":"JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45884247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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