Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-03
S. Nasir, Nadiah Abu
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs formed by covalently closed loops through backsplicing. From previous studies, RNA was found to be involved in the development and formation of colorectal cancer. Emphasis on the true function of circRNAs in colorectal cancer, by focusing on the application of biogenesis, disease treatment and as a biomarker is able to develop cancer therapy with round RNA as a target. Cancer is a chronic disease that contributes to high mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in the world and in Malaysia in general. The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer worldwide show a drastic and alarming increase. Colorectal cancer occurs due to mutations from certain genes involved in proliferation regulation, cell survival and cell death. This article aims to discuss the role and importance of round RNA in colorectal cancer. By identifying the true function of circRNAs, it can help us to develop our understanding of the biological role of real round RNA molecules in colorectal cancer.
{"title":"Function of Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in Colorectal Cancer","authors":"S. Nasir, Nadiah Abu","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-03","url":null,"abstract":"Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs formed by covalently closed loops through backsplicing. From previous studies, RNA was found to be involved in the development and formation of colorectal cancer. Emphasis on the true function of circRNAs in colorectal cancer, by focusing on the application of biogenesis, disease treatment and as a biomarker is able to develop cancer therapy with round RNA as a target. Cancer is a chronic disease that contributes to high mortality worldwide. Colorectal cancer is the most common cancer in the world and in Malaysia in general. The incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer worldwide show a drastic and alarming increase. Colorectal cancer occurs due to mutations from certain genes involved in proliferation regulation, cell survival and cell death. This article aims to discuss the role and importance of round RNA in colorectal cancer. By identifying the true function of circRNAs, it can help us to develop our understanding of the biological role of real round RNA molecules in colorectal cancer.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140523390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-05
Khadijah Alavi
Warga emas sering mempunyai pelbagai penyakit kronik yang meningkatkan risiko malpemakanan. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status kesihatan dan status pemakanan warga emas di kawasan luar bandar, mukim Beranang, Hulu Langat, Selangor dan seterusnya membentuk panduan pemakanan warga emas dalam komuniti. Kajian ini melibatkan dua fasa iaitu fasa penilaian keperluan dan fasa pembentukan panduan pemakanan yang disertai penilaian penerimaan. Seramai 36 orang warga emas ditemu bual dalam fasa penilaian keperluan bagi mendapatkan maklumat sosiodemografi, kesihatan dan status pemakanan. Hasil kajian fasa 1 mendapati seramai 66.7% warga emas menghidapi sekurang-kurangnya satu penyakit kronik iaitu tekanan darah tinggi (50%) dan kencing manis (27.8%). Mereka juga tidak memenuhi saranan pengambilan nutrisi bagi tenaga, lemak, folate, kalsium, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, zink dan potassium. Saiz hidangan bagi buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, kekacang serta susu dan produk tenusu adalah kurang daripada saranan oleh Garis Panduan Pemakanan Malaysia untuk Warga Emas .Oleh itu, panduan pemakanan dan menu teraputik rendah garam dan diet diabetik dibentuk sebagai panduan bagi warga emas dan penjaga mereka. Penilaian penerimaan terhadap isi kandungan panduan melibatkan penjaga warga emas (n=20) dan juga golongan profesional (n=7) untuk menilai kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Seramai 85% penjaga berpendapat isi kandungan panduan mudah difahami, namun beberapa modifikasi perlu dilakukan bagi menarik minat dan meningkatkan lagi kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Golongan profesional bersetuju bahawa penambahan gambar, ilustrasi dan warna dalam panduan ini perlu supaya penyampaian maklumat lebih berkesan dan dapat diterima oleh penjaga dan juga warga emas itu sendiri. Kesimpulannya, separuh dari warga emas di kawasan luar bandar menghidapi penyakit tidak berjangkit (tekanan darah tinggi) dan berdasarkan kekurangan makro-dan mikronutrien tertentu, panduan pemakanan yang mengandungi menu teraputik telah dibentuk. Panduan pemakanan ‘Right Diet 4 Senior’ diterima baik oleh penjaga warga emas dan pegawai pemakanan.
金色公民通常患有各种慢性疾病，从而增加了罹患恶性肿瘤的风险。因此，本研究旨在确定雪兰莪州 Hulu Langat 市 mukim Beranang 外城区黄金公民的健康状况和饮食状况，并随后为该社区的黄金公民制定饮食指南。该研究包括两个阶段，即需求评估阶段和饮食指南制定阶段，同时进行可接受性评估。在需求评估阶段，共对 36 名黄金公民进行了访谈，以了解他们的社会人口信息、健康和饮食状况。第一阶段的研究结果发现，66.7%的黄金居民至少患有一种慢性疾病，即高血压（50%）和糖尿病（27.8%）。他们的能量、脂肪、叶酸、钙、维生素 A、维生素 D、维生素 E、锌和钾的营养摄入量也不符合推荐值。水果、蔬菜、豆类以及牛奶和乳制品的摄入量低于马来西亚黄金公民膳食指南的建议。 因此，我们制定了低盐和糖尿病膳食指南和食疗菜单，作为黄金公民及其照顾者的指南。在对指南内容的可接受性进行评估时，黄金公民的看护者（人数=20）和专业人士（人数=7）都参与其中，以评估他们对所提供的指南的理解程度。虽然 85% 的照护者认为指南内容通俗易懂，但仍可做出一些修改，以吸引他们的兴趣并加深他们对指南的理解。专业小组一致认为，有必要在指南中增加图片、插图和色彩，使信息传递更加有效，并为警卫和金匠本身所接受。总之，外城区一半的金色居民面临着非传染性疾病（高血压）的困扰，根据特定的宏观和微观营养素缺乏情况，制定了包含治疗菜单的饮食指南。老年人正确饮食 "饮食指南受到了黄金居民的护理人员和膳食工作人员的欢迎。
{"title":"Development and Evaluation of Menu and Therapeutic Diet Guideline ‘Right Diet 4 Senior’ among Older Adults and Their Caregivers in Rural Area of Malaysia","authors":"Khadijah Alavi","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2024-2201-05","url":null,"abstract":"Warga emas sering mempunyai pelbagai penyakit kronik yang meningkatkan risiko malpemakanan. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan status kesihatan dan status pemakanan warga emas di kawasan luar bandar, mukim Beranang, Hulu Langat, Selangor dan seterusnya membentuk panduan pemakanan warga emas dalam komuniti. Kajian ini melibatkan dua fasa iaitu fasa penilaian keperluan dan fasa pembentukan panduan pemakanan yang disertai penilaian penerimaan. Seramai 36 orang warga emas ditemu bual dalam fasa penilaian keperluan bagi mendapatkan maklumat sosiodemografi, kesihatan dan status pemakanan. Hasil kajian fasa 1 mendapati seramai 66.7% warga emas menghidapi sekurang-kurangnya satu penyakit kronik iaitu tekanan darah tinggi (50%) dan kencing manis (27.8%). Mereka juga tidak memenuhi saranan pengambilan nutrisi bagi tenaga, lemak, folate, kalsium, vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin E, zink dan potassium. Saiz hidangan bagi buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, kekacang serta susu dan produk tenusu adalah kurang daripada saranan oleh Garis Panduan Pemakanan Malaysia untuk Warga Emas .Oleh itu, panduan pemakanan dan menu teraputik rendah garam dan diet diabetik dibentuk sebagai panduan bagi warga emas dan penjaga mereka. Penilaian penerimaan terhadap isi kandungan panduan melibatkan penjaga warga emas (n=20) dan juga golongan profesional (n=7) untuk menilai kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Seramai 85% penjaga berpendapat isi kandungan panduan mudah difahami, namun beberapa modifikasi perlu dilakukan bagi menarik minat dan meningkatkan lagi kefahaman terhadap panduan yang disediakan. Golongan profesional bersetuju bahawa penambahan gambar, ilustrasi dan warna dalam panduan ini perlu supaya penyampaian maklumat lebih berkesan dan dapat diterima oleh penjaga dan juga warga emas itu sendiri. Kesimpulannya, separuh dari warga emas di kawasan luar bandar menghidapi penyakit tidak berjangkit (tekanan darah tinggi) dan berdasarkan kekurangan makro-dan mikronutrien tertentu, panduan pemakanan yang mengandungi menu teraputik telah dibentuk. Panduan pemakanan ‘Right Diet 4 Senior’ diterima baik oleh penjaga warga emas dan pegawai pemakanan.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140521442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-06
Khairul Osman, Mohd Najib Sam, Glenna Tan JIE YEE, Mohd Zulkarnain Embi, Ahmad Zamri Md Rejab, Gina Francesca Gabriel, N. Hamzah
The incidence of close-range firearm shootings on fishing vessels in Malaysia has been increasing every year. The challenge faced by law enforcement agencies is to demonstrate how these shooting crimes are carried out. To address this problem, a model of shooting angles and ricochets within a confined space needs to be constructed. This study examines the effects of shooting with the CZ 75 SP-01 Shadow semi-automatic pistol, manufactured by the Czech Republic, using 9mm FMJ bullets weighing 7.45 grams on three types of wood commonly used in fishing vessel construction: Resak, Seraya, and Balau. The factors of shooting distance (1, 3, 5, and 10 meters), shooting angles (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°), ricochet angles, and the type of wood material (Resak, Seraya, and Balau) are investigated. The results indicate that only 114 out of 432 shots resulted in ricochets. Shots on Resak wood produced several bullet ricochets at shooting angles of 15° and 30° and a distance of 1 meter. An equation model relating ricochet angles and successful shots was developed. For Seraya wood, only a few ricochets were observed at a shooting angle of 15° and a distance of 1 meter, and statistical tests showed that an equation model could not be constructed. For Balau wood, an equation model relating ricochet angles and shooting distance was successfully established. Validation tests on the Resak and Balau wood models showed that the Resak model achieved an accuracy of 90%. However, the Balau wood model did not yield any reliable results and thus cannot be trusted. In conclusion, the three factors examined are insufficient to explain bullet ricochet occurrences when shooting is performed at close range in an enclosed space.
{"title":"The Effects of Close-Range Firearm Shooting on the Structures of Resak, Seraya, and Balau Fishing Vessels","authors":"Khairul Osman, Mohd Najib Sam, Glenna Tan JIE YEE, Mohd Zulkarnain Embi, Ahmad Zamri Md Rejab, Gina Francesca Gabriel, N. Hamzah","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-06","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of close-range firearm shootings on fishing vessels in Malaysia has been increasing every year. The challenge faced by law enforcement agencies is to demonstrate how these shooting crimes are carried out. To address this problem, a model of shooting angles and ricochets within a confined space needs to be constructed. This study examines the effects of shooting with the CZ 75 SP-01 Shadow semi-automatic pistol, manufactured by the Czech Republic, using 9mm FMJ bullets weighing 7.45 grams on three types of wood commonly used in fishing vessel construction: Resak, Seraya, and Balau. The factors of shooting distance (1, 3, 5, and 10 meters), shooting angles (15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°), ricochet angles, and the type of wood material (Resak, Seraya, and Balau) are investigated. The results indicate that only 114 out of 432 shots resulted in ricochets. Shots on Resak wood produced several bullet ricochets at shooting angles of 15° and 30° and a distance of 1 meter. An equation model relating ricochet angles and successful shots was developed. For Seraya wood, only a few ricochets were observed at a shooting angle of 15° and a distance of 1 meter, and statistical tests showed that an equation model could not be constructed. For Balau wood, an equation model relating ricochet angles and shooting distance was successfully established. Validation tests on the Resak and Balau wood models showed that the Resak model achieved an accuracy of 90%. However, the Balau wood model did not yield any reliable results and thus cannot be trusted. In conclusion, the three factors examined are insufficient to explain bullet ricochet occurrences when shooting is performed at close range in an enclosed space.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42473252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-09
Rose Fazilah Ismail, Rusdi ABD. RASHID, Haris ABD. WAHAB, Zahari Ishak
This manuscript aims to examine depression and the relationship between depression and other comorbidity diseases among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 126 women were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire. The M.I.N.I Neuro-Psychiatric Interview Diagnostic Test Tool 6.0 Bahasa Malaysia Version was used to measure depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. Meanwhile other comorbidity diseases were measured based on the women’s infectious disease status such as Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Hepatitis, HIV and AIDS. The results of study were analysed using SPSS software version 21. Descriptive tests were used to determine the status of depression among women involved in prostitution. The Chi-square test was used to identify the relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases and depression among women involved in prostitution. The results of the descriptive analysis revealed that 92 out of the 126 women who were interviewed reported suffering from depression. In fact, the results of Chi Square test (p≤0.05) analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases especially Hepatitis C and depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. The findings of the study indicated that women s who were positive with Hepatitis C were more prone to report depressive disorders. Therefore, mental health education program and treatment specially for women involved in prostitution need to be integrated into the prevention programs of the infectious diseases.
{"title":"Depression and Other Comorbidity Diseases among Women Involved Prostuition in Kuala Lumpur","authors":"Rose Fazilah Ismail, Rusdi ABD. RASHID, Haris ABD. WAHAB, Zahari Ishak","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-09","url":null,"abstract":"This manuscript aims to examine depression and the relationship between depression and other comorbidity diseases among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. A total of 126 women were interviewed face to face using a structured questionnaire. The M.I.N.I Neuro-Psychiatric Interview Diagnostic Test Tool 6.0 Bahasa Malaysia Version was used to measure depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. Meanwhile other comorbidity diseases were measured based on the women’s infectious disease status such as Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Hepatitis, HIV and AIDS. The results of study were analysed using SPSS software version 21. Descriptive tests were used to determine the status of depression among women involved in prostitution. The Chi-square test was used to identify the relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases and depression among women involved in prostitution. The results of the descriptive analysis revealed that 92 out of the 126 women who were interviewed reported suffering from depression. In fact, the results of Chi Square test (p≤0.05) analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the status of other comorbidity diseases especially Hepatitis C and depression among women involved in prostitution in Kuala Lumpur. The findings of the study indicated that women s who were positive with Hepatitis C were more prone to report depressive disorders. Therefore, mental health education program and treatment specially for women involved in prostitution need to be integrated into the prevention programs of the infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42261308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-08
MA. Melanie Dalaine DELA CRUZ CARNAJE, Jon Dave Torres Rebenque, Gary Antonio CENIDOZA LIRIO
Antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asia is a macro-level health dilemma that may cause substantial casualties annually. Fortunately, Southeast Asian mangroves are potent reservoirs of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties in correlation to their traditional usage. Hence, this study aimed to systematically review studies concerning antimicrobial activities of mangroves in Southeast Asia as well as provide a technological overview of its prospective use in pharmaceutical industry applications through patents. Through the PRISMA protocol, the search for peer-reviewed studies originated from Southeast Asia and published between 2010 to 2022 were conducted over databases such as CORE, Google Scholar, PubMed (MedLine), Science Direct, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, a patent search was also performed on the Espacenet Patent Search, Google Patents, National Institute of Industrial Property, and United States Patent and Trademark Office. The studies and patents were collated on Mendeley Reference Manager as well as tabulated and assessed on Microsoft Office Excel 2016. After the four-phase screening, 59 studies and one patent regarding antimicrobial activities of Southeast Asian mangroves passed the criteria for the systematic review. It was inferred that Southeast Asia constitutes potentially most species-diverse mangroves with highly varied antimicrobial properties and can form synergism with drugs. The existing studies and patents may provide enlightenment on the future path of studies and inventions which must be continually substantiated in animal and clinical experiments for prospective pharmaceutical industry use. In this way, mangroves can be conserved while antimicrobial resistance and anthropogenic activities can be lowered.
东南亚的抗微生物耐药性是一个宏观层面的健康困境，每年可能造成重大伤亡。幸运的是，东南亚红树林是具有抗菌特性的生物活性化合物的强大宿主，与它们的传统用途相关。因此，本研究旨在系统回顾东南亚红树林抗菌活性的研究，并通过专利提供其在制药行业应用的技术概述。通过PRISMA协议，在CORE、谷歌学者、PubMed（MedLine）、Science Direct、语义学者、Scopus和Web of Science等数据库上搜索来自东南亚并在2010年至2022年间发表的同行评审研究。此外，还对Espacnet专利搜索、谷歌专利、国家工业产权研究所和美国专利商标局进行了专利搜索。这些研究和专利在Mendeley Reference Manager上进行了整理，并在Microsoft Office Excel 2016上进行了列表和评估。经过四阶段筛选，59项关于东南亚红树林抗菌活性的研究和一项专利通过了系统审查标准。据推测，东南亚可能是种类最多的红树林，具有高度多样的抗菌特性，并可与药物形成协同作用。现有的研究和专利可能会为未来的研究和发明提供启示，这些研究和发明必须在动物和临床实验中不断得到证实，以供制药行业使用。通过这种方式，红树林可以得到保护，同时可以降低抗微生物耐药性和人类活动。
{"title":"Antimicrobial Activities of Mangrove Species in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review","authors":"MA. Melanie Dalaine DELA CRUZ CARNAJE, Jon Dave Torres Rebenque, Gary Antonio CENIDOZA LIRIO","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-08","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance in Southeast Asia is a macro-level health dilemma that may cause substantial casualties annually. Fortunately, Southeast Asian mangroves are potent reservoirs of bioactive compounds with antimicrobial properties in correlation to their traditional usage. Hence, this study aimed to systematically review studies concerning antimicrobial activities of mangroves in Southeast Asia as well as provide a technological overview of its prospective use in pharmaceutical industry applications through patents. Through the PRISMA protocol, the search for peer-reviewed studies originated from Southeast Asia and published between 2010 to 2022 were conducted over databases such as CORE, Google Scholar, PubMed (MedLine), Science Direct, Semantic Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, a patent search was also performed on the Espacenet Patent Search, Google Patents, National Institute of Industrial Property, and United States Patent and Trademark Office. The studies and patents were collated on Mendeley Reference Manager as well as tabulated and assessed on Microsoft Office Excel 2016. After the four-phase screening, 59 studies and one patent regarding antimicrobial activities of Southeast Asian mangroves passed the criteria for the systematic review. It was inferred that Southeast Asia constitutes potentially most species-diverse mangroves with highly varied antimicrobial properties and can form synergism with drugs. The existing studies and patents may provide enlightenment on the future path of studies and inventions which must be continually substantiated in animal and clinical experiments for prospective pharmaceutical industry use. In this way, mangroves can be conserved while antimicrobial resistance and anthropogenic activities can be lowered.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45918410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-07
Rukiah A LATIFF, Mohd Izuan Ibrahim, Mohammad Aizart Rosli, Nur Farahana Najwa ELYAS YEOW
This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the image quality performance when implementing computed tomography data (CTAC) or magnetic resonance data for attenuation correction (MRAC) on positron emission tomography (PET) images. The CTAC and MRAC were performed on image from PET/CT and PET/MR scanners, respectively. The systematic review was done based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). In this study, twelve articles were included from six databases. The image performance was evaluated by overall image quality, contrast, spatial resolution, detectability, standardised uptake value (SUV) and acquisition time. Data was shown as mean ± standard deviation and compared between CTAC and MRAC images to determine which attenuation correction method provides better image quality. Results found that PET-CTAC and PET-MRAC have similar image performance in overall image quality (p=0.93), detectabilty (p=0.84), SUVmean (p=0.84) and SUVmax (p=0.81). Meanwhile, PET-CTAC acquisition time is significantly faster than PET-MRAC by approximately two fold (p <0.05). There were no statistical analyses performed for image contrast, spatial resolution and contrast-noise-ratio due to the insufficient data. In conclusion, although PET/CT is faster than PET/MRI procedure, images yielded from CTAC and MRAC are equivalent to each other. Due to the variation of linear attenuation coefficient for each type of tissue, future review of image quality comparison can be done focusing on specific tissue or region such as soft tissue, bone and lungs to reflect the real impact of CTAC and MRAC on PET image.
{"title":"CT VS MR Attenuation Correction: A Systematic Review on PET Image Quality Assessment","authors":"Rukiah A LATIFF, Mohd Izuan Ibrahim, Mohammad Aizart Rosli, Nur Farahana Najwa ELYAS YEOW","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-07","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the image quality performance when implementing computed tomography data (CTAC) or magnetic resonance data for attenuation correction (MRAC) on positron emission tomography (PET) images. The CTAC and MRAC were performed on image from PET/CT and PET/MR scanners, respectively. The systematic review was done based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews (PRISMA). In this study, twelve articles were included from six databases. The image performance was evaluated by overall image quality, contrast, spatial resolution, detectability, standardised uptake value (SUV) and acquisition time. Data was shown as mean ± standard deviation and compared between CTAC and MRAC images to determine which attenuation correction method provides better image quality. Results found that PET-CTAC and PET-MRAC have similar image performance in overall image quality (p=0.93), detectabilty (p=0.84), SUVmean (p=0.84) and SUVmax (p=0.81). Meanwhile, PET-CTAC acquisition time is significantly faster than PET-MRAC by approximately two fold (p <0.05). There were no statistical analyses performed for image contrast, spatial resolution and contrast-noise-ratio due to the insufficient data. In conclusion, although PET/CT is faster than PET/MRI procedure, images yielded from CTAC and MRAC are equivalent to each other. Due to the variation of linear attenuation coefficient for each type of tissue, future review of image quality comparison can be done focusing on specific tissue or region such as soft tissue, bone and lungs to reflect the real impact of CTAC and MRAC on PET image.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43639572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-11
Choy Min Yap, Hanif Farhan Mohd Rasdi, Wen Xin Lim
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries in the musculoskeletal system caused by sustained or sudden exposure to repetitive motion, vibration, force, and awkward positions. Professional drivers are one of the working populations with a high risk of developing MSDs. Several studies had examined the prevalence and risk factors (RFs) for MSDs among professional drivers. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze the literature and report the risk factors associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Published literature was systematically searched through EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and OVID. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were methodologically appraised using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Based on the studies included, the RFs reported to be significantly associated with MSDs among professional drivers included physical RFs, individual RFs, and psychosocial RFs. There were some RFs that did not fall into the three categories. The most frequently and comprehensively investigated RFs were the physical RFs. In conclusion, there were various RFs associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Further studies should be conducted to understand MSDs among professional drivers in different contexts and circumstances. A holistic and multidisciplinary approach should be used to develop effective management and preventive techniques to address this common occupational problem affecting a large proportion of the working population.
肌肉骨骼疾病(MSDs)是由持续或突然暴露于重复运动、振动、力和尴尬的姿势引起的肌肉骨骼系统损伤。职业司机是职业病的高危人群之一。几项研究调查了职业司机中msd的患病率和风险因素(RFs)。因此，本系统综述旨在分析文献并报告亚洲国家职业司机中与msd相关的危险因素。通过EBSCOhost、Web of Science和OVID系统地检索已发表的文献。采用横断面研究评价工具(AXIS)对符合纳入标准的研究进行方法学评价。根据纳入的研究，在职业司机中报告的与msd显著相关的RFs包括身体RFs、个体RFs和社会心理RFs。有一些RFs不属于这三个类别。研究最频繁和最全面的RFs是物理RFs。综上所述，在亚洲国家的职业司机中存在与msd相关的各种RFs。应进一步研究不同情况下专业司机的MSDs。应该采用一种综合和多学科的办法来发展有效的管理和预防技术，以解决影响到大部分工作人口的这一共同职业问题。
{"title":"Risk Factors Associated with Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Professional Drivers in Asian Countries: A Systematic Review","authors":"Choy Min Yap, Hanif Farhan Mohd Rasdi, Wen Xin Lim","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-11","url":null,"abstract":"Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are injuries in the musculoskeletal system caused by sustained or sudden exposure to repetitive motion, vibration, force, and awkward positions. Professional drivers are one of the working populations with a high risk of developing MSDs. Several studies had examined the prevalence and risk factors (RFs) for MSDs among professional drivers. Thus, this systematic review aims to analyze the literature and report the risk factors associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Published literature was systematically searched through EBSCOhost, Web of Science, and OVID. Studies which met the inclusion criteria were methodologically appraised using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Based on the studies included, the RFs reported to be significantly associated with MSDs among professional drivers included physical RFs, individual RFs, and psychosocial RFs. There were some RFs that did not fall into the three categories. The most frequently and comprehensively investigated RFs were the physical RFs. In conclusion, there were various RFs associated with MSDs among professional drivers in Asian countries. Further studies should be conducted to understand MSDs among professional drivers in different contexts and circumstances. A holistic and multidisciplinary approach should be used to develop effective management and preventive techniques to address this common occupational problem affecting a large proportion of the working population.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43437749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-15
Hung CHIUN LAU, L. Muthupalaniappen, Y. Swarna Nantha
Food Addiction (FA) is a concept of dependence on substance related to the consumption of palatable foods high in fat, sugar, and salt. This dependence may influence dietary modification advice as dietary modification is an essential component in managing people with diabetes. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of FA among people with diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2021 at Klinik Primer, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Cheras, Kuala Lumpur) involving 142 people with diabetes. FA was assessed using the validated Bahasa Melayu version of Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. The median age of participants was 58 years (IQR=10), and the majority (88%, n=125) of them were above the age of 45 years. A large majority) had central obesity (90.1%, n=128) and were overweight and obese (91%, n=129). The median duration of diabetes was 10 years (IQR=11) with more than two-thirds (63.4%, n=90) of them having diabetes for more than 5 years. Majority (73.9%, n=105) also had poor glucose control with median HbA1c level of 7.5% (IQR =2). Our study found that the prevalence of FA among people with T2DM was low (2.8%, n=4). This could be because the participants were mostly from the older age group with long standing disease. These two features may have influenced their eating behaviour, becoming more compliant and adapted to diabetic diet advice received over the long duration of the condition. A similar study among young diabetics and those with new onset disease may better reflect FA among this group of people.
{"title":"Prevalence of Food Addiction among People with Diabetes in an Urban Health Center","authors":"Hung CHIUN LAU, L. Muthupalaniappen, Y. Swarna Nantha","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-15","url":null,"abstract":"Food Addiction (FA) is a concept of dependence on substance related to the consumption of palatable foods high in fat, sugar, and salt. This dependence may influence dietary modification advice as dietary modification is an essential component in managing people with diabetes. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of FA among people with diabetes. A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and August 2021 at Klinik Primer, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (Cheras, Kuala Lumpur) involving 142 people with diabetes. FA was assessed using the validated Bahasa Melayu version of Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0. The median age of participants was 58 years (IQR=10), and the majority (88%, n=125) of them were above the age of 45 years. A large majority) had central obesity (90.1%, n=128) and were overweight and obese (91%, n=129). The median duration of diabetes was 10 years (IQR=11) with more than two-thirds (63.4%, n=90) of them having diabetes for more than 5 years. Majority (73.9%, n=105) also had poor glucose control with median HbA1c level of 7.5% (IQR =2). Our study found that the prevalence of FA among people with T2DM was low (2.8%, n=4). This could be because the participants were mostly from the older age group with long standing disease. These two features may have influenced their eating behaviour, becoming more compliant and adapted to diabetic diet advice received over the long duration of the condition. A similar study among young diabetics and those with new onset disease may better reflect FA among this group of people.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45998160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-13
Yeoh Jie Ru, Hanif Farhan Mohd Rasdi, D. Harun, Shahirah Md Rasid
Work can guarantee financial stability and quality of life, foster identity and self-confidence and ensure social well-being. Thus, it is vital to understand the motivation and intention to work. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) has been used extensively in theory and research in a wide range of human behaviours. However, research on the efficacy of the TPB in the vocational realm remains limited. This study aims to review the applications of the TPB in work-related intention. Relevant studies were systematically searched using standardised keywords across two databases. Three hundred and sixty-six research articles (n=366) were identified, however, only seven articles (n=7) were eligible to be evaluated in this study using the Assessment for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool. All studies confirmed the efficacy of the TPB in explaining work intentions. The explained variance in intention varied from 10% (post-retirement work intention) to 59% (to work with older adults). However, the underlying core constructs of TPB namely attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control (PBC) do not always altogether consistently predict the intention to work. Besides, few review studies have reported variables that are not included in TPB, such as moral obligation, identity, and tenure, which contributed to a significant amount of variance in intention. Overall, the findings of this review indicated that TPB is helpful in understanding work intention. However, further investigation is needed to estimate the extended variables’ performance in explaining intentions and to cover a broader aspect of work intentions.
{"title":"Understanding Work-Related Intentions Using the Theory of Planned Behaviour: A Systematic Review","authors":"Yeoh Jie Ru, Hanif Farhan Mohd Rasdi, D. Harun, Shahirah Md Rasid","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-13","url":null,"abstract":"Work can guarantee financial stability and quality of life, foster identity and self-confidence and ensure social well-being. Thus, it is vital to understand the motivation and intention to work. The theory of planned behaviour (TPB) has been used extensively in theory and research in a wide range of human behaviours. However, research on the efficacy of the TPB in the vocational realm remains limited. This study aims to review the applications of the TPB in work-related intention. Relevant studies were systematically searched using standardised keywords across two databases. Three hundred and sixty-six research articles (n=366) were identified, however, only seven articles (n=7) were eligible to be evaluated in this study using the Assessment for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS) tool. All studies confirmed the efficacy of the TPB in explaining work intentions. The explained variance in intention varied from 10% (post-retirement work intention) to 59% (to work with older adults). However, the underlying core constructs of TPB namely attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control (PBC) do not always altogether consistently predict the intention to work. Besides, few review studies have reported variables that are not included in TPB, such as moral obligation, identity, and tenure, which contributed to a significant amount of variance in intention. Overall, the findings of this review indicated that TPB is helpful in understanding work intention. However, further investigation is needed to estimate the extended variables’ performance in explaining intentions and to cover a broader aspect of work intentions.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45936493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-01DOI: 10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-10
Nurul Izzatie Ibrahim, Nurzetty Sofia Zainuddin, Juliana Shamsudin
Body mass index (BMI) was one of the reasons people used weight loss products to lose weight. The purpose of this study is to look into the use of weight loss products and their relationship to BMI and associated factors. A cross-sectional study with convenient sampling was conducted on 133 students from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian (USMKK) Health Campus. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic information, self-reported weight and height for BMI, weight loss product use, weight loss product usage characteristics, body weight perception and satisfaction, and weight loss product perception. The majority of participants were female (78.2%), 80.5% were Malay, and the mean age was 22 ± 3.1 years old. Majority had a normal BMI (56.4%), whereas 16.5% were underweight, 18.8% were overweight, and 8.3% were obese. Nevertheless, only 10.5% of participants utilised weight loss products. It was discovered that the use of weight loss products is statistically associated with BMI, with a high proportion of users having an overweight or obese BMI (p=0.042). Those who reported using a weight loss product had a higher BMI [25.56 (IQR 6.6) kg/m2] than those who did not [21.35 (IQR 5.3) kg/m2] (p = 0.015). The use of weight loss products was also statistically associated with perceived product safety (p=0.041) and body weight dissatisfaction (p=0.011). Universities should therefore provide students with appropriate weight loss advice, up-to-date information on the safety and efficacy of various weight loss products, and opportunities to enhance their knowledge, self-efficacy, and social support. For future research, it is suggested to wider the research population to overweight and obese adults in Kelantan.
{"title":"The Use of Weight Loss Products and Body Mass Index among University Students in Kota Bharu, Kelantan","authors":"Nurul Izzatie Ibrahim, Nurzetty Sofia Zainuddin, Juliana Shamsudin","doi":"10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jskm-2023-2102-10","url":null,"abstract":"Body mass index (BMI) was one of the reasons people used weight loss products to lose weight. The purpose of this study is to look into the use of weight loss products and their relationship to BMI and associated factors. A cross-sectional study with convenient sampling was conducted on 133 students from Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian (USMKK) Health Campus. Participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire that included sociodemographic information, self-reported weight and height for BMI, weight loss product use, weight loss product usage characteristics, body weight perception and satisfaction, and weight loss product perception. The majority of participants were female (78.2%), 80.5% were Malay, and the mean age was 22 ± 3.1 years old. Majority had a normal BMI (56.4%), whereas 16.5% were underweight, 18.8% were overweight, and 8.3% were obese. Nevertheless, only 10.5% of participants utilised weight loss products. It was discovered that the use of weight loss products is statistically associated with BMI, with a high proportion of users having an overweight or obese BMI (p=0.042). Those who reported using a weight loss product had a higher BMI [25.56 (IQR 6.6) kg/m2] than those who did not [21.35 (IQR 5.3) kg/m2] (p = 0.015). The use of weight loss products was also statistically associated with perceived product safety (p=0.041) and body weight dissatisfaction (p=0.011). Universities should therefore provide students with appropriate weight loss advice, up-to-date information on the safety and efficacy of various weight loss products, and opportunities to enhance their knowledge, self-efficacy, and social support. For future research, it is suggested to wider the research population to overweight and obese adults in Kelantan.","PeriodicalId":17686,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49155191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：