Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-20
Syed Ahmad Fadhli Syed Abdul Rahman, Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud, Hazri Hassan, Sharifah Nurul Ain Syed Mustorpha
Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 (WKB2030) is one of the Malaysian government’s initiatives to achieve the goals of a developed country by the year 2030. It is one of the motivational pillars that ought to underpin state-level policymaking and development strategies with the participation of all relevant professional professions. The geomatics engineering profession is one of the country’s core prospects and has contributed to the geomatics field in Malaysia, also responding to the call of WKB2030. Unfortunately, the digitalization process is moving too fast and adaptation to current technologies is crucial to stay relevant in the industry. As a result, this study highlighted the geomatics engineering direction through previous study trend identification and the compilation of the blueprint for WKB 2030 to ensure the geomatics engineering profession strives hard in adapting and contributing to national development. To empower the geomatics engineering ecosystem, various initiatives have been emphasized with the involvement of the geomatics engineering community in implementing new measures to enhance the field’s established services by leveraging innovations developed in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0). Lastly, this manuscript will examine, from a geomatics engineering stance, how the geomatics field has adapted to recent technological breakthroughs in order to realize the WKB2030 objectives.
{"title":"Geomatics Engineering Ecosystem, What More to Be Done","authors":"Syed Ahmad Fadhli Syed Abdul Rahman, Khairul Nizam Abdul Maulud, Hazri Hassan, Sharifah Nurul Ain Syed Mustorpha","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-20","url":null,"abstract":"Shared Prosperity Vision 2030 (WKB2030) is one of the Malaysian government’s initiatives to achieve the goals of a developed country by the year 2030. It is one of the motivational pillars that ought to underpin state-level policymaking and development strategies with the participation of all relevant professional professions. The geomatics engineering profession is one of the country’s core prospects and has contributed to the geomatics field in Malaysia, also responding to the call of WKB2030. Unfortunately, the digitalization process is moving too fast and adaptation to current technologies is crucial to stay relevant in the industry. As a result, this study highlighted the geomatics engineering direction through previous study trend identification and the compilation of the blueprint for WKB 2030 to ensure the geomatics engineering profession strives hard in adapting and contributing to national development. To empower the geomatics engineering ecosystem, various initiatives have been emphasized with the involvement of the geomatics engineering community in implementing new measures to enhance the field’s established services by leveraging innovations developed in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR 4.0). Lastly, this manuscript will examine, from a geomatics engineering stance, how the geomatics field has adapted to recent technological breakthroughs in order to realize the WKB2030 objectives.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-15
Atiqur Rahman, Emmanuel Ufiteyezu
The solicitation of smart cities will increase unexpectedly with the rapid increase in IoT infrastructure. Smart City idea notably going up to city lifecycle. Parking is an important part of smart cities yet parking is a difficult process because there isn’t a good way to pay for it or find a spot in the existing system. The number of vehicles in our city is increasing day by day due to which there is an immediate need for a good parking system. The focal point of this paper is to manage parking lots by including dynamic costing methods incorporated in a novel iOS apps-based implementation for smart cities’ demands, which permits a user or driver to make an option for pricing the desired slot and booking the desired slot based on costing in that lot. That means, that developed iPark proposes innovative costing strategies that permit the making of additional parking profits and the rational ordering of parking transportation through parking lots. This paper additionally focuses on reducing the searching time for determining the parking lot using our proposed method, namely, the booking method. From the results, we can see that our proposed method increases profits as well as utilized resources properly compared to the existing methods.
{"title":"Smart Parking Tying Dynamic Costing Method","authors":"Atiqur Rahman, Emmanuel Ufiteyezu","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-15","url":null,"abstract":"The solicitation of smart cities will increase unexpectedly with the rapid increase in IoT infrastructure. Smart City idea notably going up to city lifecycle. Parking is an important part of smart cities yet parking is a difficult process because there isn’t a good way to pay for it or find a spot in the existing system. The number of vehicles in our city is increasing day by day due to which there is an immediate need for a good parking system. The focal point of this paper is to manage parking lots by including dynamic costing methods incorporated in a novel iOS apps-based implementation for smart cities’ demands, which permits a user or driver to make an option for pricing the desired slot and booking the desired slot based on costing in that lot. That means, that developed iPark proposes innovative costing strategies that permit the making of additional parking profits and the rational ordering of parking transportation through parking lots. This paper additionally focuses on reducing the searching time for determining the parking lot using our proposed method, namely, the booking method. From the results, we can see that our proposed method increases profits as well as utilized resources properly compared to the existing methods.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-03
Mohd Rizal Ahmad, Mohd Khairul Fadzly Md Radzi, Ahmad Syazwan Ramli, Mohd Azwan Mohd Bakri, Mohd Ikmal Hafizi Azaman, Aminulrashid Ibrahim, Ahmad Athif Mohd Faudzi, Ariff Azly Muhamed, Habiel Zakariah
The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has introduced an engine-powered palm oil harvesting tool called CANTAS that can double the conventional harvesting output. However, there are several issues that are affecting the endurance and comfort of the harvesters. This paper discusses the comparison in the context of ergonomics, performance, and ecconomics of a battery-powered CANTAS called CANTAS Elektro, which could overcome the issues of the engine-powered CANTAS. The prototype was tested in the laboratory and the field to investigate its ergonomic factors. Test results revealed that CANTAS Elektro was more ergonomic than CANTAS as the deflection, configuration, temperature, noise, and vibration levels of the former were 38%, 42%, 59.8%, 12.7%, and 45.8–65.2% less than those of the latter, respectively. The harvesting productivity increased by 26.5% from 5.63 to 7.04 t/day, with an estimated saving of operational cost of RM1013/machine/ yr. The take-home pay of workers was increased by 29% from RM81 to RM107/man-day, apart from other fringe benefits. It was proven that the battery-powered machine was more cost-effective than the engine-powered machine, in addition to other advantages such as being carbon emission-free, clean, easy to maintain, less complicated and easy to handle.
{"title":"Evaluation and Comparison of the Ergonomics, Performance and Economics of Battery-Powered and Engine-Powered Palm Oil Harvesting Tools:Cantas Elektro","authors":"Mohd Rizal Ahmad, Mohd Khairul Fadzly Md Radzi, Ahmad Syazwan Ramli, Mohd Azwan Mohd Bakri, Mohd Ikmal Hafizi Azaman, Aminulrashid Ibrahim, Ahmad Athif Mohd Faudzi, Ariff Azly Muhamed, Habiel Zakariah","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-03","url":null,"abstract":"The Malaysian Palm Oil Board (MPOB) has introduced an engine-powered palm oil harvesting tool called CANTAS that can double the conventional harvesting output. However, there are several issues that are affecting the endurance and comfort of the harvesters. This paper discusses the comparison in the context of ergonomics, performance, and ecconomics of a battery-powered CANTAS called CANTAS Elektro, which could overcome the issues of the engine-powered CANTAS. The prototype was tested in the laboratory and the field to investigate its ergonomic factors. Test results revealed that CANTAS Elektro was more ergonomic than CANTAS as the deflection, configuration, temperature, noise, and vibration levels of the former were 38%, 42%, 59.8%, 12.7%, and 45.8–65.2% less than those of the latter, respectively. The harvesting productivity increased by 26.5% from 5.63 to 7.04 t/day, with an estimated saving of operational cost of RM1013/machine/ yr. The take-home pay of workers was increased by 29% from RM81 to RM107/man-day, apart from other fringe benefits. It was proven that the battery-powered machine was more cost-effective than the engine-powered machine, in addition to other advantages such as being carbon emission-free, clean, easy to maintain, less complicated and easy to handle.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-05
Zuriyati Yusof, Noor Aida Saad, Muhamad Syafiq Abd Rahim, Purany Kalimuthu, Wan Hazdy Azad Wan Abdul Majid
Storms and floods are frequent occurrences that can disrupt communities and harm ecosystems. An effective flood management plan requires a decision-making process that balances financial, social, and environmental benefits. This paper provides an overview of a study that applied a decision-making process using engineering analysis to determine the most effective approach in selecting the most effective flood mitigation measures. This study used hydrodynamic modelling to determine the effectiveness of proposed measures, such as the construction of a flood wall and river improvement works. The results showed that the combination of both measures could provide 100 ARI level protection, reducing the flood area from 6.11 km2 to 0.00 km2 areas without flooding. The study highlights the importance of considering financial, social, and environmental benefits in selecting effective flood mitigation measures.
{"title":"Assessment on the Efficiency of Flood Mitigation Measures","authors":"Zuriyati Yusof, Noor Aida Saad, Muhamad Syafiq Abd Rahim, Purany Kalimuthu, Wan Hazdy Azad Wan Abdul Majid","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-05","url":null,"abstract":"Storms and floods are frequent occurrences that can disrupt communities and harm ecosystems. An effective flood management plan requires a decision-making process that balances financial, social, and environmental benefits. This paper provides an overview of a study that applied a decision-making process using engineering analysis to determine the most effective approach in selecting the most effective flood mitigation measures. This study used hydrodynamic modelling to determine the effectiveness of proposed measures, such as the construction of a flood wall and river improvement works. The results showed that the combination of both measures could provide 100 ARI level protection, reducing the flood area from 6.11 km2 to 0.00 km2 areas without flooding. The study highlights the importance of considering financial, social, and environmental benefits in selecting effective flood mitigation measures.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-11
Abdalrhman Milad, Amirah Haziqah Mohamad Zaki, Hend Ali Omar, Shaban Ismael Albrka Ali, Naeem Aziz Memon, Nur Izzi Md. Yusof
This study uses the artificial neural network and response surface methodology to develop two models for predicting the rheological properties, complex modulus (G*) and phase angle (δ) of bitumen-filler mastic. It also analyses and evaluates the accuracy of both models by determining the coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The prediction models use the G* and δ data from a previous study by researchers at the Nottingham Transportation Engineering Centre to determine three types of bitumen-filler mastic (limestone, cement and grit stone) with varying filler concentrations of 15, 35, 40 and 65%. The analysis shows that both models perform well in predicting the rheological properties of bitumen-filler mastic. A comparison of the two models shows that the artificial neural network (ANN) has higher accuracy than the response surface methodology model, with an R2 value exceeding 0.92. The results of the ANN achieve a higher R2 value and lower MSE and RMSE values. In summary, the performance of the artificial neural network model is better than the response surface methodology model, which uses the full quadratic, pure quadratic, linear and interaction mathematical methods.
{"title":"Predicting the Rheological Properties of Bitumen-Filler Mastic Using Machine Learning Techniques","authors":"Abdalrhman Milad, Amirah Haziqah Mohamad Zaki, Hend Ali Omar, Shaban Ismael Albrka Ali, Naeem Aziz Memon, Nur Izzi Md. Yusof","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-11","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the artificial neural network and response surface methodology to develop two models for predicting the rheological properties, complex modulus (G*) and phase angle (δ) of bitumen-filler mastic. It also analyses and evaluates the accuracy of both models by determining the coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and root mean squared error (RMSE). The prediction models use the G* and δ data from a previous study by researchers at the Nottingham Transportation Engineering Centre to determine three types of bitumen-filler mastic (limestone, cement and grit stone) with varying filler concentrations of 15, 35, 40 and 65%. The analysis shows that both models perform well in predicting the rheological properties of bitumen-filler mastic. A comparison of the two models shows that the artificial neural network (ANN) has higher accuracy than the response surface methodology model, with an R2 value exceeding 0.92. The results of the ANN achieve a higher R2 value and lower MSE and RMSE values. In summary, the performance of the artificial neural network model is better than the response surface methodology model, which uses the full quadratic, pure quadratic, linear and interaction mathematical methods.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-16
Norhanifah Abdul Halim, Norliza Abd. Rahman, Jarinah Mohd Ali
Monoethylene glycol (MEG) or Ethylene Oxide is an important chemical in plastic and automotive industry as mixed ingredients or cooling liquid. It is produced from ethylene oxide via hydrolysis at 200ºC and 22 atm. The ratio of the ethylene oxide with water should be maintain at 1:20 to reduce the formation of diethylene glycol and higher homologs. Objective of this study is to predict a production of MEG using fuzzy logic. Others parameters such as level, temperature, composition and pressure are consider constant in this research as this study focusing on single input, single (SISO) output strategy. For fuzzy logic prediction, the type of model chosen is Mamdani with triangular membership function, input 1, input 2, and output which refer to error, feedback, and production of ethylene glycol respectively. 11 rules has been construct in this research. The rules may contain “AND” or “OR” conjunctions. The “error” represents the difference between the value feedback and the output. The results for fuzzy rules give highest product of MEG (6.91) at error of 0.102 and 0.8 of feedback. The gain of proportional, integral, and derivative are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively.
{"title":"Prediction for Hydrolysis of Ethylene Oxide via Fuzzy Logic and PID Control","authors":"Norhanifah Abdul Halim, Norliza Abd. Rahman, Jarinah Mohd Ali","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-16","url":null,"abstract":"Monoethylene glycol (MEG) or Ethylene Oxide is an important chemical in plastic and automotive industry as mixed ingredients or cooling liquid. It is produced from ethylene oxide via hydrolysis at 200ºC and 22 atm. The ratio of the ethylene oxide with water should be maintain at 1:20 to reduce the formation of diethylene glycol and higher homologs. Objective of this study is to predict a production of MEG using fuzzy logic. Others parameters such as level, temperature, composition and pressure are consider constant in this research as this study focusing on single input, single (SISO) output strategy. For fuzzy logic prediction, the type of model chosen is Mamdani with triangular membership function, input 1, input 2, and output which refer to error, feedback, and production of ethylene glycol respectively. 11 rules has been construct in this research. The rules may contain “AND” or “OR” conjunctions. The “error” represents the difference between the value feedback and the output. The results for fuzzy rules give highest product of MEG (6.91) at error of 0.102 and 0.8 of feedback. The gain of proportional, integral, and derivative are 0.2, 0.2, and 0.1 respectively.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-21
Atiqur Rahman, Emmanuel Ufiteyezu
Parking problem has become a big problem for us in daily life. Mainly in urban and city corporation area like mall, market etc. we face this problem more and finding space for parking here is very difficult. As a result, we spend a lot of time and energy. Finding a parking space has become a much more frustrating event for the driver or user. If the users or drivers do not get any parking space and park their vehicles randomly anywhere then the road will be jammed and the safety of the vehicles will be threatened. It is also the cause of many accidental incidents. It is the manual system that we usually see. We need a smart parking system that will play a role in creating the smart city of the future. We propose an iOS apps-based parking system to solve this problem of manual system. It allows users or drivers to find parking spaces and park their cars through mobile apps i.e., our developed iOS apps for smart parking. Then we do a comparative analysis of our system with the manual system with direct participation of users and see if our system is used then the existing problems will no longer exist.
{"title":"Smart Parking based on iOS Apps for Smart Cities","authors":"Atiqur Rahman, Emmanuel Ufiteyezu","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-21","url":null,"abstract":"Parking problem has become a big problem for us in daily life. Mainly in urban and city corporation area like mall, market etc. we face this problem more and finding space for parking here is very difficult. As a result, we spend a lot of time and energy. Finding a parking space has become a much more frustrating event for the driver or user. If the users or drivers do not get any parking space and park their vehicles randomly anywhere then the road will be jammed and the safety of the vehicles will be threatened. It is also the cause of many accidental incidents. It is the manual system that we usually see. We need a smart parking system that will play a role in creating the smart city of the future. We propose an iOS apps-based parking system to solve this problem of manual system. It allows users or drivers to find parking spaces and park their cars through mobile apps i.e., our developed iOS apps for smart parking. Then we do a comparative analysis of our system with the manual system with direct participation of users and see if our system is used then the existing problems will no longer exist.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"246 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-19
Muhammad Azizol Mohd Yusof, Suraya Sharil, Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar, Azam Che Idris, Anuar Mohd Yusof
Vegetation plays an important role in the hydrodynamic behaviour of an open channel flow. This study attempted to investigate the flow characteristics of an emergent vegetated channel using Open-source Operations and Manipulation (OpenFOAM). InterFoam is an OpenFOAM solver used to model this simulation. It is one of the methods available to model free-flow surface flow. Results for flow velocity profile can be generated using ParaView software. This study used a constant inlet velocity of 0.0417 m/s. There are two sets of models including model L8 with a solid volume fraction (SVF) of 8% using 9 rigid dowels, and model 4S with SVF of 4% using 17 dowels within a 1.2 m2 study area. Dowels in L8 are arranged in linear formation compared to the 4S model in a staggered arrangement. The study found that in model 4S, the stem-scale vortices are developed individually after each dowel due to sparse staggered vegetation. Meanwhile, model 8L suggests oppositely the vortex is cramped from the closeness of the dowels. The shear layer is formed as the flow enters the vegetation patch at upstream and the instability causes the shear layer vortices between inside and outside the vegetation region. Both models agreed that as the flow moves downstream the vortices are greater and make the streamwise velocity region become slower. The vertical velocity profile acknowledges the shear layer patch-scale vortices have a greater influence on the flow of both models. The magnitude of turbulence intensity in lateral directions is bigger in model 4S than in model 8L. The influence of vortices shed by upstream cylinders has an increasing impact on the irregular shedding behaviour of downstream cylinders as plant density increases. In general, the TKE values of the Model 4S are higher than those of the Model 8L. Regardless of the solid volume percentage difference, the vegetation pattern between linear and staggered has an effect on the flow. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is indeed capable to solve complex hydrodynamic characteristics.
{"title":"The Application of OpenFOAM in Modelling Flow for Vegetated Channel","authors":"Muhammad Azizol Mohd Yusof, Suraya Sharil, Wan Hanna Melini Wan Mohtar, Azam Che Idris, Anuar Mohd Yusof","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-19","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation plays an important role in the hydrodynamic behaviour of an open channel flow. This study attempted to investigate the flow characteristics of an emergent vegetated channel using Open-source Operations and Manipulation (OpenFOAM). InterFoam is an OpenFOAM solver used to model this simulation. It is one of the methods available to model free-flow surface flow. Results for flow velocity profile can be generated using ParaView software. This study used a constant inlet velocity of 0.0417 m/s. There are two sets of models including model L8 with a solid volume fraction (SVF) of 8% using 9 rigid dowels, and model 4S with SVF of 4% using 17 dowels within a 1.2 m2 study area. Dowels in L8 are arranged in linear formation compared to the 4S model in a staggered arrangement. The study found that in model 4S, the stem-scale vortices are developed individually after each dowel due to sparse staggered vegetation. Meanwhile, model 8L suggests oppositely the vortex is cramped from the closeness of the dowels. The shear layer is formed as the flow enters the vegetation patch at upstream and the instability causes the shear layer vortices between inside and outside the vegetation region. Both models agreed that as the flow moves downstream the vortices are greater and make the streamwise velocity region become slower. The vertical velocity profile acknowledges the shear layer patch-scale vortices have a greater influence on the flow of both models. The magnitude of turbulence intensity in lateral directions is bigger in model 4S than in model 8L. The influence of vortices shed by upstream cylinders has an increasing impact on the irregular shedding behaviour of downstream cylinders as plant density increases. In general, the TKE values of the Model 4S are higher than those of the Model 8L. Regardless of the solid volume percentage difference, the vegetation pattern between linear and staggered has an effect on the flow. Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) is indeed capable to solve complex hydrodynamic characteristics.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-17
Ruizhe Yin, Mohd Nizam Ab Rahman, Kadir Arifin, Mohd Hafizuddin Syah Bangaan Abdullah
Small- and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) were confronted with a variety of difficulties due to the increasingly complex market environment, and many of them could not make enough profits to proceed with their manufacturing tasks. The objective of this study was to develop a model of risk management by integrating several risk tools at manufacturing companies. This study was also intended to improve the decision making by providing quantitative analysis at each step of risk management and improve lean practices. Risk quantitative analysis methods such as failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) and multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) were applied in this study to identify the potential risks. Moreover, the risk assessment was used to categorize risks into different severity levels. The manufacturing data obtained from a case study was utilised to calculate the risk priority number (RPN). The risk mitigation actions were formulated to reduce the original RPN and the final RPN value decreased to a normal standard in the end. Overall, this study optimised the risk management of one case study SME and improved lean manufacturing practices. By establishing the risk identification model and applying common lean manufacturing concepts in reducing wastes at actual manufacturing processes, the manufacturing enterprise could manage to optimize the operations and increase the actual manufacturing productivity. The machining and assembly processes of diesel engines were optimized and improved with the decrease of RPN and the selection of the CK6150 CNC lathe that owns the highest MOORA assessment value.
{"title":"Risk Identification Model for Lean Manufacturing Improvement","authors":"Ruizhe Yin, Mohd Nizam Ab Rahman, Kadir Arifin, Mohd Hafizuddin Syah Bangaan Abdullah","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-17","url":null,"abstract":"Small- and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) were confronted with a variety of difficulties due to the increasingly complex market environment, and many of them could not make enough profits to proceed with their manufacturing tasks. The objective of this study was to develop a model of risk management by integrating several risk tools at manufacturing companies. This study was also intended to improve the decision making by providing quantitative analysis at each step of risk management and improve lean practices. Risk quantitative analysis methods such as failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) and multi-objective optimization on the basis of ratio analysis (MOORA) were applied in this study to identify the potential risks. Moreover, the risk assessment was used to categorize risks into different severity levels. The manufacturing data obtained from a case study was utilised to calculate the risk priority number (RPN). The risk mitigation actions were formulated to reduce the original RPN and the final RPN value decreased to a normal standard in the end. Overall, this study optimised the risk management of one case study SME and improved lean manufacturing practices. By establishing the risk identification model and applying common lean manufacturing concepts in reducing wastes at actual manufacturing processes, the manufacturing enterprise could manage to optimize the operations and increase the actual manufacturing productivity. The machining and assembly processes of diesel engines were optimized and improved with the decrease of RPN and the selection of the CK6150 CNC lathe that owns the highest MOORA assessment value.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135398611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(4)-10
Nur Fatin Irdina Zulhamidi, Mardina Abdullah, Nurul Shazana Abdul Hamid, Khairul Adib Yusof
The application of electromagnetic signals in earthquake study has been applied by previous researchers through the monitoring of geomagnetic variations. The previous studies have revealed inconsistencies in the implementation of the diurnal variation ratio (DVR) method and the results were also found to be limited in specific events. This study sought to enhance the reliability of earthquake forecasting by implementing two different variants of the DVR method in investigating the magnetic responses prior to earthquakes (EQ). Global EQ events that occurred between 2000-2020 with magnitude above 5.0 were observed. The anomalies were detected as early as 60 days to 1 day prior to the EQ events for DVR using threshold value (Method 1), and 30 days to 15 days prior to the EQ events for DVR using the comparison with 1-year background geomagnetic data (Method 2). All geomagnetic N, E, and Z components showed anomalous behaviour during the quiet days but with temporal lags between the components. It can be concluded that Method 1 approach, yielded results with significantly more precursor presence than Method 2. The relationship of the geomagnetic variations with earthquake properties such as magnitude and focal depth showed higher rate of precursor presence in both the strong and mid-focus EQ. Future studies will be conducted to correlate geomagnetic variations with seismo-ionospheric response and physical ground movement prior to the events. The outcomes of this study will be able to provide insights of effective analysis for precursor study particularly in seismic hazard.
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