Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献_第4页

Sequencing KRT71 as a candidate gene for hair shape variation in dromedary camels

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100364

Kawther M. Akbar, Bader H. Alhajeri, Hasan Alhaddad

Mammalian breeds within different species display a distinct variation in hair shape. Genetic variants within the Keratin 71 (KRT71) gene were linked to curly hair in multiple species, making it a suitable candidate for investigating hair shape in under-studied species like the dromedary camel. Hair shape has been recently characterized in dromedary camels and classified into five categories: straight, C-shaped, wavy, ringed, and kinky. The objective of this study was to (1) sequence the coding regions of KRT71 gene (i.e., exons and intronic splicing regions) using a group of dromedary camels of different hair shapes, (2) identify polymorphisms, and (3) examine the relationship between the identified polymorphisms and hair shape. Tail-hair samples were collected from 102 different Arabian Peninsula camel-types and their DNA was extracted. For each individual camel, the coding and intronic splice regions of the KRT71 gene were amplified using multiple PCR reactions and the PCR products were then Sanger sequenced. The alignment of the generated sequences across the sampled 102 camels revealed a total of seventeen polymorphisms, five of which were in the coding region. Although some of these polymorphisms caused amino acid alterations, none of them fully explained the different hair shape categories in the dromedary camel. However, the identified variants may work and interact with variants in other genes to control hair shape. This study is the first to investigate hair shape genetics in dromedary camels, providing the basis for future selective breeding programs.

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引用次数: 0

Size-dependent catalytic and antibacterial effects of phytogenically synthesized silver nanoparticles

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100366

Thanh Long Phan , Thanh Tho Le , Van Dat Doan , Huynh Anh Vu Truong , Van Tan Le

This study describes an eco-friendly phytosynthesis method to produce two different-sized silver nanoparticles utilizing aqueous extracts derived from Desmodium styracifolium (Osbeck) Merr. (Fabaceae) (DS-AgNPs) and Helicteres hirsuta Lour. (Malvaceae) (HH-AgNPs). The optimization process including the four main parameters of extract-to-silver volume ratio, silver ion concentrations, reaction time, and reaction temperature, was carried out using Taguchi method. The characterization of the phyto-synthesized AgNPs involved UV–Vis, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis. A novel aspect of this study is the comparison of the catalytic and antibacterial activities of AgNPs with different sizes using extracts from two separate plant sources. The catalytic efficacy of AgNPs was investigated in the reduction reaction of methylene blue and bromocresol green using a sodium borohydride solution as a reducing agent. The antimicrobial assay demonstrated inhibitory effects against a range of bacterial strains including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enterica. The research findings confirm that size plays a vital role, as DS-AgNPs with an average diameter of 22 nm show a higher efficiency of catalytic and antibacterial activity compared to HH-AgNPs with an average diameter of 43 nm.

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引用次数: 0

Solution-processed room temperature nickel oxide hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100367

Afshin Hadipour

Nickle oxide (NiOx) dispersion coated at room temperature was prepared, acting as a hole transport layer for perovskite optoelectronics. The selectivity of the electrodes in a perovskite solar cell device strongly affects the device's performance and stability. This can be achieved by inserting semiconductor thin films with suitable energy levels and electrical conductivity between the perovskite active layer and the electrodes in the device. Different types of metal oxide-based interlayers with large variations in their electrical properties have been utilized as electron and hole transport layers. In this regard, a nickel oxide hole transport layer has demonstrated excellent results. The nickel oxide layer, which is about 10 nm thick, is fabricated by sputtering deposition or by a nickel oxide precursor with a high-temperature post-thermal annealing treatment in air between 200 °C and 300 °C. The perovskite active layer can be processed by wet coating methods and thermal treatments at much lower temperatures. It is, therefore, more cost-effective and product-compatible to fabricate solution-processed nickel oxide at room temperature. Here, we report a stable dispersion of nickel oxide nanoparticles in water processed at room temperature. The nickel oxide film was coated in air without any need for post-treatment, leading to a condensed nickel oxide (NiOx) film with suitable properties acting as an optimum hole transport layer for perovskite solar cells. This report demonstrates a solar cell device with an inverted structure based on solution-processed room temperature nickel oxide dispersion with high efficiency and good stability under maximum power point (MPP) conditions.

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引用次数: 0

In silico interaction of catalytic domain of Clostridioides difficile toxins TcdA and TcdB with some selected compounds from the SuperNatural 3.0 database

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100355

Samia S. Alkhalil

Clostridioides difficile is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhea globally. The pathogenesis of this bacterium is due to its virulence toxins, which inactivate the small GTPases from the Rho and Ras families in host cells, leading to the establishment of Clostridioides difficile infection. In a bid to avert this infection, compounds from SuperNatural 3.0 were screened against the catalytic glucosyltransferase domains of TcdA and TcdB using molecular docking analysis. The enzymes and the compounds were imported into the PyRx virtual screening software and docked accordingly. Post-docking interactions were visualized using Discovery Studio software. The binding energies resulting from the interaction of the compounds and the enzymes were within the range of −8.9 to −11.4 kcal/mol and −7.6 to −11.2 kcal/mol for TcdA and TcdB respectively, suggesting fairly strong binding affinities. Ligands that have the potential to be considered for drug discovery have binding energy less than −6.0 kcal/mol (or −8.0 kcal/mol in some cases). This is associated with the hydrogen bonds and other interactions between the molecules and the amino acids found within the toxins. The pharmacokinetic profiling revealed the compounds to be relatively safe, with SN0161212, SN0032215, and SN0084749 passing Lipinski's rule of five, with none predicted to cause human hepatotoxicity or drug-induced liver injury. The findings from this research suggest that the SuperNatural 3.0 compounds (SN0161212, SN0032215, and SN0084749) possessed the potential to inhibit Clostridioides difficile toxins. Hence, the compounds could serve as a stepping stone in designing potent inhibitor(s) against Clostridioides difficile toxins.

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引用次数: 0

Ecophysiological characteristics of local fruit species at seedling stage for effective revegetation programs in Tropical Asia

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100353

Salsabilah Najah Syifa , Wahyu Widoretno , Lia Hapsari

This study aims to identify and evaluate the ecophysiological characteristics of seven local fruit species at the seedling stage for revegetation programs, including durian (Durio zibethinus), java plum (Syzygium cumini), kecapi (Sandoricum koetjape), longan (Dimocarpus longan), mango (Mangifera indica), matoa (Pometia pinnata), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum). The research was conducted in the nursery of Purwodadi Botanic Garden, Pasuruan, East Java, which has a lowland and dry tropical climate. The ecophysiological characteristics were observed 16 weeks after the seedlings germinated, including the traits of leaf, stem, root, and relative growth rate. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that each fruit species at the seedling stage has typical ecophysiological characteristics. Durian dominated traits related to leaf and stem. Java plum had the highest specific root length. Mango exhibited the highest relative growth rate. Two characters were identified as crucial determinants for predicting optimal growth performance at the seedling stage, i.e., stem weight ratio and specific leaf area. The PCA biplot resulted in three groups. Durian, kecapi, and rambutan (Group I) are fast-growing, shade-adapted, and low-flammable species. Java plum and longan (Group II) are drought-adapted species. Matoa and mango (Group III) are competitive and resilient to physical hazards species. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for recommendations on selecting local fruit species suitable for specific purposes and environmental conditions, thus supporting higher success and effective revegetation programs, particularly in Indonesia and Tropical Asia in general.

{"title":"Ecophysiological characteristics of local fruit species at seedling stage for effective revegetation programs in Tropical Asia","authors":"Salsabilah Najah Syifa , Wahyu Widoretno , Lia Hapsari","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to identify and evaluate the ecophysiological characteristics of seven local fruit species at the seedling stage for revegetation programs, including durian (<em>Durio zibethinus</em>), java plum (<em>Syzygium cumini</em>), kecapi (<em>Sandoricum koetjape</em>), longan (<em>Dimocarpus longan</em>), mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em>), matoa (<em>Pometia pinnata</em>), and rambutan (<em>Nephelium lappaceum</em>). The research was conducted in the nursery of Purwodadi Botanic Garden, Pasuruan, East Java, which has a lowland and dry tropical climate. The ecophysiological characteristics were observed 16 weeks after the seedlings germinated, including the traits of leaf, stem, root, and relative growth rate. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson correlation, and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that each fruit species at the seedling stage has typical ecophysiological characteristics. Durian dominated traits related to leaf and stem. Java plum had the highest specific root length. Mango exhibited the highest relative growth rate. Two characters were identified as crucial determinants for predicting optimal growth performance at the seedling stage, i.e., stem weight ratio and specific leaf area. The PCA biplot resulted in three groups. Durian, kecapi, and rambutan (Group I) are fast-growing, shade-adapted, and low-flammable species. Java plum and longan (Group II) are drought-adapted species. Matoa and mango (Group III) are competitive and resilient to physical hazards species. The findings of this study can serve as a basis for recommendations on selecting local fruit species suitable for specific purposes and environmental conditions, thus supporting higher success and effective revegetation programs, particularly in Indonesia and Tropical Asia in general.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New comprehensive mean estimation using regression-cum-exponential type estimator: Application with neutrosophic data

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100346

Abdullah Mohammed Alomair , Sohaib Ahmad

When the point estimator is used to estimate population parameters, it provides a single value. In such a scenario, the neutrosophic method is beneficial for estimating the parameters of interest in sampling theory as it yields interval estimates where the parameter value mainly originates. Neutrosophic statistics focuses on uncertain or imprecise data. In this article, we suggest a new enhanced neutrosophic class of estimators to estimate the population mean. The properties (bias and mean squared error) are derived from the first-degree approximation. The suggested estimators are useful when working with uncertain, unclear, neutrosophic-type data. The best possible values of the defining scalars characterizing constants and the minimum neutrosophic mean squared error (MSE) for the suggested estimators are determined for these ideal values. Neutrosophic estimators outperform their classical counterparts because the existing estimated interval includes the minimum MSE when estimating the population mean. We use a simulation study and a real dataset from the Islamabad Stock Exchange. Variations in parameter and estimator combinations are reflected in the MSE values. From the numerical results, the estimators

{\hat{\overline{Y}}}_{P N}

,

{\hat{\overline{Y}}}_{S K N}

, and

{\hat{\overline{Y}}}_{A N}

have substantially higher MSE values, suggesting more significant estimation error. The estimators

{\hat{\overset{═}{Y}}}_{G P i}

(i = 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) show better accuracy performance with relatively minimum MSE values. The numerical outcome shows that the suggested classes of estimators perform well as compared to the existing estimators.

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引用次数: 0

Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane reusable catalyst for hydroalkylation of styrenes with 1, 3-dicarbonyl compounds in PEG

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100348

Sushma Garapati , Gowri Sankar Redipalli , Babi Lakkoju , Vandana Vemulapalli

The popularity of boron-based catalysis has increased significantly in the field of organic synthesis over the last few decades. As a prominent group of Lewis acid catalysts, halogenated triarylboranes are a potential hydroalkylation catalyst. This research has proposed an effective method for tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane-catalyzed hydroalkylation of different styrenes with various 1, 3 diketones to generate the corresponding alkylated pentane diones in good to exceptional isolated yields. In the current study, we describe polyethylene glycol (PEG) as an effective solvent for the hydroalkylation of C–C bond formation, catalyzed by tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TFPB). We have observed that the catalyst is easily and efficiently recycled during this transition.

引用次数: 0

Exploring protective mechanisms with triazine ring and hydroxyethyl groups: Experimental and theoretical insights

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100341

Roza Durdubaeva , Khasan Beknazarov , Abror Nomozov , Muslum Demir , Elyor Berdimurodov , Biybimaryam Xojametova , Omar Dagdag , Avni Berisha , Abdulaziz Kurbanov , Yorkin Rakhmatullaev , Khasan Berdimuradov

The current study investigates the protective mechanisms of a novel triazine-based compound, 2,2′,2''-((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris (azanediyl))triethanol (TATTE) (for carbon steel protection in 0.5 M sulfuric acid) were investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses unveiled that TATTE serves as a protective agent with a dual inhibitory mechanism, showcasing exceptional efficiency exceeding 96%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations demonstrated the formation of a protective layer by TATTE on the surface of carbon steel. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations offered valuable insights into the favorable adsorption of both the neutral and protonated forms of TATTE through interactions between their functional groups and the steel surface. Molecular dynamics simulations further substantiated this, revealing that the neutral molecule exhibits physical adsorption, while the protonated form engages in stronger chemical adsorption, as evidenced by binding energies and radial distribution functions. The superior protective mechanism performance observed in our experiments can be attributed to the synergistic adsorption of TATTE, facilitated by the presence of the triazine ring and multiple hydroxyl groups.

{"title":"Exploring protective mechanisms with triazine ring and hydroxyethyl groups: Experimental and theoretical insights","authors":"Roza Durdubaeva , Khasan Beknazarov , Abror Nomozov , Muslum Demir , Elyor Berdimurodov , Biybimaryam Xojametova , Omar Dagdag , Avni Berisha , Abdulaziz Kurbanov , Yorkin Rakhmatullaev , Khasan Berdimuradov","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current study investigates the protective mechanisms of a novel triazine-based compound, 2,2′,2''-((1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris (azanediyl))triethanol (TATTE) (for carbon steel protection in 0.5 M sulfuric acid) were investigated. Potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analyses unveiled that TATTE serves as a protective agent with a dual inhibitory mechanism, showcasing exceptional efficiency exceeding 96%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations demonstrated the formation of a protective layer by TATTE on the surface of carbon steel. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations offered valuable insights into the favorable adsorption of both the neutral and protonated forms of TATTE through interactions between their functional groups and the steel surface. Molecular dynamics simulations further substantiated this, revealing that the neutral molecule exhibits physical adsorption, while the protonated form engages in stronger chemical adsorption, as evidenced by binding energies and radial distribution functions. The superior protective mechanism performance observed in our experiments can be attributed to the synergistic adsorption of TATTE, facilitated by the presence of the triazine ring and multiple hydroxyl groups.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficiency comparison of maximum likelihood estimation in log–logistic distribution using median ranked set sampling

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100350

Alaa Jamal, Monjed H. Samuh

This paper investigates maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the scale parameter, denoted as

α

, and shape parameter, denoted as

β

, in the context of the log–logistic distribution, employing median ranked set sampling (MRSS). The study examines the scenarios where one of the parameters is known and cases where both parameters are unknown. The derived estimators based on MRSS are compared with conventional estimators in simple random sampling (SRS) and ranked set sampling (RSS), evaluating biases, mean squared errors, and relative efficiencies across various set and cycle sizes. Closed-form expressions of the Fisher information concerning the unknown parameters are obtained using the Mellin transform. A Monte Carlo simulation study is conducted using R software with 10,000 repetitions. Results indicate that when

β

is known, the MLE of

α

based on MRSS demonstrates the highest efficiency, whereas when

α

is known, the MLE of

β

based on RSS exhibits superior efficiency. In cases where both parameters are unknown, the MLEs of

α

and

β

based on MRSS and RSS outperform those obtained through SRS.

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引用次数: 0

Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Delphinium denudatum Wall. Evaluated by validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography and in vitro assays

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352

Nadeem A. Siddique

Delphinium is a plant with healing properties that can be viewed as a natural source of antioxidants. This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of Delphinium denudatum root methanolic extract (DDRME) in biomedical research and antioxidant therapy by examining its effects and mechanisms of action in protecting cell growth from free radical damage. D. denudatum root methanolic extract was evaluated using densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) to measure the amount of biomarker antioxidant candidate. Quercetin, a bioactive compound also known as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one, was isolated on silica gel 60F254 aluminum plates (500–4000 ngspot⁻¹; r² = 0.992 ± 0.0002; Rf:0.48 ± 0.02) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed by in vitro antioxidant assay through testing the inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) for nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl radical (OH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide radical scavenging (SO2^.-), in addition to examining antimicrobial activity. Quantitative analysis indicated that DDRME contained high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity, leading to a significant inhibition of the produced free radicals. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed higher antioxidant potential compared to other assays, indicating a strong correlation (r² = 0.978) between bioactive components and antioxidant capabilities. D. denudatum root methanolic extract (DDRME) has the potential to be used as an eco-friendly medication to defend humans from microbial diseases, as polyphenolics effectively hinder the capability of microbes by increasing antioxidant enzyme function.

{"title":"Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of Delphinium denudatum Wall. Evaluated by validated high-performance thin-layer chromatography and in vitro assays","authors":"Nadeem A. Siddique","doi":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.kjs.2024.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Delphinium</em> is a plant with healing properties that can be viewed as a natural source of antioxidants. This study was conducted to investigate the potential benefits of <em>Delphinium denudatum</em> root methanolic extract (DDRME) in biomedical research and antioxidant therapy by examining its effects and mechanisms of action in protecting cell growth from free radical damage. <em>D. denudatum</em> root methanolic extract was evaluated using densitometric high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) to measure the amount of biomarker antioxidant candidate. Quercetin, a bioactive compound also known as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3,5,7-trihydroxychromen-4-one, was isolated on silica gel 60F254 aluminum plates (500–4000 ngspot<sup>−1</sup>; r<sup>2</sup> = 0.992 ± 0.0002; <em>R</em>f:0.48 ± 0.02) at a wavelength of 254 nm. The antioxidant capabilities were assessed by <em>in vitro</em> antioxidant assay through testing the inhibitory concentration (IC<sub>50</sub>) for nitric oxide (NO), hydroxyl radical (OH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and superoxide radical scavenging (SO2<sup>.-</sup>), in addition to examining antimicrobial activity. Quantitative analysis indicated that DDRME contained high levels of phenolics, flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity, leading to a significant inhibition of the produced free radicals. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay showed higher antioxidant potential compared to other assays, indicating a strong correlation (<em>r</em><sup><em>2</em></sup> = 0.978) between bioactive components and antioxidant capabilities. <em>D. denudatum</em> root methanolic extract (DDRME) has the potential to be used as an eco-friendly medication to defend humans from microbial diseases, as polyphenolics effectively hinder the capability of microbes by increasing antioxidant enzyme function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17848,"journal":{"name":"Kuwait Journal of Science","volume":"52 1","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0