Lasers in Medical Science最新文献

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to enhance cell growth and differentiation. This study investigates the effects of 810-nm PBM on the proliferation and cardiac differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), utilizing a custom-made LED device. This device is compatible with standard cell incubators and features an LED array that ensures uniform light exposure to cells in each well of a 96-well plate. hiPSCs were irradiated with 810-nm light at intensities of 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mW/cm² for 15 min daily. Outcomes assessed included cell viability, mitochondrial function and morphology, and cardiomyocyte differentiation. The results show that PBM at 1.5 mW/cm² enhanced hiPSC proliferation and cardiac differentiation, yielding a higher number of spontaneously beating cardiomyocytes compared to controls. These findings suggest that 810-nm PBM may improve the efficiency of cardiac cell generation for both research and therapeutic applications.

To examine the short-term therapeutic effects of Bioptron light therapy (BLT) on dry eye disease (DED) in postmenopausal women. Sixty postmenopausal women diagnosed with DED, aged 50-62 years with a body mass index ≤ 30 kg/m², were randomly assigned to two equal groups. The Bioptron group (n = 30) received BLT for 10 min, twice weekly, along with an educational program for four weeks. The control group (n = 30) received the same educational program only. Outcomes were measured using Schirmer's test (Schirmer I) for basal tear secretion, Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) for tear film stability, and the Dry Eye-related Quality of Life Score (DEQS) for quality of life (QOL). Both groups exhibited significant improvements post-treatment compared to pre-treatment in all variables, with greater percentage changes from baseline in the BLT group. Between-group comparisons revealed significantly higher improvements in the BLT group: Schirmer's test (Schirmer I) improved by MD = 8.7 (95% CI: 7.64-9.76; p = 0.001), TBUT by MD = 2.97 (95% CI: 1.7-4.3; p = 0.007), and DEQS decreased by MD = - 24.1 (95% CI: -37 to - 17.1; p = 0.002). Compared with standardized education alone, adjunctive Bioptron light therapy significantly enhanced tear secretion, tear film stability, and patient-reported symptoms, suggesting its potential as an effective non-pharmacological option for managing dry eye in postmenopausal women. The trial was registered at Clinical Trials.gov (Identifier: NCT05964673).

Introduction: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers broad-spectrum antifungal effects with lower resistance in some studies. This study evaluates the effectiveness of two PDT protocols, using a 660 nm diode laser with methylene blue (MB) compared to an 810 nm diode laser with indocyanine green (ICG), in reducing colony counts of Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei.

Methods: This experimental laboratory study tested 4 standard Candida species in seven groups (2 PDT, 2 photosensitizers alone, 2 lasers wavelength with saline, 1 control with saline) each containing five replicates per species. PDT was performed using MB with a 660 nm diode laser and ICG with an 810 nm diode laser. Laser exposure setting was 100 mW, 10 J/cm², 100 s. CFUs were quantified, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26, with significance set at P < 0.05.

Results: PDT had better efficacy for colony count reduction of C. tropicalis, and C. krusei. PDT with an 810 nm diode laser and ICG had better efficacy than PDT with 660 nm diode laser and MB but difference was not significant (P > 0.05). For some candida species there was no significant difference between PDT with laser alone for colony reduction but there was significant difference between them with each photosensitizer and saline alone (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: Both PDT had better efficacy for colony count reduction of C. tropicalis, and C. krusei compare to other two species. PDT with diode 810 nm and ICG seems better than PDT with diode 660 nm and MB, but the difference was not statistical between two methods.

The aim of this randomized controlled clinical study is to compare the effect of intracanal cryotherapy and intraoral Low-Level LASER Therapy (LLLT) applications on postoperative pain and quality of life in patients following endodontic treatment for symptomatic apical periodontitis. After ethical clearance and registering the trial at clinical trial registry of India, a randomized, parallel-controlled clinical study with 2 test arms and 1 control arm was conducted. 90 subjects diagnosed with acute apical periodontitis in molar teeth meeting the inclusion and exclusion criteria, were enrolled in the current trial. After obtaining written informed consent, first researcher randomly allocated the subjects into 3 arms: intracanal cryotherapy, intraoral Low-Level LASER Therapy (LLLT) and control. Preoperative pain scores were marked on the Heft- Parker visual analog scale (HP-VAS) by the second researcher. Preoperative quality of life was marked by the subjects on the Oral Health Impact Profile-17 (OHIP-17) questionnaire. Root canal treatment was performed for all the subjects enrolled in the study and the interventions were performed accordingly, by a single operator. The patients were instructed to record their postoperative pain levels and analgesics intake at 24 h, 48 h, the third day, fifth day, and seventh day. On the seventh day postoperative quality of life questionnaire was recorded by the subjects. The data were tabulated in MS Excel and statistically analyzed using the EPI-INFO software. After 24 h, postoperative pain reduced significantly in the cryotherapy arm when compared with the LLLT arm. However, no statistically significant differences in postoperative pain were found between the two test arms at 48 h, the third day, fifth day, and seventh day. Subjects in the control arm were relieved of postoperative pain after the fifth day. Subjects in the cryotherapy arm required fewer analgesics, with intake limited to the first 24 h postoperatively. Conversely, participants in the LLLT arm needed analgesics for the initial 48 h postoperatively. In contrast, subjects in the control arm had the longest duration of analgesic use, up to the fifth day. The quality of life for all the subjects was found to improve postoperatively after seven days, irrespective of additional interventions. Application of cryotherapy and Low-Level LASER Therapy was found to be effective at 24 h and 48 h respectively, in the management of postoperative endodontic pain. The findings highlight the potential benefits of cryotherapy and LLLT compared to standard postoperative care alone. Henceforth, cryotherapy and Low-Level LASER Therapy could be utilized, as they are simple and innocuous modalities to manage post-endodontic pain.