Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-05
Amien S. Dafa, Gunawan Nugroho
Tapered wing shape of a planform wing is still widely used amongst airplane and UAVs with subsonic speed. In the design process, a good consideration for a good taper ratio of a wing is required to obtain the optimal and distribution for the desired function of an aircraft. Additionally, addition of expansion segment on wing planform shape is often used to increase the performance of wings without the increase of wingspan. Several methods to analyze a wing shape are experimentation, computational luid dynamics, and analytical calculation. Analyzing with analytical calculation will present limited, but accurate outcomes due to the assumptions that are made during the calculation. This method, however, is inexpensive. This is why analytical calculation is still a common method to use in the design process of an aircraft, particularly in the early phase. Five variants of taper ratio and 3 variants that with expansion segment is analyzed using the Lifting Line Theory that utilizes Fourier series at subsonic speed. The results are the values of and with respect to and the distribution of and along the wingspan. Increasing the taper ratio results in the decrease of and the increase of , while adding an expansion segment will give results that are dependent on the added segment’s taper ratio.
{"title":"Wing Planform Analysis with Taper Ratio and Expansion Segment Variation with Lifting Line Theory","authors":"Amien S. Dafa, Gunawan Nugroho","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-05","url":null,"abstract":"Tapered wing shape of a planform wing is still widely used amongst airplane and UAVs with subsonic speed. In the design process, a good consideration for a good taper ratio of a wing is required to obtain the optimal and distribution for the desired function of an aircraft. Additionally, addition of expansion segment on wing planform shape is often used to increase the performance of wings without the increase of wingspan. Several methods to analyze a wing shape are experimentation, computational luid dynamics, and analytical calculation. Analyzing with analytical calculation will present limited, but accurate outcomes due to the assumptions that are made during the calculation. This method, however, is inexpensive. This is why analytical calculation is still a common method to use in the design process of an aircraft, particularly in the early phase. Five variants of taper ratio and 3 variants that with expansion segment is analyzed using the Lifting Line Theory that utilizes Fourier series at subsonic speed. The results are the values of and with respect to and the distribution of and along the wingspan. Increasing the taper ratio results in the decrease of and the increase of , while adding an expansion segment will give results that are dependent on the added segment’s taper ratio.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"865 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139204866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-24
Engr. Hifza, Hassan Tariq
The two most crucial factors that are constantly taken into account while developing or building any new infrastructure in this day and age are sustainability and resilience. In a similar manner, this project centers on the same idea of sustainability and resiliency in order to construct a 10-story structure that served the function of a multipurpose community center equipped with cutting edge technology and carefully selected construction materials in order to lessen the number of harmful emissions and to keep a balance in both the structural strength and the environment. The design process has involved choosing the primary building material, the type of construction used, the building plans, and the carbon footprints the selected building materials are generated. The building’s planned design also assessed for structural soundness, environmental sustainability, and resilience. The outcomes are compared to an existing structure in the same domain for the critical evaluation and effective decision-making. As a result, this compilation also includes a complete and in-depth analysis of how the suggested construction is more robust and sustainable. The preface also includes information on the building parts, such as the materials used to contrive the structural as well as the non-structural members. In the end, the suggested design is monitored based on its structural qualities to ensure its stability and resilience. In order to successfully propose a sustainable and resilient design for the building of a multipurpose 10-story community center, a comprehensive and optimal set of recommendations is provided.
{"title":"Adaptive and Sustainable Design for Building Construction Considering Climate Change","authors":"Engr. Hifza, Hassan Tariq","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-24","url":null,"abstract":"The two most crucial factors that are constantly taken into account while developing or building any new infrastructure in this day and age are sustainability and resilience. In a similar manner, this project centers on the same idea of sustainability and resiliency in order to construct a 10-story structure that served the function of a multipurpose community center equipped with cutting edge technology and carefully selected construction materials in order to lessen the number of harmful emissions and to keep a balance in both the structural strength and the environment. The design process has involved choosing the primary building material, the type of construction used, the building plans, and the carbon footprints the selected building materials are generated. The building’s planned design also assessed for structural soundness, environmental sustainability, and resilience. The outcomes are compared to an existing structure in the same domain for the critical evaluation and effective decision-making. As a result, this compilation also includes a complete and in-depth analysis of how the suggested construction is more robust and sustainable. The preface also includes information on the building parts, such as the materials used to contrive the structural as well as the non-structural members. In the end, the suggested design is monitored based on its structural qualities to ensure its stability and resilience. In order to successfully propose a sustainable and resilient design for the building of a multipurpose 10-story community center, a comprehensive and optimal set of recommendations is provided.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-15
Juliana Idrus, Norhanizah Hamzah, Rozaini Ramli, Masyitah Md Nujid, S. F. Sadikon
This paper presents a case study of an existing slope at Taman Kelab Ukay, Ampang, Selangor. A potential slope failure is predicted as the nearby surrounded slope failed due to low self-retaining strength caused by prolonged and intense rainfall. The slope stability is analyzed by the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) using Geo-Studio 2018 (SLOPE/W) software to investigate the slope’s Factor of Safety (FOS). The slope stability analysis confirms that the existing slope only provides the FOS of 1.028, which does not meet the minimum FOS of 1.30 of JKR Guidelines for Slope Design (2010) for untreated slope. The slope is subsequently re-analyzed as a treated slope, and the proposed remedial actions are soil nailing and geotextiles. As a result, the soil nailing and geotextiles achieve a minimum FOS of 1.50 for treated slope, with values of 1.899 and 1.845, respectively. For remedial work, soil nailing is recommended to be employed at the slope since the method is commonly used in the construction industry as it offers an inexpensive and uncomplicated installation technique. The sufficient soil nailing design characteristics proposed for the slope is three (3) bars of 7 meters length of soil nails at a 25° inclination angle. Soil nailing is a reliable and cost-effective method for slope stabilization and remedial work due to its ability to provide a durable, long-term solution for slopes that are prone to instability, erosion and landslides.
{"title":"Enhancing Slope Stability with Different Slope Stabilization Measures: A Case Study using SLOPE/W Software","authors":"Juliana Idrus, Norhanizah Hamzah, Rozaini Ramli, Masyitah Md Nujid, S. F. Sadikon","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a case study of an existing slope at Taman Kelab Ukay, Ampang, Selangor. A potential slope failure is predicted as the nearby surrounded slope failed due to low self-retaining strength caused by prolonged and intense rainfall. The slope stability is analyzed by the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) using Geo-Studio 2018 (SLOPE/W) software to investigate the slope’s Factor of Safety (FOS). The slope stability analysis confirms that the existing slope only provides the FOS of 1.028, which does not meet the minimum FOS of 1.30 of JKR Guidelines for Slope Design (2010) for untreated slope. The slope is subsequently re-analyzed as a treated slope, and the proposed remedial actions are soil nailing and geotextiles. As a result, the soil nailing and geotextiles achieve a minimum FOS of 1.50 for treated slope, with values of 1.899 and 1.845, respectively. For remedial work, soil nailing is recommended to be employed at the slope since the method is commonly used in the construction industry as it offers an inexpensive and uncomplicated installation technique. The sufficient soil nailing design characteristics proposed for the slope is three (3) bars of 7 meters length of soil nails at a 25° inclination angle. Soil nailing is a reliable and cost-effective method for slope stabilization and remedial work due to its ability to provide a durable, long-term solution for slopes that are prone to instability, erosion and landslides.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139200941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-18
Amril Hadri Jamaludin, N. Md Nor, A. Ruslan, Soffian Noor Mat Saliah, Nor Amiera Syuhada Abi Suhaimi, Ahmad Syauqi Md Hassan, Mohd Azrizal Fauzi, Fatma Sakinah Razali
Precast concrete buildings in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) are constructed of multiple pieces of structural members joined together using a variety of methods. The use of precast concrete wall panels has become increasingly popular in modern construction practices. One critical aspect of precast concrete wall panels is their connection to the adjacent walls. Various of wall-to-wall connections have been used in the IBS based construction. However, for non-load bearing application, the use of dapped connections for precast wall made with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is still limited and unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the structural performance of horizontally light reinforced dapped (HLRD) connections for precast wall panels made with RCA. The investigation includes experimental testing that includes three pair of specimens subjected to uniformly distributed monotonic loading to evaluate their strength capacity, strain, and deflection behaviour as well as the resulting crack propagation throughout the test. The connection displays brittle behaviour by developing a few line cracks and having a significant deflection before failure. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of HLRD connections and provide preliminary guidance for their design in precast concrete wall panels.
{"title":"Structural Performance Evaluation of Horizontally Light Reinforced Dapped for Vertical Wall-To-Wall Connection of Precast Wall Panel","authors":"Amril Hadri Jamaludin, N. Md Nor, A. Ruslan, Soffian Noor Mat Saliah, Nor Amiera Syuhada Abi Suhaimi, Ahmad Syauqi Md Hassan, Mohd Azrizal Fauzi, Fatma Sakinah Razali","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-18","url":null,"abstract":"Precast concrete buildings in Industrialised Building Systems (IBS) are constructed of multiple pieces of structural members joined together using a variety of methods. The use of precast concrete wall panels has become increasingly popular in modern construction practices. One critical aspect of precast concrete wall panels is their connection to the adjacent walls. Various of wall-to-wall connections have been used in the IBS based construction. However, for non-load bearing application, the use of dapped connections for precast wall made with recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is still limited and unexplored. This study aims to evaluate the structural performance of horizontally light reinforced dapped (HLRD) connections for precast wall panels made with RCA. The investigation includes experimental testing that includes three pair of specimens subjected to uniformly distributed monotonic loading to evaluate their strength capacity, strain, and deflection behaviour as well as the resulting crack propagation throughout the test. The connection displays brittle behaviour by developing a few line cracks and having a significant deflection before failure. The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the behavior of HLRD connections and provide preliminary guidance for their design in precast concrete wall panels.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"339 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139203695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-14
Ahmad H. A. Hamid, Azmi A. Matali, Z. A. Ghaffar, S. Kasolang
The interaction of a liquid with the surrounding air produces unstable waves that disintegrate the liquid into droplets, which is known as liquid atomization. The common internal flow of a liquid atomization nozzle experiences a single-phase flow but might turn into a multiphase flow with the existence of cavitation. Cavitation in internal flow has gotten a lot of attention because of the positive and negative consequences it can have depending on the application. One such advantageous result is that cavitation has been used to promote the atomization of liquid jets by causing gas bubbles in the atmosphere to collapse. Most of the past research on cavitation has focused on the exit orifice’s constant cross-section area. The current study investigates the effect of throat location and geometry on cavitation characteristics. Filtered water was used as the simulation fluid. The high-speed shadowgraph technique was applied to record the images of the internal flow patterns. The placement of the throat was discovered to have a substantial impact on the status of the cavitation. Cavitation began at the inlet of the throat when the throat was placed at the uppermost part of the exit orifice. However, when the throat is placed in the middle of the exit orifice, the cavitation begins at the end of the throat. Four cavitation regimes were identified, namely developing, mixed, super and sudden expansion cavitation. Furthermore, it was found that the discharge coefficient depends on the cavitation’s state and length, except when the cavitation is in the supercavitation regime.
{"title":"Cavitation in Internal Flows of Liquid Jet Through a Throat","authors":"Ahmad H. A. Hamid, Azmi A. Matali, Z. A. Ghaffar, S. Kasolang","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-14","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction of a liquid with the surrounding air produces unstable waves that disintegrate the liquid into droplets, which is known as liquid atomization. The common internal flow of a liquid atomization nozzle experiences a single-phase flow but might turn into a multiphase flow with the existence of cavitation. Cavitation in internal flow has gotten a lot of attention because of the positive and negative consequences it can have depending on the application. One such advantageous result is that cavitation has been used to promote the atomization of liquid jets by causing gas bubbles in the atmosphere to collapse. Most of the past research on cavitation has focused on the exit orifice’s constant cross-section area. The current study investigates the effect of throat location and geometry on cavitation characteristics. Filtered water was used as the simulation fluid. The high-speed shadowgraph technique was applied to record the images of the internal flow patterns. The placement of the throat was discovered to have a substantial impact on the status of the cavitation. Cavitation began at the inlet of the throat when the throat was placed at the uppermost part of the exit orifice. However, when the throat is placed in the middle of the exit orifice, the cavitation begins at the end of the throat. Four cavitation regimes were identified, namely developing, mixed, super and sudden expansion cavitation. Furthermore, it was found that the discharge coefficient depends on the cavitation’s state and length, except when the cavitation is in the supercavitation regime.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"8 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-10
Atiqur Rahman, Musabe Jean Bosco
There are numerous parking supervision and random booking procedures that regulate parking operations. Travel time to the parking slot and walking time inside the terminus can still be dropped if the parker can book a precise parking spot instead of an arbitrary one. This is achieved by our proposal, called sPark which is an app-based parking method that includes indoor navigation facility i.e., an app for parking with indoor navigation facility. sPark’s sharing system will rapidly book the optimal parking slots for parkers and advise them on the best feasible entrances for practice. Also, parkers will find the briefest path to their target using our proposed app’s navigation technique, saving them a lot of time roaming to the building. Different parking methods like sPark (our proposed), non-directed and directed methods (existing) are designed and assessed. The designed and assessed simulation outcomes of sPark indicate an important decrease in the overall driving time by 30% to 60% as compared to the non-directed method which is an existing method. Additionally, the resource sharing module in our scheme i.e., an app for parking with indoor navigation facility called sPark has revealed a 9.99% decrease in driving time in comparison to directed methods (existing) that feature interior cruising and direction only.
{"title":"An App for Parking with Indoor Navigation Facility","authors":"Atiqur Rahman, Musabe Jean Bosco","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-10","url":null,"abstract":"There are numerous parking supervision and random booking procedures that regulate parking operations. Travel time to the parking slot and walking time inside the terminus can still be dropped if the parker can book a precise parking spot instead of an arbitrary one. This is achieved by our proposal, called sPark which is an app-based parking method that includes indoor navigation facility i.e., an app for parking with indoor navigation facility. sPark’s sharing system will rapidly book the optimal parking slots for parkers and advise them on the best feasible entrances for practice. Also, parkers will find the briefest path to their target using our proposed app’s navigation technique, saving them a lot of time roaming to the building. Different parking methods like sPark (our proposed), non-directed and directed methods (existing) are designed and assessed. The designed and assessed simulation outcomes of sPark indicate an important decrease in the overall driving time by 30% to 60% as compared to the non-directed method which is an existing method. Additionally, the resource sharing module in our scheme i.e., an app for parking with indoor navigation facility called sPark has revealed a 9.99% decrease in driving time in comparison to directed methods (existing) that feature interior cruising and direction only.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":" 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139197542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-06
Syahiir Kamil, Mohamad Syazwan Zafwan Mohamad Suffian, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, Abdul Hadi Azman
In order to further reduce oil dependence and world pollution, there’s growing interest in embedding batteries such as Li-Po batteries within vehicle components. The implementation of structural batteries is believed to be the next promising approach for next-generation hybrid and electric vehicles. The proposed research is devoted to the uncertainty analysis of structural battery behavior under various parameters. To help with the analysis, a dedicated algorithm based on an elimination approach to solve numerical problems with uncertain parameters is successfully developed using Visual Basic. The Constant Strain Triangle element with linear elastic behavior is used as a structural model to simplify the model. Uncertainty of the material properties and loading are modeled as Fuzzy Random Variables. In evaluating the influence of the uncertainty parameters, Interval Monte Carlo Simulation and the interval finite element method are used to compute the bounds of the structure behavior. Simulation results between the Interval Monte Carlo and Deterministic are compared to evaluate the significance of the uncertainty factor influences. It is shown that the structural batteries that can be considered safe based on deterministic parameters may be unsafe if the uncertainty parameters are considered. The proposed approach could detect the results that are not necessarily detected through deterministic means. By producing a broader result, further prevention and consideration can be made to avoid catastrophic events.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of Structural Batteries Response with the Presence of Uncertainty","authors":"Syahiir Kamil, Mohamad Syazwan Zafwan Mohamad Suffian, Ahmad Kamal Ariffin, Abdul Hadi Azman","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-06","url":null,"abstract":"In order to further reduce oil dependence and world pollution, there’s growing interest in embedding batteries such as Li-Po batteries within vehicle components. The implementation of structural batteries is believed to be the next promising approach for next-generation hybrid and electric vehicles. The proposed research is devoted to the uncertainty analysis of structural battery behavior under various parameters. To help with the analysis, a dedicated algorithm based on an elimination approach to solve numerical problems with uncertain parameters is successfully developed using Visual Basic. The Constant Strain Triangle element with linear elastic behavior is used as a structural model to simplify the model. Uncertainty of the material properties and loading are modeled as Fuzzy Random Variables. In evaluating the influence of the uncertainty parameters, Interval Monte Carlo Simulation and the interval finite element method are used to compute the bounds of the structure behavior. Simulation results between the Interval Monte Carlo and Deterministic are compared to evaluate the significance of the uncertainty factor influences. It is shown that the structural batteries that can be considered safe based on deterministic parameters may be unsafe if the uncertainty parameters are considered. The proposed approach could detect the results that are not necessarily detected through deterministic means. By producing a broader result, further prevention and consideration can be made to avoid catastrophic events.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139198120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-17
Mohd Hafizuddin Hakim Zainal, N. Md Nor, Mohd Faisal Mat Ali, S. N. Mat Saliah, Siti Isma Hani Ismail, Abdullahi Nafiu Zadawa
The problem of foreign worker is currently increasing due to many factors and has necessitated a comprehensive study to identify the critical factor that leads to the failure of construction projects. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the performance of foreign labour so that the foreign worker can be trained and educated. Methodologically, a total of 68 questionnaires were distributed to respondents at construction sites in four districts of Johor Bahru, Kota Tinggi, Kulai and Pontian in Johor. The selected site was based on the study location, population, design criteria, sample size, sampling frame, sampling method and data collection method. The survey consisted of two sections, Sections A and B. Section A deals with the demographic profile of the respondents. Section B deals with the main factors affecting performance. The data was then analysed using descriptive analysis to determine the mean of the responses. The results show that inadequate health and safety awareness at the worksite is the most important factor affecting the performance of foreign workers. The results also show that the most negative influence of foreign workers is on the construction project. Therefore, the company needs to spend more resources on training the foreign workers. To overcome the problems, the company needs to set and pursue goals to improve the skills of the worker force. This factor is overcome through various strategies such as training foreign labours, monitoring their performance, communicating regularly with the workers and pursuing goals to improve the skills of the workers. The findings of this study can therefore be used to train and educate the foreign worker to perform better in construction projects, especially in heavily populated areas.
目前，由于多种因素的影响，外籍劳工问题日益严重，因此有必要进行全面研究，找出导致建筑项目失败的关键因素。因此，本研究的目的是调查影响外籍劳工表现的因素，以便对外籍劳工进行培训和教育。在方法上，本研究在柔佛州新山、哥打丁宜、古来和坤甸四个地区的建筑工地向受访者共发放了 68 份问卷。所选地点基于研究地点、人口、设计标准、样本大小、抽样框架、抽样方法和数据收集方法。调查包括两个部分，即 A 部分和 B 部分。B 部分涉及影响绩效的主要因素。然后使用描述性分析方法对数据进行分析，以确定答复的平均值。结果显示，工作场所的健康和安全意识不足是影响外籍工人工作表现的最重要因素。结果还显示，外籍工人对建筑项目的负面影响最大。因此，公司需要花费更多的资源来培训外籍工人。为了克服这些问题，公司需要制定和追求提高工人技能的目标。这一因素可通过各种策略加以克服，如培训外籍劳工、监督他们的表现、定期与工人沟通以及追求提高工人技能的目标。因此，本研究的结果可用于培训和教育外籍工人，使他们在建筑项目中，尤其是在人口稠密地区的建筑项目中表现得更好。
{"title":"The Need to Educate Foreign Workers Based on the Performance Factor in a Construction Project, Especially in a Highly Populated Area in Johor, Malaysia","authors":"Mohd Hafizuddin Hakim Zainal, N. Md Nor, Mohd Faisal Mat Ali, S. N. Mat Saliah, Siti Isma Hani Ismail, Abdullahi Nafiu Zadawa","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-17","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of foreign worker is currently increasing due to many factors and has necessitated a comprehensive study to identify the critical factor that leads to the failure of construction projects. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the factors affecting the performance of foreign labour so that the foreign worker can be trained and educated. Methodologically, a total of 68 questionnaires were distributed to respondents at construction sites in four districts of Johor Bahru, Kota Tinggi, Kulai and Pontian in Johor. The selected site was based on the study location, population, design criteria, sample size, sampling frame, sampling method and data collection method. The survey consisted of two sections, Sections A and B. Section A deals with the demographic profile of the respondents. Section B deals with the main factors affecting performance. The data was then analysed using descriptive analysis to determine the mean of the responses. The results show that inadequate health and safety awareness at the worksite is the most important factor affecting the performance of foreign workers. The results also show that the most negative influence of foreign workers is on the construction project. Therefore, the company needs to spend more resources on training the foreign workers. To overcome the problems, the company needs to set and pursue goals to improve the skills of the worker force. This factor is overcome through various strategies such as training foreign labours, monitoring their performance, communicating regularly with the workers and pursuing goals to improve the skills of the workers. The findings of this study can therefore be used to train and educate the foreign worker to perform better in construction projects, especially in heavily populated areas.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"319 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139207866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-13
I. A. Dahham, M. A. A. Mohd Zainuri, Ali Abdulabbas Abdullah, Mohd Faizal Fauzan, Qais Hamid Jeflawe
Desertification and industrial pollution environment can significantly degrade photovoltaic cells performance. Accumulated dust on the surface of a photovoltaic module can partially hinder incident light and consequently degrade optical to electrical energy conversion. Dust properties play a major role in deteriorating solar system performance. Thus, this paper presents extensive investigations on the UV- absorbance, light transmittance and reflectance through an accumulated dust layer. Dust characterization; focusing on its spectral and crystallographic properties of three types of dust (Graphene, Silica, and natural), was carried out to evaluate the degradation rate of the output power for three types of solar PV modules (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film). Spectrophotometric analysis was conducted to determine UV light absorbance and light transmittance through the three types of dust. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of dust crystallinity on light reflectance. A lab-scale setup was used to examine the performances of the three solar PV modules under clean and polluted conditions. Results indicated that Graphene dust exhibits severe UV light absorbance, and its crystalline form increases light reflectance from the surfaces of the modules. However, Silica and natural dust showed a little UV absorbance. Among the three types of the solar PV modules, thin-film panel showed the highest degradation under polluted conditions as compared to the other modules. Therefore, thin film solar module is not recommended for areas with high density of dust.
荒漠化和工业污染环境会大大降低光伏电池的性能。光伏组件表面积聚的灰尘会部分阻碍入射光，从而降低光能到电能的转换。灰尘的特性在恶化太阳能系统性能方面起着重要作用。因此，本文对积尘层的紫外线吸收率、透光率和反射率进行了广泛研究。对灰尘进行了表征，重点是三种灰尘（石墨烯、二氧化硅和天然灰尘）的光谱和晶体学特性，以评估三种太阳能光伏组件（单晶、多晶和薄膜）输出功率的衰减率。分光光度法分析测定了三种灰尘的紫外线吸收率和透光率。还进行了 X 射线衍射 (XRD) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 测试，以评估粉尘结晶度对光反射率的影响。使用实验室规模的装置检测了三种太阳能光伏组件在清洁和污染条件下的性能。结果表明，石墨烯粉尘具有很强的紫外线吸收能力，其结晶形式增加了组件表面的光反射率。然而，二氧化硅和天然灰尘的紫外线吸收率较低。在三种类型的太阳能光伏组件中，与其他组件相比，薄膜太阳能电池板在污染条件下的衰减程度最高。因此，不建议在灰尘密度高的地区使用薄膜太阳能模块。
{"title":"The Effect of Graphene, Silica, And Natural Dust Particles On The Performances of Multiple Types Of Solar Photovoltaic Modules","authors":"I. A. Dahham, M. A. A. Mohd Zainuri, Ali Abdulabbas Abdullah, Mohd Faizal Fauzan, Qais Hamid Jeflawe","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-13","url":null,"abstract":"Desertification and industrial pollution environment can significantly degrade photovoltaic cells performance. Accumulated dust on the surface of a photovoltaic module can partially hinder incident light and consequently degrade optical to electrical energy conversion. Dust properties play a major role in deteriorating solar system performance. Thus, this paper presents extensive investigations on the UV- absorbance, light transmittance and reflectance through an accumulated dust layer. Dust characterization; focusing on its spectral and crystallographic properties of three types of dust (Graphene, Silica, and natural), was carried out to evaluate the degradation rate of the output power for three types of solar PV modules (monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and thin-film). Spectrophotometric analysis was conducted to determine UV light absorbance and light transmittance through the three types of dust. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of dust crystallinity on light reflectance. A lab-scale setup was used to examine the performances of the three solar PV modules under clean and polluted conditions. Results indicated that Graphene dust exhibits severe UV light absorbance, and its crystalline form increases light reflectance from the surfaces of the modules. However, Silica and natural dust showed a little UV absorbance. Among the three types of the solar PV modules, thin-film panel showed the highest degradation under polluted conditions as compared to the other modules. Therefore, thin film solar module is not recommended for areas with high density of dust.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139208166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-16
Mohamad Azwan Zahari, Muhammad Hafeez Osman, Salina Alias
Deterioration of geo-environmental quality caused by the heavy metal in contaminated soil leads to changes in physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of soil. It is important to study the effect of contamination of the geotechnical properties of soil. The main aim of this research is to study the impact of lead and incubation time on polluted soil compressibility. The soil samples were got from Kaolin Malaysia Sdn Bhd in Tapah Perak. The soil samples were spiked with two concentrations of lead nitrate (1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg), and were incubated for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The contaminated samples were created using a mixture of distilled water and lead nitrate. The physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of control and contaminated samples were assessed to analyse the effect of lead nitrate on these properties. Lead nitrate causes the increasing of plastic limit and liquid limit, reduction of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. In addition, the unconfined compressive strength was decreased by 4.2% for 1000mg/kg while 24.3% with 200 mg/kg. This is with increasing concentration of lead nitrate as well as incubation period. Collapsibility increases with increased concentration of lead nitrate and time of incubation due to increased compressibility capacity. The important thing about this study is to provide a database for the future development of the site area contaminated with heavy metals such as landfill, landfill, agriculture and industry.
{"title":"Effect of Lead on Strength Behaviour for Spiked Contaminated Soil","authors":"Mohamad Azwan Zahari, Muhammad Hafeez Osman, Salina Alias","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(6)-16","url":null,"abstract":"Deterioration of geo-environmental quality caused by the heavy metal in contaminated soil leads to changes in physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of soil. It is important to study the effect of contamination of the geotechnical properties of soil. The main aim of this research is to study the impact of lead and incubation time on polluted soil compressibility. The soil samples were got from Kaolin Malaysia Sdn Bhd in Tapah Perak. The soil samples were spiked with two concentrations of lead nitrate (1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg), and were incubated for 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. The contaminated samples were created using a mixture of distilled water and lead nitrate. The physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of control and contaminated samples were assessed to analyse the effect of lead nitrate on these properties. Lead nitrate causes the increasing of plastic limit and liquid limit, reduction of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content. In addition, the unconfined compressive strength was decreased by 4.2% for 1000mg/kg while 24.3% with 200 mg/kg. This is with increasing concentration of lead nitrate as well as incubation period. Collapsibility increases with increased concentration of lead nitrate and time of incubation due to increased compressibility capacity. The important thing about this study is to provide a database for the future development of the site area contaminated with heavy metals such as landfill, landfill, agriculture and industry.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139201138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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