Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-10
Chai Teck Jung, Tan Cher Siang, Koh Heng Boon
Half-Scissor Like Elements (H-SLEs) deployable mechanism is the prefab scissor based structural mechanism consists of two bars with bolted connection to enable structure change shape. An experimental investigation on the isolated H-SLEs deployable mechanism under compression axial load was presented. A total of twelve specimens were fabricated in two series with six specimens each series were tested on their strength and stability at deployed configuration. The test specimens in series 1 mm thick C75 section were namely S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 while series 0.75 mm thick C 75 section were namely S7, S8, S9, S10, S11 and S12. The test specimens consist of C 75 and C 100 section which connected with M6, M8 and M10 bolt in grade 8.8. The compression axial load was applied at the center of 3 mm thick loading platform. The experimental results obtained indicated that four types of failure modes observed, i.e. bolt bending failure, section bearing failure, member buckling failure and instability due to horizontal displacement at mid-height of H-SLEs deployable mechanism (Bolted joint area). Among these failure modes, bolt bending failure was dominated the overall structure stability and impacts others failure modes indirectly while section thickness has impacted the buckling and bearing failure. The ultimate load capacity over BS EN 1993 design bearing resistance ratio obtained for M10 bolt was satisfactory. Besides, twisted effect observed during load applied also contributed to the failure modes identified. Thus, the H-SLEs deployable mechanism with stiffener with M10 bolt connection is necessary for future research in the application of spatial deployable structure purposes.
{"title":"The Performance of Isolated Half-Scissor Like Elements Mechanism Under Compression Axial Load","authors":"Chai Teck Jung, Tan Cher Siang, Koh Heng Boon","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-10","url":null,"abstract":"Half-Scissor Like Elements (H-SLEs) deployable mechanism is the prefab scissor based structural mechanism consists of two bars with bolted connection to enable structure change shape. An experimental investigation on the isolated H-SLEs deployable mechanism under compression axial load was presented. A total of twelve specimens were fabricated in two series with six specimens each series were tested on their strength and stability at deployed configuration. The test specimens in series 1 mm thick C75 section were namely S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6 while series 0.75 mm thick C 75 section were namely S7, S8, S9, S10, S11 and S12. The test specimens consist of C 75 and C 100 section which connected with M6, M8 and M10 bolt in grade 8.8. The compression axial load was applied at the center of 3 mm thick loading platform. The experimental results obtained indicated that four types of failure modes observed, i.e. bolt bending failure, section bearing failure, member buckling failure and instability due to horizontal displacement at mid-height of H-SLEs deployable mechanism (Bolted joint area). Among these failure modes, bolt bending failure was dominated the overall structure stability and impacts others failure modes indirectly while section thickness has impacted the buckling and bearing failure. The ultimate load capacity over BS EN 1993 design bearing resistance ratio obtained for M10 bolt was satisfactory. Besides, twisted effect observed during load applied also contributed to the failure modes identified. Thus, the H-SLEs deployable mechanism with stiffener with M10 bolt connection is necessary for future research in the application of spatial deployable structure purposes.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The discovery of the Covid-19 virus in China at the end of 2019 has drastically altered the global landscape. The virus, which has now become a pandemic, has wrought devastation on the world, infecting over 500 million people and killing over 6 million. The virus’s mutation into a few variations, however, has enabled the world’s alarming situation to continue until now. Airborne particles and viruses including the new Covid-19 variant - Omricon, is not only extremely contagious but also can be transferred by airborne transmission, putting vulnerable people like children at risk, particularly in classrooms. Amongst the strategies to control airborne transmission of viruses and to improve indoor thermal and air quality is using ventilation strategies - such as dynamic insulation. Thus, this paper will review at how dynamic insulation systems in conventional farming and residential buildings, cleanrooms and other controlled environments work to reduce airborne viruses and particles in a room. An innovative “Airhouse” concept that combines with activated carbon has been researched and investigated with regard to the dynamic insulation systems.This system has a high potential to reduce the air temperature, humidity, and airborne viruses including Covid-19 whilst maintaining a steady airflow rate in a normal room. Therefore, it has a great deal of potential to decrease or eliminate concerns about the transmission of airborne viruses and adapt ventilation systems to new pandemic threats.
{"title":"Dynamic Insulation Systems to Control Airborne Transmission of Viruses in Classrooms: A Review of ‘Airhouse’ Concept","authors":"Mohd Firrdhaus Mohd-Sahabuddin, Ammar Sadik Dahlan, Azli Mohamad Jamil, Firdaus Muhammad-Sukki","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-04","url":null,"abstract":"The discovery of the Covid-19 virus in China at the end of 2019 has drastically altered the global landscape. The virus, which has now become a pandemic, has wrought devastation on the world, infecting over 500 million people and killing over 6 million. The virus’s mutation into a few variations, however, has enabled the world’s alarming situation to continue until now. Airborne particles and viruses including the new Covid-19 variant - Omricon, is not only extremely contagious but also can be transferred by airborne transmission, putting vulnerable people like children at risk, particularly in classrooms. Amongst the strategies to control airborne transmission of viruses and to improve indoor thermal and air quality is using ventilation strategies - such as dynamic insulation. Thus, this paper will review at how dynamic insulation systems in conventional farming and residential buildings, cleanrooms and other controlled environments work to reduce airborne viruses and particles in a room. An innovative “Airhouse” concept that combines with activated carbon has been researched and investigated with regard to the dynamic insulation systems.This system has a high potential to reduce the air temperature, humidity, and airborne viruses including Covid-19 whilst maintaining a steady airflow rate in a normal room. Therefore, it has a great deal of potential to decrease or eliminate concerns about the transmission of airborne viruses and adapt ventilation systems to new pandemic threats.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-23
Tehrim Ijaz, Muhammad Ismail, Syed Mustafa Haider, Muhammad Zeeshan Rafique, Syeda Hadika Jamshaid
Advancement in the manufacturing sector has attained a dominate interest from the researchers as well as the industrialists, for attaining the more products efficiencies. The concept of Lean Manufacturing set the cornerstone for excellence in manufacturing sector by improving the production times and reducing the non-value-added processes. In 2011, the concept of Industry 4.0 pivoted the concept of automation in factories to complement the production improvement processes. The under developing countries such as Pakistan, the manufacturing sector is run with the conventional manufacturing practices, which yields the products of lower quality and much time is being wasted resulting in overall poor efficiency. Moreover, those industries which want to improve their processes are not very much certain, about the methodologies they shall implement. In this research study, the authors have used the mathematical modelling approach of Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP) to recognise the pertinent Industry 4.0 technologies and lean perceptions – this technique empowers opportunity of organizing and analysing the intricate decisions for a strong understanding. By using Value Stream Mapping and Automation in a simulation-based case study, improvements of 44.70% in lead time, 17% in value added time and 45.25% in non-value-added time were witnessed. This research explores the avenue of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), based decision making in Industry 4.0 related environments. It will provide clarity to academicians regarding the integration of lean and Industry 4.0 through optimized and logical selection of relevant approaches, in addition to aiding practitioners in intelligent decision making.
{"title":"Production Enhancement through Integration of Lean, Life Cycle Assessment & Industry 4.0","authors":"Tehrim Ijaz, Muhammad Ismail, Syed Mustafa Haider, Muhammad Zeeshan Rafique, Syeda Hadika Jamshaid","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-23","url":null,"abstract":"Advancement in the manufacturing sector has attained a dominate interest from the researchers as well as the industrialists, for attaining the more products efficiencies. The concept of Lean Manufacturing set the cornerstone for excellence in manufacturing sector by improving the production times and reducing the non-value-added processes. In 2011, the concept of Industry 4.0 pivoted the concept of automation in factories to complement the production improvement processes. The under developing countries such as Pakistan, the manufacturing sector is run with the conventional manufacturing practices, which yields the products of lower quality and much time is being wasted resulting in overall poor efficiency. Moreover, those industries which want to improve their processes are not very much certain, about the methodologies they shall implement. In this research study, the authors have used the mathematical modelling approach of Analytical Hierarchy Processes (AHP) to recognise the pertinent Industry 4.0 technologies and lean perceptions – this technique empowers opportunity of organizing and analysing the intricate decisions for a strong understanding. By using Value Stream Mapping and Automation in a simulation-based case study, improvements of 44.70% in lead time, 17% in value added time and 45.25% in non-value-added time were witnessed. This research explores the avenue of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM), based decision making in Industry 4.0 related environments. It will provide clarity to academicians regarding the integration of lean and Industry 4.0 through optimized and logical selection of relevant approaches, in addition to aiding practitioners in intelligent decision making.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-22
Aioub Guha, Gabriel Assaf
This paper investigates the addition of different percentages of ordinary Portland cement as a filler in conventional asphalt concrete for a range of heavy traffic. Road pavement agencies in hot areas face the daunting challenge of preserving their pavements in a fair to good condition to increase their lifespan. This challenge is due to the high occurrence of permanent pavement deformation via rutting, which is one of the major distress factors influencing pavements. This is a particularly serious issue in hot and arid countries which are closely associated with various aggravating factors. These aggravating factors include the choice of bitumen binder viscosity, the type of bitumen, the available low-quality materials, and the high environmental temperatures. Ultimately, poor performance will show within the first few years of service as permanent deformations such as rutting, shoving, and depressions. The examined properties include the resilient modulus and the resistance to rutting. Findings indicate that the resistance to rutting and the rigidity of the asphalt concrete are both substantially increased as the cement content is increased. Moreover, to meet the heavy traffic spectrum requirements, increasing the embedded cement content in the asphalt concrete improves pavement structural capacity. Finally, based on the rigidity expected for different cement levels, design curves are provided for pavement design in hot climates using low quality aggregate materials.
{"title":"Using Cement as Filler to Enhance Asphalt Mixes Performance in Hot Climate Regions","authors":"Aioub Guha, Gabriel Assaf","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-22","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the addition of different percentages of ordinary Portland cement as a filler in conventional asphalt concrete for a range of heavy traffic. Road pavement agencies in hot areas face the daunting challenge of preserving their pavements in a fair to good condition to increase their lifespan. This challenge is due to the high occurrence of permanent pavement deformation via rutting, which is one of the major distress factors influencing pavements. This is a particularly serious issue in hot and arid countries which are closely associated with various aggravating factors. These aggravating factors include the choice of bitumen binder viscosity, the type of bitumen, the available low-quality materials, and the high environmental temperatures. Ultimately, poor performance will show within the first few years of service as permanent deformations such as rutting, shoving, and depressions. The examined properties include the resilient modulus and the resistance to rutting. Findings indicate that the resistance to rutting and the rigidity of the asphalt concrete are both substantially increased as the cement content is increased. Moreover, to meet the heavy traffic spectrum requirements, increasing the embedded cement content in the asphalt concrete improves pavement structural capacity. Finally, based on the rigidity expected for different cement levels, design curves are provided for pavement design in hot climates using low quality aggregate materials.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-18
Siti Najihah Abdul Salam, Dayana Hazwani Mohd Suadi Nata, Shamsul Bahri Md Tamrin
Agriculture has the highest number of occupational accident cases reported to the Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Malaysia in 2022. The most serious concern is a head injury, which can lead to serious injury or death. Because of the fundamental issue of discomfort, the current level of safety helmet usage is extremely low. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of acceptance of a new safety helmet design. This single group pre and post-test study were conducted on 124 harvesters in three Johor palm oil plantations by using a modified structured questionnaire. A training session on proper helmet use was conducted via video presentation. For three days, harvesters wore the new safety helmet design. Field observation was conducted on the practice item for the post-test. Descriptive analysis shows harvesters have a high score for knowledge, attitude, and practice. There is no significant difference (p>0.05) in practice before and after the implementation of training. There is a significant increase (p<0.001) in the acceptance level of the parameter (comfort, safety, ventilation, peak, fit, design, and heat) of the new safety helmet design on day 1, day 3 and day 6 among palm oil plantation harvesters. Overall, the harvesters have high knowledge, attitude and practice level and the new safety helmet design is well accepted by the harvesters. Training session implemented is helpful, however, the module needs to be improvised to increase the practice level.
{"title":"The Acceptance Level of New Safety Helmet Design among Palm Oil Plantation Harvesters in Johor, Malaysia","authors":"Siti Najihah Abdul Salam, Dayana Hazwani Mohd Suadi Nata, Shamsul Bahri Md Tamrin","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-18","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture has the highest number of occupational accident cases reported to the Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Malaysia in 2022. The most serious concern is a head injury, which can lead to serious injury or death. Because of the fundamental issue of discomfort, the current level of safety helmet usage is extremely low. The purpose of this study is to determine the level of acceptance of a new safety helmet design. This single group pre and post-test study were conducted on 124 harvesters in three Johor palm oil plantations by using a modified structured questionnaire. A training session on proper helmet use was conducted via video presentation. For three days, harvesters wore the new safety helmet design. Field observation was conducted on the practice item for the post-test. Descriptive analysis shows harvesters have a high score for knowledge, attitude, and practice. There is no significant difference (p>0.05) in practice before and after the implementation of training. There is a significant increase (p<0.001) in the acceptance level of the parameter (comfort, safety, ventilation, peak, fit, design, and heat) of the new safety helmet design on day 1, day 3 and day 6 among palm oil plantation harvesters. Overall, the harvesters have high knowledge, attitude and practice level and the new safety helmet design is well accepted by the harvesters. Training session implemented is helpful, however, the module needs to be improvised to increase the practice level.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135693374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Supply of potable water to every citizen is the prime challenge to many countries. Water purification is done by so many methods but reverse osmosis (RO) process using membrane is extensively used throughout the world. This technology is widely applied to meet potable water quality standard. In this process ground or surface water is used as feed water and pure water and Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC) are formed as product and by product respectively. ROC is discharged in this reverse osmosis process and it contains dissolved inorganic and organic pollutants. RO system permits the separation of water molecules and salts through a semi-permeable membrane by pressure gradient. In household, reverse osmosis unit uses a lot of water as a feed water due to low back pressure system, as a result recovery is less and a lot of water go as waste, which has no further use. RO process discharge water is almost 50% of feed water and it is one of the major drawbacks of this process. The concentration of contaminants in RO reject is influenced by the nature of feed water as well as the kind of membrane being used in RO system along with applied pressure and recovery rate of the system. RO brine is a significant component of desalination plant because there are management issues related to its proper treatment and disposal of the ROC is an important part of sustainable water treatment practice. RO waste water may have catastrophic consequences for water stressed regions and mega cities and it is the biggest task in present time. This review highlights the RO process and reverse osmosis concentrate or rejected water together with their physicochemical parameters, potential risk by using RO concentrate disposal methods and environmental benefits of reusing brine water which can resolve the problem of water scarcity. The study revealed that RO waste water disposal problem can be minimized by reclaiming the RO brine and using it for fish farming, irrigation, producing salt and in brick formation. Hence this manuscript proposes an environmentally friendly approach for sustainable management of RO brine water.
{"title":"RO Reject Water Characteristics, Environmental Impacts and Management","authors":"Jyoti Vaishnav, Prama Esther Soloman, Chhagan Lal, Pankaj Kumar Jain","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-03","url":null,"abstract":"Supply of potable water to every citizen is the prime challenge to many countries. Water purification is done by so many methods but reverse osmosis (RO) process using membrane is extensively used throughout the world. This technology is widely applied to meet potable water quality standard. In this process ground or surface water is used as feed water and pure water and Reverse Osmosis Concentrate (ROC) are formed as product and by product respectively. ROC is discharged in this reverse osmosis process and it contains dissolved inorganic and organic pollutants. RO system permits the separation of water molecules and salts through a semi-permeable membrane by pressure gradient. In household, reverse osmosis unit uses a lot of water as a feed water due to low back pressure system, as a result recovery is less and a lot of water go as waste, which has no further use. RO process discharge water is almost 50% of feed water and it is one of the major drawbacks of this process. The concentration of contaminants in RO reject is influenced by the nature of feed water as well as the kind of membrane being used in RO system along with applied pressure and recovery rate of the system. RO brine is a significant component of desalination plant because there are management issues related to its proper treatment and disposal of the ROC is an important part of sustainable water treatment practice. RO waste water may have catastrophic consequences for water stressed regions and mega cities and it is the biggest task in present time. This review highlights the RO process and reverse osmosis concentrate or rejected water together with their physicochemical parameters, potential risk by using RO concentrate disposal methods and environmental benefits of reusing brine water which can resolve the problem of water scarcity. The study revealed that RO waste water disposal problem can be minimized by reclaiming the RO brine and using it for fish farming, irrigation, producing salt and in brick formation. Hence this manuscript proposes an environmentally friendly approach for sustainable management of RO brine water.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"2 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-07
Rufaizal Che Mamat, Azuin Ramli, Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi
Soil shear strength is an essential engineering characteristic used in designing and evaluating geotechnical structures. In this study, we intend to analyse and compare the performance of the Genetic Algorithm - Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (GANFIS) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in predicting the strength of soft clay. Case studies of 144 soft clay soil samples from Sarang Buaya, Semerah, Malaysia, were utilised to generate training and testing datasets for developing and validating models. RMSE and R have been employed to validate and compare the models. The GANFIS has the highest prediction capability (RMSE=0.042 and R=0.850), while the ANN has the lowest (RMSE=0.065 and R=0.49). From a comparison of the two models, it can be stated that GANFIS is the most promising technique for predicting the strength of soft clay.
{"title":"Shear Strength Prediction of Treated Soft Clay with Sugarcane Bagasse Ash Using Artificial Intelligence Methods","authors":"Rufaizal Che Mamat, Azuin Ramli, Sri Atmaja P. Rosyidi","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-07","url":null,"abstract":"Soil shear strength is an essential engineering characteristic used in designing and evaluating geotechnical structures. In this study, we intend to analyse and compare the performance of the Genetic Algorithm - Adaptive Network-based Fuzzy Inference System (GANFIS) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in predicting the strength of soft clay. Case studies of 144 soft clay soil samples from Sarang Buaya, Semerah, Malaysia, were utilised to generate training and testing datasets for developing and validating models. RMSE and R have been employed to validate and compare the models. The GANFIS has the highest prediction capability (RMSE=0.042 and R=0.850), while the ANN has the lowest (RMSE=0.065 and R=0.49). From a comparison of the two models, it can be stated that GANFIS is the most promising technique for predicting the strength of soft clay.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-15
Norliza Mohd Akhir, Shuhaida Harun, Naeem Aziz Memon, Abdalrhman Milad, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhamad Nazri Borhan, Nur Izzi Md Yusoff
This paper presents the results of an investigation to evaluate the effect of Palm Oil Boiler Ash (POBA) and a chemical warm mix additive, Rediset on the physicochemical and thermal properties of bituminous binders. Modified binder preparation was carried out by varying the composition of POBA (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) and Rediset with 2% by total weight of the binder, into a 60/70 penetration grade of bitumen through a wet mixing method. The physicochemical properties of the POBA/Rediset modified binders were examined using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), while the thermal analysis was conducted using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques. Based on FTIR analysis, POBA/Rediset modified binders have almost similar functional groups as for the control sample (0%) which indicate the compatibility of POBA in the bituminous binder. Meanwhile, the thermos-grams shows an insignificant effect of POBA on the thermal stability of the binder. Overall, the inclusion of POBA as bitumen modifier in warm mix asphalt (WMA) for pavement construction is a promising and potential alternative in lowering the asphalt production temperature without compromising the binder properties.
{"title":"Microstructural and Thermal Analysis of Warm-Modified Bitumen with Palm Oil Boiler Ash","authors":"Norliza Mohd Akhir, Shuhaida Harun, Naeem Aziz Memon, Abdalrhman Milad, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhamad Nazri Borhan, Nur Izzi Md Yusoff","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-15","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of an investigation to evaluate the effect of Palm Oil Boiler Ash (POBA) and a chemical warm mix additive, Rediset on the physicochemical and thermal properties of bituminous binders. Modified binder preparation was carried out by varying the composition of POBA (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9%) and Rediset with 2% by total weight of the binder, into a 60/70 penetration grade of bitumen through a wet mixing method. The physicochemical properties of the POBA/Rediset modified binders were examined using Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR), while the thermal analysis was conducted using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) techniques. Based on FTIR analysis, POBA/Rediset modified binders have almost similar functional groups as for the control sample (0%) which indicate the compatibility of POBA in the bituminous binder. Meanwhile, the thermos-grams shows an insignificant effect of POBA on the thermal stability of the binder. Overall, the inclusion of POBA as bitumen modifier in warm mix asphalt (WMA) for pavement construction is a promising and potential alternative in lowering the asphalt production temperature without compromising the binder properties.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-24
Nur Nabila Natasyahani Hairul, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid, Rozmi Ismail, Rosniza Aznie Che Rose, Zurinah Tahir, Nur Atiqah Suparjo Noordin, Charli Sitinjak
Vehicle manufacturers usually want their vehicles to last for 10 years, so vehicles that exceed this period are classified as End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV). Widespread use of ELVs can lead to environmental pollution. A framework for ELV management should be designed to address this problem. The aim of this research is to learn about ELV -related legislation and its implementation in foreign countries, as well as to measure public evaluation of the implementation of ELV recycling in Malaysia. The study includes a review of the literature that has been adopted in foreign countries, as well as a survey of 200 respondents. Data were analyzed descriptively using Cronbach’s Alpha reliability and factor exploratory analysis (EFA) using SPSS details. The results of the analysis found that the Cronbach’s Alpha value obtained was 0.925, which is more than 0.70. Results from the exploratory factor analysis showed eight factors with Eigen values exceeding 1.0, KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) values were 0.792 and 0.881 exceeding 0.50 and Bartlett test showed significant values of p < 0.05, indicating items in the solid waste management knowledge section and ELV, community readiness and community attitudes were sufficient to implement the analytical factors.
{"title":"Factor Analysis of End-of-Life Vehicle Policy Evaluation","authors":"Nur Nabila Natasyahani Hairul, Muhamad Razuhanafi Mat Yazid, Rozmi Ismail, Rosniza Aznie Che Rose, Zurinah Tahir, Nur Atiqah Suparjo Noordin, Charli Sitinjak","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-24","url":null,"abstract":"Vehicle manufacturers usually want their vehicles to last for 10 years, so vehicles that exceed this period are classified as End-of-Life Vehicles (ELV). Widespread use of ELVs can lead to environmental pollution. A framework for ELV management should be designed to address this problem. The aim of this research is to learn about ELV -related legislation and its implementation in foreign countries, as well as to measure public evaluation of the implementation of ELV recycling in Malaysia. The study includes a review of the literature that has been adopted in foreign countries, as well as a survey of 200 respondents. Data were analyzed descriptively using Cronbach’s Alpha reliability and factor exploratory analysis (EFA) using SPSS details. The results of the analysis found that the Cronbach’s Alpha value obtained was 0.925, which is more than 0.70. Results from the exploratory factor analysis showed eight factors with Eigen values exceeding 1.0, KMO (Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin) values were 0.792 and 0.881 exceeding 0.50 and Bartlett test showed significant values of p < 0.05, indicating items in the solid waste management knowledge section and ELV, community readiness and community attitudes were sufficient to implement the analytical factors.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"133 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-30DOI: 10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-19
Ike Ubadinanwa Elvis, Ike Charles Chinwuba
In a bid to minimize the adverse effects of agricultural waste materials in the environment and also encourage for its optimal usage, this study aims at developing model constants for optimizing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Lateritic Soils stabilized with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) using Scheffe’s method. The study practically involved sampling of the materials, laboratory testing and model formulation. The natural soil was subjected to standardized laboratory testing to determine its index and Engineering properties. The scheffe’s method provided mix ratios for the three mix components (lateritic soil, RHA and water) involved in the mix design. The method also employs the use of second-degree polynomials to generate the model constants. The CBR of the soil was the primary property of the soil considered in the study therefore, a CBR test was conducted on the natural soil and modified soil. The optimization technique carried out gave an optimal mix observed to be of mix ratio 1: 1.70: 0.25 for lateritic soil, RHA and water with a CBR value of 30%. The model formulated was further subjected to validation using the F-test and T-test statistical method and it was found adequate at a confidence level of 95%. Hence, the null hypothesis (H0 ) was adopted. The formulated model being adequate can be used exclusively to predict the CBR of Lateritic soil Stabilized with Rice Husk Ash within the same locality.
{"title":"Optimization of the California Bearing Ratio of Lateritic Soil Stabilized with Rice Husk Ash using Scheffe’s Method","authors":"Ike Ubadinanwa Elvis, Ike Charles Chinwuba","doi":"10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17576/jkukm-2023-35(3)-19","url":null,"abstract":"In a bid to minimize the adverse effects of agricultural waste materials in the environment and also encourage for its optimal usage, this study aims at developing model constants for optimizing the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of Lateritic Soils stabilized with Rice Husk Ash (RHA) using Scheffe’s method. The study practically involved sampling of the materials, laboratory testing and model formulation. The natural soil was subjected to standardized laboratory testing to determine its index and Engineering properties. The scheffe’s method provided mix ratios for the three mix components (lateritic soil, RHA and water) involved in the mix design. The method also employs the use of second-degree polynomials to generate the model constants. The CBR of the soil was the primary property of the soil considered in the study therefore, a CBR test was conducted on the natural soil and modified soil. The optimization technique carried out gave an optimal mix observed to be of mix ratio 1: 1.70: 0.25 for lateritic soil, RHA and water with a CBR value of 30%. The model formulated was further subjected to validation using the F-test and T-test statistical method and it was found adequate at a confidence level of 95%. Hence, the null hypothesis (H0 ) was adopted. The formulated model being adequate can be used exclusively to predict the CBR of Lateritic soil Stabilized with Rice Husk Ash within the same locality.","PeriodicalId":17688,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Kejuruteraan","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135691825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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