SUMMARY The local chicken has profound potential for upgrading through cross breeding with improved commercial birds to increase meat and egg production. This study aimed at evaluating egg traits, hatchability, fertility, chick hatch weight, and chick survivability of commercial Rhode Island Red (RIR), local, and crossbred chickens. A total of 6752 local chicken eggs were collected to obtain breeding stock and to study egg traits. RIR breeding stock was obtained from raising 250 (50 males, 200 females) while crossbred chickens were obtained by crossing RIR layer cocks to local hens and vice versa. A total of 1382, 1523, and 1476 local, RIR, and crossbred chicken eggs respectively were assessed for egg weight, length, breadth, and volume as well as chick hatch weight. Fertility and hatchability were assessed in 3675 local chicken eggs and 3350 eggs from RIR and crossbred chicken each. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in egg traits and chick hatch weight between RIR and crossbred chickens but these birds had significantly higher egg weight, egg length, egg breadth, egg volume, and chick hatch weight than local chickens. There were significant (p < 0.0001) positive relationships between egg volume and egg weight, chick hatch weight and egg weight, and chick hatch weight and egg volume for all chickens. Fertility was 92.0±4.14, 91.1±4.42, and 94.5±2.21 for local, RIR, and crossbred chickens respectively. Hatchability varied significantly at p<0.05 (80.6±1.43 in crossbred, 64.0±2.16 in RIR, and 52.2±2.54 in local chickens). Survivability of local chicks was superior by 50% over RIR and crossbred chicks. It is concluded that cross breeding local chickens to RIR produces a superior breed to local ecotype in terms of egg traits, hatchability and survivability. Such superiority can be exploited to upgrade the genetic potential of local ecotype and thus improve poultry production.
{"title":"Egg traits, fertility, hatchability and chick survivability of Rhode Island Red, local and crossbred chickens","authors":"J. Malago, M. A. Baitilwake","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V26I1.49230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V26I1.49230","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The local chicken has profound potential for upgrading through cross breeding with improved commercial birds to increase meat and egg production. This study aimed at evaluating egg traits, hatchability, fertility, chick hatch weight, and chick survivability of commercial Rhode Island Red (RIR), local, and crossbred chickens. A total of 6752 local chicken eggs were collected to obtain breeding stock and to study egg traits. RIR breeding stock was obtained from raising 250 (50 males, 200 females) while crossbred chickens were obtained by crossing RIR layer cocks to local hens and vice versa. A total of 1382, 1523, and 1476 local, RIR, and crossbred chicken eggs respectively were assessed for egg weight, length, breadth, and volume as well as chick hatch weight. Fertility and hatchability were assessed in 3675 local chicken eggs and 3350 eggs from RIR and crossbred chicken each. There was no significant difference (p < 0.05) in egg traits and chick hatch weight between RIR and crossbred chickens but these birds had significantly higher egg weight, egg length, egg breadth, egg volume, and chick hatch weight than local chickens. There were significant (p < 0.0001) positive relationships between egg volume and egg weight, chick hatch weight and egg weight, and chick hatch weight and egg volume for all chickens. Fertility was 92.0±4.14, 91.1±4.42, and 94.5±2.21 for local, RIR, and crossbred chickens respectively. Hatchability varied significantly at p<0.05 (80.6±1.43 in crossbred, 64.0±2.16 in RIR, and 52.2±2.54 in local chickens). Survivability of local chicks was superior by 50% over RIR and crossbred chicks. It is concluded that cross breeding local chickens to RIR produces a superior breed to local ecotype in terms of egg traits, hatchability and survivability. Such superiority can be exploited to upgrade the genetic potential of local ecotype and thus improve poultry production.","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127565163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current study was aimed at evaluating factors that influence reproductive performance and extracted milk yield of Teso (T) cattle and their crosses with Sahiwal (S) and Boran (B) using data collected between 2000 and 2002. We used General Linear Models procedure of SAS for analysis. The overall mean calving interval was 453±1.06 days and that of F1(BxT) and F1(SxT) crosses were 44.6 and 61.3 days longer than the pure Teso cows. The overall means for extracted lactation milk yield and lactation length were 120+-3.4 litres and 173.6+_5.0 days, respectively. F1(SxT) crosses had longer lactation length than F1(BxT) crosses and pure Teso cows by 34.2 and 17.2 days, respectively. F1(SxT) crosses had significantly (p 0.05) difference in extracted milk yield was observed between F1(BxT) crosses and purebred Teso cattle. Cows calving in the dry season had higher (p Keywords : calving interval, extracted lactation milk yield, 100-days milk yield, lactation length Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 96-105
{"title":"Factors affecting calving intervals, extracted milk yield and lactation length of Teso cattle and their crosses with Sahiwal and Boran","authors":"H. Mulindwa, G. Kifaro, E. Ssewanyana","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42032","url":null,"abstract":"The current study was aimed at evaluating factors that influence reproductive performance and extracted milk yield of Teso (T) cattle and their crosses with Sahiwal (S) and Boran (B) using data collected between 2000 and 2002. We used General Linear Models procedure of SAS for analysis. The overall mean calving interval was 453±1.06 days and that of F1(BxT) and F1(SxT) crosses were 44.6 and 61.3 days longer than the pure Teso cows. The overall means for extracted lactation milk yield and lactation length were 120+-3.4 litres and 173.6+_5.0 days, respectively. F1(SxT) crosses had longer lactation length than F1(BxT) crosses and pure Teso cows by 34.2 and 17.2 days, respectively. F1(SxT) crosses had significantly (p 0.05) difference in extracted milk yield was observed between F1(BxT) crosses and purebred Teso cattle. Cows calving in the dry season had higher (p Keywords : calving interval, extracted lactation milk yield, 100-days milk yield, lactation length Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 96-105","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133199078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theileriosis, in particular East Coast Fever, remains to be a challenge to herdsmen in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Its treatment cost is unbearable to majority of rural poor keepers who have subsequently opted for alternatives. Some herdsmen have developed a practice of heat application to parotid and prescapular lymph nodes of cattle with theileriosis to treat the disorder. The approach has been beneficial from time immemorial. Although the actual mechanism of this approach remains enigmatic, it might be linked with the protective role of heat shock response observed in several conditions. This prompts for closer look into the possible protective mechanisms of heat shock response against theileriosis. By gaining insight into how the heat shock response protects hosts against infections and its potential to protect cattle against theileriosis, therapeutic approaches to combat theileriosis could be improved. This work therefore, explores the cellular events triggered by Theileria parasite in the host cell as well as the possible sites at which heat shock response interferes to prevent establishment of the parasite and development of clinical theileriosis. It is concluded that the heat shock response is beneficial to animals against theileriosis. This concept can serve as a prelude to new therapeutic approaches against theileriosis. Keywords : Theileriosis, T. parva, NF-κB, Hsps, apoptosis Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 75-87
血吸虫病，特别是东海岸热，仍然是对非洲东部、中部和南部牧民的一个挑战。它的治疗费用是大多数农村贫困饲养者无法承受的，他们随后选择了其他选择。一些牧民已经开发了一种热应用的做法，牛的腮腺和包膜前淋巴结与他们的口疮治疗疾病。这种方法自古以来就有益。尽管这种方法的实际机制仍然是谜，但它可能与在几种情况下观察到的热休克反应的保护作用有关。这提示更深入地研究热休克反应对他们的口疮可能的保护机制。通过深入了解热休克反应如何保护宿主免受感染，以及热休克反应如何保护牛免受肠道菌痢的影响，可以改进对抗肠道菌痢的治疗方法。因此，这项工作探讨了寄主细胞中由梭菌寄生虫引发的细胞事件，以及热休克反应干扰的可能位点，以防止寄生虫的建立和临床梭菌病的发展。由此可见，热休克反应对肉芽孢杆菌病的防治是有益的。这一概念可以作为一个前奏，为新的治疗方法，以对抗他们的伊利菌病。关键词:细粒绦虫，细小绦虫，NF-κB，热休克蛋白，细胞凋亡。兽医杂志Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 75-87
{"title":"The potential of heat shock response in the treatment of theileriosis in cattle: Review","authors":"J. Malago","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42030","url":null,"abstract":"Theileriosis, in particular East Coast Fever, remains to be a challenge to herdsmen in Eastern, Central and Southern Africa. Its treatment cost is unbearable to majority of rural poor keepers who have subsequently opted for alternatives. Some herdsmen have developed a practice of heat application to parotid and prescapular lymph nodes of cattle with theileriosis to treat the disorder. The approach has been beneficial from time immemorial. Although the actual mechanism of this approach remains enigmatic, it might be linked with the protective role of heat shock response observed in several conditions. This prompts for closer look into the possible protective mechanisms of heat shock response against theileriosis. By gaining insight into how the heat shock response protects hosts against infections and its potential to protect cattle against theileriosis, therapeutic approaches to combat theileriosis could be improved. This work therefore, explores the cellular events triggered by Theileria parasite in the host cell as well as the possible sites at which heat shock response interferes to prevent establishment of the parasite and development of clinical theileriosis. It is concluded that the heat shock response is beneficial to animals against theileriosis. This concept can serve as a prelude to new therapeutic approaches against theileriosis. Keywords : Theileriosis, T. parva, NF-κB, Hsps, apoptosis Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 75-87","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123307517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Phiri, R. Chibunda, A. Pereka, E. Mtengeti, N. Urio, A. Katakweba
A survey was carried out on 36 lactating Bos taurus/indicus crossbred dairy cows on smallholder dairy farming in Njombe district, Tanzania to assess seasonal variations in haematological and metabolic profiles. Blood was taken at an interval of two months for one year and analysed for haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV%), total protein (TP), glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and zinc (Zn) using standard methods. Hb, PCV %, plasma TP and Glu were within normal ranges. There were no differences (p>0.05) for Hb and plasma Pi. The effect of season was apparent (p 0.05) was observed in the levels between the seasons. Plasma Zn was high but at lower side of normal ranges in the wet season and below normal in the dry season. It is concluded that there is deficiency in minerals and protein in both dry and wet season. It is important to supplement minerals and protein to the animals to improve health, reproductive performance and milk production. Keywords : TP, protein, glucose, mineral, seasonal variation, PCV% haemoglobin Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 111-120
在坦桑尼亚Njombe地区的小农奶牛场，对36头泌乳期波斯牛/indicus杂交奶牛进行了调查，以评估其血流变学和代谢特征的季节性变化。每隔两个月采血一年，用标准方法分析血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、细胞堆积体积(PCV%)、总蛋白(TP)、葡萄糖(Glu)、钙(Ca)、无机磷酸盐(Pi)和锌(Zn)。Hb、PCV %、血浆TP、Glu均在正常范围内。血红蛋白与血浆Pi无显著差异(p>0.05)。不同季节间的水平受季节影响显著(p < 0.05)。血浆锌在雨季偏高，但处于正常值的下端，在旱季低于正常值。由此可见，干湿季节均存在矿物质和蛋白质的缺乏。补充矿物质和蛋白质对改善动物健康、繁殖性能和产奶量具有重要意义。关键词:TP，蛋白质，葡萄糖，矿物质，季节变化，PCV%血红蛋白坦桑尼亚兽医杂志Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 111-120
{"title":"Haematological and metabolic profiles of smallholder dairy cows in relation to weather patterns in southern highlands of Tanzania","authors":"E. Phiri, R. Chibunda, A. Pereka, E. Mtengeti, N. Urio, A. Katakweba","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42034","url":null,"abstract":"A survey was carried out on 36 lactating Bos taurus/indicus crossbred dairy cows on smallholder dairy farming in Njombe district, Tanzania to assess seasonal variations in haematological and metabolic profiles. Blood was taken at an interval of two months for one year and analysed for haemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV%), total protein (TP), glucose (Glu), calcium (Ca), inorganic phosphate (Pi) and zinc (Zn) using standard methods. Hb, PCV %, plasma TP and Glu were within normal ranges. There were no differences (p>0.05) for Hb and plasma Pi. The effect of season was apparent (p 0.05) was observed in the levels between the seasons. Plasma Zn was high but at lower side of normal ranges in the wet season and below normal in the dry season. It is concluded that there is deficiency in minerals and protein in both dry and wet season. It is important to supplement minerals and protein to the animals to improve health, reproductive performance and milk production. Keywords : TP, protein, glucose, mineral, seasonal variation, PCV% haemoglobin Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 111-120","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129028258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Mbassa, F. Mgongo, L. Mellau, L. Ladslaus, R. S. Silayo, E. Kimbita, A. A. Hayghaimo, J. Mlangwa, E. Mbiha
The effect of tick control by strategic dipping in synthetic pyrethroids on growth and survival rates of calves in Eastern Tanzania where Theileria parva and other tick borne infections (babesiosis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis) are endemic was measured. One day to five months old Tanganyika short horn zebu ( Bos indicus ) maintained on pastures were divided in two groups; group 1 (n=1340) were non treated control and group 2 (n=17920) were dipped regularly in pyrethroid acaricides at 14 day intervals. Body weights, mortality and survival rates of calves were determined by portable weighbridge and monitoring. Mean weights of group 1 calves at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months of age were 28.0±1.09, 46.5±2.39, 53.3±2.01, 66.4±2.83 and 83.1±3.89 Kg respectively, growth rate on average being 11.1 Kg/month. Mean body weights of group 2 calves at same ages were 28.0±0.97, 46.0±0.24, 73.0±2.18, 96.7±2.60 and 101.7±2.01 Kg respectively, average growth rate being 14.8 Kg/month. Mortality rate in group 1 calves was 37.5% compared to 2.96% in group 2 calves. It is concluded that tick control increases calf growth and survival rates. Keywords : East cost fever, Theileria parva , endemic stability, tick acaricide Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 88-95
{"title":"Strategic control of ticks with synthetic pyrethroids in Theileria parva endemic areas in Tanzania increases calf growth and survival rates","authors":"G. Mbassa, F. Mgongo, L. Mellau, L. Ladslaus, R. S. Silayo, E. Kimbita, A. A. Hayghaimo, J. Mlangwa, E. Mbiha","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42031","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of tick control by strategic dipping in synthetic pyrethroids on growth and survival rates of calves in Eastern Tanzania where Theileria parva and other tick borne infections (babesiosis, anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis) are endemic was measured. One day to five months old Tanganyika short horn zebu ( Bos indicus ) maintained on pastures were divided in two groups; group 1 (n=1340) were non treated control and group 2 (n=17920) were dipped regularly in pyrethroid acaricides at 14 day intervals. Body weights, mortality and survival rates of calves were determined by portable weighbridge and monitoring. Mean weights of group 1 calves at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 months of age were 28.0±1.09, 46.5±2.39, 53.3±2.01, 66.4±2.83 and 83.1±3.89 Kg respectively, growth rate on average being 11.1 Kg/month. Mean body weights of group 2 calves at same ages were 28.0±0.97, 46.0±0.24, 73.0±2.18, 96.7±2.60 and 101.7±2.01 Kg respectively, average growth rate being 14.8 Kg/month. Mortality rate in group 1 calves was 37.5% compared to 2.96% in group 2 calves. It is concluded that tick control increases calf growth and survival rates. Keywords : East cost fever, Theileria parva , endemic stability, tick acaricide Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 88-95","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"35 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131923626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To address the economic hardships of the 1980‟s, Tanzania under pressure from its development partners both bilateral and multilateral embarked on structural adjustment program. In the case of veterinary services delivery systems reforms were advocated founded on privatisation and liberalisation. The government abruptly withdrew from providing clinical services, retrenched a substantial number of paraprofessionals and their training sponsorship was withdrawn. The gap created has not been bridged by the private sector which to date is limited to a few major urbanised foci. Rural producers have been the mostly affected by these reforms. The response has been to try and create a new cadre in the delivery of veterinary services and a reduced emphasis on the role of paraprofessionals. The roles of this new cadre commonly referred to as the community based animal health workers (CAHWs) and paraprofessionals are reviewed. We conclude that before any new cadre is introduced in the delivery system, technical and socio-economic sustainability issues should be researched. Furthermore we advocate that the role of paraprofessionals in the private sector and rural areas should be re-examined. Keywords : CAHW, Tanzania, paraprofessionals, animal health services Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 121-131
为了解决20世纪80年代的经济困难，坦桑尼亚在双边和多边发展伙伴的压力下开始了结构调整计划。在兽医服务提供系统的情况下，改革主张建立在私有化和自由化的基础上。政府突然停止提供临床服务，裁减了相当数量的辅助专业人员，并取消了对他们的培训资助。造成的差距尚未由私营部门弥补，迄今为止，私营部门仅限于几个主要的城市化中心。农村生产者受到这些改革的影响最大。对此的回应是，试图在提供兽医服务方面组建一支新的骨干队伍，并减少对辅助专业人员作用的重视。本文审查了通常被称为社区动物卫生工作者(CAHWs)和辅助专业人员的这一新干部的作用。我们的结论是，在将任何新的干部引入交付系统之前，应该研究技术和社会经济可持续性问题。此外，我们主张应重新审查私营部门和农村地区的辅助专业人员的作用。关键词:CAHW，坦桑尼亚，辅助专业人员，动物卫生服务坦桑尼亚兽医杂志Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 121-131
{"title":"Veterinary paraprofessionals and community animal health workers in Tanzania","authors":"J. Mlangwa, Ie Kimera, F. Magayane","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42035","url":null,"abstract":"To address the economic hardships of the 1980‟s, Tanzania under pressure from its development partners both bilateral and multilateral embarked on structural adjustment program. In the case of veterinary services delivery systems reforms were advocated founded on privatisation and liberalisation. The government abruptly withdrew from providing clinical services, retrenched a substantial number of paraprofessionals and their training sponsorship was withdrawn. The gap created has not been bridged by the private sector which to date is limited to a few major urbanised foci. Rural producers have been the mostly affected by these reforms. The response has been to try and create a new cadre in the delivery of veterinary services and a reduced emphasis on the role of paraprofessionals. The roles of this new cadre commonly referred to as the community based animal health workers (CAHWs) and paraprofessionals are reviewed. We conclude that before any new cadre is introduced in the delivery system, technical and socio-economic sustainability issues should be researched. Furthermore we advocate that the role of paraprofessionals in the private sector and rural areas should be re-examined. Keywords : CAHW, Tanzania, paraprofessionals, animal health services Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 121-131","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117089067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The seroprevalence of antibodies against Brucella abortus bacterial pathogen (BABP) in 200 local indigenous boran cattle breed in Manyara ranch was investigated and compared using 2 classical serological tests. The performance of the buffered Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and slow (tube) agglutination test (SAT) for the detection of serum antibody against B. abortus was: 59(29.5%) and 35(17.5%) animals were positive, respectively. There was appreciable difference in the seroprevalence detected by RBPT and SAT on clinically healthy boran cattle with regard to sensitivity and specificity of the test with RBPT being highly sensitive and specific than SAT. It's concluded that these indigenous boran cattle may be a potential reservoir of B. abortus pathogen and RBPT could be routinely used for detection of antibodies against B. abortus in these cattle. Keywords : Brucella abortus , boran, cattle, RBPT, seroprevalence, SAT, Tanzania. Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 106-110
采用两种经典血清学方法，对马尼亚拉牧场200个地方boran牛的产布鲁氏菌病原菌(Brucella abortus bacterial病原菌，BABP)抗体的血清阳性率进行了调查和比较。缓冲玫瑰孟加拉板试验(RBPT)和慢速(试管)凝集试验(SAT)检测抗流产杆菌血清抗体的性能分别为:59只(29.5%)和35只(17.5%)阳性。RBPT与SAT在临床健康硼硼牛血清中检测阳性率的敏感性和特异性均有明显差异，且RBPT比SAT具有较高的敏感性和特异性，说明这些地方硼硼牛可能是abortus病原菌的潜在宿主，RBPT可常规用于检测这些牛的abortus抗体。关键词:流产布鲁氏菌，boran，牛，RBPT，血清阳性率，SAT，坦桑尼亚坦桑尼亚兽医杂志Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 106-110
{"title":"Relative performance of buffered Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and slow (tube) agglutination test (SAT) for detection of Brucella abortus antibodies in indigenous boran cattle in Tanzania","authors":"E. Swai, A. Chang'a, A. Mbise, P. Mtui","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42033","url":null,"abstract":"The seroprevalence of antibodies against Brucella abortus bacterial pathogen (BABP) in 200 local indigenous boran cattle breed in Manyara ranch was investigated and compared using 2 classical serological tests. The performance of the buffered Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and slow (tube) agglutination test (SAT) for the detection of serum antibody against B. abortus was: 59(29.5%) and 35(17.5%) animals were positive, respectively. There was appreciable difference in the seroprevalence detected by RBPT and SAT on clinically healthy boran cattle with regard to sensitivity and specificity of the test with RBPT being highly sensitive and specific than SAT. It's concluded that these indigenous boran cattle may be a potential reservoir of B. abortus pathogen and RBPT could be routinely used for detection of antibodies against B. abortus in these cattle. Keywords : Brucella abortus , boran, cattle, RBPT, seroprevalence, SAT, Tanzania. Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 106-110","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127308604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lead toxicity poses a big risk to animal and human health worldwide, yet its therapy remains difficult. We investigated the effect of cilantro on lead concentration in rat plasma. Rats received 0.25 ml of lead acetate intraperitoneally at 1.6 mg/ml daily for 16 days followed by or without treatment with 0.6 g of cilantro/rat/day mixed in daily ration for sixteen days. The rats were then sacrificed and blood samples taken to determine the plasma levels of lead, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts using standard procedures. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) of cilantro treated group were determined by proximate analysis. We observed that cilantro leaves had 12, 28.6 and 11.6% DM, CP and CF contents respectively. Lead injection caused an increase (p Keywords : Cilantro, plasma lead, hemoglobin, PCV, blood cell counts Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 132-137
铅中毒对全世界的动物和人类健康构成巨大风险，但其治疗仍然很困难。我们研究了香菜对大鼠血浆铅浓度的影响。大鼠以每天1.6 mg/ml的剂量腹腔注射0.25 ml醋酸铅，连续16天，随后或不注射0.6 g香菜/大鼠/天，连续16天。然后处死大鼠并采集血样，使用标准程序测定血浆铅水平、堆积细胞体积(PCV)、血红蛋白浓度(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)和白细胞(WBC)计数。采用近似分析法测定香菜处理组的干物质(DM)、粗蛋白质(CP)和粗纤维(CF)。结果表明，香菜叶片DM、CP和CF含量分别为12.6%、28.6%和11.6%。关键词:香菜，血浆铅，血红蛋白，PCV，血细胞计数坦桑尼亚兽医杂志Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 132-137
{"title":"Effect of cilantro on plasma lead levels and some hematological parameters in rats","authors":"Ps Mlay, S. Balthazary, E. Phiri, N. Lwitiko","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I2.42036","url":null,"abstract":"Lead toxicity poses a big risk to animal and human health worldwide, yet its therapy remains difficult. We investigated the effect of cilantro on lead concentration in rat plasma. Rats received 0.25 ml of lead acetate intraperitoneally at 1.6 mg/ml daily for 16 days followed by or without treatment with 0.6 g of cilantro/rat/day mixed in daily ration for sixteen days. The rats were then sacrificed and blood samples taken to determine the plasma levels of lead, packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin concentration (Hb), red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cell (WBC) counts using standard procedures. Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and crude fiber (CF) of cilantro treated group were determined by proximate analysis. We observed that cilantro leaves had 12, 28.6 and 11.6% DM, CP and CF contents respectively. Lead injection caused an increase (p Keywords : Cilantro, plasma lead, hemoglobin, PCV, blood cell counts Tanzania Vet Journal Vol. 25 (2) 2008: pp. 132-137","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130137588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Mpanduji, J. Barnabas, G. Kahensa, N. Farijara, M. Fabian, S. Khalid, Aa Kyando, S. Bittegeko
The present study was carried out in order to compare the behavioral, analgesic and cardio-pulmonary effects of epidurally administered medetomidine, lidocaine and their combinations in adult Small East African goats. Fourteen adult, healthy, Small East African goats of both sexes were used in this study. Medetomidine was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg while lidocaine was given at a dose of 4.4 mg/kg body weight. Similarly, half of the above doses were combined, administered and evaluated for the same parameters. The drugs were administered in a randomized single blinded study, with a one-week interval between subsequent injections. Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combinations induced behavioral changes characterized by ataxia, swaying movements, tail flaccidity, low head carriage, sternal and lateral recumbency posture coupled with salivation. Both medetomidine and medetomidine/lidocaine combination induced a significant (P 0.05). Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combination induced a generalized analgesia, while lidocaine aloneinduced bilateral flank and perineal analgesia with variable cranial extension. The duration of adequate analgesia was longer with medetomidine alone than either lidocaine or medetomidine-lidocaine combination. It was therefore concluded that, lumbosacral epidural injection of 20 mg/kg medetomidine induces adequate analgesia of longer duration than either 4.4 mg/kg lidocaine or a combination of half the dose of medetomidine and lidocaine mixed together and given epidurally. Tanzania Veterinary Journal Vol. 24 (1) 2007: pp. 52-66
{"title":"Comparisons Of The Effects Of Medetomidine, Lidocaine And Their Combinations After Lumbosacral Epidural Injection In Goats","authors":"D. Mpanduji, J. Barnabas, G. Kahensa, N. Farijara, M. Fabian, S. Khalid, Aa Kyando, S. Bittegeko","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V24I1.42014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V24I1.42014","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was carried out in order to compare the behavioral,\u0000analgesic and cardio-pulmonary effects of epidurally administered medetomidine, lidocaine and their combinations in adult Small East African goats. Fourteen adult, healthy, Small East African goats of both sexes were used in this study. Medetomidine was administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg while lidocaine was given at a dose of 4.4 mg/kg body weight.\u0000Similarly, half of the above doses were combined, administered and evaluated for the same parameters. The drugs were administered in a randomized single blinded study, with a one-week interval between subsequent injections. Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combinations induced behavioral changes\u0000characterized by ataxia, swaying movements, tail flaccidity, low head carriage, sternal and lateral recumbency posture coupled with salivation. Both medetomidine and medetomidine/lidocaine combination induced a significant (P 0.05). Lumbosacral epidural injection of medetomidine and medetomidine-lidocaine combination induced a generalized analgesia, while lidocaine aloneinduced bilateral flank and perineal analgesia with variable cranial extension. The duration of adequate analgesia was longer with\u0000medetomidine alone than either lidocaine or medetomidine-lidocaine combination. It was therefore concluded that, lumbosacral epidural injection of 20 mg/kg medetomidine induces adequate analgesia of longer duration than either 4.4 mg/kg lidocaine or a combination of half the dose of medetomidine and lidocaine mixed together and given epidurally. Tanzania Veterinary Journal Vol. 24 (1) 2007: pp. 52-66","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121982418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The role of trade cattle in the transmission of brucellosis was evaluated by determining the prevalence of Brucella antibodies in the traditional herd and in trade cattle. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and serum agglutination test (SAT) were used to assay 162 and 56 serum samples collected from traditional herds and trade stock respectively. Results showed that RBPT detected 17.9% [95% (CI 17.4 to 18.4)] and SAT (10.5%) [95% (CI 10.1 to 10.8)] Brucella abortus seropositive cattle in the traditional herds. Based on SAT, the seropositivity was significantly higher in adult cattle (14.3%) [95% (CI 13,5 to 15.1)] than in young cattle (5.1%) [95% (CI 4.5 to 5.7)] (p Tanzania Veterinary Journal Vol. 25 (1) 2008: pp. 48-59
{"title":"Studies On The Role Of Trade Cattle In The Transmission Of Brucellosis In Karagwe District, Tanzania","authors":"Vp Kiputa, S. Kimera, P. Wambura","doi":"10.4314/TVJ.V25I1.42028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/TVJ.V25I1.42028","url":null,"abstract":"The role of trade cattle in the transmission of brucellosis was evaluated by\u0000determining the prevalence of Brucella antibodies in the traditional herd and in trade cattle. Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), and serum agglutination test (SAT) were used to assay 162 and 56 serum samples collected from traditional herds and trade stock respectively. Results showed that RBPT detected 17.9% [95% (CI 17.4 to 18.4)] and SAT (10.5%) [95% (CI 10.1 to 10.8)] Brucella abortus seropositive cattle in the traditional herds. Based on SAT, the seropositivity was significantly higher in adult cattle (14.3%) [95% (CI 13,5 to 15.1)] than in young cattle (5.1%) [95% (CI 4.5 to 5.7)] (p Tanzania Veterinary Journal Vol. 25 (1) 2008: pp. 48-59","PeriodicalId":181497,"journal":{"name":"Tanzania Veterinary Journal","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117332232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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