Lasers in Medical Science最新文献

To investigate histological changes in the vaginal wall of breast cancer survivors (BCSs) with genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) treated with five sessions of fractional CO₂ vaginal laser therapy, focusing on epithelial morphology and stromal extracellular matrix composition. In this prospective single-center study, 26 BCSs underwent five sessions of fractional CO₂ vaginal laser therapy. Vaginal punch biopsies were collected at baseline and four to six weeks after completing the final session. Mucosal morphology was classified (Type 1, 2, or 3) independently by two pathologists, blinded to baseline and follow-up status. Stromal elastin, total collagen, and collagen types I and III were quantified by digital image analysis of Verhoeff-Van Gieson, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemistry. Paired tests and the Stuart-Maxwell test evaluated changes over time. At baseline, 42.3% of participants were classified as Type 1, 19.2% as Type 2, and 38.5% as Type 3 mucosal morphology. Elastin index increased from 33.1% to 56.8% (p < 0.01), and collagen type III index from 44.5% to 58.4% (p = 0.03), while total collagen and collagen type I showed no significant change. No significant differences in epithelial microscopic features were observed (Stuart-Maxwell p = 0.16). Fractional vaginal CO₂ laser therapy was associated with selective stromal remodelling in BCSs - higher elastin and collagen type III indices, but without detectable improvement in epithelial morphology. Given the absence of a control group, the short follow-up, and limited epithelial morphometry due to section orientation, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary histological evidence of a stromal response rather than a confirmation of functional or regenerative benefit. Registry: ClinicalTrials.gov, TRN: (NCT06007027). Registration date: 1 August 2023.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to enhance cell growth and differentiation. This study investigates the effects of 810-nm PBM on the proliferation and cardiac differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), utilizing a custom-made LED device. This device is compatible with standard cell incubators and features an LED array that ensures uniform light exposure to cells in each well of a 96-well plate. hiPSCs were irradiated with 810-nm light at intensities of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mW/cm² for 15 min daily. Outcomes assessed included cell viability, mitochondrial function and morphology, and cardiomyocyte differentiation. The results show that PBM at 1.5 mW/cm² enhanced hiPSC proliferation and cardiac differentiation, yielding a higher number of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes compared to controls. These findings suggest that 810-nm PBM may improve the efficiency of cardiac cell generation for both research and therapeutic applications.

To examine the short-term therapeutic effects of Bioptron light therapy (BLT) on dry eye disease (DED) in postmenopausal women. Sixty postmenopausal women diagnosed with DED, aged 50-62 years with a body mass index ≤ 30 kg/m², were randomly assigned to two equal groups. The Bioptron group (n = 30) received BLT for 10 min, twice weekly, along with an educational program for four weeks. The control group (n = 30) received the same educational program only. Outcomes were measured using Schirmer's test (Schirmer I) for basal tear secretion, Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) for tear film stability, and the Dry Eye-related Quality of Life Score (DEQS) for quality of life (QOL). Both groups exhibited significant improvements post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in all variables, with greater percentage changes from baseline in the BLT group. Between-group comparisons revealed significantly higher improvements in the BLT group: Schirmer's test (Schirmer I) improved by MD = 8.7 (95% CI: 7.64-9.76; p = 0.001), TBUT by MD = 2.97 (95% CI: 1.7-4.3; p = 0.007), and DEQS decreased by MD = - 24.1 (95% CI: -37 to - 17.1; p = 0.002). Compared with standardized education alone, adjunctive Bioptron light therapy significantly enhanced tear secretion, tear film stability, and patient-reported symptoms, suggesting its potential as an effective non-pharmacological option for managing dry eye in postmenopausal women. The trial was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (Identifier: NCT05964673).