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A method for estimation of neutrophilic granulocyte spontaneous migration in capillaries is suggested. Twenty-one patients with disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis, 19 ones with active pulmonary sarcoidosis, and 30 normal subjects were examined. The findings evidence a higher migration activity of neutrophilic granulocytes in the patients, 66.4 +/- 8.5 in tuberculosis and 65.1 +/- 7.7 in sarcoidosis as against that in health (32.4 +/- 4.0). Tuberculin was found to stimulate cell migration in tuberculosis patient; the migration index made up 1.3 +/- 0.07 in this case. This agent had no apparent effect on the phagocytes of sarcoidosis patients and normal subjects, and their migration index did not exceed 1.0. Neutrophilic granulocyte reaction to tuberculin may be used in the differential diagnosis between pulmonary tuberculosis and sarcoidosis.

Preincubation of blood, sputum, breast milk, and feces samples from patients in heparin-treated medium 199 for 18-24 h at ambient temperature to preserve viability of Paecilomyces tissue form when transferring the fungi from host to ambient temperature regimen results in transformation of the fungi into mycelium form in favorable conditions, which fact permits elevating the isolation rate of this fungus from 1.5 to 44-73 percent.

The procedure of triboluminescent analysis of blood lipid peroxidation processes using TRA-2 express analyzer is described. 0.02 ml of the blood is sufficient for analysis that takes 40 seconds; all the measurements are automated, no laboratory assistants participate here; no special chemical reagents are necessary. Results of laboratory clinical trials evidence good prospects of employing this method for the differential diagnosis between oncologic and inflammatory diseases.

Fixation of native chicken red cells with a solution containing 14.4 percent of acetate aldehyde and 0.85 percent of NaCl (pH 7.0-7.2) permitted preparation on the basis of these red cells of stable immunoreagents for the detection of antigen-fixing lymphocytes using any (optimal for the antigen used) procedure. Experiments have demonstrated a high efficacy of detecting staphylococcal, proteus, or Ps. aeruginosa etiology of pyoinflammatory and septic conditions in indirect rosette formation test with the developed immunoreagents. The levels of the detected antigen-fixing lymphocytes varied in the patients from 0.7 to 8.0 percent, the mean value being 2.1 +/- 0.1 percent.

The activity of purified V. cholerae cytolysin was estimated from its cytotoxic effect on L-929 cells in various growth phases. The period of target cell development was supposed to influence the sensitivity of the test. Cytolysin preparation is thermolabile, and its effect is neutralized with homologous antiserum.

Various approaches to isolation of tumor cells are analyzed on the basis of examination of 46 human pulmonary tumors of different histologic types. Mechanical treatment alone resulted in the death of the majority of tumor cells. Short trypsin treatment (for 10-15 min in several stages) proved to be the most suitable for disaggregation of small-cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, and carcinoid samples. A specific approach has been developed for isolation of cells from squamous-cell carcinoma, consisting in tumor treatment with 0.25 percent trypsin at 4 degrees C for 16-18 h, followed by DNAase, collagenase, and trypsin treatment, and then again trypsin treatment at 37 degrees C for 10-15 min. The suggested approaches permit a harvest of at least 6 x 10(6) tumor cells from 1 g of tissue, with more than 70 percent of these cells viable.

NBT test basal values and those after cell stimulation with killed BCG culture were measured by spectrophotometry in alveolar macrophages isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, in peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes of 49 patients with newly detected pulmonary tuberculosis. Stimulation coefficient was estimated as the ratio of induced to spontaneous NBT-test values. The findings evidence that spontaneous NBT-test values are regularly growing in all three cell types, and the stimulation coefficients lowers as the process grows in severity at the expense of pulmonary tissue disintegration and bronchial obstruction; these parameters adequately reflect the status of the body specific reactivity. Significant correlations were revealed between spontaneous NBT-test parameters in all 3 cell types and their stimulation coefficients. This permits a conclusion that spontaneous and induced NBT-test of the peripheral blood cells may help assess alveolar macrophage function.

Morphometric parameters were measured and specific light optic features of epitheliocyte nuclei examined in the cytologic preparations from 67 patients with various abnormalities of the cervix uteri multi-layer squamous epithelium by a present-day long-distance microimage analyzer. The most informative biometric parameters were detected, role of DNA cytophotometry defined, and algorithm of differential diagnosis between benign conditions, dysplasia, and carcinoma developed.

A spectrophotometric method has been developed for measurements of myeloperoxidase activity in phagocytes, and conditions of measurements specified. Contribution of mononuclear cells to myeloperoxidase activity was found negligible, the major role here was played by neutrophils and eosinophils. Myeloperoxidase activity was found reduced in the patients with chronic granulomatous disease, agammaglobulinemia, and elevated in hyper-IgE-syndrome; this parameter was unchanged in ataxia telangiectasia and chronic dermatomucosal candidiasis.