Laboratornoe delo最新文献

Blood analysis with the use of automated analyzer H-1 (Technicon), carried out in 31 subjects who were engaged in liquidation of the power plant accident aftereffects 3 years following their work at the station, has revealed elevated red cell counts, elevated counts of peripheral blood large nondifferentiated cells, dose-dependent increase of neutrophil count, reduced counts of lymphocytes and basophils, enlarged nuclear size in mononuclears and reduced optic density of these cells.

Specific features of the cytologic picture were studied and the criteria of the cytologic verification of the tumor type and genetic appurtenance defined in cytologic studies of puncture biopsy specimens, removed tumor impressions, scrapings off, and histologic sections in the patients with malignant tumors of the synovial tissue. Analysis of the results of histologic studies has demonstrated the potentialities of the puncture cytologic method in the combined preoperative diagnosis of synovial sarcomas.

Histologic and cytologic parallels in 9 cases with malignant schwannomas were correlated to findings in preparations of verified fibrosarcomas and muscular sarcomas, characterized by a similar cytomorphologic picture, in order to define the cytologic differential diagnostic criteria of nerve tissue malignant tumors. Preoperative and suboperative specimens were under study. Analysis of the results evidences that in the majority of cases malignant schwannoma cytogram can be correctly verified if the level of tumor cell differentiation and the respective cytomorphologic shifts be taken into consideration, this being of paramount importance both for the choice of the treatment strategy and for the prognosis.

Glucose nonfermenting gram-negative bacteria were electrophoretically typed for the extracellular protein spectra. The method permits differentiation on the generic level the cultures of such bacteria, characterized by atypical biochemistry, within 10 hours.

The authors suggest an unsophisticated approach to laboratory diagnosis of spongiform encephalopathies induced by unconventional prion viruses, consisting in electron microscopic detection of abnormal helical Scrapie-associated fibrils. These fibrils are detectable in human and animal brain tissue samples and in cell cultures.

Antibodies to three mycobacterial antigens, Soviet tuberculin and ultrasound-treated Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv) and M. bovis (BCG) were detected by enzyme immunoassay in 90 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and 75 normal subjects. Antibody detection rates and levels were found related to the form of tuberculous process. The detection rate was rather low in focal tuberculosis and virtually the same for all the antigens (15.3 percent). In disseminated processes (infiltrative and particularly disseminated and fibrous-cavernous) antibodies are detected more often in higher titers than in local processes, and their levels are different with different antigens. The method was more sensitive with ultrasound-treated antigens of M. tuberculosis (H37RV) and M. bovis (BCG) than with PPD. Simultaneous enzyme immunoassay with three antigens detected up to 75 percent of antituberculous antibodies in infiltrative, up to 92 percent of antibodies in disseminated, and up to 100 percent of antibodies in fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis.

A method for estimating the net cost of biochemical investigations has been developed as exemplified by the clinical laboratory of the N. N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology of the USSR Ministry of Health. A data bank including information on the wages fund, cost of material used, equipment wear, and other expenditures was created for these estimations. Labor consumption for each of the 27 types of biochemical investigations comprised the production time of physicians (79.3 percent) and laboratory assistants (87.3 percent). Net cost of physicians' productive minute has made up 0.04 roubles, that of laboratory assistants' minute, 0.02 roubles. Wastes unrelated to the time of investigation were also taken into consideration.