Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献_第10页

Purification and characterization of extracellular pectinase produced by a newly isolated strain, Aspergillus cervinus ARS2 and its potential application in Citrus sinensis juice clarification 一株新分离的cervinus Aspergillus ARS2细胞外果胶酶的纯化、特性及其在柑桔果汁澄清中的潜在应用

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100446

Anil R. Shet, Sharanappa Achappa, Shivalingsarj V. Desai

This study investigates the purification and characterization of pectinase synthesized by a newly isolated strain, Aspergillus cervinus ARS2, using solid-state fermentation. The crude pectinase, exhibiting a total activity of 5408 IU and a protein content of 214 mg, underwent a systematic purification process that resulted in a purification fold of 1.33 for membrane filtration (50 kDa cut-off), 2.52 for ammonium salt precipitation, 5.77 for dialysis, and an impressive 24.17 for gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G-75 column), culminating in a purified pectinase with a molecular weight of 37 kDa as determined by sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Characterization of the purified pectinase revealed an optimal incubation time of 40 min, an incubation pH of 4, and stability in acidic conditions (pH 4) over a 5-h storage period. The enzyme exhibited an optimal incubation temperature of 35 °C and maintained stability under the same conditions for 5 h. Kinetic analysis indicated a Michaelis- Menten constant (K_m) of 0.78 mg/mL and a maximum velocity (V_max) of 111.12 IU/mL. The purified enzyme was immobilized using a polyvinyl alcohol-alginate encapsulation method and subsequently utilized in the clarification of Citrus sinensis (orange) juice. Optimization of the juice clarification process, employing full factorial design (FFD) and response surface methodology (RSM), identified optimal conditions of 39.09 °C incubation temperature, 62.12 min incubation time, and an enzyme load of 3.33 mL. These parameters achieved juice clarity of 45.24 ± 1.68 %. These results underscore the potential of the pectinase produced by A. cervinus ARS2 to address the growing demands of the fruit juice industry.

本研究研究了新分离菌株cervinus Aspergillus ARS2固态发酵合成的果胶酶的纯化和特性。粗果胶酶的总活性为5408 IU，蛋白质含量为214 mg，经过系统的纯化过程，膜过滤的纯化倍数为1.33 （50 kDa截止），铵盐沉淀的纯化倍数为2.52，透析的纯化倍数为5.77，凝胶过滤色谱（Sephadex G-75柱）的纯化倍数为令人印象深刻的24.17。经十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）测定，最终得到分子量为37 kDa的纯化果胶酶。纯化的果胶酶的特性表明，最佳孵育时间为40分钟，孵育pH为4，在酸性条件下（pH 4）储存5小时。该酶的最佳孵育温度为35℃，在相同条件下可保持5 h的稳定性。动力学分析表明，该酶的Michaelis- Menten常数（Km）为0.78 mg/mL，最大速度（Vmax）为111.12 IU/mL。纯化后的酶采用聚乙烯醇-海藻酸盐包封法进行固定化，随后用于柑桔汁的澄清。采用全因子设计（FFD）和响应面法（RSM）对果汁澄清工艺进行优化，确定最佳条件为培养温度39.09℃，培养时间62.12 min，酶量3.33 mL，使果汁澄清率达到45.24±1.68%。这些结果强调了A. cervinus ARS2产生的果胶酶在解决果汁行业日益增长的需求方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

A review on recent insights on cardiovascular diseases drug design using natural products and in silico studies 综述利用天然产物和计算机研究的心血管疾病药物设计的最新见解

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100438

Sylvester Nnaemeka Ugariogu , Naser F. Al-Tannak , Samya Sh Alenezi

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, are strongly associated with unhealthy eating habits. Compounds originating from plants, natural products, and balanced diets have been identified as potential remedies for CVDs. Natural products that improve cardiovascular health may include fruits, vegetables, spices, herbs, propolis, honey, and red wine. This review focused on articles published from 2015 onwards from Scopus, Google Scholar, and Pubmed, highlighting key studies on natural products and in silico research for managing CVDs, including their biosynthesis, mode of action, and origins. Overall, this assessment indicated that in silico research and natural products have been useful in providing insightful cures for some CVDs, but they still have a lot of unrealized potential. Some of the target proteins and protein databank identification numbers that may be utilized in in silico research for cardiovascular disorders were displayed.

心血管疾病是发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一，与不健康的饮食习惯密切相关。来自植物、天然产物和均衡饮食的化合物已被确定为心血管疾病的潜在补救措施。改善心血管健康的天然产品可能包括水果、蔬菜、香料、草药、蜂胶、蜂蜜和红酒。本综述集中于Scopus、谷歌Scholar和Pubmed自2015年以来发表的文章，重点介绍了cvd管理的天然产物和计算机研究的关键研究，包括其生物合成、作用方式和起源。总的来说，这一评估表明，硅研究和天然产物在为一些心血管疾病提供有见地的治疗方面是有用的，但它们仍有许多未实现的潜力。显示了一些可用于心血管疾病计算机研究的靶蛋白和蛋白质数据库识别码。

引用次数: 0

Studies on the antibacterial potentials and phytochemical properties of Tectona grandis leaf extracts on some bacterial isolates 大构造草叶提取物对部分细菌分离物的抑菌活性及植物化学性质研究

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100432

Florence Tolulope Onifade, Ololade Omolara Bamigbade, Toyosi Teniola Sotala, Olufunke Anthonia Oluduro

The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effects of the crude extracts and partially purified fractions from Tectona grandis (teak) leaves on various clinical and environmental bacterial isolates, as well as to determine the plant's phytochemical components. The crude extract of Tectona grandis leaf powder (TgCE) was obtained by maceration in methanol, concentration, and then partitioning into n-hexane, dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, and aqueous methanol fractions (in increasing order of polarity). The extract and fractions were assayed on the bacterial isolates under study together with standard antibiotics as reference. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated using the agar-well diffusion method, and the rate of kill of the active n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions was assessed on the Gram-positive and negative bacteria that were most susceptible to these fractions. Phytochemical analysis was carried out on the crude methanol extract, and the toxicity assay was performed usingthe brine shrimp test. Results showed that TgCE maintained high activity at 35 mg/ml concentration (P < 0.001), against most test bacteria that exhibited multiple antibiotic resistance index (MARI) greater than 0.2 and up to 0.75 when exposed to standard antibiotics. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude extract ranged from 0.55 to 4.38 mg/ml while the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) range was 1.09 to 8.75 mg/ml. The most active fractions were the n-hexane and ethyl acetate, with MBC/MIC ratio ranges of 1.98 to 2.01 which is indicative of bactericidal activity, and also, the bacterial kill accumulated with increase in concentration of these fractions and time. Phytochemicals present in T. grandis include flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins, sterols, saponins, phenols, and anthroquinones, and from the toxicity analysis, its LC50 (lethal concentration 50) was estimated at 71.02 mg/ml. In conclusion, the crude extract and fractions of Tectona grandis leaf possess potent antibacterial properties that can be explored as important resource for the synthesis of de novo antibiotics with future relevance in the therapeutic management of infectious diseases.

本研究旨在评价大柚木叶粗提物和部分纯化组分对临床和环境中各种细菌分离株的抑菌作用，并测定该植物的植物化学成分。采用甲醇浸渍、浓缩、正己烷组分、二氯甲烷组分、乙酸乙酯组分和甲醇水溶液组分（极性由高到低）的方法，得到大叶粉粗提物（TgCE）。并以标准抗生素为对照，对所分离细菌的提取物和组分进行测定。采用琼脂孔扩散法评价活性正己烷和乙酸乙酯组分对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌最敏感菌的抑菌效果，评价活性正己烷和乙酸乙酯组分对革兰氏阳性菌和阴性菌的杀灭率。对粗甲醇提取物进行植物化学分析，并采用卤虾试验进行毒性试验。结果表明，TgCE在35 mg/ml浓度下保持较高的活性(P <；0.001)，对暴露于标准抗生素时表现出多重抗生素耐药指数（MARI）大于0.2，高达0.75的大多数测试细菌。粗提物的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）为0.55 ~ 4.38 mg/ml，最小杀菌浓度（MBC）为1.09 ~ 8.75 mg/ml。活性组分为正己烷和乙酸乙酯，MBC/MIC比值在1.98 ~ 2.01之间，具有较强的杀菌活性，且其杀菌效果随浓度和时间的增加而增加。黄芪中含有黄酮类、生物碱类、萜类、单宁类、甾醇类、皂苷类、酚类和蒽醌类等植物化学物质，毒性分析估计其LC50（致死浓度50）为71.02 mg/ml。综上所述，大构造叶的粗提物和组分具有较强的抗菌性能，可作为合成新抗生素的重要资源，在感染性疾病的治疗管理中具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling off-stream reservoir using rainfall-runoff transformation and satellite rainfall data in Liliba and Manikin watersheds of Indonesia 利用降雨径流转换和卫星降雨数据对印度尼西亚利利巴和曼尼金流域的下游水库进行建模

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100431

Yulius Patrisius Kau Suni , Joko Sujono , Istiarto

Rainwater harvesting (RWH) techniques have become a crucial aspect of human life, enabling the provision of water for household and agricultural needs. Embung, a popular RWH technique in Indonesia's semi-arid regions, has a limited capacity and poses a risk of sedimentation, rendering it unreliable for drought mitigation. An alternative is an off-stream reservoir. It has benefits, including possible placement in locations with less social problems. Reservoirs off-stream have less sedimentation. This study employed Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) for the period of 2014–2021 in rainfall-runoff simulations along with the Soil Moisture Accounting (SMA) method of Hydrologic Engineering Center's Hydrologic Modelling System (HEC-HMS) to assess the reliability of off-stream reservoirs in conserving water in Liliba and Manikin watersheds, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara province of Indonesia. The statistical requirements for calibration and validation include the coefficient of determination (R² > 0.40), Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE >0.40), root mean square error (RMSE)-standard deviation ratio of research data, or RSR (<0.70), and percent bias (PBIAS <30). During calibration, only the percent bias parameter was qualified as excellent (4.01 %), while the other statistical requirements were not met. However, in the validation process, all statistical requirements met satisfactory rating. The results demonstrate that rainfall-runoff simulation could be performed using the GSMaP data in conjunction with the SMA loss method; however, adjustments to HEC-HMS parameters are necessary based on analysis duration and local conditions. The study's modelling indicates that, for five months and three weeks during the dry season in the wet year (2021) and for four months and three weeks during the dry year (2016), water from the off-stream reservoir can supply 5063 residents' household needs in addition to 10 ha of horticultural cultivation. Therefore, the study recommends the utilization of GSMaP satellite data in the inflow simulation of off-stream reservoirs employing the SMA method, particularly in locations lacking adequate rainfall data.

雨水收集（RWH）技术已经成为人类生活的一个重要方面，能够为家庭和农业需求提供水。Embung是印度尼西亚半干旱地区流行的一种RWH技术，它的能力有限，而且有沉积的风险，因此在缓解干旱方面不可靠。另一种选择是建一个离河水库。它有好处，包括可能被安置在社会问题较少的地方。下游水库的沉积较少。本研究采用2014-2021年全球降水卫星测绘（GSMaP）和水文工程中心水文模拟系统（HEC-HMS）的土壤水分核算（SMA）方法，对印尼东努沙登加拉省古邦利里巴和曼尼金流域的下游水库保水可靠性进行了评估。校准和验证的统计要求包括决定系数(R2 >；0.40)、Nash-Sutcliffe效率（NSE >0.40）、研究数据的均方根误差(RMSE)-标准差比（RSR）（<0.70）和百分比偏差（PBIAS <30）。校正过程中，只有偏差百分比参数为优（4.01%），其他统计要求均不满足。然而，在验证过程中，所有的统计要求都达到了满意的评级。结果表明：GSMaP数据与SMA损失法相结合，可以进行降雨径流模拟；但是，HEC-HMS参数需要根据分析时间和当地条件进行调整。该研究的模型表明，在湿润年（2021年）的旱季，五个月零三周，在干旱年（2016年），四个月零三周，来自下游水库的水可以满足5063名居民的家庭需求，以及10公顷的园艺种植。因此，本研究建议在采用SMA方法的下游水库入流模拟中使用GSMaP卫星数据，特别是在缺乏足够降雨数据的地区。

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引用次数: 0

Biocontrol effect of ginger glycoprotein and essential oil against Vicia faba damping-off caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani 生姜糖蛋白和精油对枯萎菌和枯丝核菌致蚕豆枯萎病的防效研究

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100437

Hossam S. El-Beltagi , Ali Osman , Mahmoud Sitohy , Hayfa Habes Almutairi , Eman Eldesouky , Entsar Abbas , Ahmed Mahmoud Ismail , Hazem S. Elshafie , Ippolito Camele

The Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani are destructive soil-borne pathogens worldwide, significantly impacting crop yields and quality. Synthetic fungicides are usually used for their control despite their adverse environmental and human health impacts. Therefore, there is a growing interest in discovering natural alternatives to synthetic pesticides. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of ginger glycoprotein and essential oil (EO) as antifungal agents against R. solani and F. solani, correlated with diseases that cause root decay and wilt in Vicia faba L. An in vitro trial assessed the antifungal efficacy of ginger EO and glycoprotein singularly (at 10 and 25 μg/mL) compared to Rizolex-T 50 WP (at 25, 50, and 75 μg/mL) against F. solani and R. solani mycelium growth. Whereas, the in vivo trial evaluated the efficacy of ginger EO and glycoprotein at 50 and 100 μg/mL, compared to Rizolex-T 50 WP at 50 μg/mL, in reducing pre- and post-emergence damping-off percentages. Sodium dodecyl-sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and particle size distribution were carried out to characterize seed glycoprotein. SDS-PAGE of the glycoprotein indicated two bands corresponding to 35 and 29 KDa. An HPLC examination of the glycoprotein carbohydrate component identified glucose, mannose, and fructose. GC-MS analysis of the components of EO identified 28 majors’ substances. R. solani and F. solani mycelial proliferation was dose-dependently inhibited by both EO and glycoprotein. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), used for investigating eventually morphological changes in tested fungi after treatment. In the in vivo test, it was seen that both EO and glycoprotein at 50 and 100 μg/mL made the symptoms caused by the tested fungi a lot less severe compared to the control. The results showed that ginger glycoprotein and essential oil might be able to be used instead of synthetic fungicides to treat V. faba damping off.

枯萎菌和枯丝核菌是世界范围内具有破坏性的土传病原体，严重影响作物产量和品质。尽管合成杀菌剂对环境和人类健康有不利影响，但它们通常被用于控制它们。因此，人们对寻找合成农药的天然替代品越来越感兴趣。本研究旨在评价生姜糖蛋白和精油（EO）对蚕豆根腐病和枯萎病相关病原菌solani和F. solani的抑菌效果。通过体外试验，比较单独使用生姜糖蛋白和糖蛋白（10和25 μg/mL）与rizolx - t50 WP（25、50和75 μg/mL）对F. solani和R. solani菌丝体生长的抑菌效果。然而，体内试验评估了50和100 μg/mL的生姜EO和糖蛋白的效果，与50 μg/mL的利唑列- t50 WP相比，降低了出现前和出现后的衰减百分比。采用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、高效液相色谱（HPLC）和粒径分布等方法对种子糖蛋白进行表征。糖蛋白的SDS-PAGE显示了35和29 KDa对应的两条条带。用高效液相色谱法检测糖蛋白碳水化合物成分，鉴定出葡萄糖、甘露糖和果糖。气相色谱-质谱分析鉴定出28种主要成分。EO和糖蛋白均能呈剂量依赖性地抑制茄蚜和茄蚜菌丝的增殖。扫描电子显微镜（SEM），用于研究被试真菌在处理后的最终形态变化。在体内试验中发现，50和100 μg/mL的EO和糖蛋白均使被试真菌引起的症状比对照组轻得多。结果表明，生姜糖蛋白和生姜精油可以代替合成杀菌剂防治蚕豆枯萎病。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of coastal changes in Ashairej promontory: Unraveling anthropogenic influences in Kuwait bay Ashairej海岬海岸变化评估：揭示科威特湾的人为影响

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100436

Adeeba Al-Hurban , Heba Baron , Casey D. Allen , Ahmed Hassan

For almost 40 years, the Ashairej area in Kuwait Bay has been affected by anthropogenic alterations caused by releasing untreated sewage and industrial waste. Related contaminants have affected the Bay's Ocean currents, leading to unnatural sedimentation cycles that have changed the promontory's shape over time. Using both remote sensing and fieldwork, this paper showcases the development of a land-use map for the promontory using change-over-time. Specifically, land use and land cover changes are identified through: (i) outlining changes in Ashairej promontory from 1985 to 2023, (ii) evaluating bay currents' standard circulation patterns, and (iii) determining decay and sedimentation rates along the Ashairej coast. The overarching goal rests in laying the foundation for creating the first basic geographic information systems database for the Ashairej promontory, capable of analyzing temporal coastal anthropogeomorphological changes that can then potentially be generalized for, and extended to, Kuwait's other rapidly expanding coastal areas. The results can help guide officials in efforts to mitigate the study area's human encroachment and give specialists and decision-makers refined and easy-to-understand assessment techniques which can hopefully be applied to future protection efforts of Kuwait's fragile coastal/near-coastal ecosystems.

近40年来，科威特湾的Ashairej地区一直受到未经处理的污水和工业废物排放造成的人为改变的影响。相关污染物影响了海湾的洋流，导致了非自然的沉积循环，随着时间的推移改变了海岬的形状。利用遥感和实地调查，本文展示了使用随时间变化的方法为海岬开发土地利用地图。具体而言，土地利用和土地覆盖的变化是通过以下方式确定的：(i)概述了1985年至2023年Ashairej海角的变化，（ii）评估海湾洋流的标准环流模式，以及（iii）确定Ashairej海岸的衰变和沉积速率。总体目标在于为建立阿沙雷吉角的第一个基本地理信息系统数据库奠定基础，该数据库能够分析沿海人类地貌的时间变化，然后有可能推广并扩展到科威特其他迅速扩大的沿海地区。研究结果可以帮助指导官员努力减轻研究区域的人类入侵，并为专家和决策者提供精炼和易于理解的评估技术，这些技术有望应用于科威特脆弱的沿海/近海岸生态系统的未来保护工作。

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引用次数: 0

A review on the green synthesis of nanoparticles for energy conversion and storage 纳米颗粒能量转换与存储的绿色合成研究进展

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100434

Solomon Oluwaseun Akinnawo

Green synthesis is an important approach to circumvent environmental hazards and provide sustainable energy while achieving reduction in energy consumption and production cost. Green synthesized MnO₂ NPs, TiO₂ NPs, and CuO NPs-based electrodes have been known to exhibit high specific capacitance, ranging from 61 to 139 Fg^-1, 105 to 224 Fg^-1, and 176–328 F g⁻¹ for energy storage in supercapacitors. Moreover, a range from 275 to 699 mAh g⁻¹ discharge capacity has been reported using facile green synthesized Co₃V₂O₈ NPs as electrode material for lithium-ion batteries. Hydrogen as a clean fuel has been notably generated with a high amount of evolution ranging from 268.9 to 310.7 μmolg⁻¹ via water splitting using green-synthesized Co₃O₄ NPs. Comparatively, biogenic Pt-based nanocomposite for fuel cells have been shown to generate higher current density (5.43 mA cm⁻²) than conventionally synthesized Pt nanocubes (0.9 mA cm⁻²) and Pt nanoflowers (2.8 mA cm⁻²). Future studies should focus on addressing challenges such as the high variability in morphological properties, low conversion rates, and poor yields commonly associated with green synthesized nanoparticles, as these factors significantly affect their energy conversion and storage applications. In comparison to previous studies, a deeper understanding of the efficiency of green synthesized nanoparticles in energy conversion and storage has been accentuated, aiming to contribute to solution for the ongoing global energy shortages.

绿色合成是规避环境危害、提供可持续能源、降低能源消耗和生产成本的重要途径。绿色合成的MnO2 NPs、TiO2 NPs和CuO NPs电极具有较高的比电容，在超级电容器中用于储能的比电容范围为61 ~ 139 Fg-1、105 ~ 224 Fg-1和176 ~ 328 Fg-1。此外，使用绿色合成的Co3V2O8 NPs作为锂离子电池的电极材料，其放电容量范围为275 ~ 699 mAh g−1。利用绿色合成的Co3O4 NPs进行水裂解，生成了268.9 ~ 310.7 μmolg−1的氢作为清洁燃料。相比之下，生物源Pt基燃料电池纳米复合材料产生的电流密度（5.43 mA cm - 2）高于传统合成的Pt纳米立方体（0.9 mA cm - 2）和Pt纳米花（2.8 mA cm - 2）。未来的研究应侧重于解决绿色合成纳米粒子的形态学特性的高可变性、低转化率和低产量等问题，因为这些因素会显著影响它们的能量转换和存储应用。与以往的研究相比，绿色合成纳米颗粒在能量转换和储存方面的效率得到了更深入的了解，旨在为解决当前全球能源短缺做出贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing ethanol gas sensor with rGO layer addition on LaFeO3–Pd doped material using density functional theory 利用密度泛函理论优化在LaFeO3-Pd掺杂材料上添加氧化石墨烯的乙醇气体传感器

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100430

Ahmad Aminudin , Rumaisya Az-zahra , Selly Feranie , Lilik Hasanah , Siti Kudnie Sahari , Endi Suhendi

LaFeO₃ is widely applied in ethanol gas sensors due to material composition and the stability of its sensing parameters. However, LaFeO₃ is still limited in gas sensing properties, necessitating doping to enhance the performance of gas sensors like palladium (Pd). In this study, the optimization of the ethanol gas sensor was explored by adding reduced graphene oxide (rGO) to Pd–LaFeO₃, focusing on adsorption energy and band gap energy using density functional theory (DFT) with the generalized gradient approximation (GGA-PBEsol) simulation method. The results show that Pd–LaFeO₃ adsorption energy of −2.01 eV, which increases to −2.29 eV with the addition of rGO, indicates stronger ethanol adsorption. The band gap of Pd–LaFeO₃ was 2.34 eV before exposure to ethanol gas and decreased to 2.06 eV upon exposure. After incorporating rGO, the band gap further narrowed, from 0.11 eV before exposure to 0.05 eV after exposure. The narrowing of the energy band potentially enhances the sensor's response. Those results indicate that adding rGO to Pd–LaFeO₃ shows promising potential for ethanol gas sensor applications.

由于LaFeO3的材料组成和传感参数的稳定性，在乙醇气体传感器中得到了广泛的应用。然而，LaFeO3在气敏性能方面仍然有限，需要掺杂来提高钯（Pd）等气体传感器的性能。在本研究中，通过在Pd-LaFeO3中加入还原氧化石墨烯（rGO）来探索乙醇气体传感器的优化，并利用密度泛函理论（DFT）和广义梯度近似（GGA-PBEsol）模拟方法重点研究了吸附能和带隙能。结果表明，Pd-LaFeO3的吸附能为- 2.01 eV，随着还原氧化石墨烯的加入，Pd-LaFeO3的吸附能增加到- 2.29 eV，表明其对乙醇的吸附更强。Pd-LaFeO3暴露于乙醇气体前带隙为2.34 eV，暴露后带隙减小到2.06 eV。加入还原氧化石墨烯后，带隙进一步缩小，从暴露前的0.11 eV降至暴露后的0.05 eV。能量带的变窄有可能增强传感器的响应。这些结果表明，将还原氧化石墨烯添加到Pd-LaFeO3中，在乙醇气体传感器应用中具有很大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of nutritional, antioxidant, and antidiabetic properties of the BF 1 herbal formulation via in vitro and ex vivo approaches 通过体外和离体方法评估BF - 1草药配方的营养、抗氧化和抗糖尿病特性

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100435

Akingbolabo Daniel Ogunlakin , Ruth Omokhafe Elagauma , Ayobami Tosin Adegbenro , Favour Inijesunimi Olagookun , Sophie Adedamola Adeyeye , Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo , Oyindamola Esther Awosola , Oluwaseun Abigael Ogunlakin , Blessing Obianuju Ezea , Victoria Seseyon Paul-Adio , Mubo Adeola Sonibare

The study investigated the dietary composition of the BF1 herbal formulation and its effect on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes linked with type 2 diabetes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes) through in vitro and ex vivo parameters. In vitro antioxidant parameters, such as 1,1-diphenylhydraxyl (DPPH), Fe²⁺ chelating abilities, ferric reducing antioxidant property (FRAP), hydroxyl (OH) scavenging, and nitric oxide (NO), as well as ex vivo parameters, such as glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and catalase, ENTPDase, and ATPase enzyme activities in iron-induced pancreatic injury were evaluated. The inhibitory assay for α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes was conducted and the results of these parameters revealed that the BF1 formulation could scavenge DPPH radicals compared to the control. At all concentrations, the BF1 formulation reduced ferric compounds, compared to the standard. The BF1 formulation chelated iron better at its lower concentration, similar to the control. Additionally, the BF1 formulation showcased a significant NO radical scavenging ability in comparison to the standard. The BF1 formulation reduced lipid peroxidation in the rat pancreas at a lower concentration than the control. Furthermore, the BF1 formulation demonstrated significant inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase in comparison to the control (metformin). This suggests that BF1 formulation can be considered a potential antidiabetic treatment and can be used for supplement formulation.

本研究通过体外和离体参数研究了饲粮中添加BF1中药制剂对2型糖尿病相关碳水化合物水解酶（α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶）的影响。体外抗氧化参数，如1,1-二苯基羟基（DPPH）、Fe2+螯合能力、铁还原抗氧化性能（FRAP）、羟基（OH）清除和一氧化氮（NO），以及离体参数，如谷胱甘肽（GSH）、丙二醛（MDA）水平、过氧化氢酶、entpase和atp酶活性，在铁诱导的胰腺损伤中进行了评估。对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶进行了抑制实验，结果表明，与对照相比，BF1制剂对DPPH自由基具有较强的清除能力。在所有浓度下，与标准相比，BF1配方都减少了铁化合物。BF1配方在较低浓度下螯合铁效果较好，与对照相似。此外，与标准相比，BF1配方显示出显著的NO自由基清除能力。与对照组相比，BF1制剂降低了大鼠胰腺中的脂质过氧化。此外，与对照（二甲双胍）相比，BF1配方对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶有显著的抑制作用。这表明BF1制剂可被认为是一种潜在的抗糖尿病治疗方法，并可用于补充剂制剂。

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引用次数: 0

Correlation between composition and radiation shielding performance in neodymium-doped barium borate glasses 掺钕硼酸钡玻璃成分与辐射屏蔽性能的关系

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100433

Albandari. W. Alrowaily , Aljawhara H. Almuqrin , M.I. Sayyed , B. Albarzan

This work focuses on evaluating four glasses' radiation shielding ability, with compositions of (18+2x)BaO–17PbO₂-(65-3x)B₂O₃-xNd₂O₃ (where x = 0, 1, 2, and 3 mol%), using Phy-X at Eu-152 source-emitted energies. The glasses are designated as Ba18Nd0, Ba20Nd1, Ba22Nd2, and Ba24Nd3, each representing specific concentrations of components BaO and Nd₂O₃. Glass sample Ba18Nd0's gamma radiation transmission factor (TF) is studied at different thicknesses of 0.25, 0.75, and 1.25 cm, and the results show the TF to be close to zero at very low energy, thus indicating the lower energy photons to be almost completely absorbed by the glass sample. With a 0.25–1.25 cm glass thickness increase, the TF decreases, suggesting the glasses' improved radiation shielding ability. The radiation protection efficiency (RPE) was determined and found to have a positive relation with the glasses' density. In terms of the sample with higher BaO and Nd₂O₃ content (i.e., Ba24Nd3), there is a higher mean free path than for the other prepared glasses. The glasses' half-value layer (HVL) at 0.122 MeV is 0.10 cm, while with increased energy the HVL decreases to 0.725–1.14 cm at 0.296 MeV and 1.18–1.08 cm at 0.411 MeV.

本工作着重于评估四种玻璃的辐射屏蔽能力，这些玻璃的成分为（18+2x） BaO-17PbO2 -(65-3x)B2O3-xNd2O3（其中x = 0,1,2,3 mol%），使用物理x在Eu-152源发射能量下。玻璃被命名为Ba18Nd0、Ba20Nd1、Ba22Nd2和Ba24Nd3，分别代表BaO和Nd2O3组分的特定浓度。研究了玻璃样品Ba18Nd0在0.25、0.75和1.25 cm的不同厚度下的γ辐射透射系数（TF），结果表明，在极低能量时，TF接近于零，表明较低能量的光子几乎完全被玻璃样品吸收。当玻璃厚度增加0.25 ~ 1.25 cm时，TF减小，表明玻璃的辐射屏蔽能力增强。测定了玻璃的辐射防护效率（RPE），发现其与玻璃密度呈正相关。对于BaO和Nd2O3含量较高的样品（即Ba24Nd3），其平均自由程高于其他制备的玻璃。在0.122 MeV时，玻璃的半值层（HVL）为0.10 cm，而随着能量的增加，在0.296 MeV时，HVL降至0.725 ~ 1.14 cm，在0.411 MeV时，HVL降至1.18 ~ 1.08 cm。

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引用次数: 0