Kuwait Journal of Science最新文献_第8页

Morpho-biochemical evaluation and biodiversity assessment of multi-origin apricot cultivars in Algeria 阿尔及利亚多产地杏品种形态生化评价及生物多样性评价

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100463

Kaouther Boutiti , Awais Ali , Ines Bellil , Douadi Khelifi

Fruit quality is a major concern for distributors, producers, and consumers alike, and it is mostly determined by facets related to nutrients and taste. The development of cultivated Prunus species, such as apricot trees, is influenced by multiple factors in which the disruptions can lead not only to reduced production but also to a loss of genetic diversity. This study was aimed at investigating the genetic diversity and analysing the traits related to apricot's fruit quality through morphological characterization, including both qualitative and quantitative traits, biochemical analysis, including pH, total soluble solids (TSS), and titratable acidity (TA), and protein analysis by using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gel. The results revealed significant variability among the apricot cultivars for morpho-biochemical as well as protein analysis. Morphological analysis revealed that cultivars such as Boufarik, Khad Romia, Lokmi, Pavi, and Bish yielded medium-sized fruits, while in terms of red hue in the overcolour, cultivars namely Tounsi, Polonais, Rosi, and Louzi were the prominent ones. In terms of medium firmness, Tounsi, Boufarik, and Khad Romia were remarkable, while a predominant skin colour of light orange was observed in Boulachourand and Louzi cultivars. On the other hand, biochemical analysis showed that the cultivars with TSS exceeding exhibited better fruit quality, while the cultivars such as Pavi and Polonais yielded lower TSS than 12°Brix. Similarly, the Lokmi cultivar recorded TA below 0.90 %, and Tounsi, Bedai, Khad Romia, Monte, Bensermoukh, Boulachour, Rosi, Lokmi Louzi, and wild apricot had pH above 3, marking them as the cultivars with high taste quality. SDS-PAGE analysis highlighted the diversity among cultivars by displaying distinct protein bands, which can be useful as a biochemical marker. Variations were observed at 337 kDa, between 130 kDa and 72 kDa, and at 59 kDa and 47 kDa. The results obtained qualify these varieties for large-scale commercial use due to their gustatory qualities and identify them as promising candidates in breeding programs.

水果质量是分销商、生产商和消费者都非常关心的问题，它主要是由营养和味道相关的方面决定的。杏树等栽培李属植物的发育受到多种因素的影响，这些因素的干扰不仅会导致产量下降，还会导致遗传多样性的丧失。本研究旨在通过形态分析（包括定性和定量性状）、生化分析（包括pH、总可溶性固形物（TSS）和可滴定酸度（TA））和蛋白质分析（利用十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）凝胶分析），研究杏果实品质的遗传多样性和相关性状。结果表明，在形态生化和蛋白质分析方面，杏品种间存在显著差异。形态分析表明，Boufarik、Khad Romia、Lokmi、Pavi和Bish等品种果实中等大小，而在颜色上，Tounsi、Polonais、Rosi和Louzi是突出的红色品种。中等硬度方面，tousi、Boufarik和Khad Romia表现出色，而Boulachourand和Louzi品种的主要肤色为浅橙色。另一方面，生化分析表明，TSS高于12°Brix的品种果实品质较好，而Pavi和Polonais等品种的TSS低于12°Brix。Lokmi品种的TA值在0.90%以下，Tounsi、Bedai、Khad Romia、Monte、Bensermoukh、Boulachour、Rosi、Lokmi Louzi和wild杏的pH值在3以上，是口感品质较高的品种。SDS-PAGE分析通过显示不同的蛋白质条带，突出了品种间的多样性，可以作为生物化学标记。在337 kDa、130 kDa和72 kDa之间以及59 kDa和47 kDa之间观察到变化。结果表明，这些品种具有良好的味觉品质，适合大规模商业使用，并在育种计划中具有良好的前景。

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引用次数: 0

Surface functionalized on polystyrene-gold urchin for determining brain injury biomarker 聚苯乙烯-金海胆表面功能化测定脑损伤生物标志物

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100462

Ming Qiao, Yan Peng, Ting Yan, Jie Liu, JingFang Yue, Qing Zhu, XueGang Peng, Shuangxia Xiong, Gang Wen

Researchers are focusing on developing materials-aided biosensing strategies and utilizing blood-based biomarkers for traumatic brain injury (TBI) diagnosis. This study aims to develop a highly sensitive method for detecting the TBI biomarker S100β using a gold urchin-mediated ELISA. In this approach, anti-S100β polyclonal antibodies were attached to a polystyrene substrate via gold urchins. S100β was sandwiched between polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies, achieving a limit of detection of 1 pg/mL with an R² value of 0.9419 [y = 0.095x - 0.0206] on the linear curve within the range of 0.001–1000 ng/mL. This method displayed better performance compared to conventional ELISA without gold urchins, which had [y = 0.0857x - 0.0763, R² = 0.9736]. Furthermore, control experiments with γ-aminobutyric acid and glial fibrillary acidic proteins did not increase optical density, confirming the specific detection of S100β. This S100β biosensor has brought a novelty with a unique nanomaterial to enhance the polystyrene surface area and effectively detects low levels of S100β, aiding the diagnosis of brain injury.

研究人员正致力于开发材料辅助生物传感策略和利用基于血液的生物标志物进行创伤性脑损伤（TBI）诊断。本研究旨在建立一种利用金海胆介导的酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测TBI生物标志物S100β的高灵敏度方法。在这种方法中，抗s100 β多克隆抗体通过金海胆附着在聚苯乙烯底物上。S100β夹在多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体之间，在0.001 ~ 1000 ng/mL的线性曲线上，检测限为1 pg/mL， R2值为0.9419 [y = 0.095x ~ 0.0206]。与不含金海胆的常规ELISA相比，该方法具有更好的检测效果[y = 0.0857x - 0.0763, R2 = 0.9736]。此外，γ-氨基丁酸和胶质纤维酸性蛋白的对照实验没有增加光密度，证实了S100β的特异性检测。这种S100β生物传感器带来了一种新奇的东西，它使用独特的纳米材料来增强聚苯乙烯的表面积，并有效地检测低水平的S100β，帮助诊断脑损伤。

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引用次数: 0

Green tea yogurt supplemented with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei E1 microcapsules affects the hematopoietic cells in BALB/c obese mice 绿茶酸奶中添加副干酪乳杆菌E1微胶囊对BALB/c肥胖小鼠造血细胞的影响

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100457

Nur Alfi Maghfirotus Sa'adah , Esha Ardiansyah , Dawama Nur Fadlilah , Rahmi Izati , Belinda Nabiila Al Faizah , Septhyanti Aprilia Kavitarna , Mochammad Fitri Atho'illah , Siti Nur Arifah , Hideo Tsuboi , Yoga Dwi Jatmiko , Muhaimin Rifa'i

Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome due to low-grade chronic inflammation. The inflammation caused an imbalance of blood cell production in the hematopoietic system. The study aimed to investigate the effects of green tea yogurt supplemented with probiotic microcapsules (GTYP) on the immune profile of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow. The microencapsulation procedure was performed using double-coated alginate-chitosan. Mice were treated with a normal diet (ND) and high-fat fructose diet (HFFD) for 12 weeks, then divided into seven groups, namely, ND: normal diet; HFFD: high-fat fructose diet; HFFD + simv: HFFD + simvastatin 1.3 mg/kg BW; HFFD + PY: HFFD + plain yogurt 5 g/kg BW; HFFD + GTYP1: HFFD + GTYP 2.5 g/kg BW; HFFD + GTYP2: HFFD + GTYP 5 g/kg BW; and HFFD + GTYP3: HFFD + GTYP 10 g/kg BW. The hematopoietic cells were isolated through a flushing-out procedure, and cells were stained with specific antibodies. The expression of hematopoietic cells such as tissue erythroid reagent (TER)119⁺, clusters of differentiation (CD)34⁺, TER119⁺CD55⁺, TER119⁺, Very Late Antigen (VLA)-4⁺, and Gr-1⁺ were measured using flow cytometry and statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Duncan test. The results show that the HFFD group reduces the expression of TER119⁺CD34⁺ (0.015 %) and TER119⁺VLA-4⁺ (0.18 %) but increases the expression of granulocytes (Gr)-1⁺ (57.83 %). GTYP treatment significantly increased the levels of red blood cell progenitor and protein regulator, while the level of Gr-1⁺ decreased after treatment (p < 0.05). The combination of green tea, which is high in polyphenol content, and probiotic L. paracasei E1 microcapsules in the yogurt acts as an anti-inflammatory agent and improves the homeostasis of the hematopoietic system.

肥胖与低度慢性炎症引起的代谢综合征有关。炎症引起造血系统中血细胞生成的不平衡。本研究旨在探讨绿茶酸奶中添加益生菌微胶囊（GTYP）对骨髓造血细胞免疫特性的影响。采用双包被海藻酸-壳聚糖进行微胶囊化。小鼠分别给予正常饮食（ND）和高脂果糖饮食（HFFD） 12周，然后分为7组，即ND：正常饮食；HFFD：高脂肪果糖饮食；HFFD + simv: HFFD +辛伐他汀1.3 mg/kg BW；HFFD + PY: HFFD +原味酸奶5 g/kg BW；HFFD + GTYP1: HFFD + GTYP1 2.5 g/kg BW；HFFD + GTYP2: HFFD + GTYP2 5 g/kg BW；HFFD + GTYP3: HFFD + GTYP3 10 g/kg BW。通过冲洗程序分离造血细胞，并用特异性抗体对细胞进行染色。采用流式细胞术检测组织红细胞（TER）119+、分化簇（CD）34+、TER119+CD55+、TER119+、Very Late Antigen (VLA)-4+、Gr-1+等造血细胞的表达，采用方差分析（ANOVA）和Duncan检验进行统计学分析。结果显示，HFFD组降低了TER119+CD34+(0.015%)和TER119+VLA-4+(0.18%)的表达，增加了粒细胞(Gr)-1+(57.83%)的表达。GTYP治疗后红细胞祖细胞和蛋白调节因子水平显著升高，而Gr-1+水平降低(p <；0.05)。酸奶中多酚含量高的绿茶与益生菌副干酪乳杆菌E1微胶囊的结合可以起到抗炎剂的作用，改善造血系统的稳态。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of substrate, urea supplementation, and liming on the yield and antioxidant activities of Pleurotus sajor-caju M2345 and Pleurotus ostreatus M2191 底物、尿素添加和石灰化对杏鲍菇M2345和平菇M2191产量和抗氧化活性的影响

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100456

Tirngo Begashaw , Asmamaw Tesfaw

Pleurotus species are grown because of their high yield potential, high nutritional and therapeutic value, and ease of growth. This research aimed to evaluate the yield and antioxidant activities of Pleurotus sajor-caju M2345 and Pleurotus ostreatus M2191 grown on different lignocellulosic substrates, including crop weeds, hairy willow herbs, cottonseeds, and water hyacinth. The growing media were made from 90 % substrates, 8 % wheat bran, and 2 % gypsum. The effects of supplementation with urea and calcium carbonate on the yield and antioxidant activities of oyster mushrooms were also investigated. The highest total yield and biological efficiency for P. sajor-caju M2345 and P. ostreatus M2191 were 870.31 g, 145.1 %, and 641.87 g, 107 %, respectively, on 25 % hairy willow herb waste and 75 % cottonseed waste during the dry season. The lowest total yield and biological efficiency of P. ostreatus M2191 and P. sajor-caju M2345 were obtained from T5 (75 % weed+25 % cottonseed). The best lime and urea concentrations for improving the yield of the Pleurotus species were 4 % and 1 %, respectively. The Pleurotus species grown with 100 % cottonseed waste (T1) and an equal ratio of hairy willow herb to cotton seed presented the highest DPPH free radical scavenging activity. This study provides novel insights into the synergistic effects of liming, urea addition, and agricultural residues as substrates for sustainable Pleurotus production and highlights the combined role of substrate composition and supplementation in enhancing the yield and antioxidant activities of oyster mushrooms. The findings contribute to the development of cost-effective and eco-friendly strategies for mushroom cultivation.

侧耳菇品种因其高产潜力、高营养和治疗价值以及易于生长而被种植。本研究旨在评价不同木质纤维素基质（包括农作物杂草、毛柳、棉籽和水葫芦）上平菇M2345和平菇M2191的产量和抗氧化活性。培养基由90%底物、8%麦麸和2%石膏组成。研究了添加尿素和碳酸钙对平菇产量和抗氧化活性的影响。旱季处理25%毛柳草废弃物和75%棉籽废弃物时，P. sajoro -caju M2345和P. ostreatus M2191的总产量和生物效率最高，分别为870.31 g、145.1%和641.87 g、107%。在T5（75%杂草+ 25%棉籽）条件下，ostreatus M2191和P. sajor-caju M2345的总产量和生物效率最低。提高侧耳菇产量的最佳石灰和尿素浓度分别为4%和1%。以100%棉籽废（T1）和棉籽与毛柳等比例培养的侧耳菌对DPPH自由基的清除能力最高。本研究为石灰化、尿素添加和农业残留物作为底物对平菇可持续生产的协同效应提供了新的见解，并强调了底物组成和添加在提高平菇产量和抗氧化活性方面的综合作用。这些发现有助于开发具有成本效益和生态友好的蘑菇栽培策略。

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引用次数: 0

Diversity and variability of biomolecules under material and environmental factors in Cymbopogon citratus L., traditional uses, antimicrobial properties, and recommendations for future research 材料和环境因素下香茅生物分子的多样性和变异性、传统用途、抗菌特性及未来研究建议

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100459

Noura Jaouad , Ahmed Tazi , Faouzi Errachidi , Souad Maache , Belkheir Hammouti , Mustapha Taleb

Studies conducted on Cymbopogon citratus L., or lemon grass, have identified several active compounds that promote a variety of biological functions. However, existing data demonstrates a significant variability in the quality and quantity of chemicals that impact their biological properties and medicinal uses of the plant. Therefore, this study summarizes existing data on the diversity and variability of bioactive compounds in extracts of Cymbopogon citratus, their traditional uses, and their antimicrobial properties. To achieve these goals, we used an electronic literature review using targeted keywords related to the study topics and research gathered from papers published between 1980 and 2024. Recorded data demonstrated a wide range of chemical compounds, including polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenes, etc. These chemicals were variable between extracts and essential oils depending on plant materials, growing conditions, and extraction methods. Due to their richness in chemicals, different parts and extracts of Cymbopogon citratus are used in traditional medicine to manage anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiarrheal, antiamoebic, antifilarial, antiseptic, antitussive, analgesic, anesthetic, and anti-inflammatory diseases. In terms of antimicrobial activities, extracts and essential oils, as well as their components, showed a significant inhibitory effect against bacteria, fungi, and viral agents. These inhibitory effects are related to the capacity of bioactive molecules to impact the cells and intracellular components of treated microorganisms. To confirm these early findings, more in vitro and in vivo research on the anticancer and antioxidant mechanisms revealed by lemongrass components is necessary. Equally, in silico studies are needed to clarify the action mechanism of chemical compounds contained in the extracts and essential oils of lemongrass.

对Cymbopogon citratus L.或柠檬草进行的研究已经鉴定出几种促进多种生物功能的活性化合物。然而，现有数据表明，影响植物生物特性和药用的化学品在质量和数量上存在显著差异。因此，本研究对香茅提取物中生物活性成分的多样性和变异性、传统用途和抗菌特性进行了综述。为了实现这些目标，我们使用了电子文献综述，使用了与研究主题相关的目标关键词，并收集了1980年至2024年间发表的论文。记录的数据显示了广泛的化学成分，包括多酚、类黄酮、萜烯等。这些化学物质在提取物和精油之间是可变的，这取决于植物材料、生长条件和提取方法。由于其丰富的化学成分，香橼的不同部分和提取物在传统医学中被用于治疗抗癌、抗菌、止泻、抗阿米巴、抗丝虫病、抗菌、止咳、镇痛、麻醉和抗炎疾病。在抗菌活性方面，提取物和精油及其成分对细菌、真菌和病毒具有显著的抑制作用。这些抑制作用与生物活性分子影响被处理微生物的细胞和细胞内成分的能力有关。为了证实这些早期发现，有必要对柠檬草成分所揭示的抗癌和抗氧化机制进行更多的体外和体内研究。同样，需要进行计算机研究，以阐明柠檬草提取物和精油中所含化合物的作用机制。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of toxicity profile of Mollusca hemolymph: Insight into its potential biocompatibility and anti-biofilm efficacy 软体动物血淋巴毒性的评估：对其潜在生物相容性和抗生物膜功效的洞察

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100455

Minati Soren , Sambit Kumar Mishra , Awdhesh Kumar Mishra , Pradipta Ranjan Rauta , Jibanjyoti Panda , Sarvesh Rustagi , Seydur Rahman , Yugal Kishore Mohanta , Debasis Nayak

Traditional food habits followed by indigenous populations have a huge potential in providing nutrition to the world community aided with nutritional supplements. The phylum mollusca can provide alternative supplements for food and biochemical potentials. In the current investigation, the hemolymph of Pomacea canaliculata, Achatina fulica, and Lamellidense marginalis was collected through the heart puncture method and they were characterized through fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), antioxidant activity, hemolysis, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity. The collected hemolymph demonstrated a prominent 65 kDa protein band in Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate- Poly Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The hemolymph samples exhibited strong antioxidant activity against standard free radicals. They were found to be highly haemocompatible through hemolysis and hemagglutination assay. The hemolymph exhibited antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Vibrio cholerae. All the test samples demonstrated high biofilm inhibiting activity through tube assay and Congo red assay. The hemolymph extracts confirmed dose dependent cell toxicity against the A431 skin carcinoma cells. Hence, this study provides an insight into the potential application of the hemolymph in various biomedical applications, which can be validated through future in vitro experimentations.

土著居民遵循的传统饮食习惯在向国际社会提供营养方面具有巨大的潜力。软体动物门可以为食物和生化潜能提供替代补充。本研究采用心脏穿刺法采集了小管Pomacea canaliculata、黄芩（Achatina fulica）和薄板草（Lamellidense marginalis）的血淋巴，并通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱（ICP-OES）、抗氧化活性、溶血活性、抗菌活性和抗生物膜活性等方法对其进行了表征。经十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE），发现血淋巴有一条明显的65 kDa蛋白带。血淋巴样品对标准自由基表现出较强的抗氧化活性。通过溶血和凝血试验，发现它们具有高度的血液相容性。血淋巴对致病性大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌和霍乱弧菌具有抗菌活性。通过试管实验和刚果红实验，所有样品均显示出较高的生物膜抑制活性。血淋巴提取物对A431皮肤癌细胞具有剂量依赖性的细胞毒性。因此，本研究为血淋巴在各种生物医学应用中的潜在应用提供了新的思路，可以通过未来的体外实验进行验证。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of Citrullus colocynthis mediated silver nanoparticles against toxicity and demographic characteristics of the Oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) 瓜泥藻介导的纳米银对桔小实蝇毒力及种群特征的影响

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100458

Dilawar Khan , Asim Gulzar , Mohammad Tariq , Rashid Mehmood Rana

Bactrocera dorsalis is a major destructive pest in the Asia-Pacific regions because of its very broad range of host plants. Due to indiscriminate application of pesticides, the B. dorsalis has developed resistance to insecticides. The phytosynthesized AgNPs have potential for application as an alternative to synthetic pesticides in the management of B. dorsalis infestations. Therefore, in this study we examined the toxicity of Citrullus colocynthis-synthesized AgNPs against B. dorsalis and their effects on life table parameters. The results revealed that AgNPs are face-centric in nature, having an average size of 37 nm. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis identified different bioactive compounds that helped in the reduction of Ag ions into AgNPs. The toxicity bioassay results confirmed that phytosynthesized Cc-AgNPs caused higher mortality than other tested treatment, and the LC₅₀ values of Cc-AgNPs were 0.270 g/L for larvae and 0.0.413 g/L for adults. These concentrations were subsequently applied in investigating the demographic profiles of B. dorsalis. In comparison with the control and standard trichlorfon treatment, immature duration and adult longevity were significantly increased by Cc-AgNPs. The key population parameters, such as intrinsic rate of increase (r = 0.1026 d⁻¹), finite rate of increase (λ = 1.1081 d⁻¹) and net reproductive rate (R_o = 121.12 offspring), were significantly lower in the Cc-AgNPs. In addition, the fecundity of female B. dorsalis was decreased considerably in Cc-AgNPs. In conclusion, phytosynthesized Cc-AgNPs exhibit potential as an innovative Integrated Pest Management (IPM) tool for controlling B. dorsalis populations.

桔小实蝇寄主范围广泛，是亚太地区的主要害虫。由于滥施农药，桔色小蠊已产生抗药性。植物合成AgNPs具有替代合成农药治理背孢白僵菌侵染的潜力。因此，本研究考察了瓜泥合成AgNPs对背芽孢杆菌的毒性及其对生命表参数的影响。结果表明，AgNPs本质上是面中心的，平均尺寸为37 nm。傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）分析发现了不同的生物活性化合物，有助于将Ag离子还原为AgNPs。毒性生物测定结果表明，植物合成Cc-AgNPs的致死率高于其他处理，对幼虫和成虫的LC50分别为0.270 g/L和0.0.413 g/L。这些浓度随后被用于调查背芽孢杆菌的人口统计学特征。与对照和标准敌百虫处理相比，Cc-AgNPs显著提高了未成熟期和成虫寿命。种群内禀增长率（r = 0.1026 d−1）、有限增长率（λ = 1.1081 d−1）和净繁殖率（Ro = 121.12个子代）等关键种群参数均显著低于Cc-AgNPs。此外，在Cc-AgNPs中，雌性背背小蠊的繁殖力明显下降。综上所述，植物合成的Cc-AgNPs具有作为一种创新的害虫综合防治（IPM）工具的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Variability in rainfall and meteorological drought over the Banas River Basin under climate change scenarios 气候变化情景下巴纳斯河流域降雨和气象干旱的变率

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100454

Divya Saini, Ajay Kumar, Omvir Singh

This study explores the historical and future variability in rainfall and meteorological drought over the semi-arid Banas River Basin in Rajasthan, India. For this, both historical (1981–2020) and projected (2021–2100) gridded rainfall data have been collected from the India Meteorological Department (IMD), Pune, and the Coordinated Regional Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) under Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5, respectively. The collected data have been analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, minimum, maximum, skewness, kurtosis, coefficient of variability, and standard deviation) and trend tests (Mann-Kendall and Sen's slope). The severity of drought has been evaluated using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) at multiple time spans (1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month). The findings reveal a reduction in the quantity of annual rainfall in the near (2021–2060) and far (2061–2100) future as compared to the historical time period, particularly under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios. In the future, the duration, severity, intensity, and frequency of drought will intensify despite the increasing (non-significant) trends in annual rainfall. The maximum frequency has been estimated for mild droughts, followed by moderate and severe droughts. The longest duration of drought (12 years) will occur at the SPI 9- and 12-month scale in the near future (RCP8.5). These findings will be valuable for researchers, water resource managers, agricultural stakeholders, and policymakers in developing effective strategies related to systematic management of water resources and drought over the Banas River Basin, India.

本研究探讨了印度拉贾斯坦邦半干旱巴纳斯河流域降水和气象干旱的历史和未来变化。为此，分别在代表性浓度路径（rcp） 2.6、4.5和8.5下，从印度气象局（IMD）、浦那和协调区域降尺度实验（CORDEX）收集了历史（1981-2020）和预测（2021-2100）网格化降雨数据。使用描述性统计（平均值、最小值、最大值、偏度、峰度、变异系数和标准差）和趋势检验（Mann-Kendall和Sen's斜率）对收集到的数据进行分析。利用标准化降水指数（SPI）在多个时间跨度（1个月、3个月、6个月、9个月和12个月）对干旱的严重程度进行了评估。研究结果表明，与历史时期相比，近期（2021-2060）和远期（2061-2100）的年降雨量有所减少，特别是在RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景下。未来，尽管年降雨量呈增加趋势（不显著），干旱的持续时间、严重程度、强度和频率仍将加剧。据估计，轻度干旱的频率最高，其次是中度和重度干旱。近期在SPI 9个月和12个月尺度（RCP8.5）将出现最长干旱持续时间（12年）。这些发现对于研究人员、水资源管理者、农业利益相关者和决策者制定与印度巴纳斯河流域水资源和干旱系统管理相关的有效战略具有重要价值。

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引用次数: 0

Secured cloud-based image data processing of self-driving vehicles using full homomorphic encryption 使用全同态加密的自动驾驶车辆安全云图像数据处理

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100449

Kamran Saeed, M.Fatih Adak

Self-driving vehicles leverage internet of things (IoT) technology to utilize multiple sensors to continuously monitor their environment and make decisions without human intervention. Data collected from these sensors require secure transmission and encrypted storage in cloud servers, where retrieving the data without decryption is necessary to ensure privacy. A novel method using full homomorphic encryption (FHE) image-based data is proposed, incorporating three different methods to search for the desired encrypted images stored in the cloud. This method involves converting images and objects detected by YOLOv9c into pixel data, then applying the Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren (BFV) scheme to encrypt the data and store it on the cloud. Administrators can search through the encrypted images using the combination of techniques, including percentile similarity-based image detection, unknown object-based image detection, and known object-based image detection from encrypted images. FHE is used to provide various secure search approaches, contrasting with conventional index-based encrypted searching. The proposed solution provides a mechanism in the scenario of self-driving vehicles where object/image detection stored in the cloud can be done without decrypting it, hence enhancing privacy and security of data on the cloud generated by self-driving vehicles and IoT devices.

自动驾驶汽车利用物联网（IoT）技术，利用多个传感器持续监测环境，并在没有人为干预的情况下做出决策。从这些传感器收集的数据需要安全传输并加密存储在云服务器中，在云服务器中检索数据时不需要解密，以确保隐私。提出了一种基于全同态加密（FHE）图像数据的新方法，结合三种不同的方法来搜索存储在云中的所需加密图像。该方法包括将YOLOv9c检测到的图像和物体转换成像素数据，然后应用Brakerski/Fan-Vercauteren （BFV）方案对数据进行加密并存储在云上。管理员可以使用组合技术搜索加密图像，包括基于百分位相似性的图像检测、基于未知对象的图像检测和基于加密图像的已知对象的图像检测。与传统的基于索引的加密搜索相比，FHE提供了各种安全搜索方法。该解决方案在自动驾驶汽车场景中提供了一种机制，可以在不解密的情况下完成存储在云中的物体/图像检测，从而增强了自动驾驶汽车和物联网设备生成的云上数据的隐私性和安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Fabrication of omega-3 fatty acid nanoencapsulation with a sodium alginate-acacia gum complex: In vitro digestibility and biocompatible therapeutic potential 用海藻酸钠-阿拉伯胶复合物制备omega-3脂肪酸纳米胶囊：体外消化率和生物相容性治疗潜力

IF 1.2 4区综合性期刊 Q3 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Kuwait Journal of Science

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjs.2025.100450

Naorem Rojita Devi, Sital Khandelwal, Srinivasan Pappu

Omega-3 fatty acids (ω3FAs) possess various health benefits but face challenges due to limited solubility and susceptibility to oxidation. In this study, a sodium alginate-acacia gum (SA-AG) complex was developed to address these issues. The stability of the complex was confirmed through zeta potential and thermogravimetric analysis. ω3FAs were encapsulated within the SA-AG complex, and their physical, morphological, and chemical characteristics were evaluated. Simulated in vitro digestion was used to assess the bio-accessibility of the encapsulated ω3FAs (Enω3FAs), and antioxidant, antibacterial, and toxicity tests were conducted. The SA-AG complex exhibited a zeta potential of −40.3 ± 9.48 mV and remained stable up to 240 °C. The oxidative stability of the complex was maintained for up to 90 days post-formulation. The average particle size was 961.9 nm, with spherical structures observed. Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) showed the presence of ω3FAs at specific peaks (0.05, 0.5, and 1–1.2 KeV), while Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) analysis confirmed the functional groups of ω3FAs at specific bands (3301 cm⁻¹ and 1630 cm⁻¹). Enω3FAs exhibited rapid release of ω3FAs under gastrointestinal conditions, starting at 45 min with 40 % lipolysis. The highest antioxidant activities of ω3FAs were observed at a concentration of 2 mg/ml through DPPH (35 ± 3.8 %), ferric reducing antioxidant power (48.85 ± 0.002 %) at 5.12 mg/mL, 20.71 ± 0.95 nmol of nitric oxide at 5.12 mg/mL, and 0.204 ± 0.001 absorbance for lipid peroxidation at 5.12 mg/mL. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Enω3FAs was 64 mg/ml against E. coli, S. pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa, and 16 mg/mL against S. aureus. Enω3FAs also demonstrated the ability to reduce biofilm formation by approximately 50 % and induce a 30 % reduction in existing biofilms at a concentration of 4 mg/ml. Additionally, Enω3FAs were found to be biocompatible, with 0 % mortality observed after 24 h of treatment on Artemia franciscana nauplii. In conclusion, Enω3FAs show therapeutic potential within a stable formulation using the SA-AG complex, providing a promising approach for drug and food delivery systems.

Omega-3脂肪酸（ω3FAs）具有多种健康益处，但由于溶解度有限和易氧化而面临挑战。在本研究中，开发了海藻酸钠-金合欢胶（SA-AG）配合物来解决这些问题。通过zeta电位和热重分析证实了配合物的稳定性。ω3FAs包封在SA-AG配合物中，并对其物理、形态和化学特性进行了评价。采用体外模拟消化法评价包封的ω3FAs （ω3FAs）的生物可及性，并进行抗氧化、抗菌和毒性试验。SA-AG配合物的zeta电位为- 40.3±9.48 mV，在240℃下保持稳定。该配合物的氧化稳定性在配制后维持了90天。平均粒径为961.9 nm，呈球形结构。能量色散x射线分析（EDAX）证实了ω3FAs在特定波段（0.05,0.5和1 - 1.2 KeV）的存在，傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）分析证实了ω3FAs在特定波段（3301 cm−1和1630 cm−1）的官能团。ω3FAs在胃肠道条件下表现出快速释放，从45分钟开始，脂解率为40%。ω3FAs在DPPH浓度为2 mg/ml时的抗氧化活性最高（35±3.8%），5.12 mg/ml时的铁还原抗氧化能力为48.85±0.002%，5.12 mg/ml时的一氧化氮为20.71±0.95 nmol， 5.12 mg/ml时的脂质过氧化吸光度为0.204±0.001。Enω3FAs对大肠杆菌、肺炎链球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度为64 mg/ml，对金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度为16 mg/ml。ω 3fas也证明了在浓度为4mg /ml时，能减少约50%的生物膜形成，并诱导现有生物膜减少30%。此外，Enω3FAs具有生物相容性，经治疗24 h后死亡率为0%。综上所述，ω 3fas在稳定的SA-AG复合物配方中显示出治疗潜力，为药物和食品输送系统提供了一种有前景的方法。

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引用次数: 0