Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献

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Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Delphinium denudatum Wall. Evaluated by validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography and in vitro assays

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352

Nadeem A. Siddique

Delphinium is a plant with healing properties that can be viewed as a natural source of antioxidants. This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of Delphinium denudatum root methanolic extract (DDRME) in biomedical research and antioxidant therapy by examining its effects and mechanisms of action in protecting cell growth from free radical damage. D. denudatum root methanolic extract was evaluated using densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) to measure the amount of biomarker antioxidant candidate. Quercetin, a bioactive compound also known as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one, was isolated on silica gel 60F254 aluminum plates (500–4000 ngspot⁻¹; r² = 0.992 ± 0.0002; Rf:0.48 ± 0.02) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed by in vitro antioxidant assay through testing the inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) for nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl radical (OH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide radical scavenging (SO2^.-), in addition to examining antimicrobial activity. Quantitative analysis indicated that DDRME contained high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity, leading to a significant inhibition of the produced free radicals. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed higher antioxidant potential compared to other assays, indicating a strong correlation (r² = 0.978) between bioactive components and antioxidant capabilities. D. denudatum root methanolic extract (DDRME) has the potential to be used as an eco-friendly medication to defend humans from microbial diseases, as polyphenolics effectively hinder the capability of microbes by increasing antioxidant enzyme function.

{"title":"Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Delphinium denudatum Wall. Evaluated by validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography and in vitro assays","authors":"Nadeem A. Siddique","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Delphinium</em> is a plant with healing properties that can be viewed as a natural source of antioxidants. This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of <em>Delphinium denudatum</em> root methanolic extract (DDRME) in biomedical research and antioxidant therapy by examining its effects and mechanisms of action in protecting cell growth from free radical damage. <em>D. denudatum</em> root methanolic extract was evaluated using densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) to measure the amount of biomarker antioxidant candidate. Quercetin, a bioactive compound also known as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one, was isolated on silica gel 60F254 aluminum plates (500–4000 ngspot<sup>−1</sup>; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.992 ± 0.0002; <em>R</em>f:0.48 ± 0.02) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed by <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant assay through testing the inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) for nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl radical (OH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide radical scavenging (SO2<sup>.-</sup>), in addition to examining antimicrobial activity. Quantitative analysis indicated that DDRME contained high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity, leading to a significant inhibition of the produced free radicals. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed higher antioxidant potential compared to other assays, indicating a strong correlation (<em>r</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.978) between bioactive components and antioxidant capabilities. <em>D. denudatum</em> root methanolic extract (DDRME) has the potential to be used as an eco-friendly medication to defend humans from microbial diseases, as polyphenolics effectively hinder the capability of microbes by increasing antioxidant enzyme function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Circular weakly balanced cross-over designs in periods of two and three different sizes

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100349

Muhammad Riaz , Abid Khan , M.H. Tahir , Farrukh Jamal , H.M. Kashif Rasheed , Berihan R. Elemary

Cross-over designs (CODs) have applications in many branches of scientific inquiry. The use of CODs can lead to carryover effects, which are the main source of bias in the estimation of treatment effects. In order to reduce bias, minimal balanced, minimal partially balanced, and minimal weakly balanced CODs are preferred. In the literature, minimal weakly balanced CODs are reported for unequal period sizes when the first period is greater than the second period and so forth. In this article, the method of cyclic shifts is used to construct minimal partially balanced and minimal weakly balanced CODs for unequal period sizes of two and three, where the first period is less than the second period and so forth. All the proposed designs are efficient to control the carryover effects as well as to estimate the carryover effects and direct effects independently.

引用次数: 0

Impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on gaseous pollutants and particulate matter in a hot arid climate

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100351

Jasem A. Albanai , Maryam Shehab , Arie Vatresia , Marium Jasim , Hassan Al-Dashti , Mohamed F. Yassin

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on the global community, affecting various aspects of life. One of the unintended consequences of the pandemic is its effect on air quality. This study uses the state of Kuwait as a case study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on levels of gaseous pollutants (NO2, O3, SO2, H2S, CO) and particulate matter 2.5 and 10 μm (PM_2.5 and PM₁₀) in a hot arid region. Hourly data for COVID-19 infected cases and gaseous pollutants and particulate matter were collected from January to December 2020. The Openair model with the R package was used to analyze gaseous pollutants and particulate matter data with an applied air quality index (AQI). Stochastic models with time series analysis - Kernel density were employed to investigate how COVID-19 infection can affect the changes of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. In addition, the spatial interpolation approach was estimated using the inverse distance weighted (IDW). The Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to analyze the daily data of the gasses and particle occurrences in a hot, dry climate. The results showed a significant decrease in levels of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter after implementing preventive measures to control the spread of the virus. This reduction benefits public health and the environment in the region, indicating that the preventive measures taken to address the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to reducing environmental pollution and mitigating its adverse effects.

{"title":"Impact of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) on gaseous pollutants and particulate matter in a hot arid climate","authors":"Jasem A. Albanai , Maryam Shehab , Arie Vatresia , Marium Jasim , Hassan Al-Dashti , Mohamed F. Yassin","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a significant impact on the global community, affecting various aspects of life. One of the unintended consequences of the pandemic is its effect on air quality. This study uses the state of Kuwait as a case study to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on levels of gaseous pollutants (NO2, O3, SO2, H2S, CO) and particulate matter 2.5 and 10 μm (PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>) in a hot arid region. Hourly data for COVID-19 infected cases and gaseous pollutants and particulate matter were collected from January to December 2020. The Openair model with the R package was used to analyze gaseous pollutants and particulate matter data with an applied air quality index (AQI). Stochastic models with time series analysis - Kernel density were employed to investigate how COVID-19 infection can affect the changes of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter. In addition, the spatial interpolation approach was estimated using the inverse distance weighted (IDW). The Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was used to analyze the daily data of the gasses and particle occurrences in a hot, dry climate. The results showed a significant decrease in levels of gaseous pollutants and particulate matter after implementing preventive measures to control the spread of the virus. This reduction benefits public health and the environment in the region, indicating that the preventive measures taken to address the COVID-19 pandemic have contributed to reducing environmental pollution and mitigating its adverse effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In vitro and in silico synergistic antidiabetic effectiveness of several multi-drug combinations of Siraitia grosvenorii, Dimocarpus longan Lour., and Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. Extracts.

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100354

Jing Zhao , Ahmed Najm , Thiam Tsui Tee , Yew Hoong Cheah , Rebecca Ng , Douglas Law , Shazrul Fazry

Considering the economic challenges associated with diabetes mellitus, it is essential to explore the viability of common dietary sources as supplementary remedies for individuals with diabetes. The current study is crafted to evaluate the combined extracts from Siraitia grosvenorii, Dimocarpus longan, and Orthosiphon stamineus for their synergistic antidiabetic effects using both in silico and in vitro methods. These assessments include DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity, α-amylase inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibition, DPP-4 inhibition, cytotoxicity, and glucose uptake kinetics. The combined formulation of S. grosvenorii, Dimocarpus longan and O. stamineus (SG + DL + OS) demonstrated promising DPPH inhibition with an IC₅₀ value of 9.11 ± 0.63 mg/mL. Moreover, it had inhibitory effects on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP-4 enzymes, with IC₅₀ values of 8.63 ± 0.35 mg/mL, 10.21 ± 0.13 mg/mL, and 12.01 ± 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, a notable increase (P < 0.05) in glucose uptake by L6 myoblasts was observed with the administration of various combinations. In silico analysis, which includes XP (extra-precision) docking and MM-GBSA (Molecular Mechanics, General Born Surface Area), revealed that 13 and 30 compounds within the combination exhibited substantial interactions and stable binding capabilities with α-amylase and DPP-4 proteins, signifying their potential as inhibitors for these enzymes. Consequently, it can be inferred that the combinations of S. grosvenorii, D. longan, and O. stamineus represent a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes management.

{"title":"In vitro and in silico synergistic antidiabetic effectiveness of several multi-drug combinations of Siraitia grosvenorii, Dimocarpus longan Lour., and Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. Extracts.","authors":"Jing Zhao , Ahmed Najm , Thiam Tsui Tee , Yew Hoong Cheah , Rebecca Ng , Douglas Law , Shazrul Fazry","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Considering the economic challenges associated with diabetes mellitus, it is essential to explore the viability of common dietary sources as supplementary remedies for individuals with diabetes. The current study is crafted to evaluate the combined extracts from <em>Siraitia grosvenorii</em>, <em>Dimocarpus longan</em>, and <em>Orthosiphon stamineus</em> for their synergistic antidiabetic effects using both <em>in silico</em> and <em>in vitro</em> methods. These assessments include DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity, α-amylase inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibition, DPP-4 inhibition, cytotoxicity, and glucose uptake kinetics. The combined formulation of <em>S. grosvenorii</em>, <em>Dimocarpus longan</em> and <em>O. stamineus</em> (<em>SG + DL + OS</em>) demonstrated promising DPPH inhibition with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 9.11 ± 0.63 mg/mL. Moreover, it had inhibitory effects on α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPP-4 enzymes, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of 8.63 ± 0.35 mg/mL, 10.21 ± 0.13 mg/mL, and 12.01 ± 0.31 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, a notable increase (<em>P</em> < 0.05) in glucose uptake by L6 myoblasts was observed with the administration of various combinations. <em>In silico</em> analysis, which includes XP (extra-precision) docking and MM-GBSA (Molecular Mechanics, General Born Surface Area), revealed that 13 and 30 compounds within the combination exhibited substantial interactions and stable binding capabilities with α-amylase and DPP-4 proteins, signifying their potential as inhibitors for these enzymes. Consequently, it can be inferred that the combinations of <em>S. grosvenorii</em>, <em>D. longan</em>, and <em>O. stamineus</em> represent a promising therapeutic approach for diabetes management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of single and combined (core/shell) biosynthesis of nanoparticles (Ag and ZnO) on their photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100356

Mansour S. Abdul Galil , Mohyeddine Al-qubati , Samir Osman Mohammed , Abdulqawi Numan , Ayman A. Raweh Saeed , Ebkar Abdo Ahmed Saif

Synthetic silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, singly or in core/shell form, have received significant attention for their numerous biomedical and health applications. This is due to their biocompatible, non-toxic, and catalytic nature. This work describes a novel approach to biosynthesizing Ag, ZnO, Ag/ZnO, and ZnO/Ag NPs from the leaf extract of Acalypha fruticose (AF). The study verified the formation of the nanoparticles through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra examination. The role of AF extract, as a reducing and capping agent, was revealed via phytochemical and FTIR studies. The nanoparticles were stable and crystallized, with crystal sizes ranging from 14 nm to 77 nm, according to X-ray diffractometer (XRD) examination. The crystallinity of Ag NPs increased significantly in the core/shell structure compared to single nanoparticles, especially in the shell position. The nanoparticles' crystal structure features were strongly associated with their shapes and sizes. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination indicated that the nanoparticles’ size ranged from 16 to 90 nm. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag NPs exhibited the highest inhibition efficiency, while the other nanoparticles also demonstrated promising results compared to previous studies. Additionally, the ZnO NPs were highly effective in degrading organic pollutants (dyes), achieving a remarkable degradation rate of 99.48% for methylene blue (MB) within 210 min.

{"title":"Effect of single and combined (core/shell) biosynthesis of nanoparticles (Ag and ZnO) on their photocatalytic and antimicrobial activities","authors":"Mansour S. Abdul Galil , Mohyeddine Al-qubati , Samir Osman Mohammed , Abdulqawi Numan , Ayman A. Raweh Saeed , Ebkar Abdo Ahmed Saif","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic silver (Ag) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, singly or in core/shell form, have received significant attention for their numerous biomedical and health applications. This is due to their biocompatible, non-toxic, and catalytic nature. This work describes a novel approach to biosynthesizing Ag, ZnO, Ag/ZnO, and ZnO/Ag NPs from the leaf extract of Acalypha fruticose (AF). The study verified the formation of the nanoparticles through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) spectra examination. The role of AF extract, as a reducing and capping agent, was revealed via phytochemical and FTIR studies. The nanoparticles were stable and crystallized, with crystal sizes ranging from 14 nm to 77 nm, according to X-ray diffractometer (XRD) examination. The crystallinity of Ag NPs increased significantly in the core/shell structure compared to single nanoparticles, especially in the shell position. The nanoparticles' crystal structure features were strongly associated with their shapes and sizes. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination indicated that the nanoparticles’ size ranged from 16 to 90 nm. The antimicrobial activity of the Ag NPs exhibited the highest inhibition efficiency, while the other nanoparticles also demonstrated promising results compared to previous studies. Additionally, the ZnO NPs were highly effective in degrading organic pollutants (dyes), achieving a remarkable degradation rate of 99.48% for methylene blue (MB) within 210 min.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 2","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143166743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identification of Gold targets using airborne geophysics and remote sensing data in part of northcentral Nigeria 利用机载地球物理和遥感数据在尼日利亚中北部部分地区确定黄金目标

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100347

Kehinde D. Oyeyemi , Solape S. Fadeyi , Akeem Adigun , Osagie A. Ekhaguere , Mohamed Metwaly

The exploration and utilization of economic mineral deposits are of paramount importance in driving the prosperity and progress of nations across the globe. An integrative approach of integrating aeromagnetic, airborne-radiometric, and remote-sensing methods was employed to assess gold mineralization zones within Paiko town in Niger state, northcentral Nigeria. Airborne-radiometric and remote-sensing datasets were utilized to map subsurface structures, lithological units, and hydrothermal alteration zones. The investigation delineated three major tectonic events along different directions: the ENE-WSW (D1) trending tectonic event, the WNW-ESE (D2) trending tectonic event, and NW-SE (D3) trending structural deformation event. The three deformation phases signify unique magnetic unit boundaries, lithological contacts, veins, and veinlets intrusions. These structures were interpreted as potential pathways for mineralization fluids. Moreover, the presence of high potassium-rich zones with low thorium/potassium ratio anomalies indicated potassium enrichments associated with sericite mica and K-feldspar minerals. The study also mapped various alterations of ferrous silicates, holding the potential to host gold and copper deposits, as well as endoskarn, epidot/chlorite/amphibole alterations, and phyllic minerals. Depth estimates derived from magnetic source parameters imaging techniques revealed that the mineralization targets in the area are relatively shallow, with depths ranging from the near-surface to less than 100 m. The delineation of mineralization zones in the study area convincingly demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating airborne geophysical and remote sensing data for exploring, developing, and managing subsurface mineral resources. This approach provides valuable insights into gold mineralization's presence, distribution, and characteristics, facilitating informed decision-making in mineral resource exploration and utilization.

经济矿产资源的开发利用，对推动世界各国繁荣进步具有重要意义。采用航空磁、航空辐射和遥感综合方法对尼日利亚中北部尼日尔州Paiko镇的金矿化带进行了评估。利用航空辐射和遥感数据集绘制地下构造、岩性单元和热液蚀变带。在不同方向上圈定了ENE-WSW （D1）向构造事件、WNW-ESE （D2）向构造事件和NW-SE （D3）向构造变形事件3个主要构造事件。三个变形阶段代表了独特的磁单元边界、岩性接触、脉状和脉状侵入。这些构造被解释为成矿流体的潜在通道。此外，低钍钾比异常的高富钾带的存在表明钾的富集与绢云母和钾长石矿物有关。该研究还绘制了含铁硅酸盐的各种变化，这些变化具有金矿和铜矿床的潜力，以及内矽卡岩、绿帘石/绿泥石/角闪洞变化和植物矿物。利用磁源参数成像技术进行深度估计，发现该区成矿目标较浅，深度从近地表到小于100 m。研究区矿化带的圈定，有力地证明了航空物探与遥感数据相结合在地下矿产资源勘探、开发和管理中的有效性。该方法为金矿化的存在、分布和特征提供了有价值的认识，为矿产资源勘查利用提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of fermentation conditions for 3-methylthio-1-propanol production by Saccharomycopsis fibuligera Y1402 in tobacco matrix 优化纤维酵母菌 Y1402 在烟草基质中生产 3-甲硫基-1-丙醇的发酵条件

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100345

Qi Sun , Xiaoyan Liu , Quanyu Zhou , Xinhui Peng , Xuemin Guo , Bo Kong , Huawu Yang , Chao Teng , Liujie Cheng , Chan Zhang , Zhen Ma , Guangsen Fan

3-methylthio-1-propanol (3-Met) is widely used as a flavoring substance in food flavoring. In this study, the fermentation conditions of Saccharomycopsis fibuligera Y1402 for 3-Met production were optimized in the tobacco matrix. Firstly, the optimization of the culture medium components and culture conditions was carried out through a single factor design. Then, a Plackett-Burman design was used to screen out factors that most significantly affected the production of 3-Met by S. fibuligera Y1402. The steepest ascending path design was used to identify the most significant response region. The optimal conditions for the production of 3-Met were determined using the Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface analysis. These conditions included a particle size of tobacco between 60 and 80 mesh, ammonium sulphate as the nitrogen source with a concentration of 2.4 g/L, L-methionine (L-Met) concentration of 3.1 g/L in the nutrient solution, an incubation time of 145 h, a moisture content of 83%, an initial pH of 5.5, a temperature of 29 °C, and an inoculation size of 1.6%. Under these conditions, the production of 3-Met reached 342.07 mg/g of tobacco. When the culture was scaled up, the conversion yield of 3-Met reached 1.07 g/g of tobacco. This suggests that fermenting this strain can increase the amount of 3-Met in tobacco leaves. This research offers a reference value for employing this strain to enhance the flavor components of crushed tobacco leaves, low-quality tobacco leaves, or tobacco stems, facilitating the processing of inferior tobacco leaves.

3-甲硫基-1-丙醇（3-Met）被广泛用作食品香料中的调味物质。本研究优化了纤维酵母菌 Y1402 在烟草基质中生产 3-Met 的发酵条件。首先，通过单因素设计对培养基成分和培养条件进行了优化。然后，采用普拉克特-伯曼设计（Plackett-Burman design）筛选出对纤维菌 Y1402 产生 3-Met 影响最大的因素。采用最陡上升路径设计来确定最重要的响应区域。利用箱-贝肯实验设计和响应面分析法确定了生产 3-Met 的最佳条件。这些条件包括：烟草的粒度在 60 至 80 目之间；硫酸铵作为氮源，浓度为 2.4 克/升；营养液中的 L-蛋氨酸（L-Met）浓度为 3.1 克/升；培养时间为 145 小时；含水量为 83%；初始 pH 值为 5.5；温度为 29 °C；接种量为 1.6%。在这些条件下，3-Met 的产量达到每克烟草 342.07 毫克。当扩大培养规模时，3-甲基甲烷的转化率达到 1.07 克/克烟草。这表明，发酵这种菌株可以增加烟叶中 3-Met 的含量。这项研究为利用该菌株提高碎烟叶、劣质烟叶或烟梗的风味成分提供了参考价值，有利于劣质烟叶的加工。

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引用次数: 0

Bayesian estimation strategy for multi-component geometric life testing model under doubly type-1 censoring scheme 双 1 型普查方案下多成分几何寿命测试模型的贝叶斯估计策略

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100339

Nadeem Akhtar , Muteb Faraj Alharthi , Sajjad Ahmad Khan , Akbar Ali Khan , Muhammad Amin

This study develops a Bayesian approach for estimating the unknown parameters of the 3-component mixture of geometric (3-CMG) model under a doubly type-I censoring scheme (DT1CS). The derivations of the Bayes estimators (BEs) and Bayes risks (BRs) are presented under square error loss function (SELF), precautionary loss function (PLF) and DeGroot loss function (DLF) using Beta prior under DT1CS. The strategy is evaluated through extensive simulation and real-life data analysis, showing the strength and efficiency of the newly proposed model. The study recommends that the SELF is the optimal choice for accurately estimating the unknown parameters of the 3-CMG model.

本研究开发了一种贝叶斯方法，用于估计双 I 型普查方案（DT1CS）下三分量混合几何模型（3-CMG）的未知参数。在 DT1CS 下使用 Beta 先验的平方误差损失函数（SELF）、预防性损失函数（PLF）和 DeGroot 损失函数（DLF）下，介绍了贝叶斯估计器（BEs）和贝叶斯风险（BRs）的推导。通过大量的模拟和实际数据分析，对该策略进行了评估，显示了新提出模型的优势和效率。研究建议 SELF 是准确估计 3-CMG 模型未知参数的最佳选择。

引用次数: 0

In silico analysis of point mutation (c.687dupC; p. Met230Hisfs∗6) in PGAM2 gene that causes Glycogen Storage Disease (GSD) Type X 导致糖原贮积症（GSD）X 型的 PGAM2 基因点突变（c.687dupC; p. Met230Hisfs∗6）的硅学分析

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100344

Ayesha Abid , Eman Nasir , Hassaan Mehboob Awan

Glycogen storage disease (GSD) type X is an autosomal recessive disorder that affects skeletal muscles and is caused by PGAM-2 (Phosphoglycerate Mutase-2) enzyme deficiency. This deficiency is due to a mutation in the PGAM-2 gene at chromosome number 7p13. A novel insertion mutation (c.687dupC) was reported recently in the Pakistani population. This study aimed to computationally study the effect of that mutation at the molecular level. Several in silico approaches were employed to understand the molecular mechanism behind PGAM2 enzyme deficiency. Modeling the wild-type and mutant PGAM2 protein revealed an absence of an alpha helix from the c-terminus. Binding site analysis showed the absence of a critical residue, Lysine-100, from the mutant. Moreover, changes in the binding affinities, intramolecular interactions, and intermolecular interactions were also observed.

糖原贮积病（GSD）X 型是一种常染色体隐性遗传疾病，会影响骨骼肌，是由 PGAM-2（磷酸甘油酸突变酶-2）酶缺乏症引起的。这种缺乏症是由于染色体 7p13 上的 PGAM-2 基因发生突变所致。最近在巴基斯坦人群中发现了一种新的插入突变（c.687dupC）。本研究旨在通过计算研究该突变在分子水平上的影响。为了了解 PGAM2 酶缺乏症背后的分子机制，我们采用了几种硅学方法。对野生型和突变型 PGAM2 蛋白进行建模后发现，其 c 端缺少一个 alpha 螺旋。结合位点分析表明，突变体缺少一个关键残基赖氨酸-100。此外，还观察到了结合亲和力、分子内相互作用和分子间相互作用的变化。

引用次数: 0

Bayesian estimation under different loss functions for the case of inverse Rayleigh distribution 反瑞利分布情况下不同损失函数下的贝叶斯估计

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100343

Ferra Yanuar , Muhammad Iqbal , Dodi Devianto , Aidinil Zetra , Yudiantri Asdi , Ridhatul Ilahi , Ridha Fadila Sani

In this study, the best parameter estimator for the scale parameter

(θ)

of the inverse Rayleigh distribution was determined based on a comparison of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) method, the Bayesian generalized squared error loss function (SELF), the Bayesian linear exponential loss function (LINEX LF), and the Bayesian entropy loss function (ELF). The prior distribution chosen was the non-informative prior, namely the Jeffrey prior, and the informative prior using the exponential distribution. The estimator evaluation method used was based on the smallest value of the Akaike information criterion (AIC), corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Based on simulation studies and real data, it was found that the best parameter estimator on the data for the scale parameter

(θ)

of the inverse Rayleigh distribution is the Bayes ELF prior exponential

({\hat{θ}}_{E E})

本研究在比较最大似然估计法（MLE）、贝叶斯广义平方误差损失函数（SELF）、贝叶斯线性指数损失函数（LINEX LF）和贝叶斯熵损失函数（ELF）的基础上，确定了反向瑞利分布尺度参数（θ）的最佳参数估计值。选择的先验分布是非信息先验（即杰弗里先验）和使用指数分布的信息先验。所使用的估计器评价方法基于阿卡伊克信息准则（AIC）、校正阿卡伊克信息准则（AICc）和贝叶斯信息准则（BIC）的最小值。根据模拟研究和实际数据，发现反向瑞利分布的尺度参数（θ）的最佳数据参数估计器是贝叶斯 ELF 先验指数（θˆEE）。

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