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A chemiluminescent method has been offered to assay the blood serum total cholesterol. The method is based on coupled enzymatic reactions in two steps: (1) esterified cholesterol hydrolysis by cholesterol esterase in the presence of sodium cholate and (2) cholesterol oxidation by cholesterol oxidase and chemiluminescent assay of the released hydrogen peroxide in peroxidase reaction with luminol and p-iodophenol. Separation of these steps results in a better accuracy of the test as against the one-step procedure. High sensitivity of the method (the detection limit being 1 mM of cholesterol in a luminometer cuvette) permits high dilutions of the serum, this essentially eliminating the admixture effects on the enzymatic reactions. The findings of the suggested method are in good correlation with those of the spectrophotometric assay of cholesterol using the KONE kit.

Alkaline phosphatase and trypsin activities were measured in the gastric contents of patients with chronic gastritis with visually fixed duodenogastric reflux and without reflux. The authors discuss the advantages of a comparative approach to the enzymatic assessment of duodenogastric reflux presence, intensity, and length.

When commercial erythrocytic diagnostic agents, prepared from sheep red cells, are used in the passive hemagglutination test with blood sera from patients with intestinal infections, the possibility of nonspecific reactions with heterophilic antibodies of human body should be borne in mind. To completely eliminate these antibody effects on the results of the test, titration of the tested serum should be started from 1:64, 1:80, or 1:100, depending on what titration scale is used.

A method for serial measurements of blood serum acid DNAse (3.1.4.5) and acid RNAse (3.1.4.23). The authors recommend measurements of acid nucleases at clinical biochemistry laboratories and use of these parameters for the prediction of outcomes of balneotherapy and other treatment modalities.

Automated fluorescent microscope developed by the authors permits photometry of microquantities of cellular suspensions in scanning standard 60-well plates with a flat bottom. Automated and semiautomated modes of operation are possible. Fluorescent stains and schemes of staining the examined cells that yield stable results in the lymphocytotoxic test have been selected. Comparative analysis of the efficacies of histocompatibility antigens detection by the routine and the fluorescent technique has shown a number of advantages of the fluorescent method. Specific features of fluorescent stains used for staining live cells are described.

Type EFPA-30 apparatus for electrophoresis on cellulose acetate films was developed at the Specialized Design Office for Biophysical Equipment of the Moscow Research and Production Association BIOFIZPRIBOR. Three autonomic separation cameras are united in one block, that permits separation of 12, 24, and 36 samples; the apparatus is supplied with time transducer, acoustic and visual indication. Clinical trials of the apparatus were carried out at the Institute of Biological and Medical Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, its commercial production is to be started. The apparatus is intended for protein separation and may be used for studies of hemoglobins, serum proteins, lipoproteins, enzymes, and other biologic compounds. Methods for hemoglobin and serum protein separation are presented.

A new method for measuring serum and tissue antioxidative activity is based on a relationship between accumulation of lipid peroxidation (LPO) products in incubation medium and the amount of the substrate during LPO activation. The ratio of malonic dialdehyde accumulation during LPO activation in two samples of different volumes is proposed as an index of antioxidative activity.