Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献_第7页

Quantifying the impact: Statistical analysis of weather and paddy activities on paddy effluent quality 量化影响：天气和稻田活动对稻田出水水质的统计分析

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100471

Muhammad Nasri Nasehir Khan , Mohd Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol , Mohamad Firdaus Mohamad Yusop , Mohd Azmier Ahmad , Muhamad Faizal Pakir Mohamed Latiff

Paddy cultivation is a cornerstone of global agriculture and food production while supporting rural economies worldwide. Nonetheless, the intensive farming methods have adversely impacted water quality due to the poor effluent quality. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of weather conditions in terms of precipitation and stages of paddy farming activities on the quality of effluent discharged from paddy fields. A holistic approach was applied to integrate the paddy activities and weather variability into the analysis, uncovering nuanced relationships that have previously been overlooked. The water quality parameters, including biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), ammoniacal nitrogen (NH₃–N), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), arsenic (As), and aluminium (Al), were comprehensively assessed with statistical methods such as t-tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The implementation of statistical methods such as t-tests and ANOVA provides a robust framework for quantifying these relationships and determining their significance. Results showed that the stages of paddy farming activities influenced all the measured water quality parameters statistically significantly, with p-values less than 0.05 obtained for all the parameters. The weather conditions did not significantly influence the quality of the paddy fields effluent. However, the effect of weather conditions with the combination of paddy farming activities is statistically significant towards NH₃–N, TSS, and Al with a p-value less than 0.05. This research contributes valuable insights to the scientific understanding of paddy agriculture's environmental footprint and informs evidence-based policies for promoting sustainable agriculture and preserving water quality worldwide. By understanding how weather patterns and farming practices impact effluent quality, strategies to mitigate environmental risks and optimize water management practices in paddy cultivation areas can be developed.

水稻种植是全球农业和粮食生产的基石，同时也支持着全球农村经济。尽管如此，集约化耕作方法由于污水质量差而对水质产生了不利影响。本研究的目的是探讨天气条件在降水和水田耕作活动的阶段对水田排放的污水质量的影响。采用整体方法将水稻活动和天气变化整合到分析中，揭示了以前被忽视的微妙关系。采用t检验和方差分析等统计方法对生化需氧量（BOD）、氨态氮（NH3-N）、总悬浮物（TSS）、总磷（TP）、总氮（TN）、砷（As）、铝（Al）等水质参数进行综合评价。t检验和方差分析等统计方法的实施为量化这些关系和确定其重要性提供了一个强大的框架。结果表明，水稻种植活动阶段对各水质参数的影响均有统计学意义，各参数的p值均小于0.05。气象条件对稻田出水水质影响不显著。而天气条件与水稻种植活动相结合对NH3-N、TSS和Al的影响具有统计学意义，p值均小于0.05。本研究为科学理解水田农业的环境足迹提供了有价值的见解，并为促进全球可持续农业和保护水质提供了基于证据的政策。通过了解天气模式和耕作方式如何影响污水质量，可以制定减轻环境风险和优化水稻种植区水管理实践的战略。

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引用次数: 0

Bounded sine hyperbolic distribution with applications to real datasets 有界正弦双曲分布与实际数据集的应用

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100467

Anwaar Saeed , Abdus Saboor , Farrukh Jamal , Najwan Alsadat , Oluwafemi Samson Balogun , Abdoulie Faal , Mohammed Elgarhy

In this paper, a novel hyperbolic trigonometric probability distribution with a bounded support on (0,1) named the bounded sine hyperbolic (BSH) distribution is proposed. It has a simple closed form cumulative distribution function (CDF). Various structural properties of the distribution are obtained, such as quantile function, moments, entropy, order statistics, reversed order statistics, upper record statistics, residual lifetime function, and reversed residual life function. The distribution exhibits a wide range of shapes with the bathtub shape of the failure rate function (FRF). The performance of the bounded sine hyperbolic distribution has been verified using both mathematical and graphical approaches. Maximum log likelihood estimation (MLE) has been utilized to estimate the unknown parametric values of the BSH distribution. To assess the consistency of the maximum likelihood estimation, a simulation study is conducted. The BSH distribution is compared with established models (unit Lindley, unit Teissier, and unit Rayleigh) using two real-world datasets. Different evaluation criterion and goodness-of-fit statistics, i.e. AIC, AICC, BIC, HQIC, CAIC, Anderson Darling (A*), Cramer Von-Mises (W*), and Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) tests, confirm the superiority of the BSH distribution as per numerical values provided in Tables 7 and 8. The lowest values of all these tests demonstrate that the BSH distribution outperforms other related models.

本文提出了一种新的在（0,1）上有界支持的双曲三角概率分布，即有界正弦双曲分布。它有一个简单的封闭形式累积分布函数（CDF）。得到了分布的各种结构性质，如分位数函数、矩、熵、序统计量、反序统计量、上记录统计量、残差寿命函数和反残差寿命函数。故障率函数（FRF）呈浴盆形分布，分布范围广。用数学和图形方法验证了有界正弦双曲分布的性能。利用最大对数似然估计（MLE）来估计BSH分布的未知参数值。为了评估最大似然估计的一致性，进行了仿真研究。使用两个真实世界的数据集，将BSH分布与已建立的模型（单位Lindley，单位Teissier和单位Rayleigh）进行比较。不同的评价标准和拟合优度统计，即AIC、AICC、BIC、HQIC、CAIC、Anderson Darling （A*）、Cramer Von-Mises （W*）和Kolmogorov-Smirnov （KS）检验，根据表7和表8提供的数值，证实了BSH分布的优越性。所有这些测试的最低值表明，BSH分布优于其他相关模型。

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引用次数: 0

Biorational phomopsis blight management in eggplants using two bacteria isolated from the eggplant rhizosphere 利用从茄子根际分离的两种细菌对茄子进行生物防治

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100468

Mst Tajrina Afrin Surovi , Md Ahsan Habib , Muhammad Fazle Rabbee , Md Mobinul Islam , Mirza Galiba Naushin , Md Mohidul Hasan , Kwang-Hyun Baek , Maximilian Lackner

Phomopsis blight, caused by Phomopsis vexans, is a major eggplant disease that significantly reduces output in Bangladesh. In order to produce a new fungicide, 210 bacterial strains were isolated from the rhizosphere of eggplants. Phylogenetic trees using 16S rRNA gene sequences of HSTUB 8 and HSTUB 16 revealed a close relationship with Serratia marcescens and Enterobacter ludwigii, respectively. Among the isolates, HSTUB 8 (Serratia marcescens) and HSTUB 16 (Enterobacter ludwigii) showed the maximum inhibition zones (1.6 cm and 0.9 cm, respectively) against P. vexans in vitro. In field conditions, basal application of pea bran-based formulated HSTUB 8 and HSTUB 16 followed by spraying of a suspension of both the bacteria exhibited a maximum reduction of disease incidence (64.70 %) and severity (77.27 %) over the control. The same bio-fungicide also resulted in enhanced growth and production, such as branches per plant (75.05 %), plant height (32.28 %), fruits/plant (404.54 %), firmness of fruits (57.42 %), and total soluble solids (66.67 %) over the control. Basal application of pea bran-based HSTUB 8 followed by spraying of the suspension of the same bacterium yielded a higher total phenol content in the fruits (56.86 mg/100 g) as compared to the control (24.74 mg/100 g). All gathered data strongly indicate that the pea bran-based formulated bio-fungicides composed of S. marcescens HSTUB 8 and E. ludwigii HSTUB 16 can be used for both the production of high-quality fruits and the management of phomopsis blight disease of eggplants at field conditions in an effective and eco-friendly way.

由黄瓜枯萎病（Phomopsis vexans）引起的茄子枯萎病是一种严重影响孟加拉国茄子产量的主要病害。从茄子根际分离了210株细菌，制备了一种新型杀菌剂。利用HSTUB 8和HSTUB 16的16S rRNA基因序列进行系统进化树分析，结果显示HSTUB 8和HSTUB 16分别与粘质沙雷菌和路德维希肠杆菌亲缘关系密切。其中HSTUB 8（粘质沙雷氏菌）和HSTUB 16（路德维希肠杆菌）对vexans的体外抑制区最大，分别为1.6 cm和0.9 cm。在田间条件下，先施用豌豆膜配制的HSTUB 8和HSTUB 16，然后喷洒两种细菌的悬浮液，与对照相比，发病率（64.70%）和严重程度（77.27%）最大程度降低。与对照相比，同一生物杀菌剂也促进了植株的生长和产量，如单株枝数（75.05%）、株高（32.28%）、果实/株（404.54%）、果实硬度（57.42%）和可溶性固形物总量（66.67%）。基础施用以豌豆膜为基础的HSTUB - 8，然后喷洒相同细菌悬浮液，果实中总酚含量（56.86 mg/100 g）高于对照（24.74 mg/100 g）。综上所述，由粘质S. marcesens HSTUB 8和ludwigii E. HSTUB 16组成的以豌豆膜为基础的配方生物杀菌剂，既可用于优质果实的生产，又可用于茄子白叶枯病的田间有效环保防治。

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引用次数: 0

Imputation of missing data for domain mean estimation using simple random sampling 基于简单随机抽样的域均值估计缺失数据的插值

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100461

Anoop Kumar , Shashi Bhushan , Rohini Pokhrel , Amer I. Al-Omari , Ayed R.A. Alanzi , Shokrya S. Alshqaq

The estimate of domain mean is a significant issue in sample surveys. However, if the data is missing, it becomes very necessary. In the case of missing data, this paper proposes some direct and synthetic domain mean estimators using simple random sampling. To evaluate the performance of the suggested estimators against existing estimators, the algebraic formula of mean square errors is deduced. Additionally, a thorough, extensive simulation study was conducted utilizing a normally distributed population. Certain applications that contain actual data are also made available. The results of the simulation show the superiority of the suggested direct and synthetic Searls power ratio imputation approaches over the direct and synthetic mean imputation approaches, direct and synthetic ratio imputation approaches, and direct and synthetic power ratio imputation approaches by minimum mean square error and maximum percent relative efficiency. Furthermore, the proposed direct and synthetic imputation approaches are demonstrated using a real data based on the crop production from Agra district, located in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

域均值的估计是抽样调查中的一个重要问题。然而，如果数据丢失，它就变得非常必要。在数据缺失的情况下，本文提出了一些使用简单随机抽样的直接和综合的域均值估计器。为了比较所提出的估计量和现有估计量的性能，推导了均方误差的代数公式。此外，利用正态分布的人口进行了全面、广泛的模拟研究。还提供了包含实际数据的某些应用程序。仿真结果表明，直接和综合Searls功率比法比直接和综合平均法、直接和综合功率比法和直接和综合功率比法在均方误差最小和相对效率百分比最大方面具有优越性。此外，使用基于印度北方邦阿格拉地区农作物生产的真实数据，对所提出的直接和综合估算方法进行了验证。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of hydrophobic additives in macroplastics and trace metal contamination on Kuwait's coastal beaches 宏观塑料中的疏水添加剂和微量金属污染对科威特沿海海滩的影响

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100460

Abdul Hadi E. Bu-Olayan, B.V. Thomas

The global rise in macroplastic waste has adversely affected Kuwait's beaches, presenting potential threats to the marine ecosystem. In this study, debris samples were collected and analyzed from eleven beach sites between 2022 and 2024. Macroplastics distributed across the studied sites were more abundant in the winter (76 %) than in the summer (59 %) seasons. The polypropylene items were highly apportioned (25 %) among the seven identified polymers in this study. Among the sites, macroplastics recovered from the S3 (intertidal mudflats, fishing, wastewater drains), S4 (recreation), and S9 (industries) areas showed high mean concentrations of Cr (512.62 μg/kg), Ni (248.49 μg/kg), and Zn (36.04 μg/kg) compared to the other analyzed metals. The indices outlined in this study reflected the characteristics of occupational activities, the negligence of beachgoers towards pollution, the presence of seven macroplastics types, impact of additive pollutants, and were corroborated by assessments of clean coastal (CCI), polymer abundance (PAI), and polymer hazardous (PHI) indices. Furthermore, observations showed that hydrological factors and seasonal variations influenced the abundance of macroplastics, validating macroplastics as a beach pollutant indicator. Conjecturing the apportionment and futuristic escalation of macroplastics pollution threats, this study depicts the salient mitigation strategies to decrease macroplastics in the marine environment.

全球宏观塑料垃圾的增加对科威特的海滩产生了不利影响，对海洋生态系统构成了潜在威胁。在这项研究中，研究人员在2022年至2024年间从11个海滩收集并分析了碎片样本。分布在研究地点的宏观塑料在冬季（76%）比夏季（59%）更为丰富。在本研究中，聚丙烯项目在七种已确定的聚合物中比例很高（25%）。其中，S3（潮间带滩涂、渔场、污水排放口）、S4（娱乐场所）和S9（工业）区回收的宏观塑料中Cr （512.62 μg/kg）、Ni （248.49 μg/kg）和Zn （36.04 μg/kg）的平均浓度高于其他重金属。本研究概述的指数反映了职业活动的特征、海滩游客对污染的忽视、七种宏观塑料的存在、添加剂污染物的影响，并通过清洁海岸（CCI）、聚合物丰度（PAI）和聚合物危险（PHI）指数的评估得到了证实。此外，观测结果表明，水文因素和季节变化影响了巨塑性塑料的丰度，验证了巨塑性塑料作为海滩污染物指标的有效性。本研究推测了宏观塑料污染威胁的分配和未来的升级，描述了减少海洋环境中宏观塑料的显著缓解策略。

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引用次数: 0

Application of the generalized q-Mittag-Leffler function to fractional q-kinetic equations via q-Shehu transform 基于q-Shehu变换的广义q-Mittag-Leffler函数在分数阶q-动力学方程中的应用

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100451

Mulugeta Dawud Ali , D.L. Suthar

This paper investigates the properties and applications of

q

-Mittag-Leffler functions with five parameters within the framework of fractional

q

-kinetic equations. We study the essential properties of these functions using several

q

-calculus operators, including the

q

-Riemann–Liouville integral, generalized

q

-Weyl derivative operators, and

q

-transform such as the

q

-Mellin and

q

-Shehu transforms. An original method for addressing fractional

q

-kinetic equations involving generalized

q

-Mittag-Leffler functions is presented, which utilizes the

q

-Shehu transform, a generalization of the

q

-Laplace transform. Further, we state some significant and special cases of our main results. Finally, we present the obtained solutions in the form of numerical graphs using MATLAB 23 software.

本文研究了分数阶q-动力学方程框架下的五参数q-Mittag-Leffler函数的性质及其应用。利用q-Riemann-Liouville积分、广义q-Weyl导数算子和q- melin变换、q-Shehu变换等q-微积分算子研究了这些函数的基本性质。提出了一种包含广义q-Mittag-Leffler函数的分数阶q-动力学方程的原始求解方法，该方法利用了q-Laplace变换的推广q-Shehu变换。此外，我们还陈述了我们主要结果的一些重要和特殊情况。最后，利用MATLAB 23软件以数值图的形式给出了得到的解。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring new estimators in ridge regression: Addressing multicollinearity in economic and petroleum product data analysis 探索岭回归中的新估计量：解决经济和石油产品数据分析中的多重共线性问题

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100448

Nida Khalid , Dost Muhammad Khan , Muhammad Suhail , Umair Khalil , Eman H. Alkhammash

Multicollinearity remains a major challenge in regression analysis, leading to unreliable parameter estimates and reduced predictive accuracy. Existing preprocessing methods, such as K1 to K9, attempt to mitigate this issue but are not universally effective. This study proposes three novel ridge regression estimators that address multicollinearity without requiring additional preprocessing. We evaluate these estimators through extensive simulations and real-world datasets spanning multiple sectors. Results show that our approach consistently reduces mean squared error (MSE) and outperforms traditional methods, making it a reliable tool for improving predictive accuracy in economic forecasting and other data-driven fields. Our findings reveal that these new estimators reduce MSE in 136 out of 160 simulation cases and deliver superior performance across multiple datasets, including car consumption, South Africa’s economy, Pakistan’s socio-economic indicators, and Saudi Arabian petroleum product prices. These results highlight the reliability of our estimators in addressing multicollinearity and enhancing predictive accuracy, particularly in economic forecasting and other predictive analytics domains.

多重共线性仍然是回归分析的主要挑战，导致参数估计不可靠，预测精度降低。现有的预处理方法，如K1到K9，试图缓解这个问题，但不是普遍有效。本研究提出了三种新的脊回归估计，不需要额外的预处理，即可解决多重共线性问题。我们通过广泛的模拟和跨越多个部门的真实世界数据集来评估这些估计器。结果表明，我们的方法持续降低均方误差（MSE），优于传统方法，使其成为提高经济预测和其他数据驱动领域预测准确性的可靠工具。我们的研究结果表明，这些新的估计器在160个模拟案例中的136个案例中降低了MSE，并在多个数据集（包括汽车消费、南非经济、巴基斯坦社会经济指标和沙特阿拉伯石油产品价格）中提供了卓越的性能。这些结果突出了我们的估计器在处理多重共线性和提高预测精度方面的可靠性，特别是在经济预测和其他预测分析领域。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing the control of fungal diseases in Ficus carica L. using Zn–Se nanocomposites 锌硒纳米复合材料对无花果真菌病害的防治作用

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100465

Sana Naveed , Naveed Iqbal Raja , Sajid Hussain , Amna Mushtaq , Noorah AlKubaisi

Ficus carica is sensitive to a variety of fungal infections, which have an influence on fig yield and quality. Fig rust, caused by the fungus Cerotelium fici, is one of the most frequent fungal diseases affecting fig plants. Fig rust attacks the leaves and accounts for 100 % of crop infections. Furthermore, there are no long-term strategies for managing fig rust. In recent years, nanotechnology has emerged as a novel option in agriculture, proving to be more effective against fungal infections. The primary goal of the study was to assess the efficiency of ZnSe nanocomposite in suppressing fungal illness that attacked F. carica. In this work, ZnSe nanocomposites were made using Melia azedarach leaf extract. UV examination validated the production of ZnSe nanocomposite, revealing a peak at 394 nm and a predicted band gap energy of 3.15 eV. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) measurements indicated a cubic crystal structure with crystallites measuring 28.82 nm. The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) pattern revealed that zinc, selenium, oxygen, and carbon are the primary components of the ZnSe nanocomposite. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) exhibited irregular forms with a homogeneous distribution of ZnSe nanocomposite particles ranging in size from 20 to 30 nm. The Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) findings revealed strong peaks, indicating the presence of many functional groups. The investigation discovered that the fungal illness was fig rust, which is caused by the fungal pathogen Cerotelium fici. The unique use of ZnSe nanocomposite efficiently prevented fig rust while simultaneously boosting development, with a maximum effective concentration of 150 ppm. This dose suppressed the growth of fig rust by 97.93 % in the pre-infection group, while in the post-infection group, 150 ppm decreased the severity by 95.36 %. The study's findings indicate the effectiveness of ZnSe nanocomposite as a long-term and alternative solution to fig rust management and crop quality improvement.

无花果对多种真菌感染都很敏感，影响着无花果的产量和品质。无花果锈病是无花果最常见的真菌病害之一，由无花果Cerotelium fici真菌引起。无花果锈病侵袭树叶，占作物感染的100%。此外，没有长期的策略来管理无花果锈病。近年来，纳米技术已经成为农业中的一种新选择，被证明对真菌感染更有效。该研究的主要目的是评估ZnSe纳米复合材料对真菌疾病的抑制作用。本研究以苦楝叶提取物为原料制备了纳米复合材料。紫外测试验证了ZnSe纳米复合材料的制备，发现在394 nm处有一个峰，预测带隙能量为3.15 eV。x射线衍射（XRD）结果表明该晶体为立方晶体结构，晶粒尺寸为28.82 nm。能量色散x射线（EDX）图显示，锌、硒、氧和碳是ZnSe纳米复合材料的主要成分。扫描电镜（SEM）显示，ZnSe纳米复合颗粒形状不规则，分布均匀，粒径在20 ~ 30 nm之间。傅里叶变换红外（FTIR）结果显示出强峰，表明存在许多官能团。调查发现，真菌病为无花果锈病，是由真菌病原菌无花果Cerotelium fici引起的。ZnSe纳米复合材料的独特用途有效地防止了无花果锈病，同时促进了发育，最大有效浓度为150 ppm。该剂量对感染前组无花果锈病的生长抑制率为97.93%，而在感染后组，150ppm的严重程度降低了95.36%。该研究结果表明，ZnSe纳米复合材料作为无花果锈病管理和作物品质改善的长期替代解决方案是有效的。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoencapsulation of ofloxacin using sesame seed oil-based colloidal system: antimicrobial, toxicity, and drug delivery studies 用芝麻油基胶体系统制备氧氟沙星纳米胶囊：抗菌、毒性和给药研究

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100466

Abayomi Bamisaye , Catherine O. Eromosele , Enock O. Dare , Mopelola A. Idowu , Oluseyi A. Akinloye , Yakubu A. Alli , Abel Kolawole Oyebamiji

Hydrophobicity and gastroenzymatic degradation of drugs requires an innovative approach, which includes the adoption of a nanosized colloidal system for drug delivery. The emulsions were produced by the mechano-chemical method and characterized using FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, Zetasizer, 1HNMR, and Cryo-TEM. Molecular studies and antimicrobial activity of sesame oil-based nanoemulsion (SOBN), ofloxacin-loaded sesame oil-based nanoemulsion (SOBN + OF), and ofloxacin (OF) were carried out on S. aureus, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus (ATCC 29213), and P. aeruginosa (ATCC 15442). Drug delivery studies of SOBN + OF were done using adult male Wistar rats. The zeta potential measurement shows a negatively charged emulsion (−16.1mV), with low polydispersity index values, which suggests high stability. The Cryo-TEM micrographs show a rough spherical colloid with an average diameter of 610.4 ± 0.54 nm and an effective electric field strength value of 147.4 V. The UV–Vis analysis recorded a maximum drug entrapment efficiency of 21.250 μg/mL. The FTIR shows a superimposition of SOBN and SOBN + OF spectra with a wavenumber value of 3427.76 cm⁻¹, which is in agreement with the 1HNMR results, suggesting an encapsulation. The molecular studies show that the highest docking values of −6.67291594 and −7.09475231 were recorded on peptidoglycan deacetylase (gram-positive) and beta-lactamase class A (gram-negative) bacterium protein, respectively. The antimicrobial study shows that SOBN + OF is more potent than OF across a concentration range of 500 to 31.25 mg/mL. The toxicity of the investigated dosage (17.5 mL/kg bw) of SOBN + OF has a pathomorphological effect on Wistar rats. The SOBN + OF-treated rat skin had an absorption value of 0.0980 μg/mL, indicating a significant penetration rate. A recorded C_max value of 2.31 μg/mL was noted at 150 min in the transdermo-pharmaceutical study. The outcome of this study shows that sesame oil-based nanoemulsion is a probable vehicle, with the potential to encapsulate, transport, and release ofloxacin, thereby enhancing its biopotency.

药物的疏水性和消化酶降解需要一种创新的方法，其中包括采用纳米级胶体系统进行药物递送。采用机械化学法制备乳剂，并用FTIR、UV-Vis光谱、Zetasizer、1HNMR和cro - tem进行表征。研究了芝麻油基纳米乳（SOBN）、负载氧氟沙星的芝麻油基纳米乳（SOBN + of）和氧氟沙星（of）对金黄色葡萄球菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌（ATCC 29213）和铜绿假单胞菌（ATCC 15442）的抑菌活性。用成年雄性Wistar大鼠进行SOBN + of的给药研究。zeta电位测量结果显示为带负电的乳液（−16.1mV），具有较低的多分散性指数值，表明其稳定性较高。低温透射电镜观察到一个平均直径为610.4±0.54 nm的粗糙球形胶体，有效电场强度为147.4 V。紫外-可见法测得的药物包封效率最高为21.250 μg/mL。FTIR显示了SOBN和SOBN + of的叠加，波数值为3427.76 cm−1，这与1HNMR结果一致，表明了封装。分子研究表明，肽聚糖去乙酰化酶（革兰氏阳性）和β -内酰胺酶A类（革兰氏阴性）细菌蛋白的最高对接值分别为- 6.67291594和- 7.09475231。抗菌研究表明，在500 ~ 31.25 mg/mL的浓度范围内，SOBN + OF比OF更有效。研究剂量（17.5 mL/kg bw） SOBN + of对Wistar大鼠的毒性有病理形态学影响。SOBN + of处理的大鼠皮肤吸收值为0.0980 μg/mL，渗透率显著。透皮-药理学实验显示，150 min时Cmax值为2.31 μg/mL。本研究结果表明，芝麻油基纳米乳是一种可能的载体，具有封装、运输和释放氧氟沙星的潜力，从而提高其生物效价。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological and biochemical responses of Carthamus tinctorius L. under salt stress 盐胁迫下红花的生理生化响应

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100464

Somayeh Vaghari , Arash Fazeli , Reza Haghi , Fariba Shohani

Salinity stress is one of the important abiotic factors that affect the physiological and metabolic activities of plants. The present research was conducted in a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design in the research greenhouse of Ilam University during the agricultural year 1403–1402. In this study, salinity stress at two levels (control and 120 mM) was applied to four genotypes (Cart193, Cart158, Cart83, and Cart223) to evaluate growth indices, photosynthesis rate, relative water content (RWC), soluble carbohydrate content (TSC), proline (Pro), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in Carthamus tinctorius L. The mean comparison results showed that under 120 mM salinity stress, the aerial parts had a reduction of 6.2 % in plant height and 23.07 % in the number of seeds per head, respectively, in the genotypes Cart83 and Cart158 compared to the control. Additionally, the number of seeds per head, 25 % seed weight, 24.39 % total seed yield, 18.86 % biological yield, 19.89 % harvest index, 0.78 % head diameter, 1.82 % photosynthesis rate 60 %, and RWC 31.74 % showed the highest reduction in the genotype Cart223 compared to the control. Furthermore, the content of 25.71 % Pro, 29.45 % TSC, 42.38 % anthocyanins, and 31.22 % phenols showed the highest increase in the genotype Cart193 compared to the control. However, among the enzymatic antioxidants, only guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) showed the highest increase of 55.05 % in the genotype Cart223 compared to the control. The results of this study indicate that compatible osmolytes and non-enzymatic antioxidants act as effective markers for understanding the defense mechanisms of Carthamus tinctorius under salinity stress conditions.

盐胁迫是影响植物生理代谢活动的重要非生物因子之一。本研究采用完全随机设计的因子试验，于1403-1402农业年在伊拉姆大学研究温室进行。本研究对4个基因型（Cart193、Cart158、Cart83和Cart223）进行了2个水平（对照和120 mM）的盐度胁迫，评价了红花（Carthamus tinctorius L.）的生长指标、光合速率、相对含水量（RWC）、可溶性碳水化合物含量（TSC）、脯氨酸（Pro）以及酶和非酶抗氧化剂。与对照相比，car83和car158基因型地上部分的株高和穗数分别降低了6.2%和23.07%。单株种子数、种子重25%、总种子产量24.39%、生物产量18.86%、收获指数19.89%、穗直径0.78%、光合速率1.82%、RWC 31.74%均较对照降低。此外，与对照相比，基因型Cart193的Pro含量（25.71%）、TSC含量（29.45%）、花青素含量（42.38%）和酚类物质含量（31.22%）增加最多。然而，在酶促抗氧化剂中，只有愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPX）在Cart223基因型中比对照增加了55.05%。研究结果表明，相容的渗透产物和非酶促抗氧化剂可作为了解红花在盐胁迫条件下防御机制的有效标记物。

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引用次数: 0